hdancu 18,192i4 ENGI-NEERlNG.

'_ 323
J
WeldedConstruction,Limited. The foundrybelongs
to Messrs.Cowlishaw,WalkerandCo. (1920),Limited,
ELECTRICALLY-WELDED FOUNDRY BUILDING. and situatedat Stoke-on-Trent,and the contract

is
includesthe supply and erectionof a runwayfor a

1,
CONSTRUCTED BY MESSRS. WELDED CONSTRUCTION, LIMITED, ENGINEERS, LONDON. 20-ton electric overheadcrane. The plan, Fig.
showsthe extensionin question. It approximately

is
100ft. long by 54ft. wide,andtherewereconnections
and alterationsto be madeto surroundingexisting
""va;'7r\~~_-, shops. The heavystanchions,of whichthereare six,
are shownin elevationin Fig. 2. Each madeup of

is
one 12-in.by 5-in. rolledsteeljoist, one8-in. by 5-in.
joist, and one l2-in. by 31)-in.channel.connected
togetherbyplatesandweldedat intervals. In thecase
the four stanchionsmarkedA, B, and D, in

of

C
Fig. the 12-in.by 5-in.joist has a.lengthof 20 ft.,

l,
and eachsupportsa.24-in.by.7§-in. rolledsteeljoist
stiffenedby a 15-in.by 4-in. channelwhichtakesthe
crane runway rail. The 8-in. by 5-in. joist has a
lengthof 29 ft. in., and carriesthe 12-in by 5-in.
Roof

6
horizontaljoist which supporttheendsof the trusses.
The 12-in.by 3Q-in.channel 23ft. in lengthandacts

is
asa stifiener. A sectionof thesestanclions shown

is
__________T________

in Fig. 4.
The stanchionmarked similar to the others,

is
E
but the 12-in.by 3*-in.channel extended to a length

is
of 24 ft. in., andat the top carriesa.bracketfor the

9
cranerail for a lightertravellerspanningthe existing
bay markedH (Fig. 1). The stanchion also

is
F
slightly different. In this the 12-in by 5-in. joist
%Qi£__

servesto supportoneendof a long50-ft.latticegirder

which formsthe mostinterestingfeatureof the job.
On the east side the existingwall of the foundry
was extendedsomedistanceand madeto carry the
cranerail, whichrestson a 15-in.by 6-in.joist laid on
the top of the wall. From the end of this wall to
stanchion a gapof about50 ft., which spanned

is
is
F
by the latticegirdershown in Figs. and This

5
carries the crane runway over the railway siding
whichruns into the shop. This girder ft. in.

IQ
is
4
deepoverall,andconsistsof two9-in.by 3§-in.channels
at the top and bottom,stiffenedwith l2~in.by 3}-in.
channelsplacedabout ft. in. apart. The cross

4
3
bracingconsistsof 3-in.by 3-in.by Q-in.,4-in.by 3-in.
by {in., and 5-in. by 3-in. by Q-in. angles. Above
this latticegirder smallergirder placedto carry

is
a
therooftrusses.
The latterareshownin Fig. and have a spanof

2
about 34 ft. They are made up of angle sections
varyingfrom 2§ in. by in. by in. to 3Qin. in.

b
3
2

}
by in., joinedby gussetplates. The jack roo venti
3
later similarlyframedof anglesweldedto the main
is
trusses, The lean-toon the westsideof the building
carriedby 12-in.by 5-in. joists, one end of which
is

restson the retainingwall, the other being welded

to the l2-in. by 5-in.horizontaljoist supportedby the
stanchions A, B, C, D andE.
I

THE ITALIAN LINER “GIULIO CESARE.”

THE seatrials of a largepassengerliner, the Giulio
Cesare,built for the NavigazioneGeneraleItalians

d,y
Messrs. Swan,HunterandWigharnRichardson. Limi
at theirWallsendShipyard,havejust beensatisfactorily
concluded.The vessel,an excellentphotographof
which reproduced in Fig. on page326, of 22,500
is

is
l,

grosstons, and intendedto run betweenGenoaand

is

BuenosAires. Her overall dimensionsare: 633 ft.

in length,and 76 ft. in. in breadth.with a moulded
3

depthof 50 ft. in. to the awningdeck. She built is

3

to thehighestclassof the RegistroNazionaleItaliano,

ilvflfi iflfll "\<.*. theBritish Corporationand Lloyd"sRegister,and also
my/ii complieswith the merchantshippinglaws of Italy,
the United StatesandGreatBritain. Particularcare
hasbeentakenin designingthevesselto provideevery
possiblelife-savingprecaution,both in the matter of
watertightsubdivisionand also in the provisionof
life boats,firealarmsandfire-extinguishing appliances.
The ship has eightdecksand thereare 16watertight
doors giving accessto various compartments,the
(6111-) doorsbeingoperatedhydraulicallyfromthenavigating
bridgeaswellasby handgearonthedoorsthemselves.
enableextraordinarilyquick gaugingto be accom The bulkheadsbetweeneach boiler room and the
plished. ELECTRICALLY-WELDED STRUCTURAL engine-room arewatertightandhaveno communicating
Fig. showsthe capstandial gaugearrangedfor STEELWORK. doors. Two sets of anti-rolling tanks have been
4

simultaneously gaugingthe overalllengthof piece DURINGthe past twelvemonthsvery considerableincorporatedin the ship‘sstructure.
a

of work, and the distanceof a.flangefrom the back progresshas been made in the use of electricarc Provision has been made for 243 passengersin
de

end. Another field of usefulness indicated in weldingin the constructionof steelframebuildings. lu:::estaterooms,306second-class passengers, l,8(0
is
5,

Fig. in whichthegauge fixedto thearmofa scribing The first descriptionof this applicationof electric emigrantsand about 520 other personscomprising
is

blockrestingon a lathebed,and usedto indicatethe welding,in our columns,was given in our issueof the captain, oflicers, engineers,engine-roomstaff,
dc

truth of a.pieceof workheldin thechuck. May 14 last (page654)when we describedbrieflya seamen,stewardsand attendants. For the Z2/rze
buildingerectedby this meansat Brixton, by Messrs. passengers thereareremarkablylofty suites,consisting
Welded Construction‘, Limited, of 14/16,Cockspur of one doubleberth and one single-berthstateroom
Trial street,S.W. Floor area aloneis, of course,not with a bathroomand closet betweenthem, though
1.

