ACTIVE FILTERS 4.

A ________ filter significantly attenuates all

frequencies below fc and passes all frequencies
1. A ________ filter rejects all frequencies within a above fc.
specified band and passes all those outside this
A. low-pass
band.
A. low-pass B. high-pass

B. high-pass C. band-pass

C. band-pass D. band-stop
Answer: Option B
D. band-stop
Answer: Option D
5.

2. Identify the frequency response curve for a band-

pass filter.

The gain of the multiple-feedback band-pass filter

above is equal to which of the following? Assume
C = C1 = C2.
A. A0 = R2 / R1

B. A0 = R1 / R2
A. a
C. A0 = R2 / 2 R1
B. b
D. A0 = R1 / 2 R2
C. c Answer: Option C
D. d
Answer: Option A 6. Refer to the given figure. This circuit is known as a
________ filter, and the fc is ________.

3. Filters with the ________ characteristic are useful

when a rapid roll-off is required because it
provides a roll-off rate greater than –
20/dB/decade/pole.
A. Butterworth

B. Chebyshev

C. Bessel
Answer: Option B
 A. high-pass, 1.59 kHz
10. Refer to the given figure. The roll-off of the circuit
B. band-pass, 15.9 kHz
shown is about
C. low-pass, 15.9 kHz

D. high-pass, 15.9 kHz

Answer: Option D

7. The bandwidth in a ________ filter equals the

critical frequency.
A. low-pass

B. high-pass

C. band-pass
A. 20 dB/decade.
D. band-stop
B. 40 dB/decade.
Answer: Option A
C. 60 dB/decade.

D. 80 dB/decade.
8. Filters with the ________ characteristic are used
for filtering pulse waveforms. Answer: Option A
A. Butterworth
11. Refer to this figure. This is a ________ filter.
B. Chebyshev

C. Bessel
Answer: Option C

9. Refer to the given figure. The roll-off of this filter is

about

A. low-pass

B. high-pass

C. band-pass

D. band-stop
Answer: Option B
A. 20 dB/decade.

B. 40 dB/decade. 12. Which filter exhibits a linear phase characteristic?

A. Bessel
C. 60 dB/decade.
B. Butterworth
D. 80 dB/decade.
Answer: Option A C. Chebyshev
 D. all of the above A. Bessel
Answer: Option A B. Butterworth

C. Chebyshev
13. Refer to the given figure. The cutoff frequency of
this filter is ________, and the circuit is known as D. all of the above
a ________. Answer: Option C

17. Which filter has a maximally flat response?

A. Bessel

B. Butterworth

C. Chebyshev

D. all of the above

Answer: Option B

A. 721 Hz, low-pass filter

18. Identify the frequency response curve for a high-
B. 721 Hz, high-pass filter pass filter.

C. 72 Hz, low-pass filter

D. 721 Hz, band-pass filter

Answer: Option A

14. The critical frequency is defined as the point at

which the response drops ________ from the
passband.
A. –20 dB

B. –3 dB

C. –6 dB

D. –40 dB
Answer: Option B
A. a
15. Filters with the ________ characteristic provide a B. b
very flat amplitude in the passband and a roll-off
rate of –20 dB/decade/pole. C. c
A. Butterworth
D. d
B. Chebyshev Answer: Option B

C. Bessel
Answer: Option A 19. Identify the frequency response curve for a low-
pass filter.
16. Which filter exhibits the most rapid roll-off rate?
 A. 2.46 kHz

B. 1.23 kHz

C. 644 Hz

D. not enough information given

Answer: Option B

22. Refer to this figure. Increasing the values of the

filter section resistors in this circuit will cause the
fc to

A. a

B. b

C. c
A. increase.
D. d
Answer: Option C B. decrease.

C. remain the same.

20. Refer to the given figure. This is a ________ D. increase and then decrease.
filter.
Answer: Option B

23. One important application of a state-variable

________ filter with a summing amplifier is to
minimize the 60 Hz "hum" in audio systems.
A. low-pass

B. high-pass

C. band-pass

D. band-stop
A. band-pass Answer: Option D
B. band-stop

C. high-pass 24. Refer to the given figure. This is a ________ filter,

and it has a cutoff frequency of ________.
D. low-pass
Answer: Option A

21. A low-pass filter has a cutoff frequency of 1.23

kHz. Determine the bandwidth of the filter.
 C. 10, decrease

D. 6, decrease
Answer: Option B

2. ________ frequencies are values of frequency at

which the RC circuits reduce the voltage gain to
70.7% of its midrange value.
A. Critical

B. Cutoff

C. Corner
A. high-pass, 21 Hz
D. all of the above
B. low-pass, 21 Hz
Answer: Option D
C. high-pass, 2.65 kHz
3. A roll-off of 20 dB per decade is equivalent to a
D. low-pass, 2.65 kHz roll-off of ________ per octave.
Answer: Option C A. 3 dB

B. 13 dB
25. Refer to the given figure. RA = 2.2 k and RB =
C. 12 dB
1.2 k . This filter is probably a
D. 6 dB
Answer: Option D

4. An amplifier has an Rin = 1.2 k . The coupling

capacitor is 1 F. Determine the approximate
lower cutoff frequency.
A. 133 Hz

B. 1.33 kHz

C. 13.3 kHz

D. 133 kHz
Answer: Option A

A. Butterworth type. 5. Refer to this figure. The output voltage at fcl = 12

mV. What is the output voltage at the midpoint
B. Bessel type.
frequency?
C. Chebyshev type.
Answer: Option A

AMPLIFIER FREQUENCY RESPONSE

1. Doubling the voltage gain causes a ________ dB
________.
A. 10, increase

B. 6, increase
 D. 21.9 kHz
Answer: Option C

9. Internal transistor junction capacitances affect the

high-frequency response of amplifiers by
A. reducing the amplifier's gain.

introducing phase shift as the signal

B.
frequency increases.

C. having no effect.

reducing the amplifier's gain and

D. introducing phase shift as the signal
frequency increases.
A. 12 mV
Answer: Option D
B. 12 mV p-p
10. What is the method that can be used to determine
C. 16.97 mV the values of fcl and fcu of an amplifier?
A. five time constants
D. 8.48 mV
Answer: Option C B. step-response

C. sinusoidal
6. Each RC circuit causes the gain to drop at a rate
of ________ dB/decade. Answer: Option B
A. 20
11. An amplifier has an input signal voltage of 0.054
B. 10 mV. The output voltage is 12.5 V. The voltage
gain in dB is
C. 6
A. 53.6 dB.
D. none of the above
B. 107.3 dB.
Answer: Option A
C. 231 dB.
7. The phase shift through the input of an RC circuit
approaches ________° as the frequency D. 116 dB.
approaches zero. Answer: Option B
A. 0
12. The lower critical frequency is also known as the
B. 45 A. break frequency.
C. 180 B. cutoff frequency.
D. 90 C. corner frequency.
Answer: Option D
D. all of the above
8. A certain amplifier has a bandwidth of 22.5 kHz Answer: Option D
with a lower cutoff frequency of 600 Hz. What is
the value of fcu?
A. 600 Hz

B. 22.5 kHz

C. 23.1 kHz
13. Refer to this figure. The capacitor C3 affects frequency. Which RC response will determine the
critical frequency of the amplifier?
A. the lowest frequency

B. the center frequency

C. the highest frequency

D. the bypass frequency

Answer: Option C

17. A ten-times change in frequency is called a(n)

A. octave.

B. decade.

A. high-frequency response. C. decimal.

B. low-frequency response. D. none of the above

Answer: Option B
C. midrange response.

D. nothing. 18. An amplifier has an output voltage of 7.6 V p-p at

the midpoint of the frequency range. What is the
Answer: Option B output at fc?

14. An RC network has a roll-off of 20 dB per decade. A. 3.8 V p-p

What is the total attenuation between the output
B. 3.8 Vrms
voltage in the midrange of the passband as
compared to the output voltage at a frequency of C. 5.4 Vrms
10 times fc?
A. –3 dB D. 5.4 V p-p
Answer: Option D
B. –20 dB

C. –23 dB 19. The frequency response of an amplifier can be

determined using the step response method, and
D. –43 dB measuring the output rise/fall times between
Answer: Option B A. 0% and 100% response.

B. 10% and 90% response.

15. It is often convenient in amplifiers to assign a
certain value of gain as the ________ dB C. 25% and 75% response.
reference.
A. 0 D. five time constant responses.
Answer: Option B
B. 1

C. 6

D. 10

E. 20
Answer: Option A

16. For low-frequency response, all RC circuits in an

amplifier may not have the same critical
20. Refer to this figure. The capacitor Cbe affects

A. A. 9.49 V p-p
high-frequency response.
B. 6.71 V p-p
B. low-frequency response.

C. midrange response. C. 0.671 V p-p

D. nothing. D. 0.0671 V p-p

Answer: Option A Answer: Option C

23. Refer to this figure. The capacitor C1 affects

21. Refer to this figure. You measure an output
voltage at the lower cutoff frequency of 3.42 V p-
p. The output voltage at the upper cutoff
frequency will be

A. high-frequency response.

B. low-frequency response.
A. 2.42 V p-p. C. midrange response.
B. 3.42 V p-p. D. nothing.
C. 6.84 V p-p. Answer: Option B

D. 6.84 Vrms. 24. In a multistage amplifier, the overall frequency

Answer: Option B
22. Refer to this figure. The upper cutoff frequency of
this amplifier is 22 kHz. The output at that
frequency is 6.71 V p-p. What is the output
voltage at 220 kHz?
response is determined by the
frequency response of each stage
A. depending on the relationships of the
critical frequencies.
B. frequency response of the first amplifier.
 C. frequency response of the last amplifier.

