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Nouns are the names of persons, places or things. There are four kinds of nouns:
(1) Common Nouns :–
These are the names which are shared by a large class of persons or things.
Ex :- boy girl village country day month
(2) Proper Nouns :–
These are the personal names of people, places or things. The names usually do not belong to others
of the same kind. These nouns always start with a capital letter.
Ex :- Nimal Nayani Matara India Sunday April
^3& Collective Nouns : –
These are the names of groups of persons or things of the same kind.
Ex :- crowd mob team flock herd army
fleet jury family nation committee
(4) Abstract Nouns :– These are the names of states, qualities or actions.
An Abstract Noun is usually the name of a quality, action or state.
Quality :- goodness, kindness, whiteness, darkness, hardness, brightness, honesty, wisdom
Action :- laughter, the movement , judgment, hatred
State :- childhood , boyhood, youth, slavery, sleep, sickness, death, poverty
Nouns :- Possessive
Singular nouns – Use apostrophe s ( ’s)
Ex:- Nimal’s house. The man’s hat. The boy’s book . The lion’s tail.
Plural Nouns
Plural nouns 1. If the plural ends with ‘s’ add only an apostrophe after s
Ex:- The boys’ house. The girls’ books.
2. If the plural does not end with ‘s’ add apostrophe s ( ’s)
Plural Possessive
Men Men’s clothes
Women Women’s clothes
Children Children’s school
We use the possessive (‘s or s’) form of nouns that name people and most animals. It is not
generally used for nouns that name things.
So we say the boy’s leg ; the cat’s eyes etc.
But we say the leg of the table. the roof of the house etc.
Nouns :- Singular and Plural
(1) With most nouns in English we make the plural by adding s to the singular.
Ex:- Boy Boys Girl ……… Tree ………..
Pen ………… Cow ……… Temple ……….
(2) Nouns ending in –s, -sh, -ch, -x, -z make their plurals by adding –es.
Ex:- Brush Brushes Bus ……. Tax ………. Fox ……….
Box …. Class ……….. Branch ………… Watch ………
(3) Some nouns that end in –o form their plurals by adding -es.
Ex:- Potato Potatoes Mosquito ………… Echo ……….
Hero ……… Volcano ……….. Cargo ………..
Buffalo ……….. Negro ………. Mango ………….