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Association of American Universities

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Association of American Universities
Association of American Universities Logo.png
Formation February 28, 1900; 118 years ago[1]
Founded at Chicago, Illinois, US
Type 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization[2]
Tax ID no.
52-1945674[2]
Headquarters 1200 New York Avenue NW, Washington, D.C., U.S.
Location
United StatesCanada
Coordinates 38.900490�N 77.028556�WCoordinates: 38.900490�N 77.028556�W
Membership
62
President
Mary Sue Coleman
Chair
Nicholas Zeppos
Website www.aau.edu
The Association of American Universities (AAU) is a binational organization of
leading research universities devoted to maintaining a strong system of academic
research and education. It consists of 60 universities in the United States (both
public and private) and two universities in Canada.

Contents
1 Organization
1.1 Founding Universities
1.2 Benefits
1.3 Presidents
1.4 Statistics
2 Membership
2.1 Former members
2.2 Map of schools
3 Advocacy
4 See also
5 Notes
6 References
7 External links
Organization
The AAU was founded on February 28, 1900, by a group of 14 Doctor of Philosophy
degree�granting universities[a] in the United States to strengthen and standardize
American doctoral programs.[1] American universities�starting with the Johns
Hopkins University in 1876�were adopting the research-intensive German model of
higher education. Lack of standardization damaged European universities' opinions
of their American counterparts, however, and many American students attended
graduate school in Europe instead of staying in the US. The presidents of the Johns
Hopkins University, the University of Chicago, Columbia University, Harvard
University, and the University of California had sent a letter of invitation to
nine other universities to meet at Chicago in February 1900 to promote and raise
standards.[3] Charles E. Elliot of Harvard University was elected the
organization's first president,[1] and Stanford University's David Starr Jordan was
elected the organization's first chairman.[4]

In 1914, the AAU began accrediting undergraduate education at its members and other
schools. German universities used the "AAU Accepted List" to determine whether a
college's graduates were qualified for graduate programs. Regional accreditation
agencies existed in the U.S. by the 1920s, and the AAU ended accrediting schools in
1948.[5]

The AAU is made up of universities of varying sizes and missions. Today, 62


universities in the US and Canada are members and the primary purpose of the
organization is to provide a forum for the development and implementation of
institutional and national policies, in order to promote strong programs in
academic research and scholarship and undergraduate, graduate, and professional
education.

Founding Universities
Johns Hopkins University
University of Chicago
Columbia University
Harvard University
University of California, Berkeley
University of Michigan
Cornell University
Stanford University
Princeton University
University of Pennsylvania
University of Wisconsin�Madison
Yale University
The Catholic University of America (Former member)
Clark University (Former member)
Benefits
The largest attraction of the AAU for many schools, especially nonmembers, is
prestige. For example, in 2010 the chancellor of nonmember North Carolina State
University described it as "the pre-eminent research-intensive membership group. To
be a part of that organization is something N.C. State aspires to."[6] A spokesman
for nonmember University of Connecticut called it "perhaps the most elite
organization in higher education. You'd probably be hard-pressed to find a major
research university that didn't want to be a member of the AAU."[7] In 2012, the
new elected chancellor of University of Massachusetts Amherst, a nonmember of AAU,
reaffirmed the framework goal of elevating the campus to AAU standards which
inspire them to become a member in the near future, and called it a distinctive
status.[8] Because of the lengthy and difficult entrance process, boards of
trustees, state legislators, and donors often see membership as evidence of the
quality of a university.[6]

The AAU acts as a lobbyist at its headquarters in the city of Washington, DC, for
research and higher education funding and for policy and regulatory issues
affecting research universities. The association holds two meetings annually, both
in Washington. Separate meetings are held for university presidents, provosts, and
other officials. Because the meetings are private they offer the opportunity for
discussion without media coverage. Prominent government officials, businessmen, and
others often speak to the groups.[6]