lower critical frequency of the first amplifier

D. and the upper critical frequency of the final
amplifier.
Answer: Option A

25. What term means that the midrange voltage gain

is assigned a value of 1 (or 0 dB)?
A. critical

B. Miller

C. normalized

D. corner A. increase.
Answer: Option C B. decrease.

26. An RC network has values of R = 1.2 k and C = C. remain the same.

0.22 F. Find fc. Answer: Option B
A. 3.79 kHz
29. A two-times change in frequency is called a(n)
B. 1.89 kHz
A. binave.
C. 603 Hz
B. octave.
D. 60 Hz
C. decade.
Answer: Option C
D. none of the above
27. Halving the power corresponds to a ________ dB Answer: Option B
________.
A. 3, decrease 30. Refer to this figure. You are attempting to
determine the lower cutoff frequency of this
B. 10, decrease amplifier in the lab. As you change the input
frequency and measure the output signal, you
C. 3, increase must remember to
D. 10, increase
Answer: Option A

28. Refer to this figure. If RL decreases in value, the

output voltage will

A. set the oscilloscope to DC.

B. maintain the input voltage constant.

C. keep a constant temperature.

 D. watch for a change of . 8. Coupling and bypass capacitors affect the high-
Answer: Option B frequency response of an amplifier.
A. True
TRUE OR FALSE
B. False
1. A decade of frequency change is a change by a
Answer: Option B
factor of 10.
A. True 9. The lower and upper critical frequencies of an
amplifier can be determined using the step-
B. False response method.
Answer: Option A A. True

2. Miller's theorem is used in the high-frequency B. False

analysis of BJTs and FETs.
Answer: Option A
A. True
10. The basis for the decibel unit stems from the
B. False logarithmic response of the human ear to the
Answer: Option A intensity of sound.
A. True
3. One characteristic of amplifiers is that the sum of
the voltage gain and the bandwidth is always B. False
constant when the roll-off is –20 dB/decade.
Answer: Option A
A. True
LINEAR DIGITAL ICs
B. False
Answer: Option B 1. What is the level of the output voltage of a ladder-
network conversion?
4. Internal transistor capacitances affect the high- The analog output voltage proportional to
frequency response of amplifiers. A.
the digital input voltage
A. True
The digital output voltage proportional to
B.
B. False the linear input voltage
Answer: Option A C. A fixed digital value Vref

5. At the cutoff frequency the output is down 20 dB. D. A fixed analog value Vref
A. True Answer: Option A

B. False 2. Which of the following is not a linear/digital IC?

Answer: Option B A. Phase-locked loop

6. The term "dBm" means decibels referenced to 1 B. Voltage-controlled oscillator

mW of power.
C. Passive filter
A. True
D. Comparator
B. False
Answer: Option C
Answer: Option A
3. A 339 IC is an example of a fourteen-pin DIP that
7. Bandwidth is the difference between fcl and fcu. can be made to function as a ________.
A. True A. comparator
B. False B. 555 timer
Answer: Option A
 C. D to A converter 8. On which of the following does the conversion
depend in ladder-network conversion?
D. ladder network A. Comparator
Answer: Option A
B. Control logic
4. What is the minimum number of conversions per C. Digital counter
second of a clock rate of 1 MHz operating a 10-
stage counter in an ADC? D. Clock
A. 1000 Answer: Option A
B. 976
9. The voltage-controlled oscillator is a subset of the
C. 769 "test bench" function generator.
A. True
D. 697
B. False
Answer: Option B
Answer: Option A
5. Which of the following is (are) the results of
improvements built into a comparator IC? 10. Which application best describes this 555 timer
Faster switching between the two output circuit?
A.
levels

B. Noise immunity

Outputs capable of directly driving a variety

C.
of loads

D. All of the above

Answer: Option D

6. What is the first phase of the dual-slope method

of conversion?
A. Monostable multivibrator
Connecting the analog voltage to the
A.
integrator for a fixed time B. Astable multivibrator

B. Setting the counter to zero C. Bistable multivibrator

Connecting the integrator to a reference D. Free-running multivibrator

C.
voltage
Answer: Option A
D. All of the above
11. Which of the following applications include a
Answer: Option A
phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit?
7. What is the maximum conversion time of a clock A. Modems
rate of 1 MHz operating a 10-stage counter in an
ADC? B. Am decoders

A. 1.024 s C. Tracking filters

B. 102.3 ms D. All of the above

C. 10.24 ms Answer: Option D

D. 1.024 ms 12. Determine the free-running frequency when R3 is

set to 2.5 k .
Answer: Option D
 B. Negative

C. Both positive and negative

D. Neither positive nor negative

Answer: Option C

16. A 311 IC is an example of an eight-pin DIP that

can be made to function as a ________.
A. comparator

B. 555 timer
A. 19.7 kHz C. D to A converter
B. 32.5 kHz D. ladder network
C. 116.39 kHz Answer: Option A

D. 212.9 kHz 17. Determine the free-running frequency for this

Answer: Option C circuit.

13. This figure is a block diagram of a(n) ________.

A. ADC

B. DAC
A. 32.5 kHz
C. comparator
B. 53.33 kHz
D. 555 timer
C. 533.3 kHz
Answer: Option A
D. 5.3 MHz
14. What is the function of a ladder network? Answer: Option B
Changing an analog signal to a digital
A.
signal 18. What is (are) the level(s) of the input voltage to a
ladder-network conversion?
B. Changing a linear signal to a digital signal
A. 0
Changing a digital signal to an analog
C. B. Vref
signal
C. 0 V or Vref
D. None of the above
Answer: Option C D. None of the above
Answer: Option C
15. Which of the slope intervals of the integrator does
the counter in the analog-to-digital converter 19. Which application best describes this 555 timer
(ADC) operate? circuit?
A. Positive
 B. Analog input voltage

C. Both staircase and analog input voltage

D. None of the above

Answer: Option C

23. This circuit is an example of a ________.

A. comparator
A. Monostable multivibrator
B. 555 timer
B. Astable multivibrator

C. Bistable multivibrator C. D to A converter

D. ladder network
D. One-shot multivibrator
Answer: Option B Answer: Option D

24. Which of the following best describes limitations

20. At which of the following period(s) is the counter
for the 566 VCO?
advanced (incremented) in dual-slope
conversion? A.
During the charging of the capacitor of the
A. B.
integrator

During the discharging of the capacitor of C. fo < 1 MHz

B.
the integrator
D. All of the above
During both the charging and discharging
C. Answer: Option D
of the capacitor of the integrator

D. None of the above 25. How many comparators does a 339 IC contain?
Answer: Option B A. 4

B. 3
21. How many Vcc connections does the 565 PLL
use? C. 2
A. 0
D. 1
B. 1 Answer: Option A
C. 2
26. When is the counter set to zero in the dual-slope
D. 3 method of conversion?
Answer: Option C Prior to the charging of the capacitor of the
A.
integrator
22. What is (are) the input(s) to the comparator in the
B. While the capacitor is being charged
ladder-network conversion of an ADC?
A. Staircase voltage C. At the end of the charging of the capacitor
 D. During the discharging of the capacitor
31. Which of the following best describes the output
Answer: Option C of a 566 voltage-controlled oscillator?

27. The 555 timer IC is made up of a combination of A. Square-wave

linear comparators and digital flip-flops.
B. Triangular-wave
A. True
C. Both square- and triangular-wave
B. False
D. None of the above
Answer: Option A
Answer: Option C
28. This circuit is an example of a ________.
32. What is the voltage resolution of an 8-stage
ladder network?
A. Vref /128

B. Vref /256

C. Vref /512

D. Vref /1024
Answer: Option B

33. The timing components for a PLL are 15 k and

220 pF. Calculate the free-running frequency.
A. comparator A. 90.91 kHz
B. 555 timer
B. 136.36 kHz
C. D to A converter
C. 156.1 kHz
D. ladder network
D. 181.8 kHz
Answer: Option A
Answer: Option A
29. Which of the following devices is (are) a
34. Which of the following frequencies is associated
component of a digital-to-analog converter
with the 565 frequency-shift keyed decoder?
(DAC)?
A. 1070 Hz
A. Integrator
B. 1270 Hz
B. Comparator
C. Both 1070 Hz and 1270 Hz
C. Digital counter
D. None of the above
D. All of the above
Answer: Option C
Answer: Option D
35. Calculate the frequency of this circuit.
30. Which of the following circuits is (are) linear/digital
ICs?
A. Comparators

B. Timers

C. Voltage-controlled oscillators

D. All of the above

Answer: Option D
 A. 0V
A. 635 Hz
B. –6.6 V
B. 450 Hz
C. –4 V
C. 228 Hz
D. 2 V
D. 128 Hz Answer: Option D
Answer: Option D
3. A number of op-amp stages can be used to
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS APPLICATION provide separate gains.
A. True
1. Calculate the output voltage for this circuit when
V1 = 2.5 V and V2 = 2.25 V. B. False
Answer: Option A

4. Determine the output voltage when V1 = –V2 = 1

V.

A. –5.25 V

B. 2.5 V

C. 2.25 V
A. 0V
D. 5.25 V
B. –2 V
Answer: Option D
C. 1 V
2. Calculate the output voltage if V1 = –0.2 V and
V2 = 0 V. D. 2 V
Answer: Option B

5. How many op-amps are required to implement

this equation?
Vo = V1
A. 2

B. 3
 C. 4

D. 1
Answer: Option D

6. Calculate the output voltage if V1 = V2 = 0.15 V.

A. 0V

B. –2 V

A. 0V C. 1 V

B. 4.65 V D. 2 V
Answer: Option A
C. 6.45 V

D. –6.45 V 9. How many op-amps are required to implement

this equation?
Answer: Option D

7. Determine the output voltage for this circuit with a

sinusoidal input of 2.5 mV.
A. 2

B. 3

C. 4

D. 1
Answer: Option A

10. Calculate the input voltage if the final output is

10.08 V.
A. –0.25 V

B. –0.125 V

C. 0.25 V

D. 0.125 V
Answer: Option B

8. Determine the output voltage when V1 = V2 = 1 V.

A. –1.05 V

B. 0.525 V
 C. 0.168 V C. 12 V

D. 4.2 V D. –8 V
Answer: Option C Answer: Option A

11. Calculate the output of the first-stage op-amp 14. Calculate the cutoff frequencies of a bandpass
when V1 = 25 mV. filter with R1 = R2 = 5 k and C1 = C2 = 0.1 F.
A. fOL = 318.3 Hz, f OH = 318.3 Hz

B. fOL = 636.6 Hz, f OH = 636.6 Hz

C. fOL = 318.3 Hz, f OH = 636.6 Hz

D. fOL = 636.6 Hz, f OH = 318.3 Hz

Answer: Option A

15. Calculate the output voltage if V1 = 300 mV and

V2 = 700 mV.

