Analogies GR 6-8

Analogies
Grades 6-8
by Linda Ward Beech
Analogies: Grades 6-8 © Linda Ward Beech, Scholastic Teaching Resources
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Cover illustration by Kate Flanagan
Interior design by Glenn Davis
Interior illustrations by Maxie Chambliss and Kate Flanagan
ISBN 0-439-27174-6
Copyright © 2002 by Linda Ward Beech. All rights reserved.

Printed in the U.S.A.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 40 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01
Contents
To the Teacher 4 Object/Function
Reviewing Object/Function 27
Synonyms Object/Function Sets 28
Reviewing Synonyms 8 Object/Function Analogies 29
Synonym Sets 9 Object/Function Pairs 30
Synonym Analogies 10 Review 4: Analogy Relationships 31
Synonym Pairs 11
Doer/Action
Antonyms Reviewing Doer/Action 32

Reviewing Antonyms 12 Doer/Action Sets 33
Antonym Sets 13 Doer/Action Analogies 34
Antonym Analogies 14 Doer/Action Pairs 35
Antonym Pairs 15 Review 5: Analogy Relationships 36
Review 1: Analogy Relationships 16
Location
Homophones Reviewing Location 37
Reviewing Homophones 17 Location Sets 38
Homophone Sets 18 Location Analogies 39
Homophone Analogies 19 Location Pairs 40
Homophone Pairs 20 Review 6: Analogy Relationships 41
Review 2: Analogy Relationships 21
Skillbuilders
Example and Class Test Prep 1 42
Reviewing Example and Class 22 Test Prep 2 43
Example and Class Sets 23 Test Prep 3 44
Example and Class Analogies 24 Test Prep 4 45
Example and Class Pairs 25 Test Prep 5 46
Review 3: Analogy Relationships 26 Test Prep 6 47
Answers 48
To the Teacher
Why Teach Analogies?
Synonyms (pages 8–11)
A
nalogies explore word—and therefore
concept—relationships. Implicit in making Page 8 This page helps students review the
analogies are numerous critical thinking use of synonyms, perhaps the most
skills. It is for these reasons that analogies common word relationship found in
appear on so many standardized tests. analogies.
Teaching analogies offers important and concrete
Page 9 This page provides practice using syn-
benefits to students. Working with analogies
onym analogies with the “is to” format.
✤ expands students’ vocabulary.
✤ directs students to recognize different shades Think Aloud
of word meanings.
A smirk is a kind of smile so these words are
✤ helps students understand relationships among synonyms; this is a synonym analogy. I need
words and ideas. to find another word for cautious. Grin? No, that
✤ reinforces students’ ability to make comparisons. is a synonym for smile, but not for cautious.
Careful? That seems like a possible choice—
✤ increases reading comprehension.
cautious and careful have similar meanings—
✤ causes students to read more carefully. but I’ll read the other choices to be sure.
✤ develops reasoning skills. Caution? No, caution is a noun. I need an
adjective like cautious to complete this analogy.
✤ prepares students for standardized tests. Careless? No, that does not mean the same
as cautious. The answer is careful.
Using the Book
The reproducible pages in this book provide
step-by-step instruction in introducing and Page 10 Read the tip and review the meaning
practicing seven kinds of analogies. Students of the symbols. For each item, suggest
review the skill needed for understanding each that students repeat a sentence similar
kind of analogy and become familiar with the to the one given in the tip.
formats in which the analogies appear. The THINK!
component at the bottom of each page directs
students to explain and explore their reasoning.
Teacher Tip
As you introduce each type of analogy or for- Remind students as often as necessary to
mat, you’ll want to model how to do it by thinking read all the choices for an analogy before
aloud. See the sample Think Alouds for each writing an answer.
section. Be sure to provide dictionaries and/or
thesauruses for students to use as they work on
the analogies. Page 11 On this page students must choose a
word pair to complete the analogy.
Teacher Tip Remind students to look for a word
Working in pairs or small groups gives students pair in which the words are related in
the opportunity to try out and explain their the same way as the first word pair.
thinking as they complete the analogies.
4
Antonyms (pages 12–16) Page 16 This page reviews synonym and
antonym analogies. Remind students
Page 12 This page provides practice in using
of the importance of understanding
antonyms, another common word
the relationship of the first two words
relationship found in analogies.
in the analogy.
Page 13 This page provides practice using
antonym analogies with the “is to” format. Homophones (pages 17–21)
Page 17 This page provides practice in reviewing
Think Aloud homophones.
Influential means the opposite of powerless so Page 18 On this page students use homophone
this is an antonym analogy. I need to find the analogies with the “is to” format.
opposite of bend. Shape? No, it’s not the
opposite of bend. Straighten? This seems like Think Aloud

a possible answer; straighten is the opposite of
bend. I’ll read the other choices to be sure Idle and idol are homophones so this is a
though. Powerful? No, powerful is the opposite homophone analogy. I need to find a homo-
of powerless, but not bend. Crooked? No, phone for compliment. Common? No, it doesn’t
crooked is related to bend, but it is not the sound the same as compliment. Complement?
opposite. The answer is straighten. Yes, that sounds like compliment but it is
spelled differently. I’ll check the other choices
to be sure. Complete? No. Praise? No, it means
the same thing as compliment, but it isn’t a
Page 14 Read the tip and review the meaning
homophone for it. The answer is complement.
of the symbols. For each item, suggest
that students repeat a sentence similar
to the one given in the tip.
Teacher Tip of the symbols.
Suggest that students predict what the answer Teacher Tip

might be before they look at the answer choices,
then look to see if their guess is there. Remind Because of different accents and dialects,
students that if the exact word isn’t given as a students may need pronunciation help with
choice, they should look for a synonym. homophones.
Page 15 On this page students must choose a Page 20 On this page students must choose a
word pair to complete the analogy. word pair to complete the analogy.
Remind students to look for a word Page 21 This page reviews synonym, antonym,
pair in which the words are related in and homophone analogies. Remind
the same way as the first word pair. students of the importance of under-
standing the relationship of the first
two words in the analogy.
5
Example and Class (pages 22–26) Think Aloud
Page 22 This page gives students practice in
A camera photographs things so this is an
grouping items into classes in prepara-
object/function analogy. I need to find the
tion for example and class analogies.
function of a ruler. Inch? No, a ruler measures
Page 23 On this page students use example in inches, but inch is not a function. Foot?
and class analogies with the “is to” No, a ruler can measure feet, but a foot is not
format. a function. Picture? No, a picture is what a
camera takes, but it is not the function of a
Think Aloud ruler. Measure? Yes, the function of a ruler is
to measure.
A semicolon is a form of punctuation so this
analogy is one of example and class. I need
to find a class for diphtheria. Comma? No, a

