FAQ ON LAW ENFORCEMENT AND TRAFFIC ADJUDICATION SYSTEM (LETAS)

1. What is TOP?
TOP means Temporary Operator’s Permit. Pursuant to Memorandum Circular No. 515-2004 dated 25 May 2004, TOP shall be used in apprehension of all
violations and it is strictly required to be issued to the apprehended driver/operator at the site and time of apprehension.

2. What is an IRMV?
IRMV means Impounding Receipt of Motor Vehicle. It is issued if the motor vehicle was impounded. IRMV is accomplished by the apprehending officer and
validated by the Motor Vehicle Custodian (MVC) assigned at the impounding area.

3. Can TOP be temporarily used as a driver’s license of the apprehended operator/driver?

Yes. TOP serves as driver’s temporary license within 72 hours or 3 days only.

4. How many days is the validity of the TOP?

72 hours or 3 days is the validity of the TOP, unless specified for a shorter period of time.

5. Can TOP be extended after 72 hours or 3 days after its validity?

No. There is no extension of TOP after 72 hours or 3 days.

6. When can an apprehended operator/driver settle his case?

An apprehended operator/driver can settle his case within 15 days from the date of apprehension provided the apprehension is reported and encoded in the
LTO-IT system.

7. What will happen if the apprehended operator/driver failed to settle his case within 15 days from the date of apprehension?
If the apprehended driver/operator failed to settle his case within 15 days from the date of apprehension, it will cause the suspension/revocation of his driver’s
license.

8. Where will the apprehended operator/driver settle his case? Can he settle his case in any LTO Regional/District Office?
The place of settlement of apprehension is indicated in the TOP (middle portion). Not all apprehended operator/driver is allowed to settle his case in any
LTO Regional/District Office. IF he was apprehended within Metro Manila, he will appear at the LTO Traffic Adjudication Service (TAS), Central Office, East
Avenue, Quezon City to settle his case. But, if he was apprehended in other LTO Regional/District Offices, he will appear at the concerned LTO Operations
Division as specified in his TOP.

Note: An apprehended operator/driver may settle his case in any LTO Regional/District Office IF his violation/s is included in the list of the “LETAS
SETTLE ANYWHERE”. The Traffic Adjudication Service (TAS) / Operations Division may determine it through the LTO-IT system.

9. How does the apprehended operator/driver determine the amount of the fines/penalties as well as the accessory penalties of the violation/s indicated in
the TOP?
The corresponding amount of the fines/penalties as well as the accessory penalties are determined by the Traffic Adjudication Service based on the violations
specified in the TOP and through the LTO-IT system.
10. What is an Admitted Case?
An admitted case is a case wherein the apprehended operator/driver admits the violation/s cited in his TOP.

11. Can the apprehended operator/driver protest the violations charged/cited in his TOP to deny the violations and/or to lessen the payment of the
fines/penalties?
Yes. An apprehended operator/driver may protest the violations specified in the TOP. This is a contested case.

12. What is a Contested Case?

A contested case is a case wherein the apprehended operator/driver signifies his intension to oppose to the violations indicated in the TOP. It should be acted
upon with dispatch by preparing the summons both for the apprehending officer and respondent. The apprehending officer shall have been summoned at least
once with proof of service for clarification purposes. Violation/s listed in the TOP and/or encoded in the LTO-IT system shall be dropped/dismissed provided that
the apprehended driver/operator presents sufficient documentary evidence to warrant its dismissal and/or if the violations cited in the TOP are interrelated or
common.

Example:
Common violations - Obstruction and Disregarding Traffic Sign (DTS)
Interrelated violations – Out of Line and Breach of Franchise and No Panel Route Painted

13. Can the confiscated items such as the driver’s license and/or motor vehicle plates be immediately released to the apprehended operator/driver after the
payment of the fines/penalties?
Yes.The confiscated items may be immediately released after the payment of the corresponding fines/penalties provided that there is no accessory penalty/s
and/or suspension indicated in the Resolution and/or Judgment.
Example:
If the apprehended operator/driver is required to attend the seminar/exam before the release of the confiscated items, the accessory penalty is
the seminar/exam.