A. –1.05 V

B. 0.075 V

C. 0.06 V

D. 4.2 V
Answer: Option B
A. 0V
12. How many op-amps are required to implement
this equation? B. –12 V

C. 12 V

D. –4 V
A. 2
Answer: Option D
B. 3
16. Calculate the output voltage.
C. 4

D. 1
Answer: Option D

13. Calculate the output voltage if V1 = V2 = 700 mV.

A. –6.00 mV

B. 6.0 mV

A. 0V C. 6.12 mV

B. –12 V D. –6.12 mV
 Answer: Option C

17. This circuit is an example of a(n)________.

A. 1.1 V

B. –1.1 V
A. dc voltmeter
C. –1 V
B. display driver
D. 1 V
C. instrumentation amplifier Answer: Option A
D. None of the above
20. Calculate the input voltage when Vo = 11 V.
Answer: Option C

18. Determine the value of Rf (assuming that all have

the same value).

A. 1.1 V

B. –1.1 V

C. –1 V

D. 1 V
Answer: Option D
A. 500 k
21. Calculate the output voltage.
B. 50 k

C. 25 k

D. 5 k
Answer: Option B

19. Calculate the input voltage for this circuit if Vo = –

11 V.
 A. 3.02 V A. 0V

B. 2.03 V B. –6 V

C. 1.78 V C. 6V

D. 1.50 V D. –8 V
Answer: Option A Answer: Option C

22. Calculate the output of the second stage op-amp 25. Calculate IL for this circuit.
if V1 = 25 mV.

A. 3 mA

B. 4 mA

C. 5 mA
A. –0.075 V D. 6 mA
B. 0.525 V Answer: Option C

C. 0.06 V 26. Calculate the output voltage if V1 = –3.3 V and

V2 = 0.8 V.
D. 4.2 V
Answer: Option A

23. A difference between a passive filter and an

active filter is that a passive filter uses
amplifier(s), but an active filter does not.
A. True

B. False
Answer: Option B
A. 0V
24. Calculate the output voltage Vo if V1 = –V2 = 300 B. 6.6 V
mV.
C. –4 V

D. 2 V
Answer: Option B

27. When a number of stages are connected in

parallel, the overall gain is the product of the
individual stage gains.
A. True
 B. False
Answer: Option B

28. Calculate the cutoff frequency of a first-order low-

pass filter for R1 = 2.5 k and C1 = 0.05 F.
A. 1.273 kHz

B. 12.73 kHz

C. 127.3 kHz

D. 127.30 Hz
Answer: Option A A. 0V

29. A filter that provides a constant output from dc up B. –2 V

to a cutoff frequency and passes no signal above
that frequency is called a ________ filter. C. 1 V
A. low-pass D. 2 V
B. high-pass Answer: Option D

C. bandpass 32. An example of an instrumentation circuit is a(n)

Answer: Option A ________.
A. dc voltmeter
30. Calculate the output voltage if V1 = 0 V and V2 =
0.2 V. B. display driver

C. ac voltmeter

D. All of the above

Answer: Option D

33. Determine the output voltage.

A. 0V

B. –6.6 V

C. –4 V

D. 2 V
A. 10(V2 – Vi)
Answer: Option B
B. –10(V2 – V1)
31. Determine the output voltage when V1 = –V2 = –1
V. C. –10(V1 – V2)

D. None of the above

Answer: Option B

34. How many op-amps are required to implement

this equation?
 3. The open-loop voltage gain (Aol) of an op-amp is
the
A. 2 external voltage gain the device is capable
A.
of
B. 3
internal voltage gain the device is capable
B.
C. 4 of

D. 1 C. most controlled parameter

Answer: Option D D. same as Acl

35. Calculate the output voltage if V1 = 33 mV and Answer: Option B

V2 = 2 mV.
4. What is the output waveform?

A. 0V

B. –6.6 V

C. –0.4 V A. sine wave

D. 2 V B. square wave
Answer: Option C C. sawtooth wave

D. triangle wave
Answer: Option D
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
1. An ideal operational amplifier has 5. A series dissipative regulator is an example of a:
A. infinite output impedance A. linear regulator

B. zero input impedance B. switching regulator

C. infinite bandwidth C. shunt regulator

D. All of the above D. dc-to-dc converter

Answer: Option C Answer: Option A

2. Another name for a unity gain amplifier is:

A. difference amplifier

B. comparator

C. single ended

D. voltage follower
Answer: Option D
6. What is this circuit? 10.

Decreasing the gain in the given circuit could be

achieved by

A. a low-pass filter A. reducing the amplitude of the input voltage

B. a high-pass filter increasing the value of the feedback

B.
resistor
C. a bandpass filter
C. increasing the value of the input resistor
D. a band-stop filter
D. removing the feedback resistor
Answer: Option D
Answer: Option C
7. A noninverting closed-loop op-amp circuit
generally has a gain factor: 11. If ground is applied to the (+) terminal of an
inverting op-amp, the (–) terminal will:
A. less than one
A. not need an input resistor
B. greater than one
B. be virtual ground
C. of zero
C. have high reverse current
D. equal to one
D. not invert the signal
Answer: Option B
Answer: Option B
8. In order for an output to swing above and below a
zero reference, the op-amp circuit requires: 12. An astable multivibrator is also known as a:
A. a resistive feedback network A. one-shot multivibrator

B. zero offset B. free-running multivibrator

C. a wide bandwidth C. bistable multivibrator

D. a negative and positive supply D. monostable multivibrator

Answer: Option D Answer: Option B

9. Op-amps used as high- and low-pass filter circuits 13. With negative feedback, the returning signal:
employ which configuration? A. aids the input signal
A. noninverting
B. is proportional to output current
B. comparator
C. opposes the input signal
C. open-loop
D. is proportional to differential voltage gain
D. inverting Answer: Option C
Answer: Option D
14. What starts a free-running multivibrator?
A. a trigger
 B. an input signal the ratio of the input resistance to the
A.
feedback resistance
C. an external circuit
B. the open-loop voltage gain
D. nothing
Answer: Option D the feedback resistance divided by the
C.
input resistance
15. A portion of the output that provides circuit D. the input resistance
stabilization is considered to be:
Answer: Option C
A. negative feedback

B. distortion 20. What is the cutoff frequency of this low-pass filter?

C. open-loop

D. positive feedback
Answer: Option A

16. How many leads does the TO-5 metal can

package of an operational amplifier have?
A. 8, 10, or 12

B. 6, 8, or 10 A. 4.8 kHz

C. 8 or 14 B. 3.8 kHz

D. 8 or 16 C. 2.8 kHz
Answer: Option A D. 1.8 kHz
Answer: Option D
17. If a noninverting amplifier has an RIN of 1000
ohms and an RFB of 2.5 kilohms, what is the
RIN voltage when 1.42 mV is applied to the correct 21. All of the following are basic op-amp input modes
input? of operation EXCEPT
A. 3.5 mV A. inverting mode

B. ground B. common-mode

C. 1.42 mV C. double-ended

D. 0.56 mV D. single-ended

Answer: Option C Answer: Option A

18. Input impedance [Zin(I)] of an inverting amplifier is 22. What is the output voltage?
approximately equal to:
A. Ri

B. Rf + Ri

C. ∞
D. Rf – Ri
Answer: Option A

19. The closed-loop voltage gain of an inverting

amplifier equals:
 A. 15 V
26. The voltage follower has a:
B. 5V A. closed-loop voltage gain of unity
C. –5 V B. small open-loop voltage gain
D. –15 V C. closed-loop bandwidth of zero
Answer: Option C
D. large closed-loop output impedance
23. A circuit whose output is proportional to the Answer: Option A
difference between the input signals is considered
to be which type of amplifier? 27. What is the output waveform of the circuit?
A. common-mode

B. darlington

C. differential

D. operational
Answer: Option C

A. sine wave
24. With negative feedback, the returning signal
B. square wave
A. is proportional to the output current
C. sawtooth wave
is proportional to the differential voltage
B.
gain D. triangle wave

C. opposes the input signal Answer: Option B

D. aids the input signal 28. The ratio between differential gain and common-
mode gain is called:
Answer: Option C
A. amplitude
25. What is the output waveform?
B. differential-mode rejection

C. common-mode rejection

D. phase
Answer: Option C

29. What is the frequency of this 555 astable

multivibrator?

