PAPER – I : RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Max. Marks: 100 (70 Theory + 30 I.A.)

Credits : 5 ( 4 Theory + 1 Tutorial)

UNIT – I :
Research: Meaning and Definition, need and purpose of research; Types of research ; Barriers to
research.
Identification, Selection and Formulation of a research problem hypothesis: Meaning and
definition of, types, formulation and testing of hypothesis. Research design; Design, types and
their characteristics; Preparation of a research proposal. (16 Hours)
UNIT – II :
Laplace Transforms: Inversion contours, significance of poles and zeros. Solution of simple
problems such as motion of damped harmonic oscillator due to an impulse, concept of transfer
function and waves on a semi finite string.
Fourier Transforms: Solution of initial value problem for the diffusion equation, concept of
Green function and steady state heat flow in a semi-infinite domain. (16 Hours)
UNIT – III:
Finite Element Method(FEM): Introduction, basic concept of FEM, approximation of the
circumference of a circle, solution of differential equation, shape functions to various
channels/ducts. (16 Hours)
UNIT – IV :
Mathematical Statistics: Random variables and Distribution functions – Random variable,
distribution function, properties of distribution function, discrete random variable, probability
mass function, continuous random variable, probability density function, continuous distribution
function; Mathematical Expectation and Generating Functions – Mathematical expectation,
expectation of a function of a random variable, addition theorem of expectation, multiplication
theorem of expectation, expectation of linear combination of random variables, covariance,
variance of linear combination of random variables. (16 Hours)
References :
1. Basha C.H. and Harter S. P., Research Methods in Librarianship, Academic (New York), 1980.
2. Fowler F. J. Jr., Survey Research Methods, SAGE, New Delhi, 1993.
3. Glazer J. D. and Powel R. R., Qualitative Research in Information Management.
4. Goode W. J. and Hatt P. K., Methods in Social Science Research, McGraw-Hill, Auckland, 1981.
5. Simpson I. S., How to interpret Statistical Data, LA, London, 1990.
6. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Wiley Student Edition, India, 2004.

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 7. Arfken & Weber, Mathematical Methods for Physicists, Elsevier, Academic Press, 2005.
8. J. N. Reddy, An Introduction to the Finite Element Methods, McGraw-Hill.
9. Zienkiewiez O.C. and Taylore R. L., The Finite Element Method. Vol. I, McGraw-Hill, London.
10. Gupta S. C. and Kapoor V. K., Mathematical Statistics, S Chand & Sons, 1998.

PAPER – II : MATHEMATICAL MODELLING

Max. Marks: 100 (70 Theory + 30 I.A.)
Credits : 5 ( 4 Theory + 1 Tutorial)

UNIT – I :
Modeling approaches: Experimental models, stochastic models, simulation model,
deterministic model and statistical models.
Compartmental models: Compartmental diagram, balance law, exponential decay and
radioactivity, residence time, Lake pollution models with examples Drug assimilations into the
blood, models of single populations, limited growth with harvesting.
Mathematical modeling through system of ordinary differential equations of the first
order: Prey-predictor models, competition models multi-spaces models, age structured
population models.
(16 Hours)
UNIT – II :
Mathematical models in medicine: A model for diabetes-Mellitus. Richardson-models for arms
rays, Lanchesters-combat model.
Mathematical modeling through ordinary differential equation of second order: Study of
motion under central forces, components of velocity and acceleration vector along radial and
transverse directions, motion under a central force, Kepler’s- laws of planetary motion,
circulation motion of set light, elliptic motion of set light. (16 Hours)
UNIT – III :
Theory of Games: Introduction, Two-person Zero-sum games, maximin-minimax principle,
mixed strategies, graphical solution of 2 x N and M x 2 games, dominance property, saddle point
theorems.
Simulation: Introduction, elements of simulation model, event-type simulation, generation of
random phenomena, Monte-Carlo technique, generation of uniform and non-uniform random
observations, steps in simulation, simulation languages. (16 Hours)
UNIT – IV :
Queuing Theory: Introduction, queuing disciplines, service channels, Poisson process,
distribution of inter-arrival times and service times, classification of queuing systems and their
solutions, single server queuing models and multi server queuing models.
(16 Hours)
References:
1. Kapur J. N., Mathematical Modelling, John Wiley and Sons.
2. Barnes B. and Fulford G. R., Mathematical Modeling with Case Studies, Taylor and Francis
Group.
3. Allen L., An introduction to Stochastic Processes with Applications to Biology, Englewood
Cliffs, NJ-Prentice Hall.