H. Scott-Hall,'l'.‘i-actor
Tnxcron TP.is.1.s.—Mr.
Organiserto the Societyof Motor Manufacturers and an altogethersatisfactorycriterion of this class of the doors are arrangedso that each room can be
Traders,Limited, is desirousof compilinga list of work,but when statedthat weldedrooftrussesof used independently. The stateroomsare very well
is
it

iculturalmachinery
andimplement a ents,principally over40-ft.spanarenow beingused, will givesome furnishedand haveoak parquetfloors,and eachhas
it

with a view to keepingthemadvise of progressin ideaof the stridesthis method making. a marbletoppedwashstandwith hot and cold water
is

connectionwith this year’stractor trials and similar

de

very interestingpiece of work of an unusual taps. Abovethe luxestateroomsare variouslarge

A

events. He would,therefore,be glad all implement

if

characterh asnowcome to our notice,

a nd illustrated public rooms, comprisinga fine entrancehall, gal
is

agentswho read this aragraphwould send him a

and herewith. This consistsof an leries,a libraryand lounge,a smokeroom,a writing
1,

postcardto 83,Fall Mal, S.W. so that he maytake in Figs.

1,

a noteof theirnamesin connectionwiththismatter. extensionof a foundry,theworkbeingdoneby Messrs. room and children'sroom. Thediningsaloon awell
is
a
 324 _ _ENGlNEERl‘NG. [MARCH 18, 1921.1
appointedhallwithanupperdiningroom,or restaurant,
arrangedround a handsomely-designed gallery, the NOTES FROM SOUTH YORKSHIRE. NOTES FROM CLEVELAND AND THE
wholespacebeingsurmountedby an ornamentalglass ProposedWage Snnrrrano,Wednesday. NORTHERN COUNTIES.
Cut.—Employers in the heav trades MIDDLESBBOUGB, VVednesday.
dome. Apart from the spaciousness of the public of Sheffield areproposing a reductionin wageso 17}per TheCleveland
roomstheirgreatheight(15ft.) is especially noticeable,cent.,whichthey Iron Tmde.—Extreme quietness charac
anticipatewill enableemployment to terises theCleveland pig-irontrade. It isfullyrecognised
thoughthis heightis increasedto 20 ft. in way of the begivento a considerable numberof thosenowout of thatanothercut in priceswill haveto bemade if orders
domes. The promenadedecksfor the passengers are work. The reduction,whichwill affectchieflyemploy areto besecured, but ironmasters arealready roducing
particularly spacious,the forward portion of that ment in the rolling mills and forges,the majorityof at a substantial loss,and theyarenot dispo to make
allottedto the de luxe passengers beingenclosedby which are practicallycloseddown, will be strongly furthersacrifice until costshavebeenmateriallylowered.
large plate-glasswindowswhich can be loweredor Sheffield resisted by the unions,but in view of the fact that For homeconsumptionNo. 1 Clevelandpig-ironand
raisedat will. The second-class unemployed nownumbersome22,000,a large siliceousiron are each 1560. ; No. 3 G.M.B. is 1504. :
passengers areaccom pro ortion of whom are engagedin the engineeringNo. 4 foundry, 1490.
modated in the after part of the vesselin large tra es, it is fully ; No. 4 forge and mottledare
that somesatisfactoryeach1470.6d.; andwhiteironis 1469. For despatch to
cabinsand ublic roomsof a.styleanddesignsuperior compromise antigipated
will beas-riv at betweentheparties. foreigndestinations all descriptions of Clevelandpig-iron
to that o n rovided for first-class passengers. areput at 69.abovehomerates.
There are two dining rooms on the weatherdeck, Metallurgical Appm'ntment.—Doctor F. C. Thom son,
andabovethema comfortablyfurnishedsmokeroom. Sorby Research Fellow in the Universityof She eld, Hematite I ro11.—Nothing newof moment is noticeable
has been appointedProfessorof Metallurgyin the
Well-equipped separate galleysareincludedforeachclass Universityof Manchester.Dr. 'I‘homsonreceivedhis in the East Coasthematitebrunch. Salesarefew and
small,customers s trictly
of passengers, and pantries,bakeries,butchers’shop, education restricting purchases to small
andtrainin entirelyin She old. He worked arcels to meet early essentialrequirements.Both
laundry,photographicdark rooms,barbers’shopsand underDr. Arnold,an is theauthorof a largenumberof or homeuse and for exportNo. 1 is 182s.611.;and
hospitals are provided in accordancewith modern scientificpaperson metallurgicalsubjects. In 1920 mixedNos.are1800.
re uirements. hewasappointed Camegiescholarof theIron andSteel
ForeignOre.—A stateof completestagnationexists
hevesselispropelledbyfourscrewsdrivenby single Institute. in the foreignore trade. Consumersare all hugely
rcductiongearedturbineswhichwereconstructed bythe Iron andSteel.—Industry in Sheffieldshowsno si n overstocked and are off the marketaltogether, so that
WallscndSlipwayandEngineeringCompany,Limited, of improvement.Prices are still on the down gr s, with an entire absenceof businessvaluescannot be
anddevelop21,900shaft horse-power in theaggregate.but are considerably abovethoseof importedmaterial. fixed. Sellerswouldcertainlyentertainoflersat a good
The turbinesare of the impulsetype throughout,and Competitionin the iron marketis becoming verykeen. deal belowcontracts latel made. Imports are small
are arrangedwith the high and low-pressure units in Not only haveBritishmakersto meetthe low pricesof and dwindlingbut arestil too largeto suit consumers,
series. They are designedso that eitherunit can be their Belgian competitors,but from Lorrauie and several roomfor
of whomareat theirwits’ curl lo find storage
cargoes c oming
hand at rateswell forward.
workedindependently if necessary. We illustratea Luxembergsuppliesare comingto
set of high-pressureand low-pressureturbines with basic underwhatcanbeofferedonihe homemarket. French Iron andSIeel.—Transact-ions in manu
