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Project information:-
Our goal in the internship period is to gain the basic managerial activities & work
methodology in continuous manner in a building construction site from the beginning of the
project.
In order to do that we started to look for construction site which are at beginning, in doing
so we had chosen Bole Japan was better according to our criteria.
Then we have accepted by the company by October 08/10/2018 and we had completed the
agreement among Bamacon head office around wello sefer, EIABC and Nile source site.
Pre-construction stage
The contractor is provided with this project throw selective bidding approach the client
chooses a few construction companies which he is confident with the performance for this
project then select the one who come up with least cost.
Then after the client on his behave nominate the architect as a Consultant (with full
responsibility in architectural as well as structural design) so the three parties are
agreed.
Which we believe this is the basic reason for the stake holders to be where they are right
at this moment.
ii. Engineering Stage:-Project preliminary plan
Prepared completion time, project design and drawings, breakdown of the project in to
contract, tender preparation, tender finalization period, and the contracted works
commencement and completion dates….
iii. Implementation Stage: Project construction plan
This stage needs planning the time, resource and the controlling activity.
This is what is being done by the contractor and what we were trying to investigate.
First they excavate for the piles up to we find a good bed for the shoring.
Then insert the reinforcement inside the holes and fill it with concrete.
The piles is spaced 1.2 m spacing.
It is anchored by tensioning a coiled wire for each 1.5m depth.
The slope of anchoring decrease as we go deep because the amount of soil to retain is also
decreasing.
they excavate each 1.5m and anchor it up to the bed.
There is a grouting process which is used to anchor the coiled wire with the retained
structure.
Then after mesh the space between the piles with diameter 8 bar and spray it with a light
weights concrete.
They have used both combined and isolated footings based on structural design.
They have used pad foundation because according to the geological survey of the soil the soil
is taken to resist the load of structure with this kind of foundation.
INTERNSHIP –MONTHLY REPORT OF OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER 2018 12/06/2018
Site layout
INTERNSHIP –MONTHLY REPORT OF OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER 2018 12/06/2018
Abstracts
▪ As there is a shortage of land our sites lay out can be taken as effective because of the
following reasons;
One it have all necessary site formalities like site visit area toilet.
And also they are placed on a proper place e.g. the site visit area is located at the center
to watch the whole construction is looked, also the toilet is located @ one corner of the
site.
The site office is also near to the site.
The other good thing is the consulting office is found in front of the site which is very
best for inspection
INTERNSHIP –MONTHLY REPORT OF OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER 2018 12/06/2018
▪ Some problems
There is a shortage of transportation down to the basement both for materials and
workers.
The temporary ladder shown in the above layout is very dangerous to use it because it is
very weak.
The other problem is that when concrete is arrived the temporary ladder is also used as
a ramp for the concrete to slide down which is impossible to use the ladder @ that time.
o There are a number of recite types which are used for different purposes.
These are:
MR material request: to ask the head office/ administration for materials to be
bought.
Inter store material: to ask and bring materials from head office main store to site
store.
Good receiving voucher: for material receiving.
According to our site the material is supplied by the client ,so the material requited to reach
the site it should pass the following;-
First the material request form should be filled by the site engineer and signed by the
project manager (pm) then it is approved by the client engineer then the suppliers
deliver the material to the site according to the requests.
▪ Then after it arrived to the site it will placed in site store or used immediately on the site
▪ The safety materials are also exists in site store, every work man have his own hail mats
and reflector jackets.
INTERNSHIP –MONTHLY REPORT OF OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER 2018 12/06/2018
Project Manager:-
o Plans, organizes and leads the day to day activities of the project for the completion of the
work as per the targets and outputs set out.
o Devises and organizes best work methodologies on site from time to time to save cost and
time.
o Controls and coordinates the day to day communication of project with other stakeholders,
road users and governmental and nongovernmental organizations.
o Prepares the project Master work schedule and plan, monthly action plans and tracks the
performance of the works as per the plans.
o Evaluates the day to day accomplishment of the works as per the daily action plans and
records the performance of the works.
