1

Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

STRUCTURE DESIGN OF MARRIAGE GARDEN AT KANERA SAGAR

Problem Statement: A three storey building for a commercial complex has plan dimensions
as shown in Figure. The building is located in seismic zone III on a site with medium soil of
bearing capacity (S.B.C.) = 200 kN/m2. At 2.5 meter
Design the building for seismic loads as per IS 1893 (Part 1): 2002.
IS 875 (Part 1 - 3): 1987 – Code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake) for
buildings and structures (second revision) Part 1: Dead loads, Part 2: Imposed (live) loads
Part 3: Wind loads.
SP 16: 1980 – Design Aids (for Reinforced Concrete) to IS 456: 2000.
Method of Design = Working Stress Method (W.S.M.)
Design Data:
Conrete M 30 unit weight 25 kN/m3
σcc 8.0 N/mm2 m 9.33
σcbc 10.0 N/mm2
kc 0.253 jc 0.915 Rc 1.16
Steel TMT fy 500 Tensile stress 275 N/mm2

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Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

Design of Slab (S-1) Two-Way with corner held down

Total size of slab is 9.9 M X 7.6 M
Let divide the slab in to two parts of size 4.95 M X 7.6 M by providing an intermediate beam
for span to depth ration criteria as per IS 456-2000
Actual size of the slab = 5.0 M X 7.6 M
Super Imposed Load = 4000 N/m2 including surface finishing.
Let total depth of slab = 130 mm
Self-load due to slab = 0.13 X 1 X 1 X 25000 = 3250 N/m2
Total Load = 7250 N/m2
Let effective depth = 110 mm
ly = 7.6 + 0.11 = 7.71 m, lx = 5.0 + 0.11 = 5.11 m
r = ly / lx = 1.50 < 2.0 (Two Way Slab)
άx = 0.089 άy = 0.056
Moment at short span Mx = 16.84 X 106 N-mm
Moment at Long Span My = 10.60 X 106 N-mm
Design of Section for Short Span
deff. = (16.84 X 106/1000 X 1.16)0.5 = 120 mm
Hence provide total thickness D = 130 mm
Using 10 mm Ф Bars & Nominal Cover of 10 mm
Allowable effective depth = 120 mm for short span
And effective depth = 112 mm for long span
For short span width of middle strip = ¾ ly = 5.8 m
Width of edge strip = 0.95 m
(Ast)x = 726 mm2
Using 10 mm Ф bars Spacing Sv = 108 mm c/c.
Providing 10 mm Ф bars @ 108 mm c/c for middle strip of width 5.8 m.
Near the support bend half the bar at a distance of 0.15 lx = 750mm from centre of support.
Design of Section for Long Span
(Ast)y = 492 mm2
Providing 8 mm Ф bars @ 100 mm c/c in the middle strip of width = ¾ lx = 3.84 m
Near the support bend half the bar at a distance of 0.15 ly = 1.16 m from centre of support.
Check for Shear & Development Length in Short Span
S.F. at Long Edge = wlxr/2+r = 16457.14 N/m

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Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