Presidents
Executive Term
Thomas A. Bartlett 1977�1982
Robert M. Rosenzweig 1983�1993
Cornelius J. Pings 1993�1998
Nils Hasselmo 1998�2006
Robert M. Berdahl 2006�2011
Hunter R. Rawlings III 2011�2016
Mary Sue Coleman 2016�present
Statistics
As of 2004, AAU members accounted for 58 percent[b] of US universities' research
grants and contract income and 52 percent of all doctorates awarded in the United
States. Since 1999, 43 percent of all Nobel Prize winners and 74 percent of winners
at US institutions have been affiliated with an AAU university. Approximately two
thirds of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 2006 Class of Fellows are
affiliated with an AAU university. The faculties at AAU universities include 2,993
members of the United States National Academies (82 percent of all members): the
National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the
Institute of Medicine (2004).[9]

Undergraduate students: 1,044,759; 7 percent nationally


Undergraduate degrees awarded: 235,328; 17 percent nationally
Graduate students: 418,066; 20 percent nationally
Master's degrees awarded: 106,971; 19 percent nationally
Professional degrees awarded: 20,859; 25 percent nationally
Doctorates awarded: 22,747; 52 percent nationally
Postdoctoral fellows: 30,430; 67 percent nationally
Students studying abroad: 57,205
National Merit/Achievement Scholars (2004): 5,434; 63 percent nationally
Faculty: approximately 72,000
Membership
AAU membership is by invitation only, which requires an affirmative vote of three
fourths of current members. Invitations are considered periodically, based in part
on an assessment of the breadth and quality of university programs of research and
graduate education, as well as undergraduate education. The association ranks its
members using four criteria: research spending, the percentage of faculty who are
members of the National Academies, faculty awards, and citations. Two thirds of
members can vote to revoke membership for poor rankings.[10][11] As of 2010 annual
dues are $80,500.[6] All 60 US members of the AAU are also classified as Highest
Research Activity (R1) Universities by the Carnegie Classification of Institutions
of Higher Education.

Institution[12] State or Province Control Established Year joined Total


students Medical school[13][14]
(LCME accredited)

Engineering program[15]
(ABET accredited)