comma is a kind of punctuation but it is not Page 29 Read the tip and review the meaning
related to diphtheria. Sentence? No, punctua- of the symbols.
tion is used in a sentence but it is not related
to diphtheria. Disease? That sounds like a Teacher Tip
possibility; diphtheria is a kind of disease.
Students should look for verbs when they
I’ll read the last choice to be sure though.
choose the answers.
Cholera? No, cholera is another disease, so it
is an example, not the class name. The answer
is disease.
Page 30 On this page students must choose a
Page 24 Read the tip and review the meaning Page 31 This page reviews synonym, antonym,
of the symbols. homophone, example/class, and
object/function analogies. Remind
students of the importance of under-
standing the relationship of the first
Page 26 This page reviews synonym, antonym, two words in the analogy.
homophone, and example/class
analogies. Remind students of the Doer/Action (pages 32–36)
importance of understanding the
relationship of the first two words in
identifying the actions of different people
the analogy.
in preparation for doer/action analogies.
Object/Function (pages 27–31) Page 33 On this page students use doer/action
analogies with the “is to” format.
identifying the function of different
items in preparation for object / f unction
analogies.
Page 28 On this page students use
object/function analogies with the “is
to” format.
6
Think Aloud Think Aloud
An action of a surgeon is to operate so this Toothpaste is found in a pharmacy so this is a
is a doer/action analogy. I need to find the location analogy. I need to find a location for
action of an author. I can predict that it will be money. I can predict that it will be a bank or a
to write. Let’s see if that is an answer choice. wallet. Let’s see what the answer choices are.
Illustrate? No, that is the action of an artist. Dollars? No, dollars are a kind of money but
Narrate? Well, an author does narrate. I’ll read not a location for it. Drugstore? No, drugstore
the other choices though. Doctor? No, doctor is a synonym for pharmacy but not a location
is a noun, not a verb or action word. Correct? for money. Teeth? No, toothpaste is used on
That’s not the main function of an author. teeth. Bank? Yes, a bank is a place where
I think narrate is the best choice here. It’s not money is located. So my prediction was correct.
what I expected, but it still makes sense.

Page 34 Read the tip and review the meaning of the symbols.
of the symbols. Page 40 On this page students must choose a
Teacher Tip Page 41 This page reviews synonym, antonym,
Suggest to the students that if they’re really homophone, example/class, object/
stumped for an answer, they should go on to function, doer/action, and location
the next problem. Students can come back to analogies. Remind students of the
any incomplete problems if there is time. importance of understanding the
relationship of the first two words in
the analogy.
Test Prep Skillbuilders (pages 42–47)
These pages provide practice in completing in
Page 36 This page reviews synonym, antonym, test format the seven kinds of analogies covered
homophone, example/class, in this book. Although the pages do not require
object/function, and doer/action that students write the kind of analogy as they do
analogies. Remind students of the on the Review pages, remind students that they
importance of understanding the must nevertheless identify the kind of analogy in
relationship of the first two words in order to complete it correctly.
the analogy.
Location (pages 37–41) Teacher Tip

Page 37 This page provides practice in identify- In many cases students’ errors are caused by
ing where different things are usually their unfamiliarity with a word. Encourage
found. students to use a dictionary to check their work.
Page 38 On this page students use location
analogies with the “is to” format.
7
Synonyms Name ________________
Reviewing Synonyms
Words that have similar meanings are called synonyms. Rewrite each sentence
using a synonym from the box in place of the underlined word.
reluctantly bounding dilapidated thunderous

rambled scarce peculiar abandon
1. Andrea went all over the woods looking for wild mushrooms.
2. She didn’t know that they were rare at this time of year.
3. Suddenly, there was a loud sound up ahead.
4. It gave Andrea a strange feeling.
5. Did it come from that rundown hut?
6. Perhaps she should stop her search and return home.
7. Somewhat unwillingly Andrea retraced her steps toward home.
8. As she neared home, her dog came running toward her.
THINK!
What other synonyms could you use
for each word?
8
Synonym Sets
Synonyms are often used in analogies. When the words in the first set of an analogy are
synonyms, the words in the second set must be synonyms too. Complete each analogy
sentence with a synonym for the third underlined word.
Tip
Gift is to present as string is to twine.
Say to yourself: Gift is a synonym for present,
so a synonym for string would be twine.
1. Smirk is to smile as cautious is to _____.

grin careful caution careless
2. Defeat is to conquer as legal is to _____.

wrong defend lawful illegal
3. Pact is to agreement as trash is to _____.

clean rubbish sweep contract
4. Grotto is to cave as lazy is to _____.

sleepy energetic hidden idle
5. Rival is to competitor as dusk is to _____.

twilight dawn foe desk
6. Annoy is to irritate as discuss is to _____.

aggravate converse decide listen
7. Tepid is to lukewarm as polite is to _____.

rude police hot courteous
8. Flawed is to imperfect as secure is to _____.

insecure secret confident damaged
THINK!
Explain to a partner why you chose
each answer.
9
Synonym Analogies
Analogies are sometimes written with symbols. The symbol [:] stands for the words is to, and the
symbol [::] stands for as. Read the first word pair in each analogy below. Then choose the correct
word to complete the analogy.
Tip
enough : sufficient :: retort : answer
Say to yourself: Enough is to sufficient (they are synonyms)
as retort is to answer (they are synonyms too).
1. stroll : saunter :: compel : _____

force march ignore compete
2. unruly : wild :: extravagant : _____

miserly extraordinary lavish crazy
3. decline : deteriorate :: surround : _____

fail focus surprise encompass
4. strict : rigid :: ugly : _____

plain hideous beautiful relaxed
5. thin : slender :: severe : _____

wide narrow harsh serious
6. slither : slide :: scrawl : _____

scribble crawl stroll paint
7. red : crimson :: azure : _____

blush scarlet blue green
8. mature : ripe :: precarious : _____

safe dangerous pretty rotten
THINK!
Review your answers with a partner. Explain
why you did not choose the other words.
10
Synonym Pairs
Each word pair is the beginning of an analogy. Complete the analogy by choosing the word pair
that is related in the same way.
Tip
approve : endorse :: tranquil : serene
Say to yourself: Approve and endorse are synonyms.
To complete the analogy, the second word pair must
also have synonyms. Tranquil and serene are synonyms.
1. rogue : scoundrel :: _____

