HPED 2507 Nutrient Recommendations

Nutrient Recommendations
Nutrient Needs
➢ We all need the same nutrients, but not in the same amounts.
➢ The amounts needed vary among people based on such factors as:
Age
▪ _____________
▪ _____________
Body size
▪ _____________
Gender
▪ Genetic traits
▪ Growth status

Nutrient Target Range

• Optimal intake range is set as the intake where the ​____________________​
human body ​functions best
• _______________​
Poor nutrition ​________or
results from an intake which is either too high ___________​
too low relative to optimal
levels
• Intake on either side of this optimal range results in ​______________________________________
impaired bodily function
• Poor nutrition can initiate diseases
• Nutrient deficiencies:​ inadequate essential nutrient intake, if prolonged there can be physical signs, may be
permanent
• Nutrient toxicities:​ excessive nutrient intake, increased levels in the blood oversupplies the cells and upsets the
balance, toxicities diseases

Adaptive Mechanisms
➢ A healthy body has many protective mechanisms
➢ Conserve (when supply is ___________)
low ​or​ Eliminate nutrients (when supply is ___________)
high

1. __________________can
Excesses be __________________
stored
➢ Dietary surpluses of energy and some nutrients stored in tissues for later use
➢ (e.g. iron, vit A, vit B​12​, Ca)
Absorption
2. __________________can be __________________
modified
➢ Body’s nutrient absorption dependent on body’s need
➢ (e.g. iron & Ca)
Excesses eliminated
3. __________________can be __________________
➢ Body has low storage capacity for some nutrients; excesses are eliminated through urine or stools
➢ (e.g. vitamin C & water)

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) ​General term used for the nutrient intake standards for healthy people
The DRI committee has set recommended intakes for:
• Vitamins
• _______________
Minerals
• Carbohydrates
• _______________
Fiber
• Lipids
• Protein
• Water
• _____________
Energy

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HPED 2507 Nutrient Recommendations

Goals of DRI Committee

Recommendations:
● apply to healthy persons only
● are designed to prevent:
(1) deficiency disorders
(2) chronic diseases
➢ __________________
Cancer
➢ __________________
Heart Disease
➢ __________________
Osteoporosis
● not for the restoration of health or repletion of nutrients in those with deficiencies
➢ Researchers needed to take into consideration excessively high intakes
➢ In some people high intakes (​_____________________________________________________​
due to supplements or fortified foods ) have created
health problems

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range AMDR

⦿ healthy ranges of intake for carbohydrate, fat, and protein
essential nutients
⦿ reduced risk of chronic disease while providing adequate intakes of ​__________________________.

Age group Percent calories from

Carbohydrates Protein Fat

1-3 yrs ______________________ 5-20% 30-40%
4-18 yrs
19 yrs +
45 -65% 10-30%
________________
25-35%
_______________
10-35% 20-35%

Recommended Daily Allowance

RDAs – _____________________________________________
➢ meet nutrient need of ______
98% of all _____________
healthy people
➢ promote health
➢ reduce the risk of chronic disease
AIs – _____________________________________________
Adequate Intake
➢ Levels for nutrients for which there is too little conclusive evidence

EARs – _____________________________________________
Estimated Average Requirement
➢ Represent nutrient level that meets needs of 50% of individual in a group

ULs – _____________________________________________
Tolerable Upper intake Levels
➢ Represent upper limits of nutrient intake compatible with health
➢ Total daily level from food + fortified food + supplements; not to be exceeded.

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HPED 2507 Nutrient Recommendations

Micronutrient DRI DRI Your Intake (Diet Difference (use + or - to

and Wellness indicate excess or
Plus) deficiency)**
Minimum intake Maximum Intake*
(Identify RDA or
AI)*
Thiamin 1.2 mg/d RDA 1.40 mg/d healthy
Niacin 16 mg/day RDA 35 mg/d 14 deficient - 2mg/d
Calcium 1000 mg/day AI 1435.13 mg/d
Iron 8 mg/day
Sodium 1500mg/d AI 2300mg/d UL 3809mg/d excessive 1509

*Provide the type of DRI (RDA, AI or UL) you are using as your reference and the unit used to measure the micronutrient
(ie µg, mg or g).

**Use a (–) sign to indicate an intake that is deficient and a (+) sign to indicate an intake that is in excess.

3-day Average Micronutrient Report for Joe (20 year old male)