A. sine wave

B. square wave

C. +15 V

D. –15 V
Answer: Option A
 A. 34. What three subcircuits does a phase locked loop
278 Hz
(PLL) consist of?
B. 178 Hz A. phase comparator, comparator, and VCO
C. 78 Hz phase comparator, bandpass filter, and
B.
VCO
D. 8 Hz
Answer: Option B phase comparator, bandpass filter, and
C.
demodulator
30. If the gain of a closed-loop inverting amplifier is phase comparator, low-pass filter, and
3.9, with an input resistor value of 1.6 kilohms, D.
VCO
what value of feedback resistor is necessary?
Answer: Option D
A. 6240 ohms

B. 2.4 kilohms
35. The major difference between ground and virtual
C. 410 ohms ground is that virtual ground is only a:
A. voltage reference
D. 0.62 kilohms
Answer: Option A B. current reference

C. power reference
31. In an open-loop op-amp circuit, whenever the
inverting input (–) is negative relative to the D. difference reference
noninverting input (+), the output will:
Answer: Option A
A. swing negative

B. close the loop 36. If an op-amp has one input grounded and the
other input has a signal feed to it, then it is
C. be balanced operating as what?
A. Common-mode
D. swing positive
Answer: Option D B. Single-ended

C. Double-ended
32. With a differential gain of 50,000 and a common-
mode gain of 2, what is the common-mode D. Noninverting mode
rejection ratio?
Answer: Option B
A. –87.9 dB

B. –43.9 dB 37. If the feedback/input resistor ratio of a feedback

amplifier is 4.6 with 1.7 V applied to the
C. 43.9 dB noninverting input, what is the output voltage
value?
D. 87.9 dB A. 7.82 V
Answer: Option D
B. saturation
33. If the input to a comparator is a sine wave, the
C. cutoff
output is a:
A. ramp voltage D. 9.52 V
Answer: Option D
B. sine wave

C. rectangular wave 38. The Schmitt trigger is a two-state device that is

used for:
D. sawtooth wave A. pulse shaping
Answer: Option C
B. peak detection
 C. input noise rejection D. 5

D. filtering Answer: Option C

Answer: Option A 43. An output that is proportional to the addition of

two or more inputs is from which type of
39. When a capacitor is used in place of a resistor in amplifier?
an op-amp network, its placement determines:
A. differentiator
A. open- or closed-loop gain
B. difference
B. integration or differentiation
C. summing
C. saturation or cutoff
D. analog subtractor
D. addition or subtraction
Answer: Option C
Answer: Option B
44. In a PLL, to obtain lock, the signal frequency
40. must:
A. come within the lock range

B. be less than the capture frequency

C. come within the capture range

D. be greater than the capture frequency

Answer: Option C

What value of input resistance is needed in the 45. An ideal amplifier should have:
given circuit to produce the given output voltage? A. high input current
A. 50 B. zero offset
B. 4k C. high output impedance

C. 4.08 k D. moderate gain

Answer: Option B
D. 5 k
Answer: Option B 46. A differential amplifier has a common-mode gain
of 0.2 and a common-mode rejection ratio of
41. The common-mode voltage gain is 3250. What would the output voltage be if the
single-ended input voltage was 7 mV rms?
A. smaller than differential voltage gain
A. 1.4 mV rms
B. equal to voltage gain
B. 650 mV rms
C. greater than differential voltage gain
C. 4.55 V rms
D. None of the above
D. 0.455 V rms
Answer: Option A
Answer: Option C
42. How many logic states does an S-R flip-flop
have? 47. The magnitude of closed-loop voltage gain (Acl) of
an inverting amplifier equals:
A. 2
the ratio of the input resistance to the
A.
B. 3 feedback resistance

C. 4 B. the open-loop voltage gain Aol

 the feedback resistance divided by the
C.
input resistance

D. the input resistance

Answer: Option C

48. What is the difference between common-mode

and differential-mode input signals?
A. phase relationship

B. voltage
A. increase, increase
C. current
B. increase, decrease
D. apparent power
C. decrease, decrease
Answer: Option A
D. decrease, increase
49. A circuit that uses an amplifier with passive filter
elements is called a(n): Answer: Option B

A. relaxation oscillator 3. Refer to this figure. The purpose of R3 is

B. signal generator

C. differential amplifier

D. active filter
Answer: Option D

50. The input offset current equals the

A. average of two base currents

B. collector current divided by the current gain

A. for bias current compensation.
difference between two base-emitter
C.
voltages B. for input offset voltage compensation.

D. difference between two base currents C. to set input impedance.

Answer: Option D D. to set input impedance and voltage gain.
Answer: Option A
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS 2
1. In which of the following are operational amplifiers 4. A voltage-follower amplifier comes to you for
(op-amps) used? service. You find the voltage gain to be 5.5 and
the input impedance 22 k . The probable fault in
A. Oscillators
this amplifier, if any, is
B. Filters A. the gain is too low for this type of amplifier.

C. Instrumentation circuits the input impedance is too high for this

B.
amplifier.
D. All of the above
Answer: Option D nothing is wrong. The trouble must be
C.
somewhere else.
2. Refer to this figure. If the value of R1 decreases, D. none of these.
the voltage gain will ________ and the input
impedance will ________. Answer: Option D
5. For an op-amp having a slew rate SR = 5 V/ms,
what is the maximum closed-loop voltage gain 9. An op-amp has an open-loop gain of 75,000 and
that can be used when the input signal varies by a cutoff frequency of 100 Hz. At 1 kHz the open-
0.2 V in 10 ms? loop gain is down by
A. 150 A. 10 dB.
B. 200 B. 6 dB.
C. 250 C. 20 dB.
D. 300 D. 3 dB.
Answer: Option C Answer: Option C

6. An op-amp has an open-loop gain of 100,000 and
a cutoff frequency of 40 Hz. Find the open-loop
gain at a frequency of 30 Hz.
A. 800
10. What is the difference output voltage of any
signals applied to the input terminals?
The differential gain times the difference
A.
input voltage.

B. 8,000 The common-mode gain times the

B.
common input voltage.
C. 80,000
The sum of the differential gain times the
D. 100,000 difference input voltage and the common-
C.
Answer: Option D mode gain times the common input
voltage.
7. Refer to the given figure. The input impedance of
The difference of the differential gain times
this circuit is
the difference input voltage and the
D.
common-mode gain times the common
input voltage.
Answer: Option C

11. A three-stage op-amp can have a maximum

phase lag of ________°.
A. –180

B. –90
A. 500 k . C. –270

B. 10 k . D. none of the above

C. 50 k Answer: Option C
.

D. 5 k . 12. The summing amplifier contains an inverting

amplifier.
Answer: Option C
A. True
8. What is the level of the voltage between the input
B. False
terminals of an op-amp?
Answer: Option A
A. Virtually zero

B. 5V 13. What is the open-loop gain of an op-amp at the

gain-bandwidth product of the op-amp?
C. 18 V A. 200,000
D. 22 V B. 50,000
Answer: Option A
 C. 200 A. non-inverting

D. 1 B. inverting
Answer: Option D
C. voltage-follower

14. Calculate the overall voltage gain of the circuit if Answer: Option C
R1 = 100 and Rf = 1 k .
17. This circuit is referred to as a(n) ________.

A. inverting amplifier
A. –1 B. noninverting amplifier
B. –10 C. differentiator
C. 11 D. integrator
D. 9 Answer: Option D
Answer: Option C
18. Refer to the given figure. Calculate the bandwidth.
15. Refer to the given figure. A dc input signal of –50
mV is applied. You would measure ________
from the inverting input to ground.

A. 8.33 MHz

B. 833 kHz

C. 83.3 kHz

D. 8.33 kHz
A. 50 mV Answer: Option C

B. 1.05 V 19. Refer to this figure. The purpose of R4 is

C. –1.05 V

D. –50 mV
Answer: Option D

16. The ________ amplifier configuration has the

highest input impedance and the lowest output
impedance of the three basic op-amp
configurations. A. for bias current compensation.
 B. for input offset voltage compensation. C. TTL, MOSFET, TailFET

C. to set input impedance. Answer: Option B

D. to set input impedance and voltage gain.
Answer: Option B
20. Refer to the given figure. Find the midrange gain
of this amplifier.
24. Refer to the given figure. You need an amplifier
with an input impedance of 12 k . You
must not change the amplifier voltage gain. The
new value of Ri would be ________ and the new
value of Rf would be ________.

A. 10 k , 100 k
A. 26.7
B. 13.3 k , 120 k
B. –26.7
C. 12 k , 108 k
C. 27.7
D. 12 k , 120 k
D. –27.7
Answer: Option D
Answer: Option B
25. What is the slew rate of an op-amp if the output
21. An RC network has R = 47 k and C = 0.22 F. voltages change from 2 V to 3 V in 0.2 ms?
What is the cutoff frequency?
A. 5 V/ms
A. 154 Hz
B. 3 V/ms
B. 1540 Hz
C. 2 V/ms
C. 1.54 Hz
D. 1 V/ms
D. 15.4 Hz
Answer: Option A
Answer: Option D

22. A certain op-amp has an open-loop voltage gain 26. Refer to the given figure. This amplifier is known
of 150,000. What is this gain expressed in dB? as
A. 51.7 dB

B. 103.5 dB

C. 150,000 dB

D. 5.18 dB
Answer: Option B
A. an inverting amplifier.
23. An IC unit made using both ________ and
________ transistors is called a ________ circuit. B. a non-inverting amplifier.
A. bipolar, MOSFET, BiFET C. a voltage-follower.
B. bipolar, MOSFET, BiMOS
 D. a common-source amplifier. 30. At what input voltage level does the output
voltage level become numerically equal to the
Answer: Option C value of the differential gain of the amplifier?
A. Vi1 = –Vi2 = 0.25 V
27. Calculate the output voltage if R1 = R2 = R3 =
100 , Rf = 1 k , and V1 = V2 = V3 = 50 mV. B. V i1 = –V i2 = 0.50 V

C. V i1 = –V i2 = 0.75 V

D. V i1 = –Vi2 = 1.00 V
Answer: Option B

31. Refer to the given figure. The op-amp has a unity-

gain bandwidth of 3 MHz. Determine the BW of
the circuit.
A. –1.5 V

B. 1.5 V

C. 0.5 V

D. –0.5 V
Answer: Option A

28. If Rf = R 1, the voltage gain is ________.

A. 3 MHz

B. 30 kHz

C. 112.4 kHz

D. infinite in width
Answer: Option C
A. 1

B. –1 32. A practical op-amp has very ________ input

impedance, very ________ output impedance,
C. 10 very ________ open-loop voltage gain, and a
________ bandwidth.
D. very small A. high, low, high, wide
Answer: Option B
B. high, high, low, narrow
29. The maximum rate of change of the output
C. low, high, high, wide
voltage in response to a step input voltage is the
________ of an op-amp. D. low, low, low, wide
A. time constant Answer: Option A
B. maximum frequency
33. This circuit is referred to as a(n) ________.
C. slew rate

D. static discharge
Answer: Option C
 Answer: Option B

37. The input offset voltage drift is a parameter

directly related to V OS and ________.
A. ID

B. power dissipation

C. temperature
A. inverting amplifier
D. phase shift
B. noninverting amplifier Answer: Option C
C. unity follower
38. What is the difference voltage if the inputs are an
D. integrator ideal opposite signal?