mittens : hat idea : concept cheap : costly you : ewe
2. habit : custom :: _____

conceal : acquaint source : root corps : core paw : wolf
3. mingle : blend :: _____

scatter : combine hold : release display : show sell : cell
4. token : omen :: _____

bit : fragment overlook : notice invent : invention flower : garden
5. savage : ferocious :: _____

grapefruit : orange bright : dreary oar : ore murky : gloomy
6. donation : contribution :: _____

clarify : bewilder doubt : distrust loud : louder pint : quart
7. worship : idolize :: _____

flog : beat groan : grown pin : jewelry fury : delight
8. gloat : boast :: _____

mend : shatter hemlock : tree rip : tear build : billed
THINK!
Read your answers to a partner. Explain how
the word pairs you did not choose are related.
11
Antonyms Name ________________
Reviewing Antonyms
Words that have opposite meanings are called antonyms. Rewrite each sentence
using an antonym from the box in place of each underlined word.
located gorgeous irrigated increased

contentment capture clear excited
1. From her window Sam had a vague view to the west.

2. She looked out over the parched field.
3. Had the number of wildflowers diminished in the past month?
4. The thought filled her with a feeling of despair.
5. It was hard not to feel indifferent about this field.
6. The flowers made such a dull sight.
7. Sam wanted to release the scene before her.
8. She misplaced her camera and went outside.
THINK!
How do the words you used change
the meaning of each sentence?
12
Antonym Sets
Antonyms are often used in analogies. When the words in the first set of an analogy are antonyms,
the words in the second set must be antonyms too. Complete each analogy sentence with an
antonym for the third underlined word.
Tip
Then is to now as traitor is to patriot.
Say to yourself: Then is to now (they are antonyms),
as traitor is to patriot(they are antonyms too).
1. Influential is to powerless as bend is to _____.

shape straighten powerful crooked
2. Conclude is to launch as compress is to _____.

expand deflate start express
3. Proud is to humble as shipshape is to _____.

modest shipwreck neat sloppy
4. Vast is to tiny as harsh is to _____.

enormous early tender bitter
5. Suppress is to advertise as concrete is to _____.

abstract hard hide commercial
6. Lush is to barren as repel is to _____.

rich attract empty repeat
7. Grieve is to rejoice as uphold is to _____.

undermine revive please sorrow
8. Destroy is to create as wander is to _____.

ruin wonder roam remain
THINK!
Read your answers to a partner.
Explain why you chose them.
13
Antonym Analogies
Tip
inquire : reply :: cleanse : soil
Say to yourself: Inquire is an antonym for reply,
so an antonym for cleanse would be soil.
1. withdraw : present :: firm : _____

exhibit hide unstable hard
2. scream : whisper :: synonym : _____

similar antonym yell homophone
3. scarce : abundant :: torrent : _____

sure trickle water stream
4. fatigue : vigor :: integrity : _____

energy tiredness integral dishonesty
5. comedy : tragedy :: artificial : _____

unreal sad genuine funny
6. rigid : changeable :: fearless : _____

frightened stiff floppy brave
7. above : below :: nervous : _____

nervy anxious over unruffled
8. overt : subtle :: brilliant : _____

bold clever dim shiny
THINK!
14
Antonym Pairs
Each word pair is the beginning of an analogy. Complete the
analogy by choosing the word pair that is related in the same way.
YES!
Tip
anterior : posterior :: deny : affirm
Say to yourself: Anterior and posterior are antonyms. To complete the analogy, the
second word pair must also have antonyms. Deny and affirm are also antonyms.
1. alienate : unite :: _____

concur : disagree agree : consent past : passed change : alter
2. intricate : simple :: _____

splendid : wonderful amiable : contrary snow : cold doubtful : unlikely
3. lucky : unfortunate :: _____

important : necessary fortunate : fortunately horseshoe : clover strenuous : easy
4. enchant : disgust :: _____

charm : charming attract : lure bequeath : receive loan : lone
5. sullen : cheerful :: _____

happy : happiness glum : upset organized : chaotic clown : laughter
6. ignorant : informed :: _____

shallow : deep unlearned : illiterate missed : mist real : realistic
7. empower : disable :: _____

eliminate : exclude persist : stop unable : enable beech : tree
8. copy : originate :: _____

mown : moan imitate : mimic bud : blossom injure : aid
THINK!
15
Review 1: Analogy Relationships
Read the first set of the analogy. Write the phrase that tells how the words are related.
Then choose the correct word to complete the analogy.
Relationships: Synonyms Antonyms
1. life : death :: likely : _____ Relationship: ___________________

inevitable morbid improbable alike
2. valiant : brave :: messy : _____ Relationship: ___________________

orderly afraid realistic disorganized
3. permanent : movable :: dogged : _____ Relationship: ___________________

canine indecisive stuck determined
4. effort : exertion :: semaphore : _____ Relationship: ___________________

tiring phone indifference signal
5. verdant : green :: navy : _____ Relationship: ___________________

yellow blue spring rock
6. decorous : rude :: joyful : _____ Relationship: ___________________

mournful boorish happy decorated
7. complex : simple :: incompetent : _____ Relationship: ___________________

unable able convoluted confused
8. leisurely : relaxed :: dainty : _____ Relationship: ___________________

busy coarse delicate casual
THINK!
Tell a partner why it is important to recognize how
the words in the first set of an analogy are related.
16
Homophones Name ________________
Reviewing Homophones
Words that sound alike but have different spellings and meanings are
called homophones. New, knew, and gnu are homophones. Rewrite each
sentence using a homophone from the box in place of the underlined word.
borough pier strait cruise

trussed mast stationary cash
1. Slowly, the boat made its way through the narrow straight.
2. The passengers watched as it pulled up to the peer.
3. Randy clung to the massed as a wave suddenly rocked the boat.
4. It had been a rough crews during the past few days.
5. Skillfully, the mate trust up the lines and made the boat secure.
6. Randy stepped ashore enjoying the stationery dock.
7. He prepared to stroll through the burrow of Dornville.
8. As he left the shore, he checked to be sure he had some cache.
THINK!
What other homophones do you know?
17
Homophone Sets
Homophones are often used in analogies. When the words in the first set of an analogy are
homophones, the words in the second set must be homophones too. Complete each analogy
sentence with a homophone for the third underlined word.
Tip
Shoo is to shoe as toad is to towed.
Say to yourself: Shoo is a homophone for shoe,
so a homophone for toad would be towed.
1. Idle is to idol as compliment is to _____.

common complement complete praise
2. Faint is to feint as sensor is to _____.

