A vertical summit curve has tangent grades of the highway. Ten vehicles pass the stretch.

+2.8% and-1.6% curve will be designed such
that a motorist whose eyesight is 1.5 m above
the roadway can sight the top of a visible
object 100 mm high at the right side of the
summit at à distance of 130 m.
1. Calculate the length of curve in meters.
4.4(1302 )
𝐿= 2 = 𝟏𝟓𝟔. 𝟓𝟕𝟒
100 [√2(1.5) + √2(. 1)]
From the aerial photograph, the lengths (in
meters) of each vehicle were found as follows:
3.5, 6.3, 4.2, 5.4, 3.4, 3.6, 6.1, 7.2, 5.1,& 3.8.
What is the occupancy rate in m per kilometre.
6. What is the average length of vehicles in
meters.
(3.5 + 6.3 + 4.2 + 5.4 + 3.4 + 3.6 + 6.1 + 7.2 + 5.1 + 3.8)
10
= 4.86 m/veh

2. What is the required change in grade per 7. What is the traffic density in vehicles per
20-m station? kilometer?
4.4 121.5
= .0281%(20) =. 𝟓𝟔𝟐% 𝑘= = 𝟐𝟓 𝒗𝒆𝒉
156.574 4.86

3. How much farther is the summit from PC The average speed per lane of a freeway is 60
than from PT? kph. The average length of cars moving on that
𝑆1 156.574 lane is 5.3 m. The PIEV (perception,
= = 99. 638 identification, emotion and volition) time is
2.8 2.8 + 1.6
𝑆2 = 56.936 1.1 second.
𝑆1 − 𝑆2 = 𝟒𝟐. 𝟕
8. What is the required center-to-center
A vertical summit curve has tangent grades of spacing of vehicles, in meters?
2.2% and-1.8%. The required stopping sight 60(1000)
𝐶=
distance 150 m. (60/3.6)(1.1) + 5.3
4. What length of the curve is required? 𝑪 = 𝟐𝟓𝟑𝟗 𝒗𝒆𝒉/𝒉𝒓
assume s>L
1400 9. What is the traffic density in vehicles per
2(492) − = 193.3 > 𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑢𝑠 𝑠 < 𝐿
4 kilometre.
𝐴𝑆 2 4(492)2 1000𝑚/𝑘𝑚
𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝐿 = = = 𝟐𝟏𝟎. 𝟖 > 𝑠 𝑘= = 𝟒𝟐. 𝟑𝒗𝒆𝒉/𝒌𝒎
1400 1400 23.63

A car traveling at 105 kph applies a brake and 10. What is the minimum time headway per
stopped at a distance of 105 m. The coefficient vehicle in seconds?
of friction between the tires and the road is 0.5. 1 1 3.9432𝑥10−4 ℎ𝑟
If the perception- reaction time is 1.5 seconds, 𝑡ℎ = = =
𝑐 2536 𝑣𝑒ℎ
5. What is the grade of the road? = 𝟏. 𝟒𝟐 𝒔𝒆𝒄/𝒗𝒆𝒉
2.1672
105 = 29.167(1.5) +
2(9.81)(0.50 + 𝐺)

𝑮 = 𝟐𝟎. 𝟖%

To determine the traffic density on a single-

lane highway, a surveillance was made to
measure the occupancy on a 400-m stretch of