Fluid mechanics 1 Assignment 2

Question 1
I. A velocity field is given by: V  6 x ˆj m/s Velocity fields are plotted
below, where the arrows indicate the magnitude and direction of the velocity
vectors. The picture that best describes the field is:

y y y y

0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
x x x x
A B C D

II. Consider the path that a football thrown by Brett Favre. Suppose that you are
interested in the knowing how far the ball goes. Then you are interested in
the:

A. LaGrangian or particle view of the football

B. Eulerian view of the field
C. Neither LaGrangian nor Eulerian

III. The Reynold’s Transport Theorem is written as:

dN    
In words, this equation reads:    dV  V dA
dt  System t CV CS

A. The rate of change of the amount of mass in the control volume is balanced
by the net rate at which mass is flowing through the control surface
B. The rate of change of any arbitrary extensive property of the system is equal
to the time rate of change of the arbitrary extensive property N within the
control volume plus the net rate of flux of N through the control surface
C. The rate of change of N is balanced by the velocity flux and the rate of change
of the control volume.

IV. An incompressible fluid flows steadily through the bend in the channel shown
below. As a result of the bend, the velocity profile changes from the uniform
profile shown at location A to a profile at location B that is linear with a
maximum velocity of VB. The relation between the velocity VA and VB is
Location B
A. The velocity VA at location A equals VB/2
B. The velocity VA at location A equals 2 VB Maximum velocity = VB

C. The velocity VA at location A equals 1.5 VB Location A

D. The velocity VA at location A equals VB

Velocity = VA
V. Air flows through a doorway at an angle as shown below. The correct
expression for the mass flow rate of the air through the doorway is

A m  A V
Doorway area = A
B m  A Vsin   
C m  A Vcos   
D m  A V tan    

E m  A Vcot    Velocity = V

VI. Water flows without friction through a horizontal circular pipe that has area
changes. The curve that best describes the static pressure distribution for the
pipe.
Flow

A
B

Pressure
p C

D
E

VII. A short pipe with a nozzle at an angle from the vertical is attached to the tank
of water as shown below. The flow is frictionless. The figure that best
describes the flow of the jet from the nozzle is

C
A B

VIII. Pitot tubes are placed in two ducts in which air is flowing and the static
pressures of the flows are equal. The stagnation pressure tap and the static
pressure tap are connected to manometers as shown. The manometer
reading for duct A is height h and that for Duct B is 2 h. The relation between
the velocity VA in duct A and the velocity VB in duct B is
A. VB equals 4 VA Duct A Duct B
VA VB
B. VB equals 2 VA
C. VB equals 2 VA
D. VB equals VA h
2h
E. VB equals VA /2
IX. Two fluid jets are pointed at surfaces as shown in the figures below. The fluids
are incompressible, and the effects of gravity can be neglected. The mass flow
rate and the velocity of the jets are identical. The cross section area of the jets
does not change significantly as the fluid flows. The correct statement regarding
the horizontal forces are

A. F1 equals 2 F2 Surface

B. F1 is greater than 0 and F2 equals 0 Nozzle Fluid stream F1

C. F1 equals F2/2
Surface
D. F1 equals 0 and F2 is greater than 0
Nozzle Fluid stream F2
E. F1 equals F2

X. A jet of water leaves the nozzle at the end of a hose as shown below. The area
and absolute pressure inside the hose are A1 and p1 and the area and absolute
pressure of the jet leaving the nozzle are A2 and p2. The absolute air pressure is
patm. A control volume for the nozzle is shown with dotted lines.The correct
statement for the net forces exerted by the pressure on the control volume is:

A. p1 A1  p2 A2 patm
Control volume
p1  A1  A2 
B.
C. p1 A1  p2 A2  patm A1 p1
p2

p1 A1  p2 A2  patm  A1  A2 
A1 A2

D.
p1 A1  p2  A1  A2 
E.

XI. Fluid flows steadily through the control volume (shown with dotted lines) shown
below. The flow rate is m , the velocities are in the direction shown, and force is
positive in the clockwise direction.

The force on the fluid in the control volume is

Fx  mVo cos   mVi cos  m Control volume m

A
 
B Fx  mVi cos   mVo cos  Vi
Vo

C Fx  m Vi  m Vo Force on fluid

Fx  mVo  m Vi
Fx
D
x
Question 2
The pipe shown has a 180° horizontal bend in it as shown, and D is 20 cm. The
discharge of water (ρ = 1000 kg/m3)in the pipe and bend is 0.30 m3/s, and the
pressure in the pipe and bend is 100 kPa gage. If the bend volume is 0.10 m3 and
the bend itself weighs 500 N, what force must be applied at the flanges to hold the
bend in place?