sensible cents censor fade
3. Ark is to arc as colonel is to _____.

kernel column curve captain
4. Mantel is to mantle as jamb is to _____.

mandolin jump lamb jam
5. Flair is to flare as yew is to _____.

flame yaw ewe yes
6. Prey is to pray as tern is to _____.

term turn praise turf
7. Staid is to stayed as style is to _____.

stem stake sty stile
8. Weave is to we’ve as yoke is to _____.

we’d yodel yolk joke
THINK!
Explain to a partner what each homophone means.
18
Homophone Analogies
Tip
suite : sweet :: flower : flour
Say to yourself: Suite is to sweet (they are homophones)
as flower is to flour (they are homophones too).
1. soar : sore :: whose : _____

who whom who’s who’d
2. rose : rows :: seen : _____

scene see sea rowed
3. slay : sleigh :: peace : _____

pea piece sled war
4. dough : doe :: heard : _____

hear herd head held
5. forth : fourth :: hangar : _____

hunger hinge hanger hedge
6. plum : plumb :: aisle : _____

ail row isle ace
7. bury : berry :: awl : _____

awe all ax old
8. berth : birth :: bow : _____

bowl bold woof beau
THINK!
Use each homophone you chose in a sentence.
19
Homophone Name ________________
Homophone Pairs
Tip
mussel : muscle :: boy : buoy
Say to yourself: Mussel and muscle are homophones. To complete the analogy,
the second word pair must also have homophones. Boy and buoy are homophones.
1. canvas : canvass :: _____

scent : cent cat : rat hall : hail eat : ate
2. bread : bred :: _____

creak : brook bore : boar loose : tight choose : chose
3. caste : cast :: _____

grab : pick throw : threw husky : weak brews : bruise
4. sear : seer :: _____

see : saw wade : weighed ally : alley alike : different
5. weather : whether :: _____

pile : heap plural : singular rowed : road affect : effect
6. chews : choose :: _____

desert : dessert less : more coop : coupe hungry : satiated
7. find : fined :: _____

loot : lute lose : lost angle : angel color : hue
8. oh : owe :: _____
costume : custom least : most worry : fret flue : flew
THINK!
the word pairs you did not circle are related.
20
Read the first word pair of the analogy. Write the phrase from the box that tells how the words are
related. Then choose the correct word to complete the analogy.
Relationships: Synonyms Antonyms Homophones
1. role : roll :: scull : _____ Relationship: ___________________

scroll scrawl skill skull
2. input : output :: liberal : _____ Relationship: ___________________

outcome library free conservative
3. rural : urban :: infrequent : _____ Relationship: ___________________

rare often suburban regular
4. generous : unselfish :: difficult : _____ Relationship: ___________________

easy selfish different troublesome
5. fidelity : faithfulness :: clamor : _____ Relationship: ___________________

shout clamp unfaithful whisper
6. mall : maul :: raze : _____ Relationship: ___________________

shop shave lower raise
7. wood : would :: eye : _____ Relationship: ___________________

see aye banned I’ll
8. conquer : overcome :: vagrant : _____ Relationship: ____________________

vacant vague vanquish vagabond
THINK!
21
Example and Class Name ________________
Reviewing Example and Class
Things can be grouped or classed together because they are alike in some way.
Write two examples from the box for each class below.
spinach latitude landscape trapezoid democracy computer

dictatorship radius flannel fable century isthmus
decade lathe sonnet eggplant corduroy portrait
1. Governments
2. Fabrics
3. Machines
4. Vegetables
5. Time
6. Mathematics
7. Literature
8. Painting
9. Geography
THINK!
Think of another example for each class.
22
Example and Class Sets
An example and its class are often used in analogies. When the words in the first set of an analogy
are example and class, the words in the second set must be example and class too. Complete
each analogy sentence with the class of the third underlined word.
Tip
Pomegranate is to fruit as clarinet is to instrument. Say to yourself:
A pomegranate is a kind of fruit and a clarinet is a kind of instrument.
1. Semicolon is to punctuation as diphtheria is to _____.

comma sentence disease cholera
2. Cottage is to shelter as casement is to _____.

window open mansion view
3. Kilimanjaro is to mountain as Baikal is to _____.

hill lake large country
4. Gardenia is to flower as yew is to _____.

blossom odor you bush
5. Lacrosse is to sport as pistachio is to _____.

goal nut green dessert
6. Cousin is to family as podiatrist is to _____.

uncle foot podium doctor
7. Scarlet is to color as coal is to _____.

black goal mineral oil
8. Czar is to ruler as typhoon is to _____.

storm tyrant typewriter blizzard
THINK!
Explain to a partner why you
chose each answer.
23
Example and Class Analogies
Tip
fan : appliance :: crib : bed
Say to yourself: Fan is to appliance as crib is to bed. A fan
is an example of an appliance, and a crib is an example of a bed.
1. panther : cat :: sandal : _____

kitty cougar shoe teapot
2. jump rope : game :: iron : _____

ore clothes press marbles
3. cannon : weapon :: lobster : _____

shell crustacean crab reptile
4. Wisconsin : state :: Juneau : _____

goddess Alaska country city
5. Ganges : river :: Crete : _____

Greece island mountain sea
6. kayak : boat :: turnip : _____

vegetable fruit ship water
7. heart : organ :: leg : _____

liver love arm limb
8. collie : dog :: swallow : _____

mouth food bird nest
THINK!
24
Example and Class Pairs
Tip
hockey : sport :: tarragon : herb
Say to yourself: Hockey is an example of a sport. To complete the
analogy, the second word pair must also show an example and its class.
Tarragon is an example of an herb.
1. doe : female :: _____

prays : praise drake : male peak : summit kitten : kitty
2. cheddar : cheese :: _____

scalene : triangle ant : aunt cracker : chip eat : devour
3. Mercury : planet :: _____

sun : moon Atlanta : Georgia Gobi : desert blues : jazz
4. haiku : poem :: _____

soup : broth rhyme : meter hammer : nail matzo : bread
5. kit : baby animal :: _____

bull : cow nougat : candy muffler : scarf comma : dash
6. fibula : bone :: _____

snail : mollusk nation : country desk : chair root : stem
7. curry : spice :: _____

lake : pond beach : beech applaud : audience apatosaurus : dinosaur
8. magenta : color :: _____

real : reel northeast : direction crayon : draw dry : humid
THINK!
Read your answers to a partner. Explain why
you did not choose the other word pairs.
25
Read the first word pair of the analogy. Write the phrase from the box that tells how the words are
Relationships: Synonyms Antonyms

