Manuel Acuña Roxas

May 28, 1946 – April 15, 1948

was the fifth President of the Philippines who served from 1946
until his death in 1948. He briefly served as the third and last
President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines from May 28,
1946 to July 4, 1946, subsequently becoming the first President of
the independent Third Philippine Republic after the United States
ceded its sovereignty over the Philippines.
 Elpidio Rivera Quirino
November 16, 1890 – February 29, 1956
was a Filipino politician of ethnic Ilocano descent who served as the sixth President of the
Philippines from 1948 to 1953.
A lawyer by profession, Quiríno entered politics when he became a representative
of Ilocos Sur from 1919 to 1925. He was then elected as senator from 1925–1931. In
1934, he became a member of the Philippine independence commission that was sent to
Washington, D.C., which secured the passage of Tydings–McDuffie Act to American
Congress. In 1935, he was also elected to the convention that drafted the 1935
constitution for the newly established Commonwealth. In the new government, he served
as secretary of the interior and finance under President Manuel Quezon's cabinet.
 Ramón del Fierro Magsaysay Sr.
August 31, 1907 – March 17, 1957
was a Filipino politician who was the seventh President of the Philippines,
serving from December 30, 1953 until his death in an aircraft disaster. An
automobile mechanic, Magsaysay was appointed military governor of
Zambales after his outstanding service as a guerilla leader during the Pacific
War. He then served two terms as Liberal Party congressman
for Zambales before being appointed as Secretary of National Defense by
President Elpidio Quirino. He was elected president under the banner of
the Nacionalista Party.
He was the first Philippine president born during the 20th century and the
first to be born after the Spanish colonial era.
 Carlos Polestico Garcia
November 4, 1896 – June 14, 1971

was a Filipino teacher, poet, orator, lawyer, public official, political

economist, organized guerrilla and Commonwealth military leader,
who was the eighth President of the Philippines.
 Diosdado Pangan Macapagal
September 28, 1910 – April 21, 1997
was the ninth President of the Philippines, serving from 1961 to 1965, and the sixth Vice-
President, serving from 1957 to 1961. He also served as a member of the House of
Representatives, and headed the Constitutional Convention of 1970. He is the father
of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, who was the 14th President of the Philippines from 2001 to
2010.
A native of Lubao, Pampanga, Macapagal graduated from the University of the
Philippines and University of Santo Tomas, both in Manila, after which he worked as a
lawyer for the government. He first won election in 1949 to the House of Representatives,
representing a district in his home province of Pampanga. In 1957, he became Vice-
President under the rule of President Carlos P. Garcia, whom he defeated in the 1961
polls.
 Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos Sr.
September 11, 1917 – September 28, 1989
was a former President and prime Minister, statesman, war hero, author, poet and parliamentarian.

When the Philippines was granted independence in July 4, 1946 by the American government, the Philippine
Congress was established. Marcos ran and was twice elected as representative of the 1st district of Ilocos
Norte, 1949-1959. He was named chairman of the House Committee on Commerce and Industry and
member of the Defense Committee headed by Ramon Magsaysay.

As a lawyer and a master politician, Marcos led a most interesting and controversial political career both
before and after his term as Senate President. He became Senator after he served as member of the
House of Representatives for three terms, then later as Minority Floor Leader before gaining the Senate
Presidency. He is one of the legislators who had established a record for having introduced a number of
significant bills, many of which found their way into the Republic statute books.

Marcos ran for the presidency under the Nacionalista Party and won. He assumed office as President in
December 30, 1965 and held the defense post in a concurrent capacity till January 1967. He was
reelected in 1969 and declared Martial Law in September 1972. Again, he held the defense post
concurrently in August 1971 till January 1972.

He became Prime Minister in June 12, 1978 and ruled the country for 20 years till February 25, 1986
during the EDSA People Power revolution which ousted him from power.