pig-iron,it is stated,is beingdeliveredin this Jllanufactured
theirrespectivereductiongearsin Fig. 2 on page 326, countryat little morethan61.,with forgeandfoundry facturediron and steelare few andsmell. Occasional
andfromthisthegeneralarrangement of the installa at from7!.to 71.50.,u.verysubstantial cut on thehome Slnallordersare reported,but bookingsof any conse
quencearenot heardof. Manyworksareonlypartially
tion canbefollowed,but asweproposeto givea.more producedarticle. A largenumberof our blastfurnacesemployed.Hard steelbilletshavefallen from 18!.to
detaileddescriptionof the machineryin a subsequentare idle, and there is every prospectof still further 151.; and soft billets from l7l. to 141.100. Other
issue we neednot referfurther to them here. The closingdown. Aoffered, certainamountof Lincolnshirciron principal quotationsare unalteredat: Commoniron
boilersareof theordinarymarinctype,six bcingdouble stock, continues to be but mostof ibis comes from bars,231.; ironrivets,311.: steelship,brid e andtank
there being little productionin the district.
endedandfour single-ended, andthe workingpressureThe steelproductionof the Sheflieldareais the least lates,211.; stoolangles,19!.10s.; steeljoists, 191.;
is 220lb. per squareinch. They are fitted for coal it hasbeenfor manyyears. Fewbranches ieavysectionsof steelrails, 18!.: fishplates,23!.; and
havecnough corrugated
firin and work underforceddraught. Superheatersworkto galvanised sheets,241.10s.
eventheshorttimetheyareat present
justify
are tted, and theseare designedto givea maximum running. R01ing mills areworkingthreeto four days '
superheatof 200deg.F. at the turbinemancruvringa week,largelyon steelrequiredin the sawandhand-
valves. tooldepartments.F0 areidlc. A furtherreduction Avur'rro.\'IN DsNMAax.—The Royal Dockyard,
21.in acid:steelbi etc has had little effecton the Copenhagen, is constructing a numberof newmotorsfor
Theauxiliarymachinery includesfourelectricgenerat of demand,makersstill having considerablestocks to aviationwork, of 175h.p. capacity,somewhaton the
ing sets placedin the engine-room and thesesupply disposeof. In basic steelthe homemarketis dead, linesof the160h.p. Benzmotor,whichdidsowellduring
currentforoperatinglifts, boatwinchesandotherappli mostof the presentproductionof bars, strip, hoops, thewar,but withseveralnewfeatures.Thusthecylin
ances,aswellasforlightingtheship. Hydrauliccranes wire rods and finishedgoods being from impor dersaremadeof forgedsteel,whilstthoseof the other
and derricksare providedon the decksfor handling material._The slump in high- steel is reflectedmotorsare of cast-iron. Passagesare also introduced
stores, ageanda certainamountof cargo,andthe in the ceiisa_.tion of the demandor ferroalloys. These into the motor base,throughwhich air is led to tho
hydraulicpowerplant is placedon the tank top just arenow beingofleredat exceptionally low prices,and carburettor,by whichmeansthe air is heatedand the
abaftof theengine-room onthestarboardside. Abreast thereportthattheunprofitable character of thetungstenmotorbasecooled. Muchexperimental work has been
of this, on the port side, is the refri cratingplant for industryis causinga at the mines,is viewed carriedon so as to ensurethedificrent.materialsused
with seriousalarmby stoppagesteemakers. The exporttradeis possessing the re uisiie qualities. The newmotorhas
coolingthe insulatedfood stores. ilarconi wireless unsatisfacforyand showsa seriousdrop. A certain passedthe oflicia testswhichcomprise a 50hours‘non
telegraphicapparatusis carriedas well as submarine amountof railwaymaterialis still goingto India and stoptestat 80percent.of itsmaximumower,andafter
signallingapparatus. There is also a very completeoverseas, but this alsois muchlessthanwasexportedwardsa 2 hours‘testatllull power,wit minortestsin
telegraphsystem connectingthe navigating bridge in January. orderto demonstrate its ran e andthequickness of con
to the engine-room and mooringbridge,as well as a trol, &c.,whetherit will wor satisfactorily in a slanting
SouthYorkshire CoalTrade.--~'l.‘he continued depressionpositionand so on. The new 175-h.p.motorsshoweda
setof telephones andvoicepipesgivingcommunication‘ in theexporttradeandtheheavystocksof slacksat the consumption ofbenzineof 0-217kg.perhorse-power hour,
betweenthe bridgeand the working arts of the ship. pitsandin wagonshascompelled a resortto shorttime. The motorweighs275kg., or 1-57kg. per developed
The trials just completedinclud a 6-hourspeed This is resultingin shortageof the bestfuelsso much horse-power.\Vith re ard to Danish aviationduring
test, a continuousrun of 24 hoursat 191} knots with in request. Thedemandfor thehigherqualitiesof large the presentyear,the anishAviationCompanyhopes
theship in a loadedcondition,and a further24-hour steamcoal,cobblesand nuts is considerably in cxcessto keepopentheroutesof lastyear,thatis Copenhagen
run at 18} knots to test the coal consumption.We by of the supply. The bulkof thebestherdsis still taken VVarnemiinde, and Co enhagen-Hamburg-Amsterdam
the railway companies, who are maintainingtheir The time wil be shortened,and therewill
understandthat the guaranteed results,in all respects,stockat the maximumpossible. Gascoal is in active London.betwodepartures dailyin eachdirection. The
wereeasilyattainedwith a comfortablemargin,and request,but the tonn e availableis limited,and com probably DanishAeroplane'1‘raf‘fic Company(DanskLuftrederi)
that a noticeablefeatureof the trials wasthe almost paniesare findingconsiderable difficultyin buildingup intendprincipallyto goin for passenger traffic. A route

