BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

CHAPTER 19 CELLULAR TELEPHONE CONCEPTS

# DEFINITION TERMS

The term for mobile telephone services which Mobile Telephone

1) began in 1940s and are sometimes called Manual Manual System (MTSs)
telephone systems.

2) The frequency used by MTSs. 35 MHz-45MHz

Switch that was used by MTS to activate the

3) Push-to-Talk (PTT)
transceiver.

It was introduced in 1964 which used several carrier

Improved Mobile
frequencies and could, therefore, handle several
4) Telephone System
simultaneous mobile conversations at the same
(IMTS)
time.

The term suggested any radio transmitter, receiver,

5) or transceiver that could be moved while Mobile
operation.

The term that described a relatively small radio unit

Portable
6) that was handled, battery powered, and easily
carried by a person moving at walking speed.

It is similar to two-way mobile radio in that most

7) communications occurs between base stations Cellular Telephone
and mobile units.

It operates on half duplex and use PTT transceivers.

examples of two-way radio:
8)  Citizens Band (CB) Two-Way Radio
 Public land mobile radio

A one to one system that permits two-way

9) simultaneous transmissions and operates the same Mobile Telephone
way as the standard wire line telephone service.
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Hinted of a cellular telephone scheme that

10)
he referred to as simply a small-zone radio telephone E.K. Jett
system in the July 28, 1945.

On June 17, 1946, they introduced the first American

AT&T and Southwestern
11) commercial mobile radio-telephone service to
Bell
private customers.

A radio telephone service introduced by AT&T in

12) Highway Service.
1947.

Unveiled the most famous mobile telephone to date:

13) the fully mobile shoe phone in 1966 in a television Don Adams
show called Get Smart.

The year when FCC granted AT&T the first license to

14) operate a developmental cellular telephone service 1975
in Chicago.

A satellite-based wireless personal communications

15) Iridium
satellite (PCSS)

16) Another term for cellular telephone. Cellular Radio

17) A large geographic market area. Coverage zone

It is employed to increase the capacity of a mobile

18) Frequency Reuse
telephone channel.

The shape that was used because it provides the

most effective transmission by approximating a
19) circular pattern while eliminating the gaps present Honeycomb
between adjacent circles.

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20 Large cells that typically has 1 mile and 15 miles Macrocells

radius with base station transmit power 1W and 6 W.
The smallest cells that typically has radius of 1500 feet
or less with base station transmit powers between 0.1 Microcells
21
W and 1 W.

The process in which the same set of frequencies can

be allocated to more than one one cell, provided
the cells are separa Frequency Reuse
22)
ted by sufficient distance.

23) A geographic cellular radio coverage area

cluster
containing three groups of cells.

24) Typically equal to 3,7, or 12. Cluster size

The process of finding the tier with the nearest

25) First Tier
co-channel cells

26) Two cells using the same set of frequencies. Co-channel cells

The interference between the co-channels cells.

Adding radio channels to a system:

 Decreasing the transmit power per cell
27) Co-channel Interference
 making cells smaller
 filling vacated coverage areas with
new cells

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The ratio of the cell radius

28) The ratio of the cell radius and distance from the
and distance from the
nearest co-channel cell
nearest co-channel cell

Channel next to one another in the frequency

29) Adjacent Channel
domain.

It results from imperfect filters in receivers that allow Adjacent-Channel

30)
nearby frequencies to enter the receiver. Interference

Most prevalent when a mobile unit is receiving a

31) Near-Far Effect
weak signal from the base station.

The area of a cell, or independent component

coverage areas of cellular system is further Cell Spliting
32)
subdivided thus creating
more areas.

Occurs when number of the number of subscriber

33) wishing to place a call at any given time equals the Maximum Traffic Load
number of channels in the cell.

A condition occurs when a new call is initiated in an

34) Blocking
area where all the channels are in use.