Answer: Option A The differential gain times twice the input

A.
signal.
34. This circuit is an example of a ________. B. The differential gain times the input signal.

The common-mode gain times twice the

C.
input signal.

The common-mode gain times the input

D.
signal.
Answer: Option A

A. single-ended input 39. Refer to the given figure. Determine the

bandwidth.
B. double-ended (differential) input

C. double-ended output

D. common-mode operation
Answer: Option C

35. What is the level of the roll-off in most op-amps?

A. –6 dB / decade A. 1 MHz

B. –20 dB / octave B. 1.5 MHz

C. –6 dB / decade or –20 dB / octave C. 1 kHz

D. –20 dB / decade or –6 dB / octave D. 1.5 kHz

Answer: Option D Answer: Option B

36. Calculate the output impedance of an inverting 40. Refer to the given figure. This amplifier is known
op-amp using the 741 op-amp (ro = 75 , AOL = as
200 V/mV) if R1 = 100 and Rf = 1 k .
A. 0.011

B. 0.00375

C. 0.0375

D. 0.375
 A. an inverting amplifier. A. single-ended input

B. a non-inverting amplifier. B. double-ended (differential) input

C. a voltage-follower. C. double-ended output

D. a common-source amplifier. D. common-mode operation

Answer: Option A Answer: Option B

41. Refer to the given figure. The midrange voltage 44. A(n) ________ amplifier configuration has a
gain of this amplifier is higher input impedance and a lower output
impedance than the op-amp itself.
A. non-inverting

B. inverting

C. voltage-follower
Answer: Option A

A. 0.5. 45. In which of the following operations is the

resulting output signal of the differential amplifier
B. 27.7. near zero?
C. –11. A. Single-ended

D. 1. B. Double-ended
Answer: Option D C. Common-mode

42. Which of the following circuit conditions affect(s) D. None of the above
the output offset voltage of an op-amp?
Answer: Option C
A. An input offset voltage, VIO
46. What is the voltage gain of the unity follower?
B. An input offset current, IIO
A. 0
Both an input offset voltage, VIO and an
C. B.
input offset current, IIO 1

D. None of the above C. –1

Answer: Option C D. Infinity
Answer: Option B
43. This circuit is an example of a ________.

47. Negative feedback added to an op-amp

________ the bandwidth and ________ the gain.
A. increases, increases
 B. increases, decreases A. R/C

C. decreases, decreases B. C/R

D. decreases, increases C. –RC

Answer: Option B
D. –1 / RC

48. It takes an op-amp 22 s to change its output Answer: Option D

from –15 V to +15 V. Determine the slew rate.
52. Calculate the overall voltage gain of the circuit if
A. 1.36 V/ s R1 = 100 and Rf = 1 k .
B. 0.68 V/ s

C. –0.68 V/ s

D. cannot determine
Answer: Option A

49. Refer to the given figure. The op-amp has a unity-

gain bandwidth of 1.7 MHz. Find the bandwidth of
the circuit.
A. –1

B. –10

C. 11

D. 9
Answer: Option B

53. Which of the following circuits is referred to as a

BiMOS circuit?
A. Bipolar and FET

A. 155 MHz B. Bipolar and MOSFET

B. 155 kHz C. Opposite-type MOSFETs

C. 155 Hz D. None of the above

D. 15.5 Hz Answer: Option B

Answer: Option B 54. Refer to the given figure. A dc voltage of –1.2 V is

applied. VCC = ±12 V. What is the output voltage?
50. An RC network has R = 500 k and C = 10 pF.
Find the value of fc.
A. 31831 Hz

B. 31.831 kHz

C. 0.031831 MHz

D. all of the above

A. 1.2 V
E. none of the above
B. –1.2 V
Answer: Option D
C. 0 V
51. What is the scale multiplier (factor) of a basic
integrator? D. 12 V
 Answer: Option B
59. Refer to the given figure. The voltage gain of this
55. In the differential amplifier circuit, which of the amplifier is
following terminals are connected together?
A. Bases

B. Collectors

C. One base to another collector

D. Emitters
Answer: Option D

56. What is the cutoff frequency of an op-amp if the

unity-gain frequency is 1.5 MHz and the open-
loop gain is 100,000? A. 100.
A. 5 Hz B. 5.

B. 10 Hz C. 20.

C. 15 Hz D. 21.

D. 20 Hz Answer: Option D

Answer: Option C 60. A(n) ________ amplifier configuration has an

input impedance approximately equal to the input
57. The ________ is the voltage gain of an op-amp resistor Ri and an output impedance
with external feedback. approximately equal to the output impedance of
A. Aol the op-amp itself.
A. non-inverting
B. Acl
B. inverting
C. Av
Answer: Option B C. voltage-follower
Answer: Option B
58. Refer to the given figure. This amplifier is known
as 61. This circuit is an example of a ________.

A. single-ended input
A. an inverting amplifier.
B. double-ended (differential) input
B. a non-inverting amplifier.
C. double-ended output
C. a voltage-follower.
D. common-mode operation
D. a common-source amplifier.
Answer: Option D
Answer: Option B
62. What is the difference voltage if the inputs are an 65. Calculate the input voltage if R1 = 100 , Rf = 1 k
ideal in-phase signal? , and Vout = 550 mV.
The differential gain times twice the input
A.
signal.

B. The differential gain times the input signal.

The common-mode gain times twice the

C.
input signal.

The common-mode gain times the input

D.
signal.
Answer: Option D

63. Refer to this figure. The purpose of R1 and R2 is

A. –50 mV

B. –5 mV

C. 550 mV

D. 50 mV
Answer: Option D

66. The midrange open-loop gain of an op-amp is 135

dB. With negative feedback this gain is reduced to
72 dB. The closed-loop gain is
A. for bias current compensation. A. 135 dB.
B. for input offset voltage compensation. B. 72 dB.
C. to set input impedance. C. 207 dB.
D. to set input impedance and voltage gain. D. 63 dB.
Answer: Option D Answer: Option B

64. Refer to the given figure. If an input signal of –0.5 67. This circuit is referred to as a(n) ________.
V were applied, determine the output voltage.

A. inverting amplifier

B. noninverting amplifier
A. –5 V
C. differentiator
B. 5V
D. integrator
C. 10 V
Answer: Option C
D. –10 V
Answer: Option B 68. Refer to the given figure. Find the midrange gain
of this op-amp amplifier.
 B. 50,000

C. 100,000

D. 200,000
Answer: Option D

72. At what input voltage level does the output

voltage level become numerically equal to the
value of the common-mode gain of the amplifier?
A. Vi1 = –Vi2 = 0.25 V
A. 10
B. Vi1 = –Vi2 = 0.50 V
B. 11
C. Vi1 = –Vi2 = 0.75 V
C. –10
D. Vi1 = –Vi2 = 1.00 V
D. –11
Answer: Option B
Answer: Option B
73. Refer to the given figure. The unity-gain
69. This circuit is an example of a ________. bandwidth of this op-amp is 10.4 kHz. What is the
bandwidth of the circuit?

A. 10.4 kHz

B. 15.5 kHz
A. single-ended input
C. 3 MHz
B. double-ended (differential) input
D. 16.7 kHz
C. double-ended output
Answer: Option A
D. common-mode operation
74. Which of the following is (are) the result of gain
Answer: Option A
reduction by a feedback?
70. What is the level of the current through the The amplifier voltage gain is a more stable
A.
amplifier input(s) to ground in an op-amp? and precise value.
A. Virtually zero The input impedance of the circuit is
B.
increased over that of the op-amp alone.
B. 1.7 mA
The output impedance is reduced over that
C. 2.8 mA C.
of the op-amp alone.
D. 3.3 mA D. All of the above
Answer: Option A Answer: Option D

71. Open-loop voltage gain of an op-amp can range OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT

up to ________.
A. 10,000
1. Calculate the value of C1 = C2 for the Wien bridge
oscillator to operate at a frequency of 20 kHz.
Assume R1 = R2 = 50 k and R3 = 3R 4 = 600 ?

A. phase-shift

A. 1.59 pF B. Wien bridge

B. 15.9 pF C. Colpitts

C. 159 pF D. Hartley

D. 1.59 nF Answer: Option A

Answer: Option C
6. Refer to the given figure. The resonant frequency
is controlled by
2. Only the condition A = ________ must be
satisfied for self-sustained oscillations to result.
A. 0

B. –1

C. 1

D. None of the above

Answer: Option C

3. At what phase shift is the magnitude of A at its A. C3 and L1.

maximum in the Nyquist plot?
B. C2, C4, C5, and L1.
A. 90º
C. C3, C4, C5, and L1.
B. 180º
D. C3, C4, C5, and L2.
C. 270º
Answer: Option C
D. 0º
Answer: Option B 7. Refer to this figure. Determine the resonant
frequency.
4. Which of the following improvements is (are) a
result of the negative feedback in a circuit?
A. Lower output impedance

B. Reduced noise

C. More linear operation

D. All of the above

Answer: Option D

5. This circuit is a ________ oscillator.

 A. 8.05 k

B. 8.48 k

C. 10.8 k

D. 12.3 k
Answer: Option B

10. The attenuation of the three-section RC feedback

phase-shift oscillator is
A. 1/9.