’~
completeabsenceof vibration. This was just per reserves.House fuel, especiallybest qualities,are in to Basieis also undercontemplation, but nothinghas
ceptibleat the afterendof the ship, but couldnot be shortsupply,and merchants, findingtheir booksover beendefinitelysettledyet.
detectedin the public roomsand cabinsamidships. loaded,are bringingpressure to bearon the collieries,
It may be mentioned,in conclusion,that the Giulio In cokcthereisnoimprovement.Blastfurnacequalities
are quotedat 458.per ion at the ovens. (.‘-urrcntinTHE I’sm<svr.v.\.\'r.\ I{.\rr.rro.u>
thiscountryrealisetheenormous
S\'s'rr..\r.--Fewpeople
sizeof suchrailway
Cesareis the largest vesselbuilt at the Wallsend quotations at the pits are as follows:-Best branch systems
ShipyardsincetheMauretaniawascompletedin 1907. handpicked, 370.M. to 380.2d.; Bar-nsley a sthe l'ouns_vlvania. This company
bestsilkstone,lessthan28,032milesof trackandsiding,andtraverses hasnowno
‘is.241.to 370.8d.-;Derbyshirebestbrights,350.241. to 1,196miles of United Statesterritory in 14 States.
36s.2d.; Derbyshirehousecoal, 320.841.to 330.211.;It servesapproximately 52,000,000 people.or something
SHIPBUILDINGIN D1<:mr1mx.~The Burmeisterand Derbyshirebestlargenuts,328. 8d.to 330.8d.; Derby
Wain Shipyardin Copenhagen has had a satisfactoryshiresmallnuts,31:. Bd.to 32:. 811.;Yorkshirebards, like 48percent.of thepopulationof the UnitedStates,
and employsin its serviceno less than 250,000men.
ear,the lus for last yearamountin to 10,280,125 320.841. t o 330.8d. ; Derbyshire hards, 32s. lid. to 8,000locomotives
The stockcomprises and300,000 cars.
onen,whic enablesthe boardto decarea dividend 38s. 841.;rough slacks,280.2d. to 29:. 2d.,- nutty, A greatefforthas beenmadeon this systemlatelyto
of 12 per cent. The reservefund havingbeenduly 2'70. 2d.to 28s.2d.; smalls,234.2d.to 24-1. 2d. raisetheserviceto thepublicto thesamehi h Standard
providedfor and 2,000,000 kronenreservedfor taxes, for which it wasnotedbeforethe war, an with very
300,000 kronenareaddedto thepensionfund, 100,000 considerable effect. In Octoberthe numberof frains
llronento the men'said fund,the bulk of the balance, Swnnrsn-Gasman Ines TRADEAr.r.rsi<os"..—-A syndi operatedwas 129,866,of which 92-8 per cent. made
3,678,280 kronen, asideforextensions nowgoing cateof Swedishore companies and Scu.ndina\'ian iron schedule time,and 83percent.arrivedactuallyontime.
on. Otherwisethe being)set
anish shipbuildingindust is consumers contemplate establishing a salesbureaufor The EasternRegionaveraged2,663trainsa day, 88-3
ex riencing seriousdifficulties.Nearlyall firms ave oresandI\ purchasebureaufor iron andsteelat Berlin, per cent. being on time. In Septemberlast 53,183
re ucedthenumberof theirhands,someverymaterially,accordingto theIron Age,NewYork. TheSkunrlinuviskaminuteswerelost by locomotiveand car delayson a
andsomeare unfortunatelyin dilflcultieswhichit may Jaern (‘-ornpany, at Stockholm,and a numberof other totalof 129,745 passenger trains,whereas 60,792 minutes
be difficultfor them to weather. firms,includingsomein theDanishiron trade,are par had beenlost in the previousApril whenonly 106,508
ticipatingin thenewenterprise, whichwill berepresentedsuchtrainswererun. WhenGovernment controlended
in Germanyby the iron exportfirm of Bchrensand in February,1920,thebadorderfreightcarsnumbered
Tru-:.\lA'1'rr.nsouBnvsr. G1-:.ur Gsur-znxrmc .-\'l'l‘ACl(Barmwater.The newcompanyrepresents an attempt 23,444, or 8percent.of thetotalowned. This hadbeen
HENT.——Tll9 Alfred Herbert organisationsin India, on the part of Swedishore companies—which are reducedto lessthan4 percent.towardsthecloseof the
Australia and Japan were recently appointedsole anxiouslylookingfor an outlet for their stocksa-andyear. In April last yearthe averagefreightourmove
distributorsfor the Mattersonbevel gear enerating of bar ironandsheetmetal,to facili mentper day was only 14-48miles. In May efforts
attachment.This attachment,which is in e in two Copenhmpmbuyers tatefor anironworkstheimportoforesbyarranginghadresultedin thisbeingraisedto l8'77,andin June to
sires,namely,6 in. and 9 in., is for fixingto a shapor,somesort of com ion schemefor the suppl of 19-52. Everysubsequent monthnoticedsomeimprove
and will enableboth straight and spiral gearsto be ores,whichareto bepaidforinforeigncurrency. Vahile ment,till it roseto 23-4milesin October. At thesame
quicklyandefiicientlycut up to 0 in. and9 in. diameterthe Germanworkshavehithartoforegenerallyfollowed time improvedloadingwas attained. The Association
4 D.P. It is believedthatthereis a widefieldfor such the practiceof sellingin marks,theyarenowapparentlyof Railway Executivesnamed30 tons per loadedcar
an attachmentin the automobile,repairand neral to invoicein kronen,theirobligations being,soto speak, as a figureto beaimedat in pullingtherailroadsround
engineeringshops. The manufacturersare essrs. automaticallyredeemedby an intemal compensation after decontrol. In June the Pennsylvaniasystem
Mntterson,Limited, Shawclough, near Rochdale,who agreement betweenthe Swedishore exportersand the averaged41-7for car load shipments, this beingraised
have preparedn comprehensive folder givin the Danishsteelimporters. For thetimebeingtheactivity to 43-4 tons for some 16,000,000 tons of freight in
necessary workinginstructionsand usefuldataw ichis of the Germanconcernwill apparentlybe mainlyalong August,while for over 10,000,000 tons of coal, coke
sentout witheachattachment. administrative lines. andoretheaveragecurloadwas53tons.
26 ENGINEERING. EMARCH 18, 1921
-r