Smaller areas when a single omnidirectional antenna

35) is replaced by several directional antennas, each Sectors
radiating within smaller area.

36) Using directional antennas. Sectoring

37) Placing two receive antennas one above the other. Space Diversity

A means of avoiding full-cell splitting where the entire

38) area would otherwise need to be segmented into Dualization
smaller cells.

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A means of avoiding co-channel interference,

although it lowers the capacity of a cell by enabling Segmentation
39)
reuse inside the reuse distance which is normally
prohibited.

The locations of radio-frequency transceivers.

40) It serves are central control for all users within Base Stations
that cell.

41) It handles all cell-site control and switching functions. Cell-Site Controller

Occurs when a mobile unit moves from one cell to

42) Roaming
another company’s service.

It controls channel assignment, call processing, call

setup and call termination.
Different Names:
 Electric Mobile Exchange (EMX)- Bell
Mobile Telephone
Lab.
43) Switching Office (MTSO)
 AEX- Ericcson
 NEAX-NEC
 Switching Mobile Center (SMC)
 Master Mobile Center (MMC)-Novatel
 Mobile Switching Center- PCS netwroks

The transfer of a mobile unit from one base station’s

control to another base station’s control.

Four stages:
44) Handoff (Handover)
 Initiation
 Resource reservation
 execution
 completion

A connection that is momentarily broken during the

45) Hard Handoff
cell-to-cell transfer. It is a break before-make process.

A flawless hand off with no perceivable interruption

46) Soft Handoff
ofservice.

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It is used by computers that is based on variations in

47) Handoff Decision
signal strength and signal quality.

Either the mobile unit or the network determines the

48) need for a handoff and initiates the necessary Initiation
network procedures.

Appropriate network procedures reserve the

49) Resources Reservation
resources needed to support the handoff.

The actual transfer of control from one base station

50) Execution
to another base station takes place.

Execution Unnecessary network resources are Completion

51)
relinquish and made available to other mobile units.

Roaming from one company’s calling area into

52) Interoperator Roaming
another company’s calling area.

Stands for Electronics Industries

53) Association/Telecommunications Industry Association, EIA/TIA
developed the IS-41 Protocol.

It aligns with a subprotocol of the SS7 protocol stack

that facilitates communications among database
54) other network entities. IS-41

Stands for Cellular Telecommunication Industry

CITA
55) Association.

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The process where a mobile unit notifies a serving

MTSO of its presence and location through a base
station controller.

Components of Cellular Telephone System:

Autonomous Registration
56)  Electronic switching center
 a Cell-site controller
 radio transceiver
 system interconnections
 mobile telephone units
 common communications protocol

A digital telephone exchange located in the MTSO Electronic Switching

57)
that is the heart of a cellular telephone system. Center

X.25
58) A datalink protocol at a transmission rate of 9.6 kbps.

Another name for cell-site controller. Base Station Controller

59)

It manages each of the radio channels at each site

supervises calls, turns the radio transmitter and Cell-site Controller
60)
eceiver on and off, injects data onto the control and
voice channels, and performs diagnostic tests in the
cell-site equipment.

61) Stands for Base transceiver station. BTS

A part of base station subsystem that can be either

62) narrowband FM analog system or either PSK or QAM Radio Transceiver
fro digital systems with effective audio frequency.

63) The radio receiver that detects the strongest signal. Receiver Diversity

It governs the way telephone calls are established

and disconnected.
Examples of Protocol:
64) Communications Protocol
 IS-54
 IS-136.2
 IS-95

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The actual voice channel where mobile users

communicate directly with either mobile and wireline
65) User Channel
subscribers through a base station.

It is used for transferring control and diagnostic

nformation between mobile users and a central
cellular telephone switch through a base station.

Transmit on base station:

 forward control channel
 forward voice channel

66) Receive on base stations: Control Channel

 reverse control channel

 reverse voice channel

types of calls:
 Mobile to wireline
 mobile to mobile
 wireline to mobile

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