Nominal Shear Stress at long edges = 16457.14/1000x120 = 0.137 N/mm2

(Safe)
At the long edge, the diameter of the bar must follow the requirements
1.3 M1/V + L0 ≥ Ld
Ast at support = 1000 x 50.27/216 = 232.4 mm2
M1 = 5.58 X 106 N-mm
V = 16193 N
Assume Support Width = 170 mm with cover of 20 mm
L0 = 65 mm
Hence = 513 mm > 450 mm (O.K), code requirement is satisfied.
Check for Shear & Development Length in Long Span
S.F. at Short Edge = 1/3 wlx = 12800 N/m
Nominal Shear Stress = 12800/1000 x 112 = 0.114 N/m2 (Safe)
Ast = 1000 x 50.27/200 = 251.35 mm2
M1 = 251.35 X 230 X 0.87 X 112 = 5.60 X 106 N-mm
V = 12800 N
L0 = ls/2-x’ = 80 mm
At the short edge, the diameter of the bar must follow the requirements
1.3 M1/V + L0 ≥ Ld
Hence = 649 mm > 450 mm (O.K), code requirement is satisfied.
Torsional Reinforcement at Corners
Size of torsional mesh = lx/5 = 1.0 Meter
Area of mesh reinforcement = ¾ (Ast)x= 544.4 mm2
Using 10 mm Ф bar @ 140 mm c/c in short direction an 8 mm Ф bar @ 140 mm c/c in long
direction. This reinforcement is to be provided at both face of slab at each corner.
The details of reinforcement are shown in drawings.

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Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

Design of Slab (S-2) Two-Way

Total size of slab is 9.9 M X 4.1 M
Let divide the slab in to two parts of size 5.0 M X 4.1 M by providing an intermediate beam for
span to depth ration criteria as per IS 456-2000
Actual size of the slab = 5.0 M X 4.1 M
Super Imposed Load = 4000 N/m2 including surface finishing.
Let total depth of slab = 120 mm
Self-load due to slab = 0.12 X 1 X 1 X 25000 = 3000 N/m2
Total Load = 7000 N/m2
Let effective depth = 100 mm
ly = 5.0 m, lx = 4.1 m
r = ly / lx = 1.20 < 2.0 (Two Way Slab)
r4 = 2.07
wB = 4719.9 N wL = 2280.0 N
Moment at short span MB = 9.9 X 106 N-mm
Moment at Long Span ML = 7.12 X 106 N-mm
Design of Section for Short Span
deff. = (9.9 X 106/1000 X 1.16)0.5 = 93 mm
Hence provide total thickness D = 120 mm
Using 10 mm Ф Bars & Nominal Cover of 10 mm
Allowable effective depth = 105 mm for short span
And effective depth = 97 mm for long span
(Ast)B = 310 mm2
Using 10 mm Ф bars Spacing Sv = 253 mm c/c.
Providing 10 mm Ф bars @ 200 mm c/c.
Near the support bend half the bar at a distance of 0.15 lx = 615 mm from centre of support.
Design of Section for Long Span
(Ast)y = 230 mm2
Providing 8 mm Ф bars @ 200 mm c/c.
Near the support bend half the bar at a distance of 0.15 ly = 750mm from centre of support.
Check for Shear & Development Length in Short Span
S.F. at Long Edge = wlxr/2+r = 16457.14 N/m
Nominal Shear Stress at long edges = 16457.14/1000x120 = 0.137 N/mm2

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Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

(Safe)
At the long edge, the diameter of the bar must follow the requirements
1.3 M1/V + L0 ≥ Ld
Ast at support = 1000 x 50.27/216 = 232.4 mm2
M1 = 5.58 X 106 N-mm
V = 16193 N
Assume Support Width = 170 mm with cover of 20 mm
L0 = 65 mm
Hence = 513 mm > 450 mm (O.K), code requirement is satisfied.
Check for Shear & Development Length in Long Span
S.F. at Short Edge = 1/3 wlx = 12800 N/m
Nominal Shear Stress = 12800/1000 x 112 = 0.114 N/m2 (Safe)
Ast = 1000 x 50.27/200 = 251.35 mm2
M1 = 251.35 X 230 X 0.87 X 112 = 5.60 X 106 N-mm
V = 12800 N
L0 = ls/2-x’ = 80 mm
At the short edge, the diameter of the bar must follow the requirements
1.3 M1/V + L0 ≥ Ld
Hence = 649 mm > 450 mm (O.K), code requirement is satisfied.
Torsional Reinforcement at Corners
Size of torsional mesh = lx/5 = 1.0 Meter
Area of mesh reinforcement = ¾ (Ast)x= 544.4 mm2
Using 10 mm Ф bar @ 140 mm c/c in short direction an 8 mm Ф bar @ 140 mm c/c in long
direction. This reinforcement is to be provided at both face of slab at each corner.
The details of reinforcement are shown in drawings.