Senior quantity surveyor:
o Working on optimization and the delivery of production drawings, and recording quantity.
o Works in quantity esues.
o Organizes and leads the assigned labor and equipment and hence executes the daily work
activities as per the daily plans, and approved work methodologies to accomplish the daily
targets set out.
o Coordinates controls and remains responsible for proper stock placement, receiving, issue
and safe keeping of machineries as per the approved formats and standards of the
company.
INTERNSHIP –MONTHLY REPORT OF OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER 2018 12/06/2018
Data collector;
Forman;
o The Forman coordinates the workmen according to their particular activity like masons,
carpenters, bar benders, labor and operators on the site order and control them.
o Keeps the work moving ahead daily as the project engineer has planned it.
o Organizes and directs the work done by the skilled and unskilled labors.
o Studies the working drawings in detail before starting the work.
o Checks that the various construction works goes parallel.
Abstract 1
When we enter the site at the first time the workers are busy by transporting cart away.
The cart away was transported manually by the daily laborer with the smaller lifts which
have very low productivity.
Recommendations from us:-
1, why didn’t uses movable crane to transport/remove the cart away from the site? Their
response is there is an obstacle municipal Electric line due to this reason they choose the
manual transportation.
We asked that why they don’t install the electric line underground unless it causes other
problems.
2, the second way is giving the cart away for a group of works other than daily laborers of the
site as a contract by fixing time of completion so it worked it facilitate other works to be done.
Our building water drain and water from shoring is captured through open ditch then collect
it to septic tank and then pumped out to municipal line.
Construction methodology
▪ The slope of the ditch is 5%, to make practical compaction of selected fill by using Rammer
and vibratory plate in 1m horizontal length and drop in 5cm we get 5% slope after
this they lean 5cm C-15 lean concrete then 10cm thick ditch slab reinforcement casting with
a diameter of 8mm, 10mm & 12mm, from this we learned how to implement the drawing in
to practical.
▪ Manhole /septic tank constructed to hold the drainage and ditch which have a pump.
▪ There is a place, no space to place the ditch, we have placed pipe Ø20mm with 135° elbow
and this pipe transfer water from one part of ditch to the other.
INTERNSHIP –MONTHLY REPORT OF OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER 2018 12/06/2018
Abstract 2
Form work for beam
Our site is different from other one is by beam form work.
First the design is to cast solid/ flat slab and to cast slab and beam ones to prevent uplift water and
because there is a DPM below the grade beam.
Therefore We should have to use non removable form work
Ply wood and panels:-gives required shape sharpness and are not time taking in construction but not
economical
Rock stone:-economical than the ply wood & panels but less productive and not give sharp & flat face.
Block:-it is economical and gives the required face i.e. sharp, flat and appropriate to install DPM without
any damage. “Block” is better than “rock stone” and the best from ply wood & panel then they choose
block as form work by the negotiation of professionals.
Construction methodology
First we compact the selected material 60cm below floor finish level with 20-30cm layer of
compaction using rammer and vibratory plate, then lean 5cm c-15 lean concrete with a width of
68cm on axis after this we placed 20*20*40 cm block with 2.5cm mortar bed by offset 14cm from
the center of the axis both sides after this we placed mortar on the 20*20*40cm block and place
20*10*40cm, we get a width of 28cm & 35 cm deep.