B. 1/30.

A. 123.4 kHz C. 1/3.

B. 61.7 kHz D. 1/29.

Answer: Option D
C. 45.94 kHz

D. 23.1 kHz 11. Referring to this figure, calculate the voltage gain
without feedback for the following circuit values:
Answer: Option C RD = 4 k , RS = 1 k , RF = 15 k , and gm = 5000
μS.
8. The feedback signal in a(n) ________ oscillator is
derived from an inductive voltage divider in the LC
circuit.
A. Hartley

B. Armstrong

C. Colpitts
Answer: Option A

9. Given gm = 5000 S, rd = 40 k , R = 10 k , and

A = 35. Determine the value of RD for oscillator
operation at 1 kHz.
A. –20.0

B. –21.5

C. –23.5

D. –25.5
Answer: Option A

12. For a phase-shift oscillator, the gain of the

amplifier stage must be greater than ________.
A. 19

B. 29

C. 30

D. 1
 Answer: Option B

13. Which of the following is (are) the determining

factor(s) of the stability of a feedback amplifier?
A. A

Phase shift between input and output

B.
signals

Both A and the phase shift between input

C.
and output signals

D. None of the above

Answer: Option C

14. What is the minimum frequency at which a crystal A. a sine-wave oscillator.

will oscillate?
B. a monostable multivibrator.
A. seventh harmonic
C. an astable multivibrator.
B. third harmonic
D. a VCO.
C. fundamental
Answer: Option C
D. second harmonic
Answer: Option C 18. This circuit is a ________ oscillator.

15. An amplifier with a gain of –500 and a feedback

of = –0.1 has a gain change of 15% due to
temperature. Calculate the change in gain of the
feedback amplifier.
A. 0.2%

B. 0.3%

C. 0.4% A. phase-shift

D. 0.5% B. Wien bridge

Answer: Option B C. Colpitts

16. The feedback signal in a(n) ________ oscillator is D. Hartley

derived from a capacitive voltage divider in the LC Answer: Option B
circuit.
A. Hartley 19. Sinusoidal oscillators operate with ________
feedback.
B. Armstrong
A. positive
C. Colpitts
B. negative
Answer: Option C
Answer: Option A
17. Refer to this figure. This circuit is
20. Referring to this figure, calculate the voltage gain
with the feedback for the following circuit values:
RD = 4 k , RS = 1 k , RF = 15 k , and gm =
5000 μS.
 C. Both A > 1 and the phase shift around
the feedback network must be 180º.

D. None of the above

Answer: Option C

23. A circuit that can change the frequency of

oscillation with an application of a dc voltage is
sometimes called
A. a voltage-controlled oscillator.

B. a crystal oscillator.
A. –11.2
C. a Hartley oscillator.
B. –8.57
D. an astable multivibrator.
C. –6.75 Answer: Option A

D. –3.25 24. In order to start up, a feedback oscillator requires

Answer: Option B A. negative feedback less than 1.

21. Refer to this figure. Calculate the resonant B. positive feedback greater than 1.
frequency.
C. unity feedback equal to 1.

D. no feedback.
Answer: Option B

25. This circuit is a ________ oscillator.

A. 1.126 kHz

B. 6.17 kHz

C. 23.9 MHz

D. 14.1 MHz
A. phase-shift
Answer: Option B
B. Wien bridge
22. Which of the following is required for oscillation?
C. Colpitts
A. A>1
D. Hartley
The phase shift around the feedback Answer: Option C
B.
network must be 180º.
 B. Hartley

C. Crystal

D. All of the above

26. Refer to this figure. If C1 increases in value, the Answer: Option D
resonant frequency will
30. What is the ratio of the output impedance with
series feedback to that without feedback?
A. 1

B. 1+ A

C. A

D. A
Answer: Option B

31. Refer to the given figure. This circuit is known as

A. increase.

B. decrease.

C. remain the same.

Answer: Option B

27. What is the ratio of the input impedance with

series feedback to that without feedback?
A. a Clapp oscillator.
A. 1+ A
B. an Armstrong oscillator.
B. A
C. a Colpitts oscillator.
C.
D. a Hartley oscillator.
D. 1 Answer: Option D
Answer: Option A

28. The amplifier is unstable if the Nyquist curve

32. Refer to the given figure. This circuit is known as
plotted encloses (encircles) the –1 point, and it is
stable otherwise.
A. True

B. False
Answer: Option A

29. Which of the following oscillators is (are) tuned

oscillators?
A. Colpitts
 A. 4.25

B. 4.50

C. 4.75
A. a Clapp oscillator.
D. 5.00
B. an Armstrong oscillator.
Answer: Option C
C. a Colpitts oscillator.
35. Referring to this figure, calculate the voltage gain
D. a Hartley oscillator. with feedback Avf.
Answer: Option C

33. Refer to this figure. Determine the frequency of

oscillation, if any.

A. –4.85
A. 131 Hz B. –4.20
B. 262 Hz C. –4.17
C. 2.62 kHz D. –4.00
D. none Answer: Option C
Answer: Option A
36. One condition for positive feedback is that the
phase shift around the feedback loop must be
34. Referring to this figure, calculate the amplification ________°.
gain where the op-amp gain (A) is 200,000, R 1 =
1.5 k , and R 2= 400 . A. 0

B. 90

C. 180

D. 45
 Answer: Option A
C. 3120.7 Hz

37. At what phase shift is the magnitude of A at its D. 3558.8 Hz

minimum in the Nyquist plot? Answer: Option D
A. 90º
41. The Nyquist plot combines the two Bode plots of
B. 180º gain versus frequency and phase shift versus
frequency on a single plot.
C. 270º
A. True
D. 0º
B. False
Answer: Option D
Answer: Option A
38. Determine the output impedance with feedback
for a voltage-series feedback having A = –100, 42. Calculate the resonant frequency of this oscillator.

R1 = 15 k , Ro = 20 k , and a feedback of =
–0.25.
A. 0.2 k

B. 392.16

C. 1.82 k

D. 769.23
Answer: Option D A. 1560.34 Hz

39. Determine the voltage gain with feedback for a B. 3120.70 Hz

voltage-series feedback having A = –100, R1 = 15
C. 4681.07 Hz
k , Ro = 20 k , and a feedback of = –0.25.
A. 3.85 D. 6241.37 Hz
Answer: Option A
B. –3.85

C. –9.09

D. 9.09 43. What is the total phase shift requirement, around

the feedback loop, for a phase-shift oscillator?
Answer: Option B
A. 90°

B. 180°
40. Calculate the resonant frequency of this Wien
bridge oscillator if R1 = 25 k , R2 = 40 k , C1 = C. 270°
0.001 F, and C2 = 0.002 F.
D. 360°
Answer: Option D

44. An input signal is needed for an oscillator to start.

A. True

B. False
Answer: Option B

A. 1560.3 Hz 45. Referring to this figure, calculate the amplification

gain with feedback for the following circuit values:
B. 1779.4 Hz
 R1 = 80 k , R2= 20 k , Ro = 10 k , RD = 61 k ,
and gm = 4000 μS.

A. 16.3%
A. –4.36 B. 54.5%
B. –4.25 C. 86.9%
C. –6.35 D. none
D. –20.85 Answer: Option B
Answer: Option A
49. In the IC phase-shift oscillator, what should the
ratio of feedback resistor Rf to R1 be?
46. The lead-lag circuit in the Wien-bridge oscillator
has a resonant frequency at which the attenuation A. Zero
is
B. Greater than –29
A. 1/2.
C. Less than 29
B. 1/4.
D. Any value
C. 1/3.
Answer: Option B
D. 1/5.
50. At series resonance, the impedance of a crystal is
Answer: Option C
A. minimum.
47. The start-up gain of an oscillator must be
________ one. B. maximum.

A. equal to C. equal.

B. less than D. zero.

C. greater than Answer: Option A

Answer: Option C
51. For frequencies up to 1 MHz, the ________ is the
most widely used type of sinusoidal RC oscillator.
48. Refer to this figure. What is the duty cycle, if any?
A. Wien-bridge

B. phase-shift

C. twin-T
Answer: Option A

52. The twin-T oscillator produces a ________

response.
A. low-pass
 B. high-pass B. C1 and C 2

C. band-pass C. R1, R2, C1, and C 2

D. band-stop D. None of the above

Answer: Option D Answer: Option C

53. What is the typical value of quality factor for 57. Determine the input impedance with feedback for
crystal oscillators? a voltage-series feedback having A = –100, R 1 =
A. 20,000 15 k , Ro = 20 k , and a feedback of =–
0.25.
B. 1000
A. 110 k
C. 100
B. 290 k
D. 10
C. 390 k
Answer: Option A
D. 510 k
54. Which of the following improvements is (are) a
Answer: Option C
result of the negative feedback in a circuit?
A. Higher input impedance 58. A certain oscillator has a tap on the inductor in the
tank circuit. This oscillator is probably
B. Better stabilized voltage gain
A. a Colpitts oscillator.
C. Improved frequency response
B. a Clapp oscillator.
D. All of the above
C. a crystal oscillator.
Answer: Option D
D. a Hartley oscillator.
Answer: Option D
55. Refer to the given figure. This circuit is known as
59. At parallel resonance, the impedance of a crystal
is
A. minimum.

B. maximum.

C. equal.

D. zero.
Answer: Option B
A. a Clapp oscillator.
60. Refer to this figure. Assuming it is configured as
B. an Armstrong oscillator.
an oscillator and if you desired to reduce the duty
C. a Colpitts oscillator. to less than 50%, the following circuit change
would need to be made.
D. a Hartley oscillator.
Answer: Option A

56. In the Wien bridge oscillator, which of the

following is (are) frequency-determining
components?
A. R1 and R 2
 Series resonant frequency is approximately
C. 1 kHz higher than parallel resonant
frequency.

