IN ACTION

Sean Lilley
Analytical Graphics, Inc
slilley@agi.com
@lilleyse
• Open source JavaScript library for 3D globes & maps
• Built on WebGL
• Founded by Analytical Graphics Inc.
3D Data
• City building data
• Photogrammetry
• LiDAR
• Vector data
• CAD & BIM
3D Data
• City building data – CityGML, GeoJSON, Shapefile, KML + COLLADA
• Photogrammetry – COLLADA, OBJ, hundreds of jpegs
• LiDAR – LAS, PCD, CSV with xyz/rgb
• Vector data – GeoJSON, Shapefile, KML
• CAD & BIM – IFC, DWG, other proprietary formats
3D Data
• Many input formats
• Common for datasets to be in the multi GB range
• Inconsistent projections
• Not inherently streamable
• Amount of data is only growing
3D Data Case Studies
Melbourne
• One hundred 8k by 8k images
• 100 million triangles
• 136 obj models
Cell Tower
• 900 images
• 5.6 million triangles
Tiling in 3D is a necessity
Vulci Site
• 9634 images
NYC
• 1.1 million buildings
• 12 GB CityGML
swisstopo
• 40 million buildings
• 80 million trees
• 150,000 labels
• KML + COLLADA
Desert Point Cloud
• 1.5 GB LAS file
• 55 million points
Philly Trees
• 57K trees
• Instanced from single
COLLADA model
• CSV file with lat/long
3D Data
• Too many input formats for renderers to realistically support
• Not optimized for streaming or rendering
• What we need:
• A spatial data structure with level-of-detail
• Geometry and texture simplification for non-leaf tiles
• Quick to offload to GPU
Massive heterogeneous 3D engines, e.g.,
3D geospatial datasets
3D Tiles
• tileset.json
• Defines spatial layout for the tileset
• Relative paths to tiles
• May point to external tilesets
• Tiles
• Contains the actual data
• Binary formats

• Alternatively – self contained .3dtiles SQLite DB

Tile Formats
• Batched (b3dm)
• Instanced (i3dm)
• Point Cloud (pnts)
• Vector (vctr)
Tile Formats
• Batched (b3dm)
• Instanced (i3dm)
• Point Cloud (pnts)
• Vector (vctr)
Tile Formats
• Batched (b3dm)
• Instanced (i3dm)
• Point Cloud (pnts)
• Vector (vctr)
Tile Formats
• Batched (b3dm)
• Instanced (i3dm)
• Point Cloud (pnts)
• Vector (vctr)
Tile Formats
• Batched (b3dm)
• Instanced (i3dm)
• Point Cloud (pnts)
• Vector (vctr)
3D Data
• City building data – CityGML, GeoJSON, Shapefile, KML + COLLADA
• Photogrammetry – COLLADA, OBJ, hundreds of jpegs
• LiDAR – LAS, PCD, CSV with xyz/rgb
• Vector data – GeoJSON, Shapefile, KML
• CAD & BIM – IFC, DWG, other proprietary formats
3D Tiles
• City building data – b3dm
• Photogrammetry – b3dm
• LiDAR – pnts
• Vector data – vctr
• CAD & BIM – b3dm
3D Tiles
• City building data – b3dm
• Photogrammetry – b3dm
• LiDAR – pnts
• Vector data – vctr
• CAD & BIM – b3dm

• Instanced features – i3dm

3D Tiles
• Different tile formats may exist in the same tileset
• Buildings + trees + point clouds
• Unified styling API
• Metadata layout is the same for each format
• In the end, everything is a feature
Vector Tiles + Buildings
Vector Tiles + Photogrammetry

Debug View
Style by height
Style by latitude
Style by distance to landmark
Hide small buildings
Point Cloud Styling
Since last year…
• Revamped styling API
• Batched, Instanced, and Point Cloud format in solid shape for 1.0
• Progress on vector format and classification
• Cesium implementation merged into master
• 3D Tiles in the OGC Community Standard Process
3D Tiles Ecosystem
Exporters / Tilers Visualization engines

three.js
prototype

OSG.JS

considering
ContextCapture MicroStation

FME

Validator in-progress

@mattshax

Built on
Next
A truly 3D vector tile for heterogeneous classification
A 3D analytics-enabled styling language
Time-dynamic streaming
3D Data
• City building data
• Photogrammetry
• LiDAR
• Vector data
• CAD & BIM
Thank you!

• https://github.com/AnalyticalGraphicsInc/3d-tiles
• Sean Lilley
• Analytical Graphics, Inc
• slilley@agi.com
• @lilleyse