CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

Counselling is a talking therapy that involves a trained therapist listening

to you and helping you find ways to deal with emotional issues.

Guidance counseling, by name counseling and guidance, the process of

helping individuals discover and develop their educational, vocational, and psychological

potentialities and thereby to achieve an optimal level of personal happiness and social

usefulness. The concept of counseling is essentially democratic in that the assumptions

underlying its theory and practice are, first, that each individual has the right to shape his

own destiny and, second, that the relatively mature and experienced members of the

community are responsible for ensuring that each person’s choice shall serve both his own

interests and those of society. It is implicit in the philosophy of counseling that these

objectives are complementary rather than conflicting. The function of those who guide

children and young people is not to affect a compromise between the requirements of

individuals on the one hand and the demands of the community on the other. It is rather to

orient the individual toward those opportunities afforded by his environment that can best

guarantee the fulfillment of his personal needs and aspirations.

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 Guidance, in this sense, is a pervasive activity in which many persons and

organizations take part. It is afforded to individuals by their parents, relatives, and friends

and by the community at large through various educational, industrial, social, religious,

and political agencies and, particularly, through the press and broadcasting services. A part

of such guidance may be the giving of information that enables others to increase the scope

of their exploratory behavior. The guidance counselor, for example, may provide

information about a person’s own abilities and interests as determined by psychological

tests or about educational opportunities and the requirements of various occupations. The

competent counselor does not attempt to solve people’s problems for them, however; the

counselor tries instead to clarify the person’s own thinking. (Britannica.com)

Guidance refers to an advice and a relevant piece of information provided

by a superior, to resolve a problem or overcome from difficulty. Guidance and counseling

refers to the services that promote personal, social, educational, and career development.

Guidance counseling attends to the needs of students, parents, professional associates and

the community. Counselors dedicate their energy or time and skills to provide both direct

and indirect support to students through inclusive and evidence-based approaches

Counseling refers to a professional advice given by a counselor and an

individual to help him in overcoming from personal or psychological problems. The

counseling situation arises when a needy person is face to face with expert who makes

available his assistance to the needy individual to fulfill his needs. (Becker 2017)

Counselling is the service offered to the individual who is undergoing a

problem and needs professional help to overcome it. The problem keeps him disturbed high

strung and under tension and unless solved his development is hampered or stunted.

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 Counseling therefore is a more specialized service requiring training in

personality development and handling exceptional groups of individuals.

According to Willey and Andrew Counseling involves two individuals one skeeking help

and other a professionally trained person helped solved problems to orient and direct him

to words a goal. Which needs to his maximum development and growth?

Counseling services are therefore required for individuals having

developmental problems because of the handicap they suffer in any area of emotional either

because of hereditary factors or environment conditions.

Generally, such cases are only about five to seven percent in a population

and therefore counseling is required only for such a small number. As compared to

guidance which is for percent of individuals. Counseling involves a lot of time for the client

to unfold the problem, gain an insight in to the complex situation.

Counseling techniques involve active listening, emphatic understanding

releasing the pent-up feelings confronting the client and so on counseling therefore is

offered to only those individuals who are under serious problem and need professional help

to overcome it. (http://teachereducationguidanceandcounsellin.blogspot.com)

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 SAYAW AETA:
A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH ON THE CULTURAL DANCE
OF AETA COMMUNITY IN BARANGAY BIAAN
MARIVELES, BATAAN

____________________

A Research
Presented to the Faculty of
Mariveles National High School
Camaya Campus in Mariveles, Bataan

____________________

In partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Track

Humanities and Social Sciences

____________________

By:

NASRIMA C. HADJI ABDULLAH

JENELYN MAE V. ZAPATERO
MAY ANN P. MACEDA
APRIL JOY M. GABAY
ELLAINE G. GABUYA

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REYCEL JANE YCOY
ELLEN MAY PEGA
December 10, 2018

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