Boston University Massachusetts Private 1839 2012 30,009 Green tick


Green tick
Brandeis University Massachusetts Private 1948 1985 5,808 Red X Red X
Brown University Rhode Island Private 1764 1933 8,619 Green tick Green
tick
California Institute of Technology California Private 1891 1934 2,231 Red X
Green tick
Carnegie Mellon University Pennsylvania Private 1900 1982 12,908
Red X Green tick
Case Western Reserve University Ohio Private 1826 1969 11,824 Green
tick Green tick
Columbia University New York Private 1754 1900 29,250 Green tick
Green tick
Cornell University New York Private 1865 1900 21,904 Green tick
Green tick
Duke University North Carolina Private 1838 1938 14,600 Green tick
Green tick
Emory University Georgia Private 1836 1995 14,513 Green tick Red
X[c]
Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia Public 1885 2010 29,370
Red X Green tick
Harvard University Massachusetts Private 1636 1900 21,000 Green
tick Green tick
Indiana University Bloomington Indiana Public 1820 1909 42,731
Red X Red X
Iowa State University Iowa Public 1858 1958 36,001 Red X Green tick
Johns Hopkins University Maryland Private 1876 1900 23,073 Green
tick Green tick
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Massachusetts Private 1861 1934
11,319 Red X Green tick
McGill University Quebec Public 1821 1926 36,904 Green tick Green
tick
Michigan State University Michigan Public 1855 1964 49,300 Green
tick Green tick
New York University New York Private 1831 1950 53,711 Green tick
Green tick
Northwestern University Illinois Private 1851 1917 21,208 Green tick
Green tick
Ohio State University Ohio Public 1870 1916 57,466 Green tick Green
tick
Pennsylvania State University Pennsylvania Public 1855 1958 45,518
Green tick Green tick
Princeton University New Jersey Private 1746 1900 8,010 Red X Green tick
Purdue University Indiana Public 1869 1958 39,256 Red X Green tick
Rice University Texas Private 1912 1985 6,487 Red X Green tick
Rutgers University�New Brunswick New Jersey Public 1766 1989 41,565
Green tick Green tick
Stanford University California Private 1891 1900 15,877 Green tick
Green tick
Stony Brook University New York Public 1957 2001 25,272 Green tick
Green tick
Texas A&M University Texas Public 1876 2001 62,185 Green tick Green
tick
Tulane University Louisiana Private 1834 1958 13,462 Green tick Green
tick
The University of Arizona Arizona Public 1885 1985 40,223 Green
tick Green tick
The State University of New York at Buffalo New York Public 1846 1989
30,183 Green tick Green tick
University of California, Berkeley California Public 1868 1900 36,204
Red X Green tick
University of California, Davis California Public 1905 1996 34,175
Green tick Green tick
University of California, Irvine California Public 1965 1996 29,588
Green tick Green tick
University of California, Los Angeles California Public 1919 1974 42,163
Green tick Green tick
University of California, San Diego California Public 1960 1982 30,310
Green tick Green tick
University of California, Santa Barbara California Public 1944 1995 25,057
Red X Green tick
The University of Chicago Illinois Private 1890 1900 14,954 Green
tick Green tick
University of Colorado Boulder Colorado Public 1876 1966 32,775
Red X Green tick
University of Florida Florida Public 1853 1985 49,042 Green tick
Green tick
University of Illinois at Urbana�Champaign Illinois Public 1867 1908
44,520 Green tick Green tick
The University of Iowa Iowa Public 1847 1909 31,065 Green tick Green
tick
The University of Kansas Kansas Public 1865 1909 27,983 Green
tick Green tick
University of Maryland, College Park Maryland Public 1856 1969 37,631
Green tick Green tick
University of Michigan Michigan Public 1817 1900 43,426 Green tick