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4. Banks R., Growth and Diffusion Phenomena-Mathematical Frame works and
Applications, Berlin: Springer- Verlag.
5. Hamdy A. Thaha, Operations Research, Macmillan, 1989.
6. Kanti Swarup, Gupta P. K., and Man Mohan, Operations Research, S.Chand & Sons, 1980.
7. Sharma S.D., Operations Research.

Special Papers

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 Paper- III(A): ADVANCED FLUID DYNAMICS (Special Paper)

Max. Marks: 100(70 Theory + 30 I.A.)

Credits: 5(4 Theory + 1 Tutorial)
Unit – I:
Introduction and Preliminaries : Topics to be discussed, equilibrium and departures from it,
equations of motion and various approximations, . basic parameters of heterogeneous flows.
Waves at a boundary between homogeneous layers, progressive waves in deep water, waves
between layers of finite thickness, stationary waves.
Waves in a continuously stratified fluid, description in terms of modes, description in terms of
rays, waves in a moving stratified fluid, velocity constant with height, Lee waves with varying
properties in the vertical, reversals of velocity and critical layers. (20 Hours)
Unit – II :
Theorems of Helmholtz and Kelvin. Perturbation equations: Analysis into normal modes, the
case when instability sets in as stationary convection. A variational principle. Convection from
Heated Surfaces: Theory of convection between horizontal plates, governing parameters, linear
stability theory, finite amplitude convection,
(16 Hours)
Unit – III
Double – Diffusive Convection: Stability problem, mechanism of instability, linear stability
analysis, form of the convection cells, finite amplitude calculations, Formulation of layers -
Experiments and observations, The ‘diffusive’ regime, finger regime side boundaries and
horizontal gradients.
(16 Hours)
Unit – IV:
Hydromagnetics: Basic equations of hydromagnetics, equation of motion governing the
magnetic field and some of its consequences, Alfen’s waves, some special solutions of the
hydromagnetic equations. (12 Hours)

References:
1. Turner J. S., Buoyancy Effects in Fluids, Cambridge University Press, 1973
2. Schdichting H., Boundary Layer Theory, McGraw – Hill (1979)
3. Lin C. C., The Theory of Hydrodynamics, University Press (1955).
4. Donald A. Nield and Adrian Bejan, Convection in Porous Media, Ed. III, Springer.
5. Drazin P.G., Hydromagnetic Stability, Cambridge University Press.

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 PAPER- III(B): ADVANCED TOPICS IN GRAPH THEORY (Special Paper)

Max. Marks: 100(70 Theory + 30 I.A.)

Credits: 5(4 Theory + 1 Tutorial)
Unit - I:
Domination in Graphs: Dominating set of graphs, minimal dominating set, domination number,
connected dominating set, connected domination number, total dominating set, total domination
number, restrained dominating set, restrained domination number, independent dominating set,
independent domination number. (16 Hrs)
Unit - II:
On the line graph of the square and the square of the line graph of a connected graph, pathos of a
graph, pathos number, pathos line graph of a tree, planar pathos line graphs.
(16 Hrs)
Unit - III:
Pathos lict graph of a tree, planar pathos lict graphs, outer planar pathos lict graph, maximal
outer planar pathos lict graph, minimally non-outer planar pathos lict graph, maximal minimally
non-outer planar pathos lict graph, crossing number of pathos lict graph, Hamilton pathos lict
graph. (16 Hrs)

Unit - IV:
Graphs with property Pn , contraction of a graph, sub contraction of a graph, property for
maximal graph, n-chromatic number, (m,n)coloring of a graph, outer planar graph with
chromatic number, vertex partition number  n , edge partition number  1n , property P3 with
 3 (G) of an outer planar graph, property P4 with 1 (G),  3 (G) of a planar graph, property Pm
with  n , property P4 with  2 (G). (16 Hrs)