14. Can the impounded motor vehicle be immediately released by the apprehended operator/driver after the payment of the fines/penalties?
Yes.The motor vehicle may be released after the payment of the corresponding fines/penalties provided that there is no accessory penalty/s and/or suspension
stipulated in the Resolution and/or Judgment.
Example:
If the violation is unregistered motor vehicle, the operator/driver is required to surrender first the two (2) motor vehicle license plates before the release of the
apprehended unit.The accessory penalty is to register the motor vehicle before the release of the surrendered plates.

15. Who will determine as to when will the apprehended operator/driver pay the accessory fine of One Thousand Five Hundred (P/1,500.00) pesos per day
for the violation of Colorum or Out of Line?
Based on Department Order No. 2008-039, the accessory fine of one thousand five hundred (P/1,500.00) pesos per day applies only to impounded motor
vehicles (issued IRMV) with violation of Colorum or Out of Line. The Traffic Adjudication Service (TAS)/Operations Division determine the accessory fine of
P/1,500.00 pesos per day.Collection of the said accessory fine covers the period from the time the apprehension case was encoded in the LTO-IT system (Posting
Date) until the settlement of the case.
16. What is Technical Impounding?
Technical impounding is the confiscation of both the driver’s license and the two (2) motor vehicle license plates at the time of apprehension instead of
impounding the motor vehicle.

17. Is the accessory fine of One Thousand Five Hundred (P/1,500.00) pesos per day also applies to Technical Impounding?
No.The accessory fine of one thousand five hundred (P/1,500.00) pesos per day does not apply to technical impounding.

18. When will a suspension of a confiscated item such as driver’s license and/or motor vehicle plate/s be lifted in order to be released?
The confiscated item/s shall only be released after serving the required suspension.
Example:
Colorum (1st offense) violation - driver’s license and motor vehicle plates will be suspended for three (3) months.

19. Do all apprehended operator/driver required to attend/undergo the seminar and exam?
No.Not all apprehended operator/driver is required to attend/undergo the seminar and exam. Seminar and exam is an accessory penalty and only apprehended
operator/driver who committed running violations such as but not limited to Disregarding Traffic Sign (DTS), Reckless, Obstruction, Illegal Parking, etc…. and
private or for hire motor vehicles are required to undergo the seminar and exam.

20. What is an LES Clearance?

An LES Clearance or Law Enforcement Clearance is a Certification issued by the LTO Law Enforcement Clearance Unit to the operator and/or authorized
liaison officer/personnel.

21. When is an LES Clearance required?

LES Clearance is required only in securing duplicate motor vehicle license plate/s and windshield stickers/year tags.

22. Does an LES Clearance apply to private and for hire motor vehicles?
LES Clearance applies only to for hire motor vehicles.

23. Is an LES Clearance a requirement in securing a duplicate Driver’s License (DL) /Official Receipt (OR) / Certificate of Registration (CR)?
No. An LES Clearance is not a requirement in securing a duplicate DL/OR/CR.

SETTLEMENT OF ADMITTED CASE (MOTOR VEHICLE (MV) / PLATE)

Requirements

1. Temporary Operator’s Permit (TOP) – pink copy Note: If TOP was lost, secure an Affidavit of Loss TOP
2. Photocopy of Certificate of Registration (CR) of the motor vehicle
3. Photocopy of Official Receipt (OR) of the motor vehicle
4. If the vehicle is For Hire, Unit Verification from the Land Transportation Franchising & Regulatory Board (LTFRB) and Photocopy of Decision and/or
Certificate of Public Convenience (CPC)
 5. Resolution and/or Judgment from the Traffic Adjudication Service (TAS)
6. Official Receipt of payment of fines and penalties
7. Other pertinent documents / certification such as Motor Vehicle Inspection Report (MVIR) and Certificate of Emission Compliance (CEC)

If the apprehension is less than Proceed to the

fifteen (15) days, a “Resolution” Cashier to pay the
Present the issued
and/or “Judgment” shall be corresponding fines
TOP
issued to the driver duly signed and penalties.
by the Evaluator.