THE STEAMER “
QUADRUPLE GEARED-TURBINE GIULIO CESARE.”
(For Description, seePage 323.)

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Fla. SLIPWAY AND ENGINEERING,LIMITED, \V».LLsE:~w-on-TYNE.

---*-Q-Iiiqli
 EN G IN E E R IN G. [Nov. 11, 1921.

THE MACHINERY OF THE FOUR-SCREW GEARED TURBINE S.S. “GIULIO CESARE.”

CONSTRUCTED BY THE WALLSEND SLIPWAY AND ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED, WALLSEND-ON-TYNE.

Fig. 40SECTION LOOK/WGFOR ARD SHow/NG H. P. PIN/ow .

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IN our issueof March 18 last, page323,we gavea inch and fitted with superheaterswith which a super seen that the ahead section consistsof 10 simple
general description of the passengerliner Giulio heat of 200 deg. F. can be maintainedon the turbine impulsewheelspreceded by a velocitycompoundedstage
Cesare, constructedby Messrs. Swan, Hunter and manoeuvringvalves. The whole of the boilers and havingtwo rowsof bladeson thewheel. This arrang”.
WighamRichardson,for the passenger servicebetween main machineryand part of the auxiliary machinery ment allows of a large drop of pressureat the first
Genoaand BuenosAyres. We nowdescribeher ma has been constructedand installed by the Wallsend stage so that high superheatsand pressures are con:
chineryin greaterdetail. The boiler roomis shown Slipway and EngineeringCompany,Limited. There fined to the nozzle boxes on the front cover,this
in Figs. 1 and 2, on our two-pageplate, the latter are two sets of aheadturbines,viz., a high-pressureminimising possible dangers from distortion. The
omitting the starboardbunkers,whilst Figs. 3 to 8 and a low-pressureturbine on eachside of the ship nozzles supplying the first wheel are arranged...in.
its

showthe engineroom. The vessel,which attainedon driving independentshafts. Fig. 17, page 664, is groups,eachfitted with own controlvalve. This
her six-hour full power trial a speed of 194 knots, reproducedfrom a photographand showsthe forward arrangementreducesthe consumption steamwhen
of

has four screwsdriven throughsingle reductiongear ends of the two turbines,whilst Fig. 18 on the same running low powers. Comprised thesamecasin:
at

in

by impulsesteamturbinesdevelopingin the aggregatepageis reproduced from a photographtakenfrom the an asternturbine, which velocitycompounded
is

is
a

21,900shaft horse-power,and supplied with steam afterendandshowsthe gearcasesandalsothe working wheel having three rows movingblades.
of

It
is
'

seen,completelypartitioned fromtheahead
off
be

by six double-endedand four single-endedboilers, gear. A sectionthrough the high pressureturbineis will
designedfor a workingpressureof 220lb. per square represented in Fig. 15,page663. From this it will be turbine, this arrangementbeing necessarybeca"
 11,
Nov. 1921.]
Mr. ENG IN E E RING
TURBINES OF THE FOUR-SCREW

G
EARED TURBINE “GIULIO CESARE.”
---
S.S.
CONSTRUCTED BY THE WALLSEND

-
SLIPWAY AND ENGINEERING COMPANY., LIMITED,

***
WALLSEND.ON-TYNE.
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the exhauststea from this, high-pressure reverse independentlyshouldthe necessityarise. The adjust
m

turbine - The turbines drive their pinions through flexible

is --
--

discharged the low-pressure reverse|ing the forward endsof claw couplings forged steel. Sectionsthrough the
or
to

at

-
of

turbine,so that thrust blocks are fitted

13

connecting required type. gear casingsare given Figs. 10, and 14, on the
of

are the turbinesand are the Michell The turbine

in

between the two turbines.

11

section through the shafts and wheels are steel forgings, and phosphor oppositepage,and,
as

shown Figs. and 12, the

in
A

'pressure turbine represented

by

Fig. 16, blading. casings

in

- above. bronze used for the- The - are for pinionsare supported centralbearing. The body
inis

-
is

- - -
a
*h

section, this
a 11

ahead case,consists simple the most part but steelcastingsare use gear iron,
ofof

of of

cast iron,
d
in of

of

the wheel cast but the teethare cut

is

im
Pulsewheels,and the astern section three- for that part the high-pressureturbine where high forgedsteel rings which are shrunk upon the cast.
stage
as

Velocitycompoundedwheel shown. temperaturemay prevail. The diaphragms are

*,
is of

iron centres. pinions

In

the nickelsteelhasbeenused.
normalconditionsthe two turbines work cast iron with nickel steelguide bladescastin. As
in

The gearcasingsare castironandhavebeendesigned

of
*

up

but provision made for operating either customary,forcedlubrication fitted

be
all

so
as

thebearings. easilyopened for examination overhaul,

is

or
to

to
is
 664 ENG IN E E R IN G. [Nov. 11, 1921.