References:
1. Behzad M., Graphs and their chromatic numbers, Doctoral thesis.
2. Chartrand G., Dennis Geller and Hedetriemi S., Graphs with forbidden subgraphs, J.
Comb. Theory, Vol.1.No.1 Feb (1971) 13-41.
3. Beineke L. W., Topological aspects of complete graphs, Theory of graph academic press
New York (1968) 19-26.
4. Tang D. T., A class of planar graphs containing Hamiltonian circuits, IBM, Res. Note NC
503(1965).
5. Haynes T. W., Hedetriemi S. T. and Slater P. J., Fundamentals of domination in graphs.
Marcel Dekker. Inc.270 Madison Avenue New York (1998).
6. Muddebihal M. H., Gudagudi B. R. and Chandrasekhar R., On pathos line graph of a
tree, Nat. Acad. Sci. Letters Vol 24. No.5 (2001) 5-12.
7. Muddebihal M. H. and Chandrasekhar R., On pathos lict graph of a tree, short research
communication, (2003), 263-270.

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 Paper-III(C): FINITE ELEMENT METHOD (Special Paper)
Max. Marks: 100(70 Theory + 30 I.A.)
Credits: 5(4 Theory + 1 Tutorial)

Unit-I:
Preamble: Basic concept of finite element method, approximation of the circumference of a
circle, approximation determination of the center of mass, solution of differential equation.
(08 Hours)
Unit-II:
Integral formulations and variational methods: Need for weighted-integral forms, some
mathematical concepts and formulae-boundary, initial and eigen value problems, integrated
relations, functionals, variational symbol; Weak Formulation of Boundary Value Problems:
Introduction, weighted-integral and weak formulations, linear and bilinear forms and quadratic
functionals, examples; Variational Methods of Approximation: Introduction, Rayleigh-Ritz
method, method of weighted residuals, Petrov-Galerkin method, Galerkin method. (20 Hours)
Unit-III:
Finite element analysis of one-dimensional problems: Second-order boundary value
problems: Basic steps of finite element analysis, model boundary value problem, discritization of
the domain, derivation of element equations, connectivity of elements, imposition of boundary
conditions, solution of equations, post-processing of the solution, radially symmetric problems;
Applications of finite element analysis: Heat transfer, fluid mechanics, solid mechanics.
(20 Hours)
Unit-IV:
Interpolation functions, numerical integration: Library of Elements and Interpolation
Functions: Introduction, triangular elements, rectangular elements, serendipity elements.
Numerical integration: Preliminary comments, coordinate transformations, integration over a
master rectangular element, integration over a master triangular element. (16 Hours)
References:

1. Reddy J. N., An Introduction to the Finite Element Method , Mc Graw-Hill Introduction edition.
2. Englewood Cliffs, Becker N. J., E.B, G.F. Carey and Oden J. T., Finite Elements, an Introduction,
Vol.1, Prentice-Hall.
3. Cook R.D., Malkus D. S. and Plesha M. E., Concepts and Applications of Finite Element
Analysis 3rd ed., John Wiley, New York.
4. Desai C.S. and Abel J. F., Introduction to the Finite Element Method Van-Nortrand Reinhold,
New York.
5. Gallagher R.H., Finite Element Analysis Fundamentals Prentice- Hall Englewood cliffs N.J.
6. Rao. S.S., The Finite Element Method in Engineering , Pergamon Press, Oxford.
7. Sienkiewicz, O.C, and Taylor R. L., The Finite Element Method, Vol.1McGraw Hill, London.

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 Paper – III(D): HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER (Special Paper)

Max. Marks: 100(70 Theory + 30 I.A.)