Note: if it is more than fifteen (15) days,

the transaction shall pass through the
Hearing Officer and a “Resolution” and/or “
Judgment” shall be issued duly signed by
the Approving Officer.
Proceed to the Law
Enforcement Custodial
Section/Releasing
Officer to redeem
the confiscated motor
vehicle plate/s
Procedure

1. Present the issued TOP (pink copy) together with all other pertinent documents to the Evaluator.
If the apprehension is less than fifteen (15) days, a “Resolution” and/or “Judgment” shall be issued to the driver duly signed by the Evaluator.
But, if it is more than fifteen (15) days, the transaction shall pass through the Hearing Officer and a “Resolution” and/or “Judgment” shall be issued duly signed
by the Approving Officer.
2. Proceed to the Cashier to pay the corresponding fines and penalties.
3. Proceed to the Law Enforcement Custodial Section/Releasing Officer to redeem the confiscated motor vehicle plate/s. Submit the following documents:

a. Temporary Operator’s Permit (TOP) – pink copy

b. Resolution/Judgment
c. Official Receipt of payment of fines and penalties
d. Photocopy of the OR/CR of the motor vehicle
e. Certificate of Attendance (Seminar/Exam result) – if the violation committed was a running/moving violation
Note: If the violation committed was a running/moving violation such as but not limited to Disregarding Traffic Sign (DTS), Reckless, Obstruction, Illegal Parking,
etc., proceed to the Road Safety Training Seminar, Traffic Safety Division / Seminar Room to attend a seminar and undergo a written examination prior to the
release of the confiscated motor vehicle plates. It is usually required to eliminate the side effects. Only those who passed the said examination will be issued a
“Certificate of Attendance” which is required in the redemption of the confiscated motor vehicle plate/s.

f.Motor Vehicle Inspection Report (MVIR)(if the violation committed has an accessory penalty which is a motor vehicle related)

 If the violation committed has an accessory penalty which is a motor vehicle related, e.g. violation is no seatbelt installed and broken windshield, the
driver / operator is required to correct the said defects.
 After the correction of defects, the apprehended unit shall be submitted to the Motor Vehicle Inspection Center (MVIC) for inspection wherein an MVIR
shall be issued to the driver / operator.

Venue

 LTO Central Office (Main Office) – Traffic Adjudication Service (TAS)

 LTO National Capital Region (NCR) – Operations Division
 Other LTO Regional Offices – Operations Division
 Any LTO District Office – if apprehended in other Regions

Fines and Penalties

(Please Click Here for the Table of Fines and Penalties)

SETTLEMENT OF ADMITTED CASE (DRIVER’S LICENSE (DL))

Requirements

1. Temporary Operator’s Permit (TOP) – pink copy Note: If TOP was lost, secure an Affidavit of Loss TOP
2. Resolution and/or Judgment from the Traffic Adjudication Service (TAS)
3. Official Receipt of payment of fines and penalties
4. Certificate of Attendance – Seminar/Examination
5. Other pertinent documents / certification such as photocopy of Official Receipt (OR) and Certificate of Registration (CR).
1. Present the issued TOP (pink copy) together with all other pertinent documents to the Evaluator.
If the apprehension is less than fifteen (15) days, a “Resolution” and/or “Judgment” shall be issued to the driver duly signed by the Evaluator.
But, if it is more than fifteen 15) days, the transaction shall pass through the Hearing Officer and a “Resolution” and/or “Judgment” shall be issued duly signed
by the
Approving Officer.
2. Proceed to the Cashier to pay the corresponding fines and penalties.
3. Proceed to the Law Enforcement Custodial Section/Releasing Officer to redeem the confiscated Driver’s License. Submit the following documents:

a.Temporary Operator’s Permit (TOP) – pink copy

b. Resolution/Judgment
c. Official Receipt of payment of fines and penalties
d.Certificate of Attendance (Seminar/Exam result) – if the violation committed was a running/moving violation

Note: If the violation committed was a running/moving violation such as but not limited to Disregarding Traffic Sign (DTS), Reckless, Obstruction, Illegal Parking,
etc., proceed to the Road Safety Training Seminar, Traffic Safety Division / Seminar Room to attend a seminarand the written examination prior to the release of
the confiscated driver’s license.Only those who passed the said examination will be issued a “Certificate of Attendance” which is required in the redemption of
the confiscated driver’s license.

