Friction and friction coefficients Information Site

Assignment of friction classes with guide values to various materials / surfaces and lubrication conditions for threaded
connections according to VDI 2230 (the table applies for room temperature).

Friction coefficient range for Selection of typical examples for

class µG and µK Material / surfaces Lubricants
metallic, bare Solid lubricants like
black coating MoS2, Graphite, PTFE, PA, PE, Pl
phosphated in anti-friction paints as top coats
A 0,04–0,10
galvanic coverings like or in pastes
Zn, Zn/Fe, Zn/Ni Wax melts,
zinc flake coatings Wax dispersions
metallic, bare Solid lubricants like
black coating MoS2, Graphite, PTFE, PA, PE, Pl
phosphated in anti-friction paints as top coats
galvanic coverings like or in pastes
Zn, Zn/Fe, Zn/Ni Wax melts,
zinc flake coatings Wax dispersions, greases
B 0,08–0,16 aluminium and magnesium alloys oils, delivery condition
hot-dip galvanised MoS2; Graphite
Wax dispersions
organic coatings with integrated solid lubricant
or wax dispersion
austentitic steel Solid lubricants or waxes;
pastes
austentitic steel Wax dispersions, pastes
metallic, bare Delivery condition (slightly oiled)
phosphated
C 0,14–0,24 galvanic coverings like without
Zn, Zn/Fe, Zn/Ni
zinc flake coatings
Adhesive
austentitic steel Oil
galvanic coverings like without
D 0,20–0,35
Zn, Zn/Fe
hot-dip galvanised
galvanic coverings like without
Zn/Fe, Zn/Ni
E ≥ 0,30
austentitic steel
aluminium and magnesium alloys
Précontrainte FM [kN]

Good to know
in.
µm

Rp
0,2
0,9 min
Rp .
0,2
The friction values µGes, µG, µK show dispersion It is important for reliable assembly to precise- FM max. min
.

.
ax
m
µ

as they depend on many factors, such as, e.g.
the material pairings, the surface quality (sur-
face roughness), the surface treatment (bare
metal, blackened, galvanised, Dacromet® coat-
ing, etc.) and the type of the lubrication (with/
without oil, molybdenum sulphide, Molykote®
paste, anti-friction coating, etc.). The follow-
ly define the friction conditions and to keep
their dispersion as narrow as possible.
In the case of large dispersion, the preload
force achieved will fluctuate very strongly. In
FM min.
contrast, the usual tolerance of the tightening
torque only has a small influence.
MA max.
MA min.

ing tables show friction coefficients for thread

and contact surfaces.
Couple de serrage MA [Nm]

Approximate values for static friction Material pairing Static friction coefficient in the condition
coefficients µT in the joint according to dry lubricated
VDI 2230 Steel – steel / cast steel 0,1 – 0,23 0,07 – 0,12
Steel – GG (cast iron) 0,12 – 0,24 0,06 – 0,1
GG – GG 0,15 – 0,3 0,2
Bronze – steel 0,12 – 0,28 0,18
GG – Bronze 0,28 0,15 – 0,2
Steel – copper alloy 0,07
Steel – aluminium alloy 0,1 – 0,28 0,05 – 0,18
Aluminium – Aluminium 0,21