Credits: 5(4 Theory + 1 Tutorial)
Unit-I:
Magnetohydronamics: Derivation of basic equations of Magnetohydronamics: Conservation of
mass, conservation of momentum, conservation of Magnetic lines of force and conservation of
energy. Boundary conditions on velocity, Pearson’s law, boundary conditions on magnetic field,
boundary conditions on temperature, derivation of dimensionless numbers such as magnetic
Reynolds number, magnetic interaction number, Hartmann number, Rayleigh number, Margoni
number. (16 Hours)

Unit-II:
Flow through porous media: Basic equations: Darcy equation, Brinkman equations, Darcy-
Brinkman flow equations of motions, energy equations for flow through porous medium, parallel
flow through porous medium and flow past a porous bed with finite and infinite thickness.
(16 Hours)

Unit-III:
Mass transfer in fluid system: Heat and diffusion, derivation of a diffusion equations, boundary
conditions for heat conduction problems, solving the heat/diffusion equations using Boltzman
similarity solutions, the method of stretching transformation and the method of perturbation.
Mathematical modeling to study continuous casting, water filtration and Laser drilling.
(16 Hours)

Unit-IV:
Stability of flows: Shear instability: Stability of flow between parallel shear flows, Squires
theorem for viscous and invisid theory, Rayleigh stability equation, derivation of Orr-
Sommerfield equation. Convective instability: Basic concepts of convective instability, linear
and nonlinear stability theories, Rayleigh Benard problem, analysis into normal modes, principle
of exchange of stabilities, first variation principle, different boundary conditions on velocity and
temperature, solution for free-free boundaries. (16 Hours)

References:

1. Schlichting H., Boundary layer theory, McGraw-Hill, 1979.

2. Lin C. C., The theory of Hydrodynamic stability, Cambridge University Press, 1955.
3. Cussler E. L., Diffusion mass transfer in Fluid Systems, Cambridge University Press, 1955.
4. Nield D. A. and Bejan A., Convection in porous media, Springer, 2006.
5. Chandrasekhar S., Hydrodynamic and Hydrodynamic stability, Oxford University Press. 1961.
6. Ferraro V. C. A. and Plumton C., Magnetofluidmechanics, Oxford University Press, 1961.
7. Glenn R. Fulford Philip Broadbridge, Industrial Mathematics, Cambridge University Press,
2001.

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 PAPER – III (E) : LUBRICATION THEORY ( Special Paper)

Max. Marks: 100 (70 Theory + 30 I.A.)

Credits : 5 ( 4 Theory + 1 Tutorial)
Unit – I :
Basic Concepts of Lubrication : Introduction, action of convergence wedge; Viscosity – Basic
definitions, conversions, dynamic viscosity, measurement, variation with temperature, grades of
oils, polymer thickened oils.
Reynolds Equation: Introduction, Reynolds equation from dimensional analysis, derivation of
full equation, assumptions, continuity of flow of a column, equilibrium of an element, full
Reynolds equation, infinitely long and infinitely short bearing. (16 Hours)
Unit – II :
Convergence- Divergence Wedge: Wedge angle, secant film, converging-diverging channel,
Sommerfeld conditions, Reynolds conditions, Load, centre of pressure, friction, exponential film.
Pad bearings: Pressure equation, load, centre of pressure, friction of titling pads, fixed geometry
pads, tapered land bearings, Rayleigh step bearings. (16 Hours)
Unit – III :
Discs: Introduction, geometry, pressure equation, boundary conditions at start, full Sommerfeld,
half Sommerfeld Reynolds conditions, lubrication of spheres.
Journal Bearings: Introduction, geometry, pressure equation for short bearing, load, attitude
angle, oil flow, Sommerfeld’s method for infinitely long bearings, friction in journal bearings.
(16 Hours)
Unit – IV:
Squeeze film bearings: Introduction, squeeze film between parallel plates, step bearings, some
situations under squeeze film lubrication – A circular cylinder near a plane, A parallel circular
plate, A sphere near a plane, A sphere in a spherical seat, A rectangular plate on a plane surface,
A journal bearing.
Porous Bearings: Introduction, geometry, permeability, Reynolds equation, solution of
equation. Hydrodynamic instability and Elastohydrodynamic lubrication. (16 Hours)
Reference:
1. Cameron A., Basic Lubrication Theory, 3rd Edition, Wiley Eastern Limited, 1981.
2. Majumdar B. C., Introduction to tribology of Bearings, Wheeler Publishing, 1999.
3. Khonsari M. M., and Booser E. R., Applied Tribology- Bearing Design and Lubrication, John
Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2001.
4. Pinkus O. and Stunlicht B., Theory of Hydrodynamic Lubrication, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York,
1961.
5. Bharat Bhusan, Introduction to Tribology, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,2002.