Homophones Example and Class
1. rest : wrest :: hostel : _____ Relationship: ___________________

hotel relax hostile wrench
2. melt : dissolve :: expire : _____ Relationship: ___________________

harden die expose live
3. lipstick : cosmetic :: linguine : _____ Relationship: ___________________

rouge language ravioli pasta
4. spiritual : corporal :: sage : _____ Relationship: ___________________

stage smart unwise body
5. personal : public :: praise : _____ Relationship: ___________________

condemn prays honor private
6. feat : accomplishment :: precipitation : _____ Relationship: ___________________

rain deed feat perspiration
7. scarf : accessory :: cucumber : _____ Relationship: ___________________

color garden helper vegetable
8. apprehensive : fearful :: congenial : _____ Relationship: ___________________

angry amiable congested congealed
THINK!
26
Object/Function Name ________________
Reviewing Object/Function
Things are often associated with their function. Write two examples from the box
under each function below.
harp door knife saxophone helicopter broom

elevator oven shovel inline skates jet forklift
wagon scissors mop spade window furnace
1. Things That Cut

2. Things That Dig
3. Things That Open
4. Things That Make Music
5. Things That Roll
6. Things That Heat
7. Things That Fly
8. Things That Lift
9. Thinks That Clean
THINK!
Think of another item that performs each function.
27
Object/Function Sets
An object and its function often appear in analogies. When the words in the first word pair of an
analogy are an object and its function, the words in the second word pair must be an object and
its function too. Complete each analogy sentence with the function of the third underlined word.
Tip
Lamp is to light as mitt is to catch.
Say to yourself: A lamp is for lighting things,
and a mitt is for catching things.
1. Camera is to photograph as ruler is to _____.

inch foot picture measure
2. Pencil is to write as brush is to _____.

paint comb paper build
3. Microscope is to magnify as calculator is to _____.

see accountant add mistake
4. Saw is to cut as scale is to _____.

weigh fish heavy size
5. Ear is to hear as mouth is to _____.

moth eye listen speak
6. Helmet is to protect as taxi is to _____.

cab transport head street
7. Chair is to sit as bed is to _____.

seat cot sleep stand
8. Needle is to sew as toy is to _____.

break play mend doll
THINK!
28
Object/Function Analogies
Tip
airplane : fly :: comma : pause
Say to yourself: Airplane is to fly (the function of an airplane is to fly) as a comma
is to pause (the function of a comma is to indicate a pause).
1. telescope : enlarge :: album : _____

display destroy star photo
2. lighthouse : warn :: fork : _____

spoon form ship eat
3. airplane : fly :: iron : _____

metal urn press wrinkle
4. oar : row :: rod : _____

boat fish rode pheasant
5. spaceship : explore :: lifeboat : _____

sea astronaut rescue sailor
6. television : view :: radio : _____

listen taste time beam
7. hurdle : jump :: discus : _____

run throw leap catch
8. loom : weave :: pump : _____

plump cloth fill handle
THINK!
29
Object/Function Pairs
Each word pair is an analogy. Complete each analogy by choosing the word pair that is related in
the same way.
Tip
tooth : chew :: sign : inform
Say to yourself: The function of a tooth is to chew, and the function of a sign is to
inform. The second word pair also must show an object and its function.
1. ladder : climb :: _____

over : under towel : dry stick : twig roof : fall
2. razor : shave :: _____

pin : needle pea : pod moustache : beard football : kick
3. horn : blow :: _____

collar : shirt seesaw : swing sponge : wipe paper : pen
4. kite : fly :: _____

brick : concrete cup : drink flute : clarinet up : down
5. hatchet : chop :: _____

shoes : socks glasses : goggles catalog : sell dentist : optometrist
6. refrigerator : cool :: _____

banana : yellow sculpture : art outlaw : criminal crayon : draw
7. rolling pin : flatten :: _____

penny : dime fork : eat ice cream : cone can : jar
8. roof : cover :: _____

pulley : lift power : energy cottage : house piano : harp
THINK!
Read your answers to a partner. Explain how the
word pairs you did not choose are related.
30
Read the first set of the analogy. Write the phrase from the box that tells how the words are
Relationships : Synonyms Antonyms Homophones

Example and Class Object /Function
1. bulldozer : push :: backhoe : _____ Relationship: ___________________

scrape crane machine dig
2. superiority : inferiority :: methodical : _____ Relationship: ___________________

better haphazard method medical
3. brooch : jewelry :: larkspur : _____ Relationship: ___________________

bird pin flower crocus
4. suite : sweet :: thyme : _____ Relationship: ___________________

herb time sour thigh
5. tweezers : pluck :: key : _____ Relationship: ___________________

door main quay lock
6. greeting : salutation :: uncouth : _____ Relationship: ___________________

rude letter youth parting
7. factory : manufacture :: tunnel : _____ Relationship: ___________________

long connect product underground
8. hyphen : punctuation :: hexagon :_____ Relationship: ___________________

military pentagon comma polygon
THINK!
31
Doer/Action Name ________________
Reviewing Doer/Action
People and animals are often associated with the things they do. Write two
examples from the box under each person below.
rescues cooks drills hammers competes shampoos

trains mends fills builds sews amuses
entertains paints sketches bakes observes combs
1. Dentist
2. Artist
3. Carpenter
4. Tailor
5. Chef
6. Athlete
7. Lifeguard
8. Performer
9. Hairdresser
THINK!
Think of something else each person does.
32
Doer/Action Sets
People or animals and the things they do often appear in analogies. When the words in the first set
of an analogy are a doer and an action, the words in the second set must have this relationship
too. Complete each analogy sentence with the action of the third underlined word.
Tip
Sculptor is to chisel as architect is to design.
Say to yourself: An action that a sculptor does is to chisel stone
and an action that an architect does is to design buildings.
1. Surgeon is to operate as author is to _____.

illustrate narrate doctor correct
2. Minister is to preach as monarch is to _____.

butterfly sovereign sermon rule
3. Teacher is to instruct as coach is to _____.

train learn gym player
4. Horse is to gallop as dog is to _____.

win guard cat house
5. Actress is to perform as scientist is to _____.

applaud science act research
6. Legislator is to lawmaking as policeman is to _____.

firefighter uniform patrol jail
7. Salesperson is to sell as seamstress is to _____.

stitch fabric buy needle
8. Bird is to migrate as bear is to _____.

