Laboratory work # 1(14)

CALCULATION OF LEVER SYSTEM LOADING

At tests, the distributed load is put to a structure. This load is put on five equal
sites on tail unit for example. You should compute size of load on each site, a point of
the application of resultant force on each site (i.e. the center of pressure for strap on a
structure), and then all these loads to unit by lever system. The system redistributes
force Р = 10кN on 5 forces which distributed under the specified law. In this
laboratory work you have to make the engineer work – to design lever system with all
dimensions and forces. Upon your sketch workers must mount this lever system.

Р=10 кN

q
q

l, m

Sequence of calculation

1. You must to calculate value q.

q   q 2P
l  P; q
2   l
2. You must to divide a structure into 5 equal parts with length c  l 5 .

site’s numbers

5
1 3 4
1 2

q0 q1 q2 q3 q4 q5
border’s numbers

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 3. You must to calculate running distributed load qi on borders of sites:
q0    q , q 5    q
q 5  q0
q i  q0   i,
5
where i=1,2,3,4.
4. You must to calculate value of load Pi on each site
1
Pi  q i 1  q i   c ,
2
where i=1,2,3,4 – is number of site.
5. You must to calculate the center of pressure xcpi on each site
c 2qi  qi  1 
xcpi  
3 q i  qi  1

Pi qi
q i-1
i

x cp.i
с

6. You must make the sketch of lever system. Levers are connected by cables
better so: from more strength side to unit one lever by 2 cables, from more weakness
side to unit among themselves 3 sites by 3cables and 2 levers (in 2 levels).
7. You must to calculate length of levers the first level l1 and l2.
8. Next you must to calculate positions of resultant force on the first level levers.
P6  P1  P2 ; x cp 6  P2  l1 P6 ;
x cp 7  P5  l 2 P7 ; P7  P4  P5 , P8  P6  P3 .
9. You must to calculate length of the second level lever
l 3  2c  xcp .3  xcp .1  xcp6

2
 P8 хcp.9 Pr=P9

P6 хcp.8 P7
l4
хcp.6 хcp7
l3 P3
P1 P2 P4 l2 P5
l1

хcp1 хcp.2 хcp3 хcp.4 хcp5

c c c c c

P6 P7
xcp.6 xcp.7

l1 l2

P1 P2 P4 P5

10. Next you must to calculate position resultant force on the second level lever.
xcp8  P3  l 3 P8
P8
xcp.8

l3

P1+Р2 P3

11. You must to calculate length of the third level lever l4

l 4  4 c  xcp .5  xcp1  xcp6  xcp .8  l 2  xcp .7  
12. Next you must to calculate position resultant force on the third level lever.
Xcp.9 P9

l4 5
P9   Pi ,
i 1
P8 P7
x cp 9  P7  l 4 P9
13. Next you must to calculate position resultant force xccp on lever system from

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begin of the structure.
xccp  xcp1  xcp .6  xcp8  xcp9
14. Next you must to calculate theoretical position of resultant force xtcp, as center
of gravity for a trapeze.

хtcp . 

l 2 q5  q0 
3q5  q0 
15. You must to calculate an error of calculation for lever system on position of
the pressure center:
хtcp  хccp .
δcp .   100 %
l
The value of an error should be  1% .
16. You must to calculate an error of calculation for lever system on value of load:
Р 9  10 kN
δl   100 %
10 kN
The value of an error should be  1% .
17. Last you must to compose the scheme of lever system with the indication of
all dimensions in mm and sizes of forces in Newton.

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 Variants of task

# variants  β # variants  β
l=1m l=1.5m
1 1 2 21 3 8
2 1 3 22 5 8
3 1 4 23 7 8
4 2 3 24 2 9
5 2 5 25 4 9
6 3 4 26 5 9
7 3 5 27 7 9
8 3 7 28 3 10
9 4 7 29 7 10
10 3 2 30 9 10
11 5 2 31 11 2
12 5 3 32 11 3
13 5 4 33 11 4
14 1 5 34 11 5
15 5 6 35 11 6
16 5 7 36 11 7
17 7 3 37 11 8
18 6 7 38 11 9
19 6 5 39 11 10
20 7 4 40 5 12