Venue
 LTO Central Office (Main Office) – Traffic Adjudication Service (TAS)
 LTO National Capital Region (NCR) – Operations Division
 Other LTO Regional Offices – Operations Division
 Any LTO District Office – if apprehended in other Regions

Fines and Penalties

(Please Click Here for the Table of Fines and Penalties)

SETTLEMENT OF CONTESTED CASE (MOTOR VEHICLE (MV) / PLATE)

Requirements
Temporary Operator’s Permit (TOP) – pink copy Note: If TOP was lost, secure an Affidavit of Loss TOP
1. Photocopy of Certificate of Registration (CR) of the motor vehicle
2. Photocopy of Official Receipt (OR) of the motor vehicle
3. If the vehicle is For Hire, Unit Verification from the Land Transportation Franchising & Regulatory Board (LTFRB) and Photocopy of Decision and/or
Certificate of Public Convenience (CPC)
4. Resolution and/or Judgment from the Traffic Adjudication Service (TAS)
5. Official Receipt of payment of fines and penalties
6. Other pertinent documents / certification such as Motor Vehicle Inspection Report (MVIR) and Certificate of Emission Compliance (CEC).

Procedure
1. Present the issued TOP (pink copy) together with all other pertinent documents to the Evaluator.
2. A “Notice of Hearing” duly signed by the Hearing Officer, shall be issued to the driver/operator indicating the date and time (Schedule) of the “Hearing”.

SETTLEMENT OF IMPOUNDABLE VIOLATION (Impounded Motor Vehicle)

Requirements
1. Original copy of Impounding Receipt of Motor Vehicle (IRMV) Note: If IRMV was lost, secure an Affidavit of Loss IRMV
2. Temporary Operator’s Permit (TOP) – pink copy Note: If TOP was lost, secure an Affidavit of Loss TOP
3. Resolution and/or Judgment from the Traffic Adjudication Service (TAS)
4. Official Receipt of payment of fines and penalties
5. Original and photocopy of Certificate of Registration (CR) of the motor vehicle
6. Original and photocopy of Official Receipt (OR) of the motor vehicle
7. Stencil of the engine and chassis number of the motor vehicle – validated by the motor vehicle custodian and/or impounding officer
8. If the vehicle is For Hire, Unit Verification from the Land Transportation Franchising & Regulatory Board (LTFRB) and Photocopy of Decision and/or
Certificate of Public Convenience (CPC)
9. Other pertinent documents / certification such as Motor Vehicle Inspection Report (MVIR).

Procedure
1. Present the issued TOP (pink copy) and the IRMV, together with all other pertinent documents to the Evaluator.
2. A “Resolution” and/or “Judgment” shall be issued to the driver duly signed by the Approving Officer.
3. Proceed to the Cashier to pay the corresponding fines and penalties.
4. Proceed to the Law Enforcement Custodial Section (LECS) / Releasing Officer for approval of the release of impounded motor vehicle and to redeem
other confiscated items. Submit the following documents:

a. Impounding Receipt of Motor Vehicle (IRMV)

b. Temporary Operator’s Permit (TOP) – pink copy
c. Resolution/Judgment
 d. Official Receipt of payment of fines and penalties
e. Photocopy of the OR/CR of the motor vehicle
f. Stencil of the engine and chassis number of the motor vehicle – validated by the motor vehicle custodian and/or impounding officer
g. Certificate of Attendance (Seminar/Exam result) - if the violation committed was a running/moving violation

Note: If the violation committed was a running violation such as but not limited to Disregarding Traffic Sign (DTS), Reckless, Obstruction, Illegal Parking, etc.,
proceed to the Road Safety Training Seminar, Traffic Safety Division / Seminar Room to attend a seminarand undergo a written examination prior to the release
of the impounded motor vehicle and confiscated driver’s license/plates.Only those who passed the said examination will be issued a “Certificate of Attendance”
which is required in the release of the driver’s license/mv plates.

h. Motor Vehicle Inspection Report (MVIR) (if the violation committed has an accessory penalty which is a motor vehicle related)

 If the violation committed by the apprehended driver has an accessory penalty which is a motor vehicle related, e.g. violation is no seatbelt installed and
broken windshield, the driver/owner is required to surrender the two (2) motor vehicle plates to the Law Enforcement Plate Releasing Unit (LEPRU)
before the release of the impounded unit because there is a need to correct the defects cited in the IRMV/TOP/Resolution.
 Correction of defects (as indicated in the IRMV/TOP/Resolution) shall be done after the apprehended unit was released from the LTO Impounding Area.
Said unit shall be submitted to the Motor Vehicle Inspection Center (MVIC) for inspection where an MVIR shall be issued to the driver / operator. This
shall be presented to the LECS for the release of the motor vehicle plate/s.