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Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

Design of Slab (S-3) Two-Way with corner held down

Total size of slab is 7.8 M X 8.9 M
Let divide the slab in to two parts of size 5.0 M X 8.9 M by providing an intermediate beam for
span to depth ration criteria as per IS 456-2000
Actual size of the slab = 5.0 M X 8.9 M
Super Imposed Load = 4000 N/m2 including surface finishing.
Let total depth of slab = 130 mm
Self-load due to slab = 0.13 X 1 X 1 X 25000 = 3250 N/m2
Total Load = 7250 N/m2
Let effective depth = 110 mm
ly = 8.9 m, lx = 5.0 m
r = ly / lx = 1.78 < 2.0 (Two Way Slab)
άx = 0.100 άy = 0.056
Moment at short span Mx = 18.12X 106 N-mm
Moment at Long Span My = 10.15 X 106 N-mm
Design of Section for Short Span
deff. = (18.12 X 106/1000 X 1.16)0.5 = 125 mm
Hence provide total thickness D = 140 mm
Using 10 mm Ф Bars & Nominal Cover of 10 mm
Allowable effective depth = 125 mm for short span
And effective depth = 117 mm for long span
For short span width of middle strip = ¾ ly = 6.675 m
Width of edge strip = 1.11 m
(Ast)x = 577 mm2
Using 10 mm Ф bars Spacing Sv = 136 mm c/c.
Providing 10 mm Ф bars @ 120 mm c/c for middle strip of width 6.675 m.
Near the support bend half the bar at a distance of 0.15 lx = 750mm from centre of support.
Design of Section for Long Span
(Ast)y = 345 mm2
Providing 8 mm Ф bars @ 130 mm c/c in the middle strip of width = ¾ lx = 3.75 m
Near the support bend half the bar at a distance of 0.15 ly = 1.33 m from centre of support.

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Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

Check for Shear & Development Length in Short Span

S.F. at Long Edge = wlxr/2+r = 17070.10 N/m
Nominal Shear Stress at long edges = 17070.10/1000x125 = 0.136 N/mm2
(Safe)
At the long edge, the diameter of the bar must follow the requirements
1.3 M1/V + L0 ≥ Ld
Ast at support = 1000 x 50.27/260 = 193 mm2
M1 = 6.06 X 106 N-mm
V = 17070.10 N
Assume Support Width = 170 mm with cover of 20 mm
L0 = 65 mm
Hence = 526.5 mm > 360 mm (O.K), code requirement is satisfied.
Check for Shear & Development Length in Long Span
S.F. at Short Edge = 1/3 wlx = 12083.3 N/m
Nominal Shear Stress = 12800/1000 x 117 = 0.103 N/m2 (Safe)
Ast = 1000 x 50.27/200 = 209.45 mm2
M1 = 209.45 X 275 X 0.914 X 117 = 6.15 X 106 N-mm
V = 17017.10 N
L0 = ls/2-x’ = 80 mm
At the short edge, the diameter of the bar must follow the requirements
1.3 M1/V + L0 ≥ Ld
Hence = 550 mm > 450 mm (O.K), code requirement is satisfied.
Torsional Reinforcement at Corners
Size of torsional mesh = lx/5 = 1.0 Meter
Area of mesh reinforcement = ¾ (Ast)x= 544.4 mm2
Using 10 mm Ф bar @ 140 mm c/c in short direction an 8 mm Ф bar @ 140 mm c/c in long
direction. This reinforcement is to be provided at both face of slab at each corner.
The details of reinforcement are shown in drawings.