D. none of the above

Answer: Option B

64. An op-amp integrator has a square-wave input.

The output should be
A. a sine wave.

B. a triangle wave.

C. a square wave.

D. pure dc.
A. Reduce the size of R1.
Answer: Option B
B. Reduce the size of R2.
65. The frequency distortion arising because of
C. Increase the size of R1. varying amplifier gain with frequency is
considerably reduced in a negative-voltage
D. Connect a diode in parallel with R1. feedback amplifier circuit.
Answer: Option D A. True

61. Calculate the fr of a lead-lag network if R1 = R2 = B. False

6.8 k , and C 1 = C2 = 0.05 F. Answer: Option A
A. 468 Hz
PARALLEL CIRCUITS
B. 4.68 kHz
1. When parallel resistors are of three different
C. 46.8 kHz values, which has the greatest power loss?
D. 468 kHz A. The smallest resistance
Answer: Option A B. The largest resistance

62. Which of the following is (are) feedback? C. They have the same power loss.
A. Voltage-series D. Voltage and resistance values are needed.
B. Voltage-shunt Answer: Option A

C. Current-series 2. What is the product-over-sum result of 150 and

6800?
D. All of the above
A. 150
Answer: Option D
B. 146.7
63. What is the relationship between the series and
parallel resonant frequencies of a quartz crystal? C. 0.006
A. They are equal. D. 6800
Parallel resonant frequency is Answer: Option B
B. approximately 1 kHz higher than series
resonant frequency. 3. The voltage across any branch of a parallel
circuit:
A. varies as the total current varies
 8.
is inversely proportional to total circuit
B.
resistance

is equally applied to all branch

C.
conductances

is dropped in proportion to each branch

D.
resistance
Answer: Option C

4. What is the total power loss if 2 k and 1 k

parallel-connected resistors have an IT of 3
mA?
In the given circuit, Channel 1 of the stereo
A. 6 W amplifier outputs 12 V to the speakers. How much
total current is the amplifier providing to the
B. 36 W speakers?
A. 0A
C. 6 mW
B. 1.5 A
D. 36 mW
Answer: Option C C. 3 A

More information is needed to find the total

5. What happens to total resistance in a circuit with D.
current provided to the speakers.
parallel resistors if one of them opens?
Answer: Option C
A. It increases.

B. It halves. 9. If two parallel-connected resistors dissipate 6

watts and 10 watts of power, then what is the total
C. It remains the same. power loss?
A. 3.75 watts
D. It decreases.
Answer: Option A B. 4 watts

C. 16 watts
6. Components that connect in parallel form:
A. branches D. 60 watts
Answer: Option C
B. open circuits

C. short circuits 10. Which component is shorted?

D. a voltage divider
Answer: Option A

7. A parallel circuit differs from a series circuit in that

a parallel circuit has
A. no path for current flow A. R1

B. fewer paths for current flow B. R2

C. one path for current flow C. R3

D. more than one path for current flow D. R4

Answer: Option D Answer: Option D
11. 14.

What does VS equal in the given circuit?

A. 0V
What would these meter readings indicate about
the circuit in the given circuit? B. 9V
Meter Readings: I = 7.6 mA, V = 12 V
A. R1 is open. C. 27 V

B. R2 is open. D. More information is needed to find VS.

Answer: Option B
C. The fuse is open.

D. The circuit is operating normally. 15. The current through R1 will be:
Answer: Option B

12.

A. 128 mA
In the given circuit, Channel 1 of the stereo B. 88 mA
amplifier outputs 12 V to the speakers. How much
total power is the amplifier delivering to the C. 48 mA
speakers?
A. D. 2.2 mA
0W
Answer: Option C
B. 18 W
16 The voltage read by the voltmeter will be:
C. 36 W
.
More information is needed to find the total
D.
power delivered to the speakers.
Answer: Option C

13. If a 1 k and a 2 k resistor are parallel-

connected across a 12 V supply, how much
current is received by the 2 k resistor? A. 24 V

A. 4 mA B. 12 V
B. 6 mA C. 6V
C. 8 mA D. 4V
D. 12 mA Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Answer: Option B No answer description available for this
question. Let us discuss.
View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report
17. Which component is of the wrong value? D. 8.2 W
Answer: Option B

20. What are the individual values of two parallel

resistors whose RT is 8 ohms, when one has
double the resistance of the other?
A. 2.7 ohms and 5.3 ohms

B. 8 ohms and 16 ohms

C. 10 ohms and 20 ohms

D. 12 ohms and 24 ohms

Answer: Option D

21. When a parallel 5 k resistor and a 25 k

A. R1
resistor have a 10 V supply, what is the total
B. R2 power loss?
A. 2.4 mW
C. R3
B. 3.3 mW
D. R4
Answer: Option A C. 24 mW

D. 33 mW
18.
Answer: Option C

22. In a parallel resistive circuit:

there is more than one current path
A.
between two points
What does I3 equal in the given circuit? the voltage applied divides between the
B.
A. 5 mA branches

B. 45 mA the total branch power exceeds the source

C.
power
C. 50 mA
the total circuit conductance is less than
D.
D. 100 mA the smallest branch conductance
Answer: Option A Answer: Option A

19. What is the total power of the circuit? 23. What is the total resistance?

A. 2.2 W A. 7k
B. 4.2 W
B. 1k
C. 6.2 W
C. 706
 Answer: Option C
D. 353
Answer: Option D 27. If 550 mA of current leaves a node that had 250
mA entering from one branch, how much current
24. Kirchhoff's current law for parallel circuits states would enter from the other?
that the:
A. 250 mA
A. sum of all branch voltages equals zero
B. 300 mA
total circuit resistance is less than the
B. C. 550 mA
smallest branch resistor

sum of currents into a junction is equal to D. 800 mA

C.
the difference of all the branch currents Answer: Option B
sum of the total currents flowing out of a
D. junction equals the sum of the total 28.
currents flowing into that junction
Answer: Option D

25 Which component is open?

.

What would these meter readings indicate about

the circuit in the given circuit?
Meter Readings: I = 10 mA, V = 12 V
A. R1 is open.

B. R2 is open.
A. R1 C. The fuse is open.
B. R2 D. The circuit is operating normally.
C. R3 Answer: Option D

D. R4 29.
Answer: Option C

26.

What does RT equal in the given circuit?

A. 90

B. 180
What would these meter readings indicate about
the circuit in the given circuit? C. 200
Meter Readings: I = 0 mA, V = 0 V
A. R1 is open. D. 1.8 k

B. R2 is open. Answer: Option A

C. The fuse is open. 30. What procedure should be followed when

troubleshooting with an ammeter or voltmeter?
D. The circuit is operating normally.
 A. 35.
Short the leads and adjust.

B. Check the meter’s external power supply.

Start with the highest scale and adjust

C.
down to a lower scale.

Start with the lowest scale and adjust up to

D.
a higher scale.
What does P2 equal in the given circuit?
Answer: Option C
A. 45 mW
31. A parallel circuit is also used as a divider for:
B. 405 mW
A. conductance
C. 450 mW
B. voltage
D. 900 mW
C. power
Answer: Option B
D. current
36.
Answer: Option D

32. What is RT for a 12 k , a 4 k , and a 3 k

resistor in parallel?
A. 1.5 k

B. 2k

C. 6.3 k What does R1 equal in the given circuit?

D. 19 k A. 90
Answer: Option A
B. 180
33. What is the total resistance of four 1 k parallel- C. 200
connected resistors?
A. 200 ohms D. 1.8 k
B. 250 ohms Answer: Option B

C. 400 ohms 37. What is the total resistance?

D. 4 kilohms
Answer: Option B

34. Which are the better test devices used to isolate a

suspected open component within a parallel
circuit?
A. a voltmeter or an ohmmeter

B. neither an ammeter nor a voltmeter

C. a wattmeter or a voltmeter

D. an ammeter or an ohmmeter
Answer: Option D

A. 1.045 k
 Answer: Option A
B. 1.545 k

C. 2.045 k 3. The currents into a junction flow along two paths.

One current is 4 A and the other is 3 A. The total
D. 2.545 k current out of the junction is
Answer: Option B A. 1A

B. 7A
38. What is RT for fifteen 2 M resistors all
connected in parallel? C. unknown
A. 133 k
D. the larger of the two
B. 300 k Answer: Option B
C. 750 k
4. When an additional resistor is connected across
D. 30 M an existing parallel circuit, the total resistance
A. remains the same
Answer: Option A
decreases by the value of the added
39. Which is considered to be the common reference B.
resistor
for a parallel circuit?
A. Voltage increases by the value of the added
C.
resistor
B. Current
D. decreases
C. Power Answer: Option D
D. Resistance
5. When a 1.6 k resistor and a 120 resistor are
Answer: Option A connected in parallel, the total resistance is
A. greater than 1.6 k
PARALLEL CIRCUITS 2
B. greater than 120 but less than 1.6 k
1. An ammeter has an internal resistance of 50 .
The meter movement itself can handle up to 1 C. less than 120 but greater than 100
mA. If 10 mA is applied to the meter, the shunt
resistor, RSH1, is approximately D. less than 100
A. 55 Answer: Option C
B. 5.5
6. If there are a total of 120 mA into a parallel circuit
C. 50 consisting of three branches, and two of the
branch currents are 40 mA and 10 mA, the third
D. 9 branch current is
Answer: Option B A. 50 mA

B. 70 mA
2. The total resistance of a parallel circuit is 50 . If
the total current is 120 mA, the current through C. 120 mA
the 270 resistor that makes up part of the
parallel circuit is approximately D. 40 mA
A. 22 mA Answer: Option B

