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HiperMAX
Overview and Documentation
Structure Guide
Acknowledgements
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Table of Contents
Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................. 3
Copyright ................................................................................................................................................. 3
2 Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 9
Summary of Figures
Figure 1 – WiMAX Network Reference Model ........................................................................................ 9
Summary of Tables
Table 1 – Documentation Structure ...................................................................................................... 30
1.1 Purpose
This guide provides an introduction, description and documentation structure for the HiperMAX
Product. The high-level topics in this document include:
1.3 Conventions
This document uses the following informational conventions.
Icon Description
Checkpoint: Marks a point in the workflow where there may be an exit or branch
to some other procedure. At each Checkpoint the reason for an exit or branch is
given along with specific directions to locate the entry point in the other
procedure.
Caution: Describes a possible risk and how to lessen or avoid the risk.
2 Introduction
This section provides a descriptive overview of the product and its place in the product suite.
2.1.1 HiperMAX
As highly flexible and scalable WiMAX Base Stations, the HiperMAX ATCA and HiperMAX-micro are
capable of supporting Mobile WiMAX and Fixed WiMAX profiles across multiple frequency bands.
HiperMAX ATCA and SDR-micro are macro-cell base stations with a split indoor / outdoor architecture
designed to support multiple transceivers and smart antenna techniques. They are base-station
solutions optimised for supporting high availability WiMAX services through various levels of system
element redundancy.
HiperMAX is part of the ASN. The ASN consists of WiMAX Base Stations and the ASN Gateway
(GW), and from a business perspective is assumed to be owned by the Network Access Provider
(NAP).
3 HiperMAX-System Components
3.1 HiperMAX ATCA Hardware Components
The HiperMAX Base station is optimised for traditional multi-sector macro-cell deployments consisting
of a baseband section, suitable for location within a protected environment, and an outdoor RF
section. The system will therefore operate from existing macro-cell sites, used in traditional cellular
deployments. The indoor boards, referred to as blades within the ATCA standard, are housed in an
ATCA chassis. The outdoor enclosure contains the RF subsystem components, which enables smart
antenna functionality running on a Software Defined Radio (SDR).
The connection between the indoor and outdoor equipment is achieved through a fibre-optical cable
and separate power feed.
The all outdoor HiperMAX-micro consists of split baseband and RF sections connected via a fibre
interface, but with all power supply and synchronisation functionality housed within a single SDR-
micro enclosure. This form factor is particularly well suited to low density micro-cell sites where
access to a temperature-controlled room is not possible or preferred, e.g. a building rooftop.
Management via third-party SNMP management tool, which uses standard WiMAX MIB.
Netspan network management, which is based on the Microsoft .NET Framework, uses
standard WiMAX MIB and delivers support for 1) distributed server architecture, 2) full system
configuration and OAM activities, 3) SNMP API.
The Netspan server supports an SQL database for configuration and alarm storage with an option for
third-party access directly to the database via SNMP. The client(s) are accessed by way of current
web browsers and connects to the server via IP.
One or more SDR boards, executing the WiMAX PHY and MAC layers
The HiperMAX BS consists of an indoor unit and outdoor antennas. The indoor boards are housed in
a 14-slot dual star Advanced Telecom Computing Architecture (ATCA) chassis for HiperMax
configurations. 5-slot ATCA chassis are available for smaller systems. The ATCA chassis is
designed to mount directly into a 19 inch rack. Brackets are required to mount in an ETSI rack. The
14slot chassis is 13U high.
The 5 slot chassis uses 6U ATCA equipment chassis with 5 slot shelf/backplane powered from an
external -48vdc supply.
The backplane provides 3 payload slots for HiperMAX SDR blades, 2 slots for Ethernet switch blades
and 2 dedicated shelf manager slots.
air filter
The 5 slot chassis uses 6U ATCA equipment chassis with 5 slot shelf/backplane powered from an
external -48vdc supply.
The backplane provides 3 payload slots for HiperMAX SDR blades, 2 slots for Ethernet switch blades
and 2 dedicated shelf manager slots.
air filter
The 5 slot chassis uses 6U Asis equipment chassis with 5 slot shelf/backplane powered from an
external -48vdc supply.
Five slots
The Fabric Interface grid consists of eight differential pairs per channel.
The Base Interface grid consists of four differential pairs per channel.
10, 100 and 1000 BASE-T dual star Base Interconnect capability.
Connection capacity for up to five third-party ATCA-compliant front boards, as well as to the
redundant Shelf Manager Board and redundant Power entry module units.
Shelf Manager slot on the ATCA Backplane. Base Interface Channel 1 of Logical Slot 2 is
routed to the right dedicated Shelf Manager slot on the ATCA Backplane.
There are no active components on the backplane, and no removable or serviceable parts on the
backplane board excluding the ID E²proms.