As is well known, the satisfactoryworking of these and four single-endedboilers, the whole

of
which NOTES FROM SOUTH YORKSHIRE.
high speedgears is dependentupon an ample and are arranged four watertightcompartments with the

in
SHEFFIELD,Wednesday.
continuoussupply of lubricant to the teeth, and to single-endedboilers placed aft. The boilers are all

of
Iron and Steel.—Amorenormalcondition affairs

15
oil

as

in.
sprayersare provided indicatedunder diameter,while the length the double

ft.
this end

of
graduallybeginning establishitself the market

in

to

in
6

is
10

be 22
pinions Figs. single-ended

ft.
neaththe and 13. materials. Concurrently

of in
£

of
endedboilers and the boilers for raw andsemi-finished with

to is
The controlling the turbines under manoeuvring11 ft. in. There are all 48 furnaceswhich are further cuts the price locally producedsteel,the

in

of
in
6
easilyreplacedshouldthe occasion quotations foreigncompetitors are appreciating,

so
as
conditions conductedfrom the engine room main arranged

ofof
is and
themargin differencei thusbeing

wi
platform, the necessaryhandwheelsand gear being at:8e. Sheffield

s
expectsoon find themselvesi position

to
Howden's forced steelmakers

n
on
standard conveniently arranged. The air supply provided

a
grouped upon

is
quote favourably against Continentalproducers.

to
a
Steamstrainersare placed the admissionbranchesdraughtsystem. The two funnels are oval shaped The abundance inquiries

in

of
circulationshowsthat

toin
the high-pressure aheadand asterngoingturbines, with outercasingscarriedthe full height,and the total potential buyers are eager
toof

resumebusinesswith
whichareled thesteampipesfrom the manoeuvringheight the funnel above the furnaces about makers materials guaranteed quality. This desire

of

of

of
is
up
The air for the forced draught system largelyarisesfromthe unsatisfactory

ft.
on
valves, these being situated high the engine 126 resultswhichhave

is
9, by
supplied eight single type beenobtained producing finished goodsfrom cheap

in
room forward bulkheadand receiving steam through inlet motor driven fans
materials Belgian and Germanorigin. Following

of
the bulkhead self-closingand emergencystop valve. situated roomsimmediatelyabove the stokeholdssimilarreduction

a
in
basic steel, Siemens acidbilletshave

in
Adjacent the controllinggearareplacedthecounters, (see Fig. page 662). These fans deliver the air beenmarkeddown per ton 13/.,andBessemer
to

is11

to
acid
tachometersand pressuregauges. The thrust, inter down theair heatingboxesthroughtrunks. Arrange to 121.10s. There more hematiteon offerthan

to

at is
be
so
working

of
mediateand propellershaftsaremadefrom ingot steel mentsaremade that the the fans can required the currentrate consumption.Makers

at

inof
forgings,and the thrust block the single collar controlledboth from the fan room and the stokehold foundryiron havedifficulty disposing stocks

of

of
of
tois

as
the main gear case floor. For dealing with the ashesand refuse the ratesevenas 5l. 15s. ton. Very little

to
low 5l.

of
Michell type. attached

a
is
It

inquiry forthcomingfor an abundance steelscrap.

up
ejectors provided,

of
of
stokeholds number ash are

is
seating
to

and secured raised built from the tank

a
a

position the armamentsectionhas beenfurther

an
The

in
as
Fig. page662, hoist,
an

9.
top., The turninggear,whichincludes independent shown and ash steam improvedby

in
the apportionment contractsfor the

of
steamengineoperatesthe turningwheel driven, alsofitted eachstokehold.

in
single-cylinder

is
Sheffieldfirm. Armour-plate

to
fourth battlecruiser

a
on

placed the shaftingaft the main thrust block,

be
of

still beingmadefor Japan, andactivity

to
found

inis

is

.
as

shown Fig. 18,page666. theproduction navalshells. Whenworkonthenew

in

of
WATERworksAND SEwBRAGE A TCHAUNY (FRANCE).—

be
getsinto swingtherewill
in.so

The condensingplant has beendesigned that a at British cruisercontracts

a
As result thecompetitionopenedby theMunicipality heavydemandfor supplementary

of
tonnages steeland

of
a
full power vacuum not less than 28}
of

with Chauny (France) for drinking water supply and tools. Usefulordersare forthcomingfromtheSheffield
of
of a

''
30

upbe

barometer can easily maintained. The sewerage,the

in

first water works prize 10,000francs Corporation

of
connection with their roadandsewerage

in
steelplatesand angles has beenawarded Mr. Jean Maillard, engineer
of

to
condenser bodiesare built

of

on
schemes, which they are spending125,000l.
whilst the water boxes,endsand doorsare iron cast Public Works, Paris, and the secondwater-worksprize relief foundry has securedan order valued, over

at
local

A
5,000 Son,
of

ings, and the tubesand tube platesare brass. The francsto Messrs.W. H. Radfordand civil 8,000l.for the supply and erection

an
of

of

of
installation
condenserbodies are semi-circular shapeand are engineers,Nottingham. The same competitorshave steam-pipework for the CossiporeElectric Generating
in

turbine, obtained prizes the same amounts for sewerage,Station, Calcutta.

of
situatedimmediatelybeneaththe low-pressure Sheffieldfirms are doing fairly

a
but the Englishengineers have beenclassed first, the heavy business this class
an

thus ensuring effectivedrainage moisturefrom second

to of
and have

in
of

prizebeingearnedby the Parisengineer. on hand substantial orders for British corporations.