fly hibernate honey fur
THINK!
33
Doer/Action Analogies
Tip
duck: waddle :: snake : slither
Say to yourself: An action that a duck does is to waddle,
and an action that a snake does is to slither.
1. skeptic : doubt :: apprentice : _____

expert trust new learn
2. artist : illustrate :: critic : _____

design create review recycle
3. coyote : hunt :: buffalo : _____

bison stampede plains kill
4. waiter : serve :: comedian : _____

dine sadden comic amuse
5. courier : deliver :: detective : _____

lose depart solve messenger
6. judge : rule :: receptionist : _____

door greet court appointment
7. hygienist : clean :: golfer : _____

swing hole cart run
8. archer : aim :: sleeper : _____

miss bed snore nightgown
THINK!
34
Doer/Action Pairs
Tip
laundress : scrub :: janitor : mop
Say to yourself: An action that a laundress does is scrub.
To complete the analogy, the second word pair must also show
an action and someone who does it. A janitor mops.
1. swimmer : stroke :: _____

diver : suit pool : swim mover : lift water : wet
2. doorman : open :: _____

porter : carry door : revolve customer : close electrician : electricity
3. volunteer : help :: _____

assist : aid walker : stride rancher : cattle guest : visitor
4. skater : glide :: _____

ice : cold cobbler : shoes novice : beginner spelunker : explore
5. cook : fry :: _____

pot : pan plumber : wrench newscaster : inform employer : employee
6. tourist : sightsee :: _____

jockey : race lumberjack : forest calendar : date people : city
7. diner : eat :: _____

sweet : sour general : order director : movie bus : driver
8. farmer : sow :: _____

mayor : politician plow : tractor jeweler : gem meteorologist : predict
THINK!
35
Read the first set of the analogy. Write the phrase from the box that tells how the words are related.
Relationships: Synonyms Antonyms Homophones

Example and Class Object /Function Doer/Action
1. decipher : decode :: evade : _____ Relationship: ___________________

read capture confuse escape
2. whiner : complain :: consume : _____ Relationship: ___________________

praise purchase buyer consummate
3. delegates : convene :: voters : _____ Relationship: ___________________

law citizens register booth
4. paucity : affluence :: incessant : _____ Relationship: ___________________

intermittent few instant poor
5. chipmunk : rodent :: nimbus : _____ Relationship: ___________________

squirrel nimble cloud cumulus
6. vain : vein :: there : _____ Relationship: ___________________

proud artery here they’re
7. bandage : protect :: fence : _____ Relationship: ___________________

wall wood injury enclose
8. eradicate : exterminate :: celestial : _____ Relationship: ___________________

heavenly ceiling erase cellar
THINK!
Tell a partner why it’s important to recognize how
36
Location Name ________________
Reviewing Location
People, animals, and things are often associated with places. Write two
examples from the box under each location below.
cow mailbox student goldfish pilot pedestrian

seaweed patient pig vendor nurse director
flour dancer principal baker passenger bleacher
1. Farm
2. Hospital
3. Ballpark
4. Theater
5. School
6. Sidewalk
7. Airplane
8. Aquarium
9. Bakery
THINK!
Think of something else that could
go in each location.
37
Location Sets
The locations associated with people, animals, or things are sometimes found in analogies. When
the words in the first set of an analogy name a location and a person, animal, or thing associated
with it, the words in the second set of the analogy must have this relationship too. Complete each
analogy sentence with the location of the third underlined word.
Tip
Shower is to bathroom as oven is to kitchen.
Say to yourself: A shower is found in a bathroom and an oven is found in a kitchen.
1. Toothpaste is to pharmacy as money is to _____.

dollars drugstore teeth bank
2. Grape is to vine as banana is to _____.

stem tree bush monkey
3. Soldier is to barracks as student is to _____.

camp dormitory army homework
4. Caboose is to track as automobile is to _____.

train highway car engine
5. Hiker is to path as runner is to _____.

mountain racer tent track
6. Milk is to carton as jelly is to _____.

jar jam bottle sweet
7. Swing is to playground as book is to _____.

seesaw magazine library reader
8. Actress is to stage as swimmer is to _____.

theater diver pool sand
THINK!
38
Location Analogies
Tip
worker : factory :: baker : bakery
Say to yourself: A factory is a common location for a worker,
and a bakery is a common location for a baker.
1. duck : pond :: bee : _____

quack hive honey lake
2. chicken : coop :: pig : _____

sty nest hog stable
3. orchestra : auditorium :: circus : _____

tightrope school tent course
4. coal : mine :: water : _____

drink field garden reservoir
5. skater : rink :: chef : _____

sink restaurant stadium drugstore
6. pen : desk : painting : _____

drawer watercolor library gallery
7. Andes : Peru :: Alps : _____

Brazil America England Switzerland
8. lupine : garden :: couch : _____

yard living room sofa dining room
THINK!
39
Location Pairs
Tip
horse : ranch :: bird : nest
Say to yourself: A common location for a horse is a ranch,
and a common location for a bird is a nest.
1. jet : hangar :: _____

wing : tail plane : nose ship : dock airport: runway
2. clothes : closet :: _____

shoes : boots umbrella : stand dresser : drawer hat : floor
3. astronaut : space :: _____

waiter : chef Earth : Mars pilot : gravity archeologist : ruins
4. lifeguard : beach :: _____

rancher : range cowboy : farm rescue : save buoy : raft
5. cardinal : cathedral :: _____

church : temple leader : follower rabbi : synagogue nave : pew
6. parrot : cage :: _____

goldfish : bowl goat : cow dog : bone robin : worm
7. ranger : park :: _____

director : set visitor : camper historian : book cashier : computer
8. artist : studio :: _____

picture : painting skier : ski brush : paint botanist : greenhouse
THINK!
40
Read the first set of the analogy. Write the phrase from the box that tells how the words are related.
Relationship: Synonyms Antonyms Homophones Location

Example and Class Object /Function Doer/Action
1. referee : signal :: sponsor : _____ Relationship: ___________________

competition result support whistle
2. journalist : pressroom :: bellhop : _____ Relationship: ___________________

hotel restaurant publisher camp
3. copper : metal :: oyster : _____ Relationship: ___________________

zinc tin clam shellfish
4. secret : covert :: saturated : _____ Relationship: ___________________

open drenched arid mystery
5. crucial : unimportant :: hackneyed : _____ Relationship: ___________________

original overused skilled meaningful
6. bouillon : bullion :: rude : _____ Relationship: ___________________

soup gold impolite rued
7. bell : ring :: ledger : _____ Relationship: ___________________

cliff accountant record book
8. surplus : excess :: acute : _____ Relationship: ___________________

sharp dull loss lovely
THINK!
Tell a partner why it’s important to recognize how
41
Skillbuilder Name ________________
Test Prep 1
Choose the best word to complete each analogy.
1. zealous : eager :: consensus : _____

argument agreement contentment disinterested
2. Jerusalem : Israel :: Prague : _____