The backplane has two functionally-distinct parts: right and centre left:
Right backplane (consists of Zone 1 connectors) – dual-power connections, which means the
power connections from the Power supplies are independently supplied to each module
plugged into the backplane. The modules also include fuses that protect the backplane power
connections from an electrical short on a module.
Centre left backplane (consists of Zone 2 connectors) – connectivity for the Base, Fabric, and
update-channel interface. This portion supports a full-mesh topology for both the Base and
the Fabric interfaces.
The GPS Receiver GPSR-R-19-1 consists of a 19” rack mounted enclosure housing a GPS receiver
module and a signal distribution board. The unit outputs two 10MHz and 1pps clock synchronisation
signals. It is powered by external 48V supply with redundancy.
The GPS receiver provides an accurate frequency derived from the Coarse Acquisition Link 1 signals
transmitted by the Navstar Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites. The GPS input is used as the
reference for the tracking function. When no valid input reference is available, the GPS receiver
enters hold-over mode and holds its output frequency to the one that was available just before the
loss of the input.
The receiver:
Communicates by a serial port (RS-232C) with the SDR Blade for alarm reporting and
equipment control.
There are four fibre ports per SDR blade. Each transceiver is connected to one port via a fibre optic
cable. Currently two OBSAI links can be active at any time; the other two links are for redundancy.
There can be up to 12 SDR blades per shelf in 14-slot configuration. There is a separate power feed
for each transceiver.
The Ethernet switch cards located in the two centre slots. It is housed on a single ATCA blade used to
consolidate Ethernet traffic from all SDR blades in an ATCA chassis. This single network Gigabit
Ethernet connection is then available for presentation into the backhaul equipment, or IP core network.
It can also be configured such that management traffic is presented on a physically separate Ethernet
port.
This solution is a platform for full redundancy switching across the ATCA backplane and removes the
need for unreliable patch connections from SDRs to a separate switch. It is also managed by Netspan
as an integral part of the HiperMAX base station. It is aimed at “carrier class” operators wanting a fully
integrated multi-sector solution.
For smaller systems, a separate rack mount Ethernet switch can be used connected to the SDR
Blades via their front panel Ethernet connections. This is a low cost alternative to the ATCA Ethernet
Switch for small HiperMAX configurations and as such, has the following limitations:
Ethernet Patch Cables required connecting to SDR front panels (not supplied)
Outdoor environmentally protected enclosure housing the Software Defined Radio (SDR),
optional GPS receiver for network synchronisation and Mains PSU powering up to 2 SCRTs.
The HiperMAX-micro Software Defined Radio (SDR) is typically designed for rooftop or pole mounted
deployment. The use of separate antennas enables transmit and receive gain diversity techniques to
be utilized, which increases link budget capability. The HiperMAX-micro supports both 802.16-2004
“Fixed WiMAX” system profiles for fixed and nomadic applications, as well as providing a platform for
future software upgrades to support WiMAX 802.16e-2005 “Mobile WiMAX” system profiles for
portable and mobile applications.
The baseband sub-system, used within the HiperMAX-micro Base station, uses the same technology
as the baseband blade fitted within the HiperMAX Base station.
through the simple process of upgrading the system software. The PHY processing is implemented
using picoChip technology, and the MAC is implemented within two PowerPC processors.
The GPS receiver is a factory fit option and is part of the SDR-micro. It is used to synchronize Tx &
Rx timing between base stations in order to avoid unwanted “hub-to-hub” interference seen with TDD
systems.
The Single Channel Radio Transceiver (SCRT) consists of a Masthead RF unit and an Antenna.
Usually the Antenna is mounted on the front of the SCRT, and both are mounted on a pole,
alternatively the SCRT may be mounted on a plate; both the pole and plate are not provided by
Airspan.
The RF subsystem contains two RF, LNA and PA modules for transmit and receive, which can
provide either two individually distinguishable sectors (in a future software release) or a single sector
with diversity. The RF subsystem connects directly to the baseband module. The SCRT subsystem
connects to the SDR using fibre optic cable.
In normal use the antenna is mounted on the front of the SCRT but antennas are available to mount
independently of the SCRTs with short lengths of coaxial cable to connect the two. Antennas are also
available, for specific bands and sector angle, which mount directly on the front of the SCRT.
For details of antennas for each frequency see the Airspan Product Catalog
The HiperMAX-micro is optimised for sector antennas. Omni antennas are not
suitable when running Tx and Rx Diversity techniques in order to extend system
link budget.
It is not valid to deploy a mix of vertical and horizontally polarised antennas when
targeting indoor non-LOS CPE.
5 Documentation Structure
HiperMAX is supported by a set of user documents as set in the table below. Each document is
designed to address the different stages in the design and deployment of HiperMAX and HiperMAX-
micro.