the turbinesandalsoprovidingfor the shortestpossible expected accruefromtheLondon
Local benefit also

is
connectionbetweenthe turbine and the condensing
CoMBINEDOPEN-HEARTH AND ELECTRICFURNACE.— underground railway extensions.
surface. Ample provision has been made for the Dealingwith the visits
to
works the South-Eastern SouthYorkshireCoal Trade.—Nowthat railway.com.

in
of

overhauland withdrawal tubes. district France,paid July last by number French panieshavereducedrequirements,
of

of
in
collieriesfinddifficulty

ina
The main circulatingpumps are the centrifugal engineers,ProfessorGuillet states the Proceedings disposing their outputs hardsteams. The home
of

of

is of
in
the Sociétédes IngénieursCivils, Paris, that

at
type, fitted duplicate,each pump being driven by
is ofof

one industrialdemand general veryunsatisfactory,

in

nor

in
works belonging the Allevard Companythere
to

one single-cylinder vertical double-acting enclosed theplant much improvementanticipateduntil solutioncan

beis

a
which, his belief, absolutelyunique,
to

forced lubrication engine. is price difficulty. Cobblesand

of
found the contract
to

a
In

addition the main namely,

an open-hearthfurnacewhich, according

to
nutsareonly slowmarket. There shade improve.

of
sea inlet valves, alternative openings are provided needs circumstances

is
of a

a
can work with gas
or

or
electric ment slacks,thoughvaluesarestill

on
theweakside.

in
on

for use shallowwaters. One the pumps each current. This

of
in

5-tonfurnacehaving specialroof; The advent wintry weatherhas given welcome

is
ana

arranged a

a
as
to

draw direct from the for working electricfurnace,two electrodesare impetus

of

side the vessel Foundry coke

is

housecoal.

is
to
deliver through separate overboard broughtoverthefurnaceandlet downthroughthe roof goingout business

in
bilges and Quotations:—Best branch
to

freely.

of
hand
dischargevalves. The main air pumps are the by an overheadtraveller,whenthe gas inletsareclosed. handpicked,40s. 4is.; Barnsley best Silkstone,
of

to
independentvertical dual type driven by one steam Thus transformed,the furnace comparable
to
is

Derbyshire best brights, 35s, 36.3

to

to to
40s.
rolling Derbyshire 41s.:
cylinder. The pumps are the merchantservice Héroult furnace. The same works has best house, 35s.: Derbyshirebest large
a
of

pattern,having gunmetalbarrelswith cast-ironbases mill h.p., directly driven by water turbine developingnuts, 30s. 32s. Derbyshiresmall nuts,278. 29%,

to
a

with peaks 500h.p. and 600h.p. hards,28*.6d.

:
of

300 Yorkshirehards,29s, 30s. Derbyshire

to
and tops. coolerfor coolingthe supply injection

;
is of

slacks,
A

29s. 6d. roughslacks, 17s. 18s.: nutty to

to
water the suction the dry air pump provided, THE THORNYCROFT
to

; ;
2-Ton LoRRY.–Messrs. John
of

smalls,58. 108.
of I.

to
so as to reduceto minimumthe volumeof air to be Thornycroftand Co., Limited, recentlyenteredone 16s. t o 17s.
a

an

removed per stroke. Two pairs single-cylindertheir 2-ton, “B.T.” type lorriesfor extendedroad
of

open competitionrules the Royal

of

direct acting main feed pumps are provided,having trial under the Club, with demonstratingthe NOTES FROM CLEVELAND AND THE
to

iron, gunmetal Automobile view

£
a
of

waterends cast but fittedwith liners NORTHERN COUNTIES.

conjunction with the feed water capabilities Thornycroftlorry everydayservice.
ofof

in

MIDDLESBRoUGH, Wednesday.
a

and buckets.
In

The results the trial were extremelysatisfactory,

arrangements thereare fitted filters the gravitation and the Expert andTechnicalCommittee the Royal The ClevelandIron Trade.—Verylittle new ascer.
of

is
in of

the

So

as
type whichhavecombinedwith themthe float control Automobile Club, their meeting on October 20, tainable concerningClevelandpig-iron. far output
at

gearfor regulatingthe working themainfeedpumps. awardedthe Dewar trophy the lorry question. betterqualitiesareconcerned the very restricted
to
of

proving quite needs, but any

the surfacemultiflowtype This trophy awardedannuallyfor themostmeritoriousimprovement sufficientfor current
is
of

The feedwaterheater
is

the
is

all
any certifiedtrial held duringthe period demandwould quickly absorb
in
15in

arranged utilisetheexhauststeamfromthe auxiliary

to

following iron availablefor disposal. To homecustomers

14

year October No.

to

romOctober one the

in

in

1
machinery. The shell
of

of of

this heater made cast year. The route covered

by

115s.,andNo. G.M.B. 110s.,whilstexportprices

is

lorry
atof of is

the the trials at is

toin

iron. Auxiliary feed pumps, four number, the 5s

in

was from London Land's End, thence Edinburgh these descriptionsare abovehome quotations.
to

single-cylinderdirect-actingvertical type are supplied and back London, total distance 1,260miles Foundry keepssteady 105s.The inferiorgrades
to

of of

of
a

- iron are very plentiful and difficult dispose

:

and fitted up

to
the boiler rooms. the trial occupiedten days. The averagerunningspeed
in

for
the recognised market quotations 100s. No.
of
An auxiliary condenserhaving the shell built up was 15.9 m.p.h. the consumption motor spirit

"
13;

the gallon,equivalent forge,and mottled,and97s.6d.for whiteiron.

