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Contents
1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................
1.1 1
1.2 Roadworks
The Project Codes
.................................................................................................................
and Standards ................................................................................. 2 1
1.3 Roadworks Design ...................................................................................................... 2
1.4 Scope of Works for Road Safety Audit ......................................................................... 3
1.5 Approach to Improving Road Safety ............................................................................ 3
1.6 Road Safety Audit Approach for this Project ................................................................ 4
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Annex 6 – Road Safety Audit
1. Introduction
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Annex 6 – Road Safety Audit
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aspects of the Project’s designs reflect current international and Vietnamese standards and
practices for road safety.
This road safety audit of the completed detailed design therefore serves as an audit of the
success of the Highway Design team in meeting this road safety objective.
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The Toolkit is therefore intended primarily to assist road authorities and their consultants
involved in road and highway projects, and has been prepared to provide general advice, a
source of reference on the RSAs, and a Toolkit of information and checklists to facilitate the
application of RSAs on all ADB road and highway projects. The use of the Toolkit and the
introduction of formal RSA systems are strongly recommended.
Within the limitations of the Scope of Works, this road safety audit has been carried out in
accordance with the principles of this recommendation.
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As stated in the introductory paragraph, the initial audit was completed, the findings
handed over to the Project’s Highway Design Team for their information and any necessary
action, and the inclusion of necessary mitigatory or corrective measures in the Final Design
was confirmed.
Table could also have indicated positive road safety impacts of not having any at-grade
intersections – all intersections are grade separated. Also, provision of pedestrian facilities
under the road at frequent intervals, through roads on canal banks, and through box
culverts.
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Locality plan showing road network and general topographic details in the region of
the project
Statement of the design criteria
Relevant traffic demand information
Horizontal and vertical alignment plans
Cross-sections
Grading and drainage plans showing the location and general details of drainage
structures
Bridge layout plans including cross-sections and details of barrier systems
Interchange and intersection layouts
Traffic signing and road marking plans
Street lighting layouts and design information
Landscaping and beautification plans
Plans showing relevant overhead services/utilities
Other documents
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Check for:
34 Number and width of traffic lanes, width of shoulders or emergency Road capacity is considered adequate to provide Level of Service C throughout Stage 1.
stopping lanes Dual 2-lane with future provision for Dual 3-lane. Main bridges Cao Lanh, Lap Vo and Vam Cong are to be
constructed to Dual 3-lane in Stage 1.
Mainline lane width = 3.5m (3.75m in Stage 2); Ramp lane width = 3.5m; At-grade road lane width = 3.5m.
Shoulder width is compliant with standards and criteria.
Emergency stopping lanes are not required and not provided.
35 Median and separator width (where applicable) Mainline median width = 3.0m with kerbs, or 0.6m with conc. median barriers.
Ramp median width = 0.5m
At-grade roads are single carriageway throughout.
36 Batter heights and slopes and guardrail requirement Batter heights (embankment) vary up to approx 5m
Side slopes = 2H : 1V
Guardrails provided at all embankment locations above 4m height. Only guide posts are provided at all
embankment locations between 2m and 4m height. Guide posts are not favoured, especially the rigid type,
and guardrails should be considered instead.
Note: The detailed design team had proposed that guardrails be implemented throughout in Stage 1.
However, a decision had been made at the Project Coordination Committee (PCC) Meeting 2 to provide
guardrails in Stage 1 only at the higher sections of embankment and other locations as required by
Vietnamese standards. The matter of guardrails throughout will be addressed in Stage 2 when the road will
become dual 3-lane expressway standard.
37 Use of correct types of kerbs (avoid barrier kerbs) Half-batter kerbs on mainline (positive drainage) from start of Project to Cao Lanh Bridge and Vam Cong
Bridge to end of Project.
Ramps – half-battered kerb on ‘high’ side only (positive drainage).
At-grade roads – half-batter kerbs on outer edges (positive drainage).
38 The provision of footpaths Mainline – none
Ramps – none
At-grade roads – none
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Check:
44 General layout logic The semi-clover leaf interchange layout is logical, appropriate and consistent.
45 Visibility and sight distance Compliant with standards and criteria subject to detailed checks on as-built condition as mentioned in Item
28 above.
Check the following sight distance criteria applicable at intersections, and
identify any situation where a deficiency is evident:
46 Approach sight distance Adequate but to be rechecked in as-built condition.
47 Entering or crossing sight distance Adequate but to be rechecked in as-built condition.
48 Safe intersection sight distance Adequate but to be rechecked in as-built condition.
49 Sight distance to queued vehicles Adequate but to be rechecked in as-built condition.
50 Sight lines and visibility to traffic signals and signs No traffic signals. Signs to be checked in as-built condition.
At interchanges, check the following additional sight distance criteria:
51 Sight distance to exit nose and "gore" area Adequate but to be rechecked in as-built condition.
52 Sight distance to the entry and merge area Adequate but to be rechecked in as-built condition.
53 Auxiliary lanes and lane continuity Adequate.
54 Protection for "turning" vehicles at important intersections Adequate.
55 Avoidance of "trap" lane arrangements Adequate.
56 Island size and shape Generally compliant with standards and criteria – see following items for detailed observations.
