2.2.

DREF-2

This is the development with earlier machine. DREF-2 was exhibited in the year 1975 at
ITMA exhibition. The feasibility of using two perforated rotating cylinders, (as fibre
collecting means), while at the same time the spinning-in of fibres into yarn occurred [3]. It
operates on the basis of mechanical/aerodynamic spinning system with an internal suction and
same direction of drums rotation [4]. The schematic diagram of the DREF-2 friction spinner
is shown in the figure3. Drafted slivers are opened into individual fibres by a rotating carding
drum covered with saw tooth type wire clothing. The individualized fibres are stripped off
from the carding drum by centrifugal force supported by an air stream from the blower and
transported into the nip of two perforated friction drums where they are held by suction. The
fibres are sub-sequentially twisted by mechanical friction on the surface of the drums. Suction
through the perforations of the drums assists this process besides helping in the removal of
dust and dirt, thereby contributing to production of cleaner yarn [5]. The low yarn strength
and the requirement of more number of fibers in yarn cross-section (minimum 80-100 fibers)
were restricted the DREF-2 spinning with coarser counts (0.3-6s Ne).

SELF TWIST SPINNING:

If the strand is passed forward (by the delivery movement) between rubbing rollers (N), which
are also moving to and fro, then it will be continuously twisted with alternating Z- and S- twist
over successive short portions (Fig. 67 and Fig. 68). The counter-torque created in the yarn will,
however, eliminate this twist immediately after the yarn leaves the roller nipping line. If –
instead of one strand – two fiber strands are passed through while arranged parallel and very
close to each other, then the counter-torque can no longer operate solely on one yarn. It must
operate on both, and causes twisting of the two threads around each other. A plied thread is
created with continually varying twist direction – Z-twist where S-twist is present in both yarns
and S-twist where the yarns had originally Z-twist. In most cases, the strength of the self-twist
thread made in this way is not quite sufficient because of the untwisted pieces between the
twisted portions – it must be additionally twisted subsequently.
In worsted spinning, its sole field of application, self-twist spinning (also known as Repco
spinning) has been in use for several years, although not on a very large scale.