at

to

to

steel platesand angleswith cast-ironends fitted worked out miles

of

is

69.3ton-miles pergallon. The lorry was fully loaded, i ts Hematite.—Amarked downwardtendency Pas"

in
up the engine room. conjunction with this
a In
in

total running weight, including the driver and two Coasthematite noticeable,due thefactthatsupply
to

condenserthere provided centrifugalcirculating passengers,

is
a is

being tons cwt. During the trial, the considerably excess requirements:
of
somewhat
in
is
5

pump driven by single-cylinderenclosedengine. enginewas governed preventits being over-driven.with the result that makersstocks are accumulating.
is A

to

single-cylinderdirect acting monotypeair pump

oil

consumption workedout 504milespergallon. andindeedthere somereason fearthat outputmay

at

to

The
is

also providedhaving pump barrel gunmetalwith Throughoutthewholetrial no adjustments

of

wereeffectedbe curtailed the near future demanddoesnot

in
a

if

cast-ironbaseand top. except clean chokedpetrolcock. improve. Producersare free quotewhatratesthey

to

to
a

For maintainingthe forcedlubrication number like, and anxiety quit"

to

their secureordersare
toin
of
a

regret prepared
on

single-cylinderdirect acting vertical pumps are fitted THE LATEDR.Jose:PH WILLIAMRICHARDs.—We makeprice concessions, especially exp'"
learnthat Dr. W. Richards,Professor Metallurgy account.Nos.
for
atto

at of

put 120s,both

''
at
J.

and are still

2'

working conjunctionwith oil coolers,strainersand

3
i.
in

LehighUniversity,Pennsylvania,andsecretary the
of

homeconsumptionand for despatch foreigndes"

to

'':
all

arranged accordancewith the dictates Society,died Bethlehem,tions,

of

tanks
in

AmericanElectrochemical but possiblyoffers the neighbourhood

isof
in

£
on

past experience. Pumps the vertical duplextype Pa., October12. By birth Richardswasan English would receivefavourableconsideration.No.
of

half
1
he

are fittedfor circulatingwater through the oil coolers. man; was born Oldbury 1864,but was only
in

in

crownabovemixedNos.
inor hea
a

the vertical duplex type, few yearsold, whentaken over America,where

to

Three ballast pumps,

of

High Philadelphia. Foreign Ore.—There hardly anythingdoing."

is
at

of

are provided,each whichhas capacity 200tons waseducated theCentral School

of

of

foreignore, tradersrealisingthe futility

he

of
a

1886 graduated Lehigh University; year

at
In

water per hour.

a
of

put business momentthroughuntil stockshave

to

two later he was

of

assistant instructor
Pumps similar patternare alsofittedfor dealing metallurgy remained been much reduced,and arrears deliveriesagain"
he
of

of

college,
at

that with which

a

respectively with the other water and sanitary connecteduntil his death. Richards was one the old contractshavebeenconsiderably
of

overtaken.
is,

services. There addition, reservefire pump “insurgents’’ who, nearly twenty years ago, seceded
in

Coke.—Cokei quiet. AverageDurhamblast-furnace

a

placed low down the engine fromthe AmericanInstitute ElectricalEngineersand kind put
of
at

delivered,but that rathermo"

of

the forward end

at

30s.
is

is

Society foundthe American

to
an

room, which driven through gearingby electric the AmericanChemical than local consumersare inclined pay.
to
is

ElectrochemicalSociety,followingthe establishment
of

motor placedabovethe load waterline. -

wasby ManufacturedIron and Steel.–In the finished,

£
iron
Evaporating and distilling plant has also been theDeutsche BunsenGesellschaft.The secession
no meansregardedwith favourby thetwo maininstitu and steel industriesordersthat are beingsecured a'
by

supplied the machinerycontractorsand comprises tions from whichthe new Electrochemical week
Societydrew for small parcels. The only quotablechangethis
two vertical evaporatorseach capable supplying most its members but the new bodysoonjustified drop 10s. billets. The followingare among
of

in
of

is
of

tons waterper day. They areheatedwith steam its right existence,and has growninto verylarge the principal marketrates—Commoniron bars:14,
72

:
of

of

16i
it

taken directly from the boiler. These evaporators and influential Institution. Richards was its first steel boiler plates. steel ship, bridgeandtank
lates,10l.,10s. steelangles,10l. steeljoists,10l.10:
are fitted with self-feedingand continuous brining presidentand was electedits secretary 1907; that eavy
in

;
he

arrangement. For supplyingcirculating water the likewiseretainedtill the end. He died steel rails, 10l. 10s. fishplates,15l.,10s, black
to

heart,failure. He was very active man, wrote sheets, 15i. 10... 16:...' and corrugatedgalvanised
to
of

distillers two pumps the vertical duplex type are few books,
a

ina

sheets,19l.
of

and started, togetherwith Dr. Roeber,

fitted. 1902,thejournal Electrochemical Industry,first monthly Imports Iron and steel.-Interestingreturnsissued
of
a

the ordinary multitubular type, now weeklyunderthetitle Chemical

of

The boilers are and Metailurgi. by theTees ConservancyCommissioners this weekgiv'

a

already mentioned. There are six double-endedEngineering,and leadingjournal this field.

as

the iron andsteel imports the port Middlesbrough

in
a

to

of
*
666
ENG IN E E R IN G. [Nov. 11, 1921.

THE MACHINERY OF THE FOUR-SCREW GEARED TURBINE S.S. “GIULIO CESARE.”

CONSTRUCTED BY THE WALLSEND SLIPWAY AND ENGINEERING COMPANY., LIMITED, WALLSEND-ON-TYNE.
(For Description,see Page 662.)

FIG. 17. VIEw of STARBOARDSET of TURBINES FROM FoRWARD END.

".

FIG. 18. VIEW OF STARBOARDSET of TURBINES FROM AFT END

 *O- arswood
woso.o.
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