Green tick
University of Minnesota Minnesota Public 1851 1908 51,853 Green tick
Green tick
University of Missouri Missouri Public 1839 1908 35,441 Green tick
Green tick
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill North Carolina Public 1789
1922 29,390 Green tick Green tick[d]
University of Oregon Oregon Public 1876 1969 22,980 Red X Red X
University of Pennsylvania Pennsylvania Private 1740 1900 24,630
Green tick Green tick
University of Pittsburgh Pennsylvania Public 1787 1974 28,649
Green tick Green tick
University of Rochester New York Private 1850 1941 10,290 Green tick
Green tick
University of Southern California California Private 1880 1969 39,958
Green tick Green tick
University of Texas at Austin Texas Public 1883 1929 51,000 Green tick
Green tick
University of Toronto Ontario Public 1827 1926 84,000 Green tick
Green tick
University of Virginia Virginia Public 1819 1904 24,360 Green tick
Green tick
University of Washington Washington Public 1861 1950 43,762 Green
tick Green tick
University of Wisconsin�Madison Wisconsin Public 1848 1900 43,275
Green tick Green tick
Vanderbilt University Tennessee Private 1873 1950 12,795 Green tick
Green tick
Washington University in St. Louis Missouri Private 1853 1923 14,117
Green tick Green tick
Yale University Connecticut Private 1701 1900 12,223 Green tick Green
tick
Former members
Catholic University of America (1900�2002)
Departed as a result of "institutional emphases and energies" that differed from
the other AAU members.[18]
Clark University (1900�1999)
Departed because of a shift in the AAU's emphasis to large research universities.
[19]
University of Nebraska�Lincoln (1909�2011)
Removed from the AAU.[11] Chancellor Harvey Perlman claimed that the lack of an on-
campus medical school (the Medical Center is a separate campus of the University of
Nebraska system) and the AAU's disregarding of USDA-funded agricultural research in
its metrics hurt the university's performance in the association's internal ranking
system.[10]
Syracuse University (1966�2011)
Because of a dispute over how to count nonfederal grants, Syracuse voluntarily
withdrew from the AAU in 2011. The Chronicle of Higher Education reported that
after "it became clear that Syracuse wouldn't meet the association's revised
membership criteria, university officials decided that they would leave the
organization voluntarily, rather than face a vote like Nebraska's, and notified the
leadership of their intentions."[20]
Map of schools
Association of American Universities is located in the
USRiceRiceTulaneTulaneBuffaloBuffaloArizonaArizonaUC BerkeleyUC
BerkeleyUCLAUCLAOregonOregonUSCUSCStanfordStanfordWashingtonWashingtonColoradoColor
adoTAMUTAMUFloridaFloridaVanderbiltVanderbiltMissouriMissouriPenn StatePenn
StateRutgersRutgersIndianaIndianaMichiganMichiganMichigan StateMichigan StateOhio
StateOhio
StateIllinoisIllinoisIowaIowaMinnesotaMinnesotaNorthwesternNorthwesternPurduePurdue
WisconsinWisconsinMarylandMarylandIowa StateIowa StateKansasKansasTexasTexasGa.
TechGa.
TechVirginiaVirginiaUNCUNCDukeDukePittPittBrownBrownColumbiaColumbiaCornellCornellU
PennUPennPrincetonPrincetonYaleYaleCaltechCaltechUC DavisUC DavisUC IrvineUC
IrvineUC San DiegoUC San DiegoUC Santa BarbaraUC Santa
BarbaraEmoryEmoryUChicagoUChicagoJohns HopkinsJohns HopkinsFour schools*Four
schools*Wash U.Wash U.NYUNYUStony BrookStony BrookRochesterRochesterCase
WesternCase WesternCarnegie MellonCarnegie MellonTorontoTorontoMcGillMcGill
A map of the AAU schools, with private schools marked blue and public schools
marked red. Four private schools in Greater Boston are not labeled separately due
to space reasons: Harvard, MIT, Boston University, and Brandeis.