Venue
 LTO Central Office (Main Office) – Traffic Adjudication Service (TAS)
 LTO National Capital Region (NCR) – Operations Division
 Other LTO Regional Offices – Operations Division
 Any LTO District Office – if apprehended in other Regions

List of Traffic Violations, Penalties and Fees

A comprehensive list of all Violations, Fines and Penalties as mandated by Land Transportation Office (LTO) and Department of Transportation and
Communications (DOTC) under Joint Administrative Order No. 2014-01 that took effect last June 2014. Please be guided accordingly.
VIOLATION FINE (IN PHILIPPINE PESO) / PENALTY

I. Violations in Connection with Licensing

a. Driving without Driver’s License ₱ 3,000
This includes driving with an expired, revoked, suspended, inappropriate driver’s In addition, the unlicensed or improperly licensed driver shall be
license restriction code, inappropriate driver’s license classification, fake driver’s disqualified from being granted a driver’s license and driving a motor
license, tourist driving a motor vehicle with a valid foreign driver’s license beyond the vehicle for a period of one (1) year from the payment of the fine.
90-day maximum allowable period and a student driver driving without being
accompanied by a duly licensed driver.
b. Driving a Motor Vehicle Used in the Commission of a Crime Upon Conviction by a
Regular Court of Competent Jurisdiction
c. Commission of a Crime in the Course of Apprehension Upon Conviction by a
Regular Court of Competent Jurisdiction
d. Driving a Motor Vehicle While Under the Influence of Alcohol, Dangerous Drugs
and/or Similar Substance Upon Final Conviction by a Regular Court of Competent
Jurisdiction (Section 12, R.A. 10586)
e. Reckless Driving / Driving Above The Speed Limit
No person shall operate a motor vehicle on any highway recklessly or without
reasonable caution considering the width, traffic, grades, crossing, curvatures, visibility
and other conditions of the highway and the conditions of the atmosphere and
weather, or so to endanger the property of the safety or rights of any person or so as
to cause excessive or unreasonable damage to the highway.
₱ 10,000
In addition, the driver’s license shall be confiscated, and
upon conviction for the crime, revoked and the driver shall be
perpetually disqualified from being granted a driver’s license and
driving a motor vehicle.
The motor vehicle driven by the violator shall likewise be impounded
until ordered to be released by a regular court of competent
jurisdiction after payment of appropriate finesand penalties.
₱ 10,000In addition, the driver’s license shall be confiscated, and
revoked upon convictionfor the crime. The driver shall be
disqualified from being granted driver’s license for a period of 5
years counted from the date of payment of appropriate fines and
penalties.
The motor vehicle driven by the violator shall likewise be impounded
until ordered to be released by a regular court of competent
jurisdiction after payment of appropriate finesand penalties.
₱ 3,000In addition to the finesand penalties prescribed by law:
The non-professional driver’s license of the person shall be
confiscated and suspended for a period of twelve (12) months for
the first conviction and perpetually revoked for the
second conviction.
The suspension above shall commence upon the payment of the
appropriate fines and penalties.
The professional driver’s license of the person shall also be
confiscated and perpetually revoked for the first conviction.
The perpetual revocation of a driver’s license shall disqualify the
person from being granted any kind of driver’s license thereafter.
₱ 2,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 3,000 (2nd Offense)
₱ 10,000 (Subsequent Offense)In addition, the driver’s license shall
be suspended for a period of three (3) months for the second
offense and six (6) months for the third offense from payment of
fine and revocation of driver’s license on the succeeding offense.A
revoked non- professionaldriver shall be disqualified from being
granted a driver’s license for a period of two (2) years counted from
date of revocation.
A revoked professional drivershall be perpetually disqualified
 from getting any driver’s license.
f. Submission of Fake Documents in Relation to the Application for a Driver’s License ₱ 3,000
(New/Renewal) In addition, the driver’s license shall be put on alarm, revoked and
the driver shall be disqualified from being granted a driver’s license
and driving a motor vehicle for a period of one (1) year from the