INTERNSHIP –MONTHLY REPORT OF OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER 2018 12/06/2018
center of the beam axis lean concrete for the block formwork
block formwork construction
During installation
▪ We have used Ø110mm U PVC first we had made the slope of the pipe which is specified in the
drawing is 5% slope so the Forman ticked the top level of the pipe on the column reinforcement bar
then he changed the 5% slope in to easy & applicable way of installation which is 1m horizontal &
5cm deep by this calculation they start to make slope by using sand bed then we get 5% slope and
install the pipe on the sand one piece of pipe cover 6m and connect the no_ of pipes using elbows,
T, 180° and 270°.
o T:-used when there is need of connecting two pipes and there is a vertical flow floor drainage pipe
to catch the water from the floor to the horizontal pipes.
o 180°:-used to connect two series pipes
o 270°:-used to bend the pipes to other directions
o Y-branch:-used to collect water drainage from two directions
INTERNSHIP –MONTHLY REPORT OF OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER 2018 12/06/2018
Its purpose;-
As it is filled in random manner no stone will be vertical up so the ground water flow down
by the sloped placed stone.
To fill the beam area up to slab to avoid direct contact slab and soil.
To support the ground slab
INTERNSHIP –MONTHLY REPORT OF OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER 2018 12/06/2018
First fill the larger size of stone and then the top of the stone greater than 30cm was crashed by
using hammer and fill large holes to level & save the concrete usage.
▪ The lean concrete work is done by using a wooden purlin 5*3 cm “riga”
To be economical
The soil is good when we compare the other side of the site.
▪ The panel is used for the building side of the wall because it is re-usable so it should be on the face
which is easy to demolish with the piece size is 75cm width & 2m long.
▪ The ply wood is used to the face of the soil it is non-re-usable because it is impossible to demolish
due to the absence of space to demolish so it is fixed and it is used before.
▪ Any play wood formwork cannot be used more than 3 times so we use panel formwork it is more
advantageous although it has high initial cost but it serve for a longer time than plywood.
Scaffolding
In our site we used two types of scaffolding wooden at the side of the soil to demolish use
hammering & as there is a soil there is no need to use tubular metal crusty.
Tubular metal crusty is very safe and long life because they don’t affect by moisture both diagonal &
vertical bracing.
Panel formwork
temporary area for concrete casting of retaining wall
Pouring of concrete for retaining wall
C-35 Concrete is poured with a ready mix concrete from batching plant .
INTERNSHIP –MONTHLY REPORT OF OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER 2018 12/06/2018
They use retarder admixture to increase setting time of concrete, to give as time for vibrating
Casting methodology
o After the mixer truck is arrived it connect its outlet with temporary ramp for concrete and the
concrete slides through them and placed on site then using wheel barrows poured in the formwork
after this vibrate by a vibrator to avoid segregation.
o Epoxy is a construction chemical used to avoid creeps among the vibration of casting.
INTERNSHIP –MONTHLY REPORT OF OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER 2018 12/06/2018
In our site there was retardation of tasks and the site was running below the schedule
because independent activities were not under execution because of the following root
cases;-
There is lack of communication between contractor side & consulting side workers.
After the above problems are fixed the site was begin to go fast so, we guarantee that root case
analyses is very best way of solving problems.
One of the special thing in our site is works like reinforcement works, formworks and DPM
works are given to sub-contractors
ADVANTAGES
▪ High quality of work can be gotten because the task is done with specific professionals.
▪ Saves time to finish the task because that sub-contractor is only responsible for his task
only so he can finish with in a short time.
Disadvantages we have seen behind.
▪ The workers of the sub-contractor receives command from contractor sides, consultant
side and the sub-contractor sides, this causes demotivation’s in workers.
Solution
▪ The solution for this problem is formulating chain of command between contractors,
consultant and sub-contractors.
INTERNSHIP –MONTHLY REPORT OF OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER 2018 12/06/2018
▪ If the consultant fined a problems then he should inform to the contractor then contractor
to sub-contractor.
The formwork is supplied by the client by his willing for quality play wood 2.2*4.4 2cm
thick with high quality.
Construction methodology.
First we make the internal formwork by placing 3*5 purlin (crachery) to maintain its
squadra because lift is a very sensitive place.