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Check that:
70 Traffic signals proposed only where they are warranted. No traffic signals are provided in this Project.
71 Proposed signal phasing provides adequately for the required traffic (and No traffic signals are provided in this Project.
pedestrian) movements.
72 No unexpected conflict situations arise in the signal phasing, and that No traffic signals are provided in this Project.
special phases for right turn movements are provided where justified.
73 Required "intergreen time" for each phase change is sufficient to allow safe No traffic signals are provided in this Project.
operation.
74 The number and location of signal heads and posts ensure that each No traffic signals are provided in this Project.
separately controlled vehicle movement has at least two (and preferably
three or four) signal heads controlling it and that minimum visibility
requirements are met.
75 Adequate clearances are provided between the face of kerb and the signal No traffic signals are provided in this Project.
head not located in islands and medians too small or narrow to afford the
equipment adequate protection from vehicle impacts.
76 The correct signal size and brightness are provided and that back plates are No traffic signals are provided in this Project.
provided.
77 Pedestrian signal displays and associated "call buttons" are provided at No traffic signals are provided in this Project.
sites where it is expected that pedestrians will cross signal-controlled
roadways.
Audit of Traffic Signing and Road Marking
Traffic Signs
Check that:
78 Traffic signing provides "positive" guidance rather than abstract and Acceptable
indefinite information.
79 Necessary regulatory signs are provided and properly positioned to control, Acceptable
both legally and practically, the movement of traffic along or across the
roadway.
80 Appropriate warning signs are shown on the traffic signing plans. Acceptable
81 Any unnecessary warning signs are identified and removed. Actioned
82 Proposed direction and guide signing (consider "unfamiliar drivers"). Acceptable
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93 Closely spaced short lengths of barrier lining, which may lead drivers into Checked – none exist
unsafe overtaking maneuvers, are identified.
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Check that:
98 The extent of road lighting is appropriate to traffic safety needs of road Road lighting is provided for all interchanges and intersections, toll plazas, bridges greater than 100m
users and identify situations where unlit short lengths of roadway are length. These provisions are appropriate to traffic safety. There are no unlit short lengths of road mixed
mixed with lit sections. with lit sections to an extent that is considered a safety issue.
99 The standard of lighting including uniformity and possible "glare" effects is Lighting levels and uniformity are appropriate.
appropriate to the needs of the traffic situation.
100 Lighting transitions are provided where road lighting ends Adequate.
101 Lighting poles themselves do not constitute a roadside hazard Lighting poles are located on the median and hence do not constitute a hazard.
102 Lighting poles do not significantly obstruct driver sight lines No obstructions identified.
Audit of Roadside Safety Provisions
Check:
103 The provision of a "clear zone" The clear zone is limited to the hard (surfaced) shoulder. The side slopes are not recoverable and hence do
not constitute part of the clear zone.
See Item 36 with respect to guardrail provision.
104 The use of frangible types of road furniture Not readily available and thus not adopted for Stage 1. Should be considered for Stage 2.
105 Guardrail provisions and design details Guardrail design details are adequate. See Item 36 re guardrail provision.
106 Minimum length of guardrail required to ensure that it functions properly Adequate but to be rechecked in as-built condition.
107 Guardrail positioning relative to kerbs and objects being protected Adequate.
108 Bridge ends and guardrail to bridge rail transitions Adequate.
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Check:
116 Lack of footpaths or locations where footpaths are obstructed by posts and No footpaths are provided. Pedestrian traffic is actively discouraged. This policy needs to be strongly
other road furniture reinforced by highway operators and the relevant authorities. See Item 6 above.
117 Lack of kerb ramps or "dropped kerbs" at crossing points particularly at Not applicable - No signalized intersections on this Project.
signalized intersections
118 Lack of specific crossing facilities such as signalized crossings, refuge island, No at-grade pedestrian crossings. There are numerous pedestrian crossing facilities that are provided under
zebra crossings, or grade separations where warranted the bridges where provision for the crossing roads are made. Also see Items 6 and 116 above.
119 Lack of specific pedestrian signal heads and signal phasing at locations Not applicable - No signalized intersections on this Project.
where there is significant nighttime pedestrian activity; Pedestrian use of the Project road is discouraged and no specific crossing provisions are made, whether at
Insufficient space for pedestrian refuge on traffic islands, medians, etc. traffic islands or elsewhere. Also see Items 6 and 116 above.
120 Traffic management and devices to enable pedestrians to cross wide No at-grade pedestrian crossings are provided. Also see Items 6 and 116 above.
roadways with continuous uninterrupted traffic flows
Motorcycles
Check:
121 Horizontal and vertical alignment and sight distances, appropriate to the Adequate.
expected operating speed
122 Cross-section standards, which provide adequate width of lanes or Dedicated motorcycle lanes are not provided, except over Cao Lanh and Vam Cong Bridges.
roadway for motorcyclists
123 Appropriate clearances to roadside objects, merge and diverge Areas Adequate.
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