payment of the fine, without prejudice to the filing of
appropriate criminal charges.
g.1 Failure to Wear the Prescribed Seat Belt DeviceThis includes allowing a child 6 ₱ 1,000 (1st Offense)
years old and below to be seated on the front passenger seat. ₱ 2,000 (2nd Offense)
₱ 5,000 (3rd Offense)In addition, the driver’s license shall be
suspended for a period of one (1) week from the payment of the
fine, for the third and each succeeding offense.
g.2 Failure to Require His/Her Passenger/s to Wear the Prescribed Seat Belt Device ₱ 3,000(Both the Driver and Operator are liable to pay the fine for
Includes Public Utility Vehicles failure to post appropriate signage’s instructing front every violation)
seat passenger to wear seat-belts when inside the vehicle.
h. Failure to Wear the Standard Protective Motorcycle Helmet or Failure to Require ₱ 1,500 (1st Offense)
the Back Rider to Wear the Standard Protective Motorcycle Helmet ₱ 3,000 (2nd Offense)
Wearing a helmet with a fake Philippine standard (PS) or Import Commodity Clearance ₱ 5,000 (3rd Offense)
(IIC) sticker shall be tantamount to riding a moving motorcycle without wearing a ₱ 10,000 (Fourth and Succeeding Offenses)
helmet.
i. Failure to Carry Driver’s License, Certificate of Registration or Official Receipt While ₱ 1,000
Driving a Motor Vehicle
j. All Other Violations of Traffic Rules and RegulationsThis includes the following ₱ 1,000
traffic violations:
1. Parking:
a. in an intersection ; b.within 5 meters of the intersection ; c.4 meters from the
driveway entrance ; d.within 4 meters from a fire hydrant ; e.in front of a private
driveway; f. On the roadway side of any unmoving or parked MV at the curb or edge
of the highway; g.at any place where signs of prohibitions have been installed
2. Disregarding Traffic Signs
3. Allowing passengers on top or cover of a motor vehicle except of a truck helper
4. Failure to provide canvas cover to cargoes or freight of trucks requiring the same
5. Permitting passenger to ride on running board, step board or mudguard or MV
while the same in motion.
6. Failure to dim headlights when approaching another motor vehicle
7. Driving in a place not intended for traffic or into place not allowed for parking
8. Hitching or permitting a person or a bicycle, motorcycle, tricycle or skate roller to
hitch to a motor vehicle
9. Driving against traffic (Counter flow) – Failure to pass to the right when meeting
persons or vehicles coming towards him.
10. Illegal turn – Failure to conduct the motor vehicle to the right of the intersection
of the highway when turning to the left in going from one highway to another.
11. Illegal overtaking – Failure to pass to the left when overtaking persons or vehicles
going to the same direction except when there are two or more lanes for the
movement of traffic in one direction.
12. Overtaking at unsafe distance – Failure to pass at a safe distance to the left of
another motor vehicle when overtaking that vehicle.
13. Cutting an overtaken vehicle – Driving to the right side of the highway after
overtaking before his motor vehicle is safely clear of such overtaken vehicle.
14. Failure to give way to an overtaking vehicle – Failure to give way to another
vehicle approaching from the rear that wishes to overtake his vehicle when the former
has given suitable and audible signal.
15. Increasing speed when being overtaken – Increasing the speed of the motor
vehicle before the overtaking vehicle has completely passed.
16. Overtaking when left side is not visible or clear of oncoming traffic – Driving to the
left side of the center line of a highway in overtaking or passing another vehicle
proceeding in the same direction where the left side is not clearly visible and is not free
of oncoming traffic for a sufficient distance to pass in safely.
17. Overtaking upon a crest of a grade – Overtaking or passing another vehicle
proceeding in the same direction when approaching the crest of a grade.
18. Overtaking upon a curve – Overtaking or passing another vehicle proceeding in
the same direction upon a curve in a highway where the driver’s view along the
highway is obstructed within a distance of 500 feet ahead.
19. Overtaking at any railway grade crossing – Overtaking or passing another vehicle
proceeding in the same direction at any railway grade crossing.
20. Overtaking at an intersection – Overtaking or passing another vehicle in the same
direction at any intersection of highways except on a highway having two or more