After the inspection of squadra of the purlin and also diagonally, then
Fix the plywood on the crachery .the connection between play woods is done RHS
vertically, which is to avoid bursting of the formwork during concrete pouring.
The formwork is purchased by the client because it is non reusable because it stays there this
is the result of lack of space for plating DPM on the wall.
Therefore we plate the DPM on the play wood then reinforcement of shear wall then after
the building side formwork will be constructed.
INTERNSHIP –MONTHLY REPORT OF OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER 2018 12/06/2018
DPM works
Differ from the above by, it doesn’t need protection board because its outer surface is hard
enough. As they told to us it is used as a floor finish for flat roof (terrace).
3, protection boards
It is differ by ,it is harder and used for protecting the iner DPM.
Construction mechanisms of DPM
Is a water proofing system that the DPM is plated on the side that the water comes before
entering to the structure.
It is protecting the moisture after entering to the structure, most of the time used for repair,
mostly done by DPC (paint) because it will react with the structure so protect dampness
greater than DPM.
o First we paint primer on the structure, to avoid dusts and To make the structure open to
be plated.
o Then the membrane is burned by 6000c acetylene flame.
INTERNSHIP –MONTHLY REPORT OF OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER 2018 12/06/2018
o Plate on the structure, And for slab DPM there is 10cm overlapping length on the sand
side.
Our questions and their responses.
When we are at class, we learnt that when we bend a DPM it should not be 90 0 to protect
the DPM from cut so we should use 450cant strip (wooden or other materials).But in our
site there is 900 bending of a membrane for beams why this happens? The response is;
▪ The DPM in our site is the new one, which have f.f properties;-
200gm of pollster (mesh) exists in between layers which gives elastic properties not
to be cut, although it is bended, but the older one is only bituminized which is
easily damaged.
Hammer the plated membrane by our hand and if it have a sound that means there is an air
space inside so it was not properly work.
Watching the face of the membrane if it became melt or thinner then it means it is over
flamed.
Cylinder inspection
In standard 12kg cylinder acetylene should be used for only 7 members.
So by calculation we can know whether the DPM IS;-
Under flamed: - creates sudden detachment of the membrane form the structure.
Nov 22 2018 Lying of C-15 lean concrete above DPM/ membrane to protect it from
damage
Block formwork construction for G- beam was continued
Laying of DPM/ membrane for beam & slab continued
G-beam reinforcement was started those columns cross at a column three
at ones
Friday We can observed that the following activities:-
Nov 23 2018 Block formwork construction for G- beam was continued
G-beam reinforcement was continued
Laying of C-15 lean concrete for the construction of block formwork & G-
beam with in it.
Abstract 6
The most things that took our attention is the place of overlap between bars;-
In our site top bars of beams overlaps at the center of the beam, which is correct because
top bars have zero tension at the middle .so it is beast place for bar overlapping.
INTERNSHIP –MONTHLY REPORT OF OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER 2018 12/06/2018
Bottom bars
The bottom bars overlapped at 1/3 of the effective span of the beam because it is area of
minimum tension.
Abstract 6
Length effect
Slab
Beam
Quantities that we have done in these two months From October to November
Solution we took
INTERNSHIP –MONTHLY REPORT OF OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER 2018 12/06/2018
▪ As a solution what I have done so far is that I will be around them when they discuss and I
will ask to do what is going to be done by our self or help in the process. They don’t give their
task to let us try but we usually asked for it. And it worked well.
Cravat:-used to protect column from moving and support the from work during filling of
concrete to the column and protect the formwork from opening during vibrating the filled
concrete.
Stanga: - Used to support column by making 45 degree and protect the column from moving
Kebeleto:-which is a piece of bar used for prevent the collapse of negative and positive bar
(sits in between).
Side board…sponda………..used as a formwork for beam and slab at the vertical sides.
Scaffolding...kebelleto. Used support of form work of slab and beam at the bottom.