Poland Yemen Czech Republic Hungary
3. oven : roast :: billboard : _____

bake sign roadside advertise
4. paternal : maternal :: stale : _____

motherly moldy unwrapped fresh
5. welder : join :: gymnast : _____

metal balance gymnasium toss
6. tear : tier :: shoot : _____

chute gun cry shot
7. rug : floor :: corn : _____

vegetable carpet silo harvest
8. mackerel : fish :: dachshund : _____

cod earthworm dog scorpion
9. wolf : howl :: beaver : _____

fur build water mammal
10. hasten : hurry :: foundation : _____

house rush top base
42
Test Prep 2
1. antenna : roof :: elevator : _____

stairs crane skyscraper ascend
2. tranquil : troubled :: relinquish : _____

surrender keep peaceful religious
3. seem : seam :: sheik : _____

chic shriek seemly desert
4. shovel : scoop :: reaper : _____

sweeper dig plant harvest
5. lucid : clear :: foyer : _____

hotel dull lobby forward
6. wheel : rotate :: glue : _____

paper glum staple adhere
7. drum : percussion :: sedan : _____

automobile noise home sedentary
8. malice : charity :: safe : _____

foreseen bank reliable precarious
9. obsolete : outdated :: laughable : _____

ludicrous modern serious questionable
10. Sicily : Italy :: Crete : _____

Rome Greece island Lisbon
43
Test Prep 3
1. towel : dry :: brake : _____

wash break stop pull
2. ballad : song :: sonnet : _____

cheer poem haiku scene
3. apparel : clothing :: warning : _____

whisper ending cape premonition
4. letter : communicate :: necklace : _____

bracelet message adorn neckwear
5. sociable : antagonistic :: dormant : _____

doorway active charming sleepy
6. knew : new :: ruff : _____

rough old uneven puff
7. explorer : search :: exterminator : _____

external eliminate locate collect
8. pilot : cockpit :: captain : _____

engine uniform anchor bridge
9. shorten : prolong :: contemptuous : _____

precious lengthen respectful disdainful
10. moon : sky :: coral : _____

pink ocean cloud forest
44
Test Prep 4
1. fusion : uniting :: fission : _____

fizzy splitting fuse atom
2. steadfast : disloyal :: blatant : _____

subdued blaring blame exotic
3. foghorn : warn :: pin : _____

fire pretty puncture point
4. garret : attic :: porch : _____

roof screen house veranda
5. teacher : faculty :: asparagus : _____

instructor green vegetable fruit
6. breaker : shore :: pillow : _____

cushion fluffy ocean bed
7. florist : arrange :: driver : _____

flower steer vehicle traffic
8. Norway : Scandinavia :: Spain : _____

Spanish Sweden Portugal Mediterranean
9. some : sum :: sealing : _____

addition opening ceiling selling
10. fisherman : cast :: boxer : _____

catch jab package argue
45
Test Prep 5
1. groan : grown :: wait : _____

hurry grew dawdle weight
2. aversion : dislike :: pretend : _____

feign inspire appreciate believe
3. weakness : stamina :: succumb : _____

strength overcome yield swell
4. Thanksgiving : holiday :: Thursday : _____

calendar Wednesday weekend weekday
5. pitcher : pour :: calculator : _____

math multiply amount calcium
6. globe : locate :: label : _____

identify map adle find
7. hurdler : jump :: model : _____

leap attractive pose magazine
8. synthetic : natural :: demure : _____

false immodest spoiled fabric
9. andiron : fireplace :: bucket : _____

pail mantel water well
10. topaz : gem :: tam : _____

ruby belt hat glove
46
Test Prep 6
1. stallion : stable :: salmon : _____

mare barn stream pool
2. morose : gloomy :: vouch : _____

unhappy scratch disregard verify
3. plum : plumb :: freeze : _____

fruit wrench cold frieze
4. shepherd : tend :: busboy : _____

sheep bus clear order
5. paper clip : attach :: crayon : _____

wax paint color chalk
6. benign : malignant :: ruthless : _____

merciful difficult ready illegal
7. pliers : toolbox :: wallet : _____

hammer money suitcase pocketbook
8. cilantro : herb :: oats : _____

grain wheat wood salad
9. corrupt : upstanding :: bliss : _____

bless genteel vicious sorrow
10. seas : seize :: wry : _____

ocean rye why grab
47
Answers
page 8 1. rambled 2. scarce 3. thunderous page 33 1. B, 2. D, 3. A, 4. B, 5. D, 6. C, 7. A, 8. B
4. peculiar 5. dilapidated 6. abandon page 34 1. D, 2. C, 3. B, 4. D, 5. C, 6. B, 7. A, 8. C
7. reluctantly 8. bounding page 35 1. C, 2. A, 3. B, 4. D, 5. C, 6. A, 7. B, 8. D
page 9 1. B, 2. C, 3. B, 4. D, 5. A, 6. B, 7. D, 8. C page 36 1. synonyms; D 2. doer/action; B
page 10 1. A, 2. C, 3. D, 4. B, 5. C, 6. A, 7. C, 8. B 3. doer/action; C 4. antonyms; A
page 11 1. B, 2. B, 3. C, 4. A, 5. D, 6. B, 7. A, 8. C 5. example and class; C 6. homophones; D
page 12 1. clear 2. irrigated 3. increased 4. contentment 7. object/function; D 8. synonyms; A
5. excited 6. gorgeous 7. capture 8. located page 37 1. cow; pig 2. patient; nurse 3. vendor; bleacher
page 13 1. B, 2. A, 3. D, 4. C, 5. A, 6. B, 7. A, 8. D 4. dancer; director 5. student; principal
page 14 1. C, 2. B, 3. B, 4. D, 5. C, 6. D, 7. D, 8. C 6. mailbox; pedestrian 7. pilot; passenger
page 15 1. A, 2. B, 3. D, 4. C, 5. C, 6. A, 7. B, 8. D 8. goldfish; seaweed 9. flour; baker
page 16 1. antonyms; C 2. synonyms; D 3. antonyms; B page 38 1. D, 2. B, 3. B, 4. B, 5. D, 6. A, 7. C, 8. C
4. synonyms; D 5. synonyms; B 6. antonyms; A page 39 1. B, 2. A, 3. C, 4. D, 5. B, 6. D, 7. D, 8. B
7. antonyms; B 8. synonyms; C page 40 1. C, 2. B, 3. D, 4. A, 5. C, 6. A, 7. A, 8. D
page 17 1. strait 2. pier 3. mast 4. cruise 5. trussed page 41 1. doer/action; C 2. location; A