lanes for movement of traffic in one direction where the driver of a vehicle may
overtake another vehicle on the right.
21. Overtaking on “Men Working” or “Caution” signs – Overtaking or passing or
attempting to overtake or pass another vehicle proceeding in the same direction
between warning or caution signs indicating that men are working on a highway.
22. Overtaking at no overtaking zone – Overtaking or passing or attempting to
overtake or pass another vehicle proceeding in the same direction in any “No Passing
or Overtaking” zone.
23. Failure of the vehicle on the left to yield the right of way to the vehicle on the
right when these vehicles approach or enter an intersection at approximately the same
time.
24. Failure of a vehicle approaching but not having entered intersection to yield the
right of way to a vehicle within such intersection or turning therein to the left across
the line of travel of the first mentioned vehicle when such vehicle has given a plainly
visible signal of intention to turn.
25. Failure of the driver of any vehicle upon a highway within a business or residential
district to yield the right of way to a pedestrian crossing such highway within a cross
walk except at intersection where the movement of traffic is regulated by a peace
officer or by traffic signal.
26. Failure to stop before traversing a “through highway” or railroad crossing. –
Failure of the driver of a vehicle upon a highway to bring to a full stop such vehicle
before traversing any “Through Highway” or rail-road crossing.
27. Failure of a vehicle entering a highway from a private road or driver upon a
highway to yield the right of way to all vehicles approaching on such highway. – Failure
of a vehicle entering a highway from a private road or driver upon a highway to yield
the right of way to all vehicles approaching on such highway.
28. Failure to yield right of way to ambulance, police or fire department vehicles. –
Failure of a driver upon a highway to yield the right of way to police or fire department
vehicles and ambulances when such vehicles are operated on official business and the
drivers thereof sound audible signal or their approach.
29. Failure to yield right of way at a “through highway” or a “stop intersection”. –
Failure of a vehicle entering a “through highway” or a “stop intersection” to yield right
of way to all vehicles approaching in either direction on such “through highway”.
30. Failure to give proper signal. – Failure to give the appropriate signal before
starting, stopping or turning from a direct line.
31. Illegal turn. – Failure of the driver of a vehicle intending to turn to the left, to
approach such intersection in the lane for traffic to the right of and nearest to the
center line of the highway, and in, turning to pass to the left of the center of the
intersection except upon highway lane for traffic and upon one-way highway.
32. Failure to stop motor and notch hand brake of motor vehicle when unattended. –
Failure to turn off the ignition switch and stop the motor and notch effectively the
handbrake when parking a motor vehicle unattended on any highway.
33. Unsafe Towing
34. Obstruction – Obstructing the free passage of other vehicles on the highway while
discharging or taking passengers or loading and unloading freight, or driving a motor
vehicle in such a manner as to obstruct or impede the passage of any vehicle.
35. Motorcycle carrying more passengers other than the back rider or cargo other
than the saddle bags and luggage carriers
36. Refusal to render service to the public or convey passenger to destination.
37. Overcharging / Undercharging of fare
38. No franchise / Certificate of Public Convenience or evidence of
franchise presented during apprehension or carried inside the motor vehicle.
39. Fake CPC, OR/CR, plates, stickers, and tags
40. Operating the unit with defective parts and accessories
41. Failure to provide fare discount to those entitled under existing laws and
pertinent Memorandum Circulars of the LTFRB.
42. Fast, tampered, defective taximeter or operating without or with an old seal
taximeter, broken, joined, reconnected, fake or altered sealing wire.
43. No sign board
44. Pick and drop Passenger outside the terminal
45. Carrying of illegal and/or prohibited cargoes
46. Failure to provide fire extinguisher and required “STOP and GO” signage for use of
each vehicle.
47. Trip cutting.
48. Failure to display fare matrix
49. Breach of franchise conditions under 2011 Revised Terms and Conditions of CPC.