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Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

Design of Slab (S-4) Two-Way (Porch)

Total size of slab is 7.8 M X 4.5 M
Super Imposed Load = 2500 N/m2 including surface finishing.
Let total depth of slab = 120 mm
Self-load due to slab = 0.12 X 1 X 1 X 25000 = 3000 N/m2
Total Load = 5500 N/m2
Let effective depth = 100 mm
ly = 7.8 + 0.10 = 7.90 m, lx = 4.5 + 0.10 = 4.60 m
r = ly / lx = 1.71 < 2.0 (Two Way Slab)
Hence wb = w r4/1+r4 = 4924 N
wL = w/1+r4 = 576 N
Mb = wb B2/8 = 13.02 X 106 N-mm
Ml = wl L2/8 = 4.5 X 106 N-mm
Design of Section for short Span
deff. = (13.02 X 106/1000 X 1.44)0.5 = 95 mm
Hence provide total thickness D = 120 mm
Using 10 mm Ф Bars & Nominal Cover of 15 mm
Allowable effective depth = 100 mm for short span
And effective depth = 90 mm for long span
For short span (Ast)B = 651 mm2
Using 10 mm Ф bars Spacing Sv = 120 mm c/c.
Providing 10 mm Ф bars @ 120 mm c/c for Short Span
Near the support bend half the bar at a distance of B/7 = 660 mm from centre of support.
Design of Section for Long Span
For long span (Ast)L = 250 mm2
Using 8 mm Ф bars Spacing Sv = 180 mm c/c.
Providing 8 mm Ф bars @ 180 mm c/c for long span
Near the support bend half the bar at a distance of L/7 = 1.12 m from centre of support.
Check for Shear & Development Length
S.F. at Short Edge VB = 1/3 wB = 8433.3 N
S.F. at Long Edge VL = wB r/2+r = 11661 N
ꞎv = VB/bd = 0.0937 N/mm2; < ꞎc (Safe)

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Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

DESIGN OF MAIN MEAN (SLAB BEAM)

Design of Beam MB-1 (7.6 Meter, 300 mm X 450 mm)

1. Loading

2 Nos. Trapezoidal Load of Slab S-1 + Self-Load of Beam

24325.65 + 3375 = 27700.65 = 27700 N/m (U.D.L.)

2. Bending Moment and Shear Force

Maximum Moment = 200 X 106 N-mm

Shear Force at Support = 105260 N

3. Moment of Resistance M1 and Reinforcement Ast1

Centre of the tensile reinforcement will be at 25 + 12.5 + 10 = 47.5 mm, by using 25 mm

cover, 25 mm Ф bars and 10 mm Ф stirrups.
d = 450-47.5 = 402.5 mm, nc = 101.8 mm
For a single Reinforced Section
M1 = 56.37 X 106 N-mm
Area of tensile reinforcement
Ast1 = 557 mm2

4. Moment of Resistance M2 and Reinforcement Ast2

M2 = 143.63 X 106 N-mm

This remaining B.M. has to be resisted by a couple provided by the tensile and
compressive reinforcement.
Let the centre of compressive reinforcement will be at 25+10+10 = 45 mm, by using 25
mm cover, 20 mm Ф bars and 10 mm Ф stirrups.
dc = 45 mm
Ast2 = 1461 mm2
Total Ast = 2018 mm2

5. Compressive Reinforcement Asc

Asc = [m(d-nc)/(mc-1)(nc-dc)]Ast1 = 1558 mm2

6. Reinforcing Bars

Ast = 2018 mm2, providing 20 mm Ф Bars 7 Nos., place 4 bars at bottom tier and 3
bars at top tier, keeping a clear cover of 20 mm between the two tiers.
Asc = 1158 mm2, providing 20 mm Ф Bars 4 Nos., place 4 bars at Top, in one tier,
Keeping a clear cover of 25 mm.