B. 120 mA 7. Three lights are connected in parallel across a

120 volt source. If one light burns out,
C. 220 mA
A. the remaining two will glow dimmer
D. 50 mA
 B. 11. A 470 resistor, a 220 resistor, and a
the remaining two will glow brighter
100 resistor are all in parallel. The total
C. the remaining two will not light resistance is approximately
A. 790
the remaining two will glow with the same
D.
brightness as before B. 470
Answer: Option D
C. 60
8. Four equal-value resistors are connected in
D. 30
parallel. Ten volts are applied across the parallel
circuit and 2 mA are measured from the source. Answer: Option C
The value of each resistor is Explanation:
A. 1/R = (1/470 + 1/220 + 1/100)
12.5

B. 200 R = 59.98 ohm

C. 20 K 12. Five light bulbs are connected in parallel across

110 V. Each bulb is rated at 200 W. The current
D. 50 through each bulb is approximately
Answer: Option C A. 2.2 A
Explanation:
10/(R/4) = 2 mA B. 137 mA

40/R = 2 mA C. 1.8 A

D. 9.09 A
R = 40/2 mA
Answer: Option C
= 40/0.002 A
13. Four resistors of equal value are connected in
= 20000 kohm (20 kohm) parallel. If the total voltage is 15 V and the total
resistance is 600 , the current through each
9. A set of Christmas tree lights is connected in parallel resistor is
parallel across a 110 V source. The filament of A. 25 mA
each light bulb is 1.8 k . The current through
each bulb is approximately B. 100 mA
A. 610 mA
C. 6.25 mA
B. 18 mA
D. 200 mA
C. 110 mA Answer: Option C
D. 61 mA
14. Five 100 resistors are connected in parallel. If
Answer: Option D one resistor is removed, the total resistance is
A. 25
10. The power dissipation in each of four parallel
branches is 1.2 W. The total power dissipation is B. 500
A. 1.2 W
C. 100
B. 4.8 W
D. 20
C. 0.3 W
Answer: Option A
D. 12 W Explanation:
1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 + 1/R4
Answer: Option B
1/R = 1/100 + 1/100 + 100 + 1/100
 1/R = 4/100 19. The following resistors are in parallel across a
voltage source: 220 , 470 , and 560 . The
1/R = 1/25 resistor with the least current is
Therefore R = 25 ohm. A. 220

B. 470
15. Four 8 speakers are connected in parallel to
the output of an audio amplifier. If the maximum
C. 560
voltage to the speakers is 12 V, the amplifier must
be able to deliver to the speakers impossible to determine without knowing
D.
A. 18 W the voltage
Answer: Option C
B. 1.5 W

C. 48 W 20. Three 47 resistors are connected in parallel

across a 110 volt source. The current drawn from
D. 72 W the source is approximately
Answer: Option D A. 2.3 A

16. In a certain three-branch parallel circuit, R1 has 12 B. 780 mA

mA through it, R2 has 15 mA through it,
C. 47 mA
and R3 has 25 mA through it. After measuring a
total of 27 mA, you can say that D. 7.06 A
A. R3 is open Answer: Option D
B. R1 is open
21. There is a total of 800 mA of current into four
C. R2 is open parallel resistors. The currents through three of
the resistors are 40 mA, 70 mA, and 200 mA. The
D. the circuit is operating properly current through the fourth resistor is
Answer: Option A A. 490 mA

17. A sudden increase in the total current into a B. 800 mA

parallel circuit may indicate
C. 310 mA
A. a drop in source voltage
D. 0 A
B. an open resistor
Answer: Option A
C. an increase in source voltage
22. Four resistors are connected in parallel. Fifteen
either a drop in source voltage or an open mA flows through resistor R. If the second resistor
D.
resistor is 2R, the third resistor 3R, and the fourth resistor
4R, the total current in the circuit is
Answer: Option C
A. 60 mA
18. The following currents are measured in the same
direction in a three-branch parallel circuit: 200 B. 15 mA
mA, 340 mA, and 700 mA. The value of the
C. 135 mA
current into the junction of these branches is
A. 200 mA D. 31.25 mA

B. Answer: Option D
540 mA

C. 1.24 A 23. If one of the resistors in a parallel circuit is

removed, the total resistance
D. 900 mA A. decreases
Answer: Option C
B. increases
 C. remains the same C. LASCR

D. doubles D. SCS
Answer: Option B Answer: Option A

24. Six resistors are in parallel. The two lowest-value 4. Which of the following devices has a negative-
resistors are both 1.2 k . The total resistance resistance region in its characteristics curve?
A. is less than 6 k A. SCR

B. is greater than 1.2 k B. SCS

C. is less than 1.2 k C. Unijunction transistor

D. is less than 600 D. Phototransistor

Answer: Option D Answer: Option C

25. In a five-branch parallel circuit, there are 12 mA of 5. Determine RB1 for a silicon PUT if it is determined
current in each branch. If one of the branches that h = 0.84, VP = 11.2 V, and RB2 = 5 k .
opens, the current in each of the other four A. 12.65 k
branches is
A. 48 mA B. 16.25 k

B. 12 mA C. 20.00 k

C. 0 A D. 26.25 k
Answer: Option D
D. 3 mA
Answer: Option B
6. How many terminals does a programmable
PNPN unijunction transistor (PUT) have?
A. 4
1. Which of the following devices does not have a
cathode terminal? B. 3
A. SCR
C. 2
B. SCS
D. 1
C. Triac
Answer: Option B
D. Shockley diode
7. What is the typical value of the reverse resistance
Answer: Option C of SCRs?
A. 1 to 10
2. Today, the SCR is more widely used than the
TRIAC.
B. 100 to 1 k
A. True
C. 1 k to 50 k
B. False
Answer: Option B D. 100 k or more
Answer: Option D
3. Which of the following devices is unquestionably
of the greatest interest today? 8. The ISO-LIT Q1 16-pin Litronix opto-isolator DIP
A. SCR contains ________ opto-isolators.
A. 4
B. GTO
 B. 8 C. 5 s to 8 s

C. 12 D. 1 s to 5 s

D. 6 Answer: Option B

Answer: Option A 14. What is the frequency range of application of

SCRs?
9. How many terminals does a Shockley diode
have? A. About 10 kHz
A. 5 B. About 50 kHz

B. 4 C. About 250 kHz

C. 3 D. About 1 mHz

D. 2 Answer: Option B

Answer: Option D 15. This symbol is an example of a(n) ________.

10. What is the range of the variable resistor in the

equivalent circuit of a unijunction transistor?
A. 50 to 5 k

B. 6k to 10 k

C. 5 to 50

D. 1 to 5 A. SCR
Answer: Option A B. SCS

11. Which one of the SCR terminals fires the SCR? C. GTO
A. Anode D. diac
B. Cathode Answer: Option C

C. Gate 16. Which of the following devices has nearly the

same turn-on time as turn-off time?
D. All of the above
A. SCR
Answer: Option C
B. GTO
12. Which of the following devices has the smallest
turn-off time? C. SCS
A. SCR
D. LASCR
B. GTO Answer: Option B

C. SCS 17. This symbol is an example of a(n) ________.

D. LASCR
Answer: Option B

13. What is the range of the turn-on times in high-

power SCR devices? A. SCR

A. 30 s to 100 s B. SCS

B. 10 s to 25 s C. GTO
 D. DIAC B. NOT
Answer: Option A C. AND

18. Which of the transistors of an SCR are conducting D. NAND

when the SCR is fired and is in the conduction
Answer: Option C
mode?
A. npn 22. Which of the following devices has (have) four
layers of semiconductor materials?
B. pnp
A. Silicon-controlled switch (SCS)
C. Both npn and pnp
B. Gate turn-off switch (GTO)
D. Neither npn nor pnp
Light-activated silicon-controlled rectifier
Answer: Option C C.
(LASCR)
19. For an SCS, a ________ pulse at the anode gate D. All of the above
turns the device on, while a ________ pulse will
Answer: Option D
turn it off.
A. negative, positive 23. Which of the following parameters are usually
provided by the manufacturer on the specification
B. positive, negative sheet for SCRs?
Answer: Option A A. Turn-on time (ton )

20. An advantage of the SCR over the SCS is the B. Turn-off time (toff )
reduced turn-off time.
A. True C. Junction and case temperatures (tj and tc )

B. False D. All of the above

Answer: Option B Answer: Option D

24. What is the maximum current (rms) rating for

21. This is an example of a high-isolation ________
commercially available LASCRs today?
gate.
A. 3A

B. 15 A

C. 20 A

D. 25 A
Answer: Option A

25. Which of the following areas is (are) applications

of an SCS?
A. Counters

B. Pulse generators

C. Voltage sensors

D. All of the above

Answer: Option D

A. OR 26. This symbol is an example of a(n) ________.

 C. More predictable firing situation

D. All of the above

Answer: Option D

31. This symbol is an example of a(n)________.

A. SCR

B. SCS

C. GTO

D. DIAC
Answer: Option D A. SCR

27. How many terminals does a silicon-controlled B. SCS

switch (SCS) device have?
C. GTO
A. 2
D. DIAC
B. 3
Answer: Option B
C. 4
32. Which of the following transistors is an SCR
D. 5 composed of?
Answer: Option C A. npn, pnp

28. What is the typical value of the triggering anode B. npn, npn
gate for SCS devices?
C. pnp, pnp
A. 1.5 mA
D. None of the above
B. 150 A
Answer: Option A
C. 15 A
33. A thyristor is a ________-layer semiconductor
D. 1 A material device.
Answer: Option A A. 2

29. What is the typical range of turn-off times for B. 3

SCRs?
C. 4
A. 5 s to 30 s
D. 5
B. 1 s to 5 s
Answer: Option C
C. 0.1 s to 1 s
34. How many layers of semiconductor materials
D. 0.01 s to 0.1 s does a silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) have?
Answer: Option A A. 2

30. Which of the following is (are) the advantages of B. 3

the SCS over a corresponding SCR?
C. 4
A. Reduced turn-off time
D. 5
B. Increased control and triggering sensitivity
Answer: Option C