Advocacy
In 2014, the AAU supported the proposed Research and Development Efficiency Act
arguing that the legislation "can lead to a long-needed reduction in the regulatory
burden currently imposed on universities and their faculty members who conduct
research on behalf of the federal government."[21] According to the AAU, "too often
federal requirements" for accounting for federal grant money "are ill-conceived,
ineffective, and/or duplicative."[21] This wastes the researchers' times and
"reduces the time they can devote to discovery and innovation and increases
institutional compliance costs."[21] AAU institutions are frequently involved in US
science policy debates. In 2008, AAU Vice President for Policy, Tobin Smith, co-
authored a textbook on US science policy.

See also
University portal
List of higher education associations and alliances
Notes
The Association of American Universities was founded by University of California,
Catholic University of America. University of Chicago, Clark University, Columbia
University, Cornell University, Harvard University, Johns Hopkins University,
University of Michigan, Princeton University, University of Pennsylvania, Stanford
University, University of Wisconsin, and Yale University, all of which were its
first members.[1]
Over $15.9 billion: NIH: $9.1 billion, 60 percent of total academic research
funding. Research Funding: National Science Foundation: $2.0 billion, 63 percent of
total academic research funding Department of Defense: $1.2 billion, 56 percent of
total academic research funding Department of Energy: $505.2 million, 63 percent of
total academic research funding NASA: $673.2 million, 57 percent of total academic
research funding Department of Agriculture: $271.9 million, 41 percent of total
academic research funding.
Although Emory shares a joint engineering department with Georgia Tech, the
program is accredited through Georgia Tech.[16]
UNC shares a joint engineering department with NCSU.[17]
References
"Colleges WIll Co-operate: Organization of the Association of American
Universities". The Washington Post. March 1, 1900. p. 2.
"Association Of American Colleges And Universities". Tax Exempt Organization
Search. Internal Revenue Service. December 20, 2018.
"The Letter of Invitation to the Founding Conference of AAU". Association of
American Universities. January 1900.
"For Uniform Requirements: Universities Will Fix Standard For Higher Degrees". The
Baltimore Sun';. March 1, 1900. p. 2.
"The Association of American Universities: A Century of Service to Higher
Education 1900-2000". Association of American Universities. Retrieved 2018-02-25.
Fain, Paul (April 21, 2010). "As AAU Admits Georgia Tech to Its Exclusive Club,
Other Universities Await the Call". Chronicle of Higher Education. Archived from
the original on June 11, 2011. Retrieved April 29, 2011.
Hine, Chris (June 13, 2010). "Nebraska has it all to attract Big Ten, most
importantly AAU membership". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on
September 6, 2011. Retrieved April 29, 2011.
UMass Amherst: Kumble R. Subbaswamy � Feature Story Archived July 11, 2012, at the
Wayback Machine. Umass.edu (May 13, 2012). Retrieved on 2013-07-15.
AAU Facts and Figures Archived September 12, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.
Accessed August 24, 2008.
Abourezk, Kevin (April 29, 2011). "Research universities group ends UNL's
membership". Lincoln Journal Star. Archived from the original on May 3, 2011.
Retrieved April 29, 2011.
Selingo, Jeffrey J. (April 29, 2011). "U. of Nebraska-Lincoln Is Voted Out of
Assn. of American Universities". Chronicle of Higher Education. Archived from the
original on May 2, 2011. Retrieved April 29, 2011.
"Member Institutions and Years of Admission". Association of American
Universities. Archived from the original on October 26, 2014. Retrieved October 25,
2014.
"Accredited MD Programs in the United States". LCME. Liaison Committee on Medical
Education. Retrieved 18 May 2018.
"AAU Peer Institutions". Data Analytics. 2016-08-10. Retrieved 2018-05-14.
"ABET ACCREDITED PROGRAM SEARCH". ABET. ABET. Retrieved 17 May 2018.
"Accreditation and Assessment". Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering.
Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology &
Emory University School of Medicine. Retrieved 17 May 2018.
"Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering". Joint Department of Biomedical
Engineering. Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering @ UNC & NC State. Retrieved
17 May 2018.
O'Connell, The Most Rev. David M. (2002). "From the President's Desk". The
Catholic University of America. Archived from the original on June 1, 2013.
Retrieved August 25, 2013.
Peter Schmidt, "Clark U. Leaves Association of American Universities; Others May
Follow" (September 10, 1999). Chronicle of Higher Education.
Selingo, Jeffrey J. (May 2, 2011). "Facing an Ouster From an Elite Group of
Universities, Syracuse U. Says It Will Withdraw". Chronicle of Higher Education.
Archived from the original on May 4, 2011. Retrieved May 3, 2011.
"AAU Statement on the Research and Development Efficiency Act". Association of
American Universities. July 14, 2014. Archived from the original on July 25, 2014.
Retrieved July 17, 2014.
External links
Official website Edit this at Wikidata
vte
Association of American Universities
Public
Arizona California Berkeley Davis Irvine Los Angeles San Diego Santa Barbara
Colorado Florida Georgia Tech Illinois Indiana Iowa Iowa State Kansas Maryland
Michigan Michigan State Minnesota Missouri SUNY Buffalo Stony Brook North Carolina
Ohio State Oregon Penn State Pittsburgh Purdue Rutgers Texas Texas A&M Virginia
Washington Wisconsin
Private
Boston U Brandeis Brown Caltech Carnegie Mellon Case Western Reserve Chicago
Columbia Cornell Duke Emory Harvard Johns Hopkins MIT Northwestern NYU Penn
Princeton Rice Rochester USC Stanford Tulane Vanderbilt Wash U Yale
Canadian (public)
McGill Toronto
Authority control Edit this at Wikidata
GND: 26165-8 ISNI: 0000 0001 1703 1039 LCCN: n84038160 NKC: kn20110315013 VIAF:
137100626 WorldCat Identities (via VIAF): 137100626
Categories: Organizations established in 1900College and university associations
and consortia in CanadaCollege and university associations and consortia in the
United States
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