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Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

7. Curtailment of Reinforcement

The bending at any point x meter from the centre of the span is
X= (2(M1 – M)/ 1000 W)0.5
X = 3.2 Meter
Hence at x = 3.2 M from the centre, compressive reinforcement is no longer required and
it may, therefore, be curtailed. So curtail 2 bars and continue 2 bars up to the support, to
hold the shear stirrups, at this section bending moment is equal to M1 = 56.37 X 106 N-
mm, Ast1 = 557 mm2, which will need 4 Bars, only so curtail 3 bars from upper tier at this
point and continue rest of the bars to support.

8. Shear Reinforcement

Near the support, where the S.F. is maximum. The section is singly reinforced.

Available effective depth d = 402.5 mm

ꞎv = V/bd = 0.779 N/mm2, available As = 4 X 314 = 1256 mm2

100As / bd = 1.0 %, hence ꞎc = 0.41 N/mm2 < 0.0779 N/mm2

Shear Reinforcement Required

Vc = 49507.5 N, Vs = 55752.5 N

The shear stirrups are governed by using 10 mm Ф Bars as ring bar

Sv = 311 mm

Provide 10 mm Ф ring bar @ 200 mm c/c near support and increase to 250 mm c/c up to
mid span.

9. Check for Development Length at support

The diameter of the bar must follow the requirements = 1.3 M1/V + L0 ≥ Ld
Here, M1 = 159.0 X 106 N-mm

V = 105260 N

Ls = 500 mm, x’ = 30 mm, L0 = 220 mm ; Ld = 45 x 20 = 900mm

2183.7 mm > 900 mm

Code requirement is Satisfied O.K.

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Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

Design of Beam MB-2 (10 Meter, 400 mm X 600 mm)

1. Loading

2 Nos. Triangular Load of Slab S-1 + Self-Load of Beam + 2 Nos. Point Load MB-1
24166.67 + 6000 + 210520 = 30166.67 N/m (U.D.L.) + 210520 N (Point Load)

2. Bending Moment and Shear Force

Maximum Moment = 377083.37 + 526300 = 903 X 106 N-mm

Shear Force at Support = 256093.35 N

3. Moment of Resistance M1 and Reinforcement Ast1

Centre of the tensile reinforcement will be at 25 + 12.5 + 10 = 47.5 mm, by using 25 mm

cover, 25 mm Ф bars and 10 mm Ф stirrups.
d = 600-47.5 = 552.5 mm, nc = 140 mm
For a single Reinforced Section
M1 = 106.23 X 106 N-mm
Area of tensile reinforcement
Ast1 = 764 mm2

4. Moment of Resistance M2 and Reinforcement Ast2

M2 = 759.37 X 106 N-mm

This remaining B.M. has to be resisted by a couple provided by the tensile and
compressive reinforcement.
Let the centre of compressive reinforcement will be at 25+10+10 = 45 mm, by using 25
mm cover, 20 mm Ф bars and 10 mm Ф stirrups.
dc = 45 mm
Ast2 = 5441 mm2
Total Ast = 6205 mm2

5. Compressive Reinforcement Asc

Asc = [m(d-nc)/(mc-1)(nc-dc)]Ast1 = 1712 mm2

6. Reinforcing Bars

Ast = 6205 mm2, providing 25 mm Ф Bars 12 Nos., place 6 bars at bottom tier and 6
bars at top tier, keeping a clear cover of 25 mm between the two tiers.
Asc = 1712 mm2, providing 20 mm Ф Bars 6 Nos., place 4 bars at Top, in one tier,
and 2 Nos. at Second Tier Keeping a clear cover of 25 mm.

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Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

7. Curtailment of Reinforcement

The bending at any point x meter from the centre of the span is
X= (2(M1 – M)/ 1000 W)0.5
X = 5.4 Meter
Hence at x = 5.4 M from the centre, compressive reinforcement is no longer required and
it may, therefore, be curtailed. So curtail 2 bars and continue 4 bars up to the support, to
hold the shear stirrups, at this section bending moment is equal to M1 = 106.23 X 106 N-
mm, Ast1 = 764 mm2, which will need 6 Bars, only so curtail 6 bars from upper tier at this
point and continue rest of the bars to support.