Violations in Connection with Motor Vehicle Registration/Renewal/Operations

a. Driving an Unregistered Motor Vehicle ₱ 10,000
This includes driving with an improperly registered motor vehicle or a motor vehicle with expired,
revoked, suspended or invalid registration, unregistered or fake substitute or replacement engine, engine
block or chassis
b. Unauthorized Motor Vehicle Modification ₱ 5,000
This includes change in color and other unauthorized modifications of the standard manufacturer’s
specification not covered by the preceding section a.
c. Operating a Right Hand Drive Motor Vehicle ₱ 50,000
d. Motor Vehicle Operating without or with Defective/Improper/Unauthorized Accessories, Devices, ₱ 5,000
Equipment and Parts
This includes bells/horns/sirens/whistles, blinkers, brakes, early warning device (EWD), grill/s, jalousies,
brake (foot and hand brakes), brake lights/headlights/interior lights/signal, lights/tail lights, mirrors,
mufflers, metallic tires/spare tire, speedometer, windshield, wipers or any other accessory, device,
equipment or part that is manifestly prejudicial to road safety.
e. Failure to Attach or Improper Attachment/Tampering of Authorized Motor Vehicle License Plates ₱ 5,000
and/or Third Plate Sticker
f. Smoke Belching ₱ 2,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 4,000 (2nd Offense)
1-year suspension of the Motor Vehicle
Registration (MVR) and fine not more than ₱
6,000 (3rd Offense)
g. Fraud in Relation to the Registration of the Motor Vehicle and/or it’s Renewal ₱ 3,000
h. All Other Violation in Connection with Motor Vehicle Registration/Renewal/Operation ₱ 2,000
Violations in Connection with Dimensions, Specifications/Weight and Load Limits
a. Load Extending Beyond Projected Width Without Permit
b. Axle Overloading
c. Operating a Passenger Bus/Truck With Cargo Exceeding 160 kg.
Violations in Connection with Franchise
1. Colorum Violation
2. Refusal to render service to the public or convey passenger destination
3. Overcharging/Undercharging of fare
4. Failure to provide proper body markings
5. No franchise/Certificate of Public Convenience or evidence of franchise
presented during apprehension or carried inside the Motor Vehicle
6. Presentation of Fake CPC, OR/CR, plates, stickers, and tags
7. Employing reckless, insolent, discourteous arrogant drivers
8. Allowing an unauthorized driver to drive PUV or allowing a driver to drive PUV
without bringing his/her driver’s license
9. Operating the unit/s with defective parts and accessories
₱ 1,000
An amount equivalent ot 25% of MVUC at the time of infringement on
owner/operator or driver of trucks and trailers for loading beyond their
registered gross weight, vehicle weight. The penalty shall be waived for
loads exceeding the registered GVW by a tolerance of less than 5%
₱ 1,000
₱ 1 million (Bus)
₱ 200,000 (Truck)
₱ 50,000 (Jeepney)
₱ 200,000 (Van)
₱ 120,000 (Sedan)
₱ 6,000 (Motorcycle)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
Revocation/Cancellation of the franchise/Certificate of Public
Convenience
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)

10. Failure to provide fare discount to those entitle under existing laws
11. Failure to provide the Board with complete, correct, and updated operator’s
information (such as, but not limited to, address, contact numbers, list of drivers,
etc.) and other forms of misrepresentation
12. Failure to display “No Smoking” signage and/or allowing personnel or
passenger to smoke inside the vehicle
13. Fast, tampered, defective taximeter or operating without or with an old seal
taximeter (TX only)
14. Tampered, broken, joined, reconnected, fake or altered sealing wire (TX only)
15. Violation of color scheme or design/Adoption of new color design without
authority from the Board (PUB and TX only)
16. Unregistered or unauthorized trade/business name (PUB and TX only)
17. No Panel Route (PUJ, PUB, UV)
18. No sign board (PUJ, PUB, UV)
19. Pick and Drop of Passengers outside the Terminal (PUJ, PUB, UV)
20. Carrying of illegal and/or prohibited cargoes
21. Failure to provide fire extinguisher and required “STOP and GO” signage for
use of each vehicle (STS only)
22. Trip Cutting (PUJ, PUB, UV)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)

23. Failure to display fare matrix (PUJ, PUB, UV)
24. Failure to display the International Symbol of Accessibility inside the units
and/or failure to designate seats specifically for the use of Person with
Disabilities or Failure or refusal to transport PWDs (PUJ, PUB, TTS, UV)
25. Breach of franchise conditions under 2011 Revised Terms and Conditions of
CPC not otherwise herein provided.
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)
₱ 50,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 75,000 and impounding of unit of at least 45 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 100,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd and subsequent Offenses)
₱ 5,000 (1st Offense)
₱ 10,000 and impounding of unit for 30 days (2nd Offense)
₱ 15,000 and cancellation of CPC (3rd Offense)