6.stationary 7. borough 8. cash 3. example and class; D 4. synonyms; B
page 18 1. B, 2 .C, 3. A, 4. D, 5 .C, 6. B, 7. D, 8. C 5. antonyms; A 6. homophones; D
page 19 1. C, 2. A, 3. B, 4. B, 5. C, 6. C, 7. B, 8. D 7. object/function; C 8. synonyms; A
page 20 1. A, 2. B, 3. D, 4. B, 5. C, 6. C, 7. A, 8. D page 42 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10.D
page 21 1. homophones D 2. antonyms; D 3. antonyms; page 43 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. B
B 4. synonyms; D 5. synonyms; A 6. homo- page 44 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. B
phones; D 7. homophones; B 8. synonyms; D page 45 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. B
page 22 1. dictatorship; democracy 2. flannel; corduroy page 46 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. C
3. computer; lathe 4. spinach; eggplant page 47 1. C 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. D 10. B
5. century; decade 6. trapezoid; radius
7. fable; sonnet 8. landscape; portrait
9. latitude; isthmus
page 23 1. C, 2. A, 3. B, 4. D, 5. B, 6. D, 7. C, 8. A
page 24 1. C, 2. A, 3. B, 4. D, 5. B, 6. A, 7. D, 8. C
page 25 1. B, 2. A, 3. C, 4. D, 5. B, 6. A, 7. D, 8. B
page 26 1. homophones; C 2. synonyms; B
3. example and class; D 4. antonyms; C
5. antonyms; A 6. synonyms; A
7. example and class; D 8. synonyms; B
page 27 1. knife; scissors 2. shovel; spade
3. door; window 4. harp; saxophone
5. inline skates; wagon 6. oven; furnace
7. helicopter; jet 8. elevator; forklift
9. broom; mop
page 28 1. D, 2. A, 3. C, 4. A, 5. D, 6. B, 7. C, 8. B
page 29 1. A, 2. D, 3. C, 4. B, 5. C, 6. A, 7. B, 8. C
page 30 1. B, 2. D, 3. C, 4. B, 5. C, 6. D, 7. B, 8. A
page 31 1. object/function; D 2. antonyms; B
3. example and class; C 4. homophones; B
5. object/function; D 6. synonyms; A
7. object/function; B 8.example and class; D
page 32 1. drills; fills 2. paints; sketches 3. hammers;
builds 4. mends; sews 5. cooks; bakes 6. trains;
competes 7. rescues; observes 8. entertains;
amuses 9. combs; shampoos
48

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Analogies

New York • Toronto • London • Auckland • Sydney

Cover design by Andrew Jenkins and Kelli Thompson

Copyright © 2002 by Linda Ward Beech. All rights reserved.

Antonyms Reviewing Doer/Action 32

opposite of bend. Straighten? This seems like Think Aloud

Suggest that students predict what the answer Teacher Tip

to find a class for diphtheria. Comma? No, a

what I expected, but it still makes sense.

Page 39 Read the tip and review the meaning

Location (pages 37–41) Teacher Tip

reluctantly bounding dilapidated thunderous

3. Suddenly, there was a loud sound up ahead.

4. It gave Andrea a strange feeling.

5. Did it come from that rundown hut?

6. Perhaps she should stop her search and return home.

7. Somewhat unwillingly Andrea retraced her steps toward home.

8. As she neared home, her dog came running toward her.

1. Smirk is to smile as cautious is to _____.

2. Defeat is to conquer as legal is to _____.

3. Pact is to agreement as trash is to _____.

4. Grotto is to cave as lazy is to _____.

5. Rival is to competitor as dusk is to _____.

6. Annoy is to irritate as discuss is to _____.

7. Tepid is to lukewarm as polite is to _____.

8. Flawed is to imperfect as secure is to _____.

1. stroll : saunter :: compel : _____

2. unruly : wild :: extravagant : _____

3. decline : deteriorate :: surround : _____

4. strict : rigid :: ugly : _____

5. thin : slender :: severe : _____

6. slither : slide :: scrawl : _____

7. red : crimson :: azure : _____

8. mature : ripe :: precarious : _____

1. rogue : scoundrel :: _____

2. habit : custom :: _____

3. mingle : blend :: _____

4. token : omen :: _____

5. savage : ferocious :: _____

6. donation : contribution :: _____

7. worship : idolize :: _____

8. gloat : boast :: _____

located gorgeous irrigated increased

1. From her window Sam had a vague view to the west.

2. She looked out over the parched field.

3. Had the number of wildflowers diminished in the past month?

4. The thought filled her with a feeling of despair.

5. It was hard not to feel indifferent about this field.

6. The flowers made such a dull sight.

7. Sam wanted to release the scene before her.

8. She misplaced her camera and went outside.

1. Influential is to powerless as bend is to _____.

2. Conclude is to launch as compress is to _____.

3. Proud is to humble as shipshape is to _____.

4. Vast is to tiny as harsh is to _____.

5. Suppress is to advertise as concrete is to _____.

6. Lush is to barren as repel is to _____.

7. Grieve is to rejoice as uphold is to _____.

8. Destroy is to create as wander is to _____.

1. withdraw : present :: firm : _____

2. scream : whisper :: synonym : _____

3. scarce : abundant :: torrent : _____

4. fatigue : vigor :: integrity : _____

1. life : death :: likely : _ Relationship: _______________

2. valiant : brave :: messy : _ Relationship: _______________

3. permanent : movable :: dogged : _ Relationship: _______________

4. effort : exertion :: semaphore : _ Relationship: _______________

5. verdant : green :: navy : _ Relationship: _______________

6. decorous : rude :: joyful : _ Relationship: _______________

7. complex : simple :: incompetent : _ Relationship: _______________

8. leisurely : relaxed :: dainty : _ Relationship: _______________

1. role : roll :: scull : _ Relationship: _______________

2. input : output :: liberal : _ Relationship: _______________

3. rural : urban :: infrequent : _ Relationship: _______________

4. generous : unselfish :: difficult : _ Relationship: _______________

5. fidelity : faithfulness :: clamor : _ Relationship: _______________

6. mall : maul :: raze : _ Relationship: _______________

7. wood : would :: eye : _ Relationship: _______________

8. conquer : overcome :: vagrant : _ Relationship: ________________