8. Shear Reinforcement

Near the support, where the S.F. is maximum. The section is singly reinforced.

Available effective depth d = 552.5 mm

ꞎv = V/bd = 1.16 N/mm2, available As = 6 X 491 = 2946 mm2

100As / bd = 1.33 %, hence ꞎc = 0.46 N/mm2 < 1.16S N/mm2

Shear Reinforcement Required

Vc = 101660.0 N, Vs = 154433.35 N

The shear stirrups are governed by using 10 mm Ф Bars as ring bar

Sv = 154 mm

Provide 10 mm Ф ring bar @ 150 mm c/c near support and increase to 200 mm c/c up to
mid span.

9. Check for Development Length at support

The diameter of the bar must follow the requirements = 1.3 M1/V + L0 ≥ Ld
Here, M1 = 409.45 X 106 N-mm

V = 256093.35 N

Ls = 500 mm, x’ = 30 mm, L0 = 220 mm; Ld = 45 x 25 = 1125mm

2298.5 mm > 1125 mm

Code requirement is Satisfied O.K.

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Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

Design of Beam MB-3 (10 Meter, 300 mm X 500 mm)

1. Loading

1 Nos. Triangular Load of Slab S-1 + Self-Load of Beam +1 Nos. Point Load MB-1
12083.33 + 3750 + 105260 = 15833.33 N/m (U.D.L.) + 105260 N (Point Load)

2. Bending Moment and Shear Force

Maximum Moment = 197916.62 + 263150 = 461 X 106 N-mm

Shear Force at Support = 131796.65 N

3. Moment of Resistance M1 and Reinforcement Ast1

Centre of the tensile reinforcement will be at 25 + 10 + 10 = 45 mm, by using 25 mm

cover, 20 mm Ф bars and 10 mm Ф stirrups.
d = 500-45 = 455.0 mm, nc = 115.0 mm
For a single Reinforced Section
M1 = 72.0 X 106 N-mm
Area of tensile reinforcement
Ast1 = 630 mm2

4. Moment of Resistance M2 and Reinforcement Ast2

M2 = 389 X 106 N-mm

This remaining B.M. has to be resisted by a couple provided by the tensile and
compressive reinforcement.
Let the centre of compressive reinforcement will be at 25+10+10 = 45 mm, by using 25
mm cover, 20 mm Ф bars and 10 mm Ф stirrups.
dc = 45 mm
Ast2 = 3450 mm2
Total Ast = 4080 mm2

5. Compressive Reinforcement Asc

Asc = [m(d-nc)/(mc-1)(nc-dc)]Ast1 = 1616.6 mm2

6. Reinforcing Bars

Ast = 4080 mm2, providing 25 mm Ф Bars 8 Nos., place 4 bars at bottom tier and 4
bars at top tier, keeping a clear cover of 25 mm between the two tiers.
Asc = 1616.6 mm2, providing 20 mm Ф Bars 6 Nos., place 3 bars at Top, in one tier,
and 3 Nos. at Second Tier Keeping a clear cover of 25 mm.

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Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

7. Curtailment of Reinforcement

The bending at any point x meter from the centre of the span is
X= (2(M1 – M)/ 1000 W)0.5
X = 5.4 Meter
Hence at x = 5.4 M from the centre, compressive reinforcement is no longer required and
it may, therefore, be curtailed. So curtail 2 bars and continue 4 bars up to the support, to
hold the shear stirrups, at this section bending moment is equal to M1 = 106.23 X 106 N-
mm, Ast1 = 764 mm2, which will need 4 Bars, only so curtail 4 bars from upper tier at this
point and continue rest of the bars to support.

8. Shear Reinforcement

Near the support, where the S.F. is maximum. The section is singly reinforced.

Available effective depth d = 455.0 mm

ꞎv = V/bd = 0.96 N/mm2, available As = 4 X 491 = 1964 mm2

100As / bd = 1.43 %, hence ꞎc = 0.47 N/mm2 < 0.96 N/mm2

Shear Reinforcement Required

Vc = 64155.0 N, Vs = 67641.65 N

The shear stirrups are governed by using 10 mm Ф Bars as ring bar

Sv = 290 mm

Provide 10 mm Ф ring bar @ 200 mm c/c near support and increase to 250 mm c/c up to
mid span.

9. Check for Development Length at support

The diameter of the bar must follow the requirements = 1.3 M1/V + L0 ≥ Ld
Here, M1 = 219.22 X 106 N-mm

V = 131796.65 N

Ls = 500 mm, x’ = 30 mm, L0 = 220 mm; Ld = 45 x 25 = 1125mm

4544.6 mm > 1125 mm

Code requirement is Satisfied O.K.

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Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

Design of Beam MB-4 (4.4 Meter, 200 mm X 400 mm)

1. Loading

2 Nos. Triangular Load of Slab S-2 + Self-Load of Beam

20533 + 2000 = 22533.0 N/m (U.D.L.)

2. Bending Moment and Shear Force

Maximum Moment = 54.53 X 106 N-mm

Shear Force at Support = 49572.60 N

3. Moment of Resistance M1 and Reinforcement Ast1

Centre of the tensile reinforcement will be at 25 + 10 + 10 = 45 mm, by using 25 mm

cover, 20 mm Ф bars and 10 mm Ф stirrups.
d = 400-45 = 355.0 mm, nc = 89.81 mm
For a single Reinforced Section
M1 = 29.0 X 106 N-mm
Area of tensile reinforcement
Ast1 = 328 mm2

4. Moment of Resistance M2 and Reinforcement Ast2

M2 = 25.53 X 106 N-mm

This remaining B.M. has to be resisted by a couple provided by the tensile and
compressive reinforcement.
Let the centre of compressive reinforcement will be at 25+10+10 = 45 mm, by using 25
mm cover, 20 mm Ф bars and 10 mm Ф stirrups.
dc = 45 mm
Ast2 = 300 mm2
Total Ast = 628 mm2

5. Compressive Reinforcement Asc

Asc = [m(d-nc)/(mc-1)(nc-dc)]Ast1 = 178 mm2

6. Reinforcing Bars

Ast = 628 mm2, providing 12 mm Ф Bars 6 Nos., place 4 bars at bottom tier and 2
bars at top tier, keeping a clear cover of 12 mm between the two tiers.
Asc = 178 mm2, providing 12 mm Ф Bars 3 Nos., place 3 bars at Top, in one tier,
Tier Keeping a clear cover of 25 mm.

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Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

7. Curtailment of Reinforcement

The bending at any point x meter from the centre of the span is
X= (2(M1 – M)/ 1000 W)0.5
X = 1.5 Meter
Hence at x = 1.5 M from the centre, compressive reinforcement is no longer required and
it may, therefore, be continue 3 bars up to the support, to hold the shear stirrups, at this
section bending moment is equal to M1 = 29.0 X 106 N-mm, Ast1 = 328 mm2, which will
need 4 Bars, only so curtail 2 bars from upper tier at this point and continue rest of the
bars to support.

8. Shear Reinforcement

Near the support, where the S.F. is maximum. The section is singly reinforced.

Available effective depth d = 355.0 mm

ꞎv = V/bd = 0.70 N/mm2, available As = 4 X 113 = 452 mm2

100As / bd = 0.64 %, hence ꞎc = 0.33 N/mm2 < 0.96 N/mm2

Shear Reinforcement Required

Vc = 23430.0 N, Vs = 26142.60 N

The shear stirrups are governed by using 8 mm Ф Bars as ring bar

Sv = 375 mm

Provide 8 mm Ф ring bar @ 200 mm c/c near support and increase to 250 mm c/c up to
mid span.

9. Check for Development Length at support

The diameter of the bar must follow the requirements = 1.3 M1/V + L0 ≥ Ld
Here, M1 = 30.27 X 106 N-mm

V = 49572.60 N

Ls = 400 mm, x’ = 30 mm, L0 = 170 mm; Ld = 45 x 12 = 540 mm

964 mm > 540 mm

Code requirement is Satisfied O.K.

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 17
Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

Design of Beam MB-5 (7.8 Meter, 300 mm X 450 mm)

1. Loading

2 Nos. Triangular Load of Slab S-3 + Self-Load of Beam + 2 Nos. Point Load of MB-1
18850 + 3375 + 210520 = 22225 N/m (U.D.L.) + 210520 N (Point Load)

2. Bending Moment and Shear Force

Maximum Moment = 169021.12 + 410514 = 579.53 X 106 N-mm

Shear Force at Support = 191937.5 N

3. Moment of Resistance M1 and Reinforcement Ast1

Centre of the tensile reinforcement will be at 25 + 10 + 10 = 45 mm, by using 25 mm

cover, 20 mm Ф bars and 10 mm Ф stirrups.
d = 500-45 = 455.0 mm, nc = 115.0 mm
For a single Reinforced Section
M1 = 72.0 X 106 N-mm
Area of tensile reinforcement
Ast1 = 630 mm2

4. Moment of Resistance M2 and Reinforcement Ast2

M2 = 389 X 106 N-mm

This remaining B.M. has to be resisted by a couple provided by the tensile and
compressive reinforcement.
Let the centre of compressive reinforcement will be at 25+10+10 = 45 mm, by using 25
mm cover, 20 mm Ф bars and 10 mm Ф stirrups.
dc = 45 mm
Ast2 = 3450 mm2
Total Ast = 4080 mm2

5. Compressive Reinforcement Asc

Asc = [m(d-nc)/(mc-1)(nc-dc)]Ast1 = 1616.6 mm2

6. Reinforcing Bars

Ast = 4080 mm2, providing 25 mm Ф Bars 8 Nos., place 4 bars at bottom tier and 4
bars at top tier, keeping a clear cover of 25 mm between the two tiers.
Asc = 1616.6 mm2, providing 20 mm Ф Bars 6 Nos., place 3 bars at Top, in one tier,
and 3 Nos. at Second Tier Keeping a clear cover of 25 mm.

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 18
Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

7. Curtailment of Reinforcement

The bending at any point x meter from the centre of the span is
X= (2(M1 – M)/ 1000 W)0.5
X = 5.4 Meter
Hence at x = 5.4 M from the centre, compressive reinforcement is no longer required and
it may, therefore, be curtailed. So curtail 2 bars and continue 4 bars up to the support, to
hold the shear stirrups, at this section bending moment is equal to M1 = 106.23 X 106 N-
mm, Ast1 = 764 mm2, which will need 4 Bars, only so curtail 4 bars from upper tier at this
point and continue rest of the bars to support.

8. Shear Reinforcement

Near the support, where the S.F. is maximum. The section is singly reinforced.

Available effective depth d = 455.0 mm

ꞎv = V/bd = 0.96 N/mm2, available As = 4 X 491 = 1964 mm2

100As / bd = 1.43 %, hence ꞎc = 0.47 N/mm2 < 0.96 N/mm2

Shear Reinforcement Required

Vc = 64155.0 N, Vs = 67641.65 N

The shear stirrups are governed by using 10 mm Ф Bars as ring bar

Sv = 290 mm

Provide 10 mm Ф ring bar @ 200 mm c/c near support and increase to 250 mm c/c up to
mid span.

9. Check for Development Length at support

The diameter of the bar must follow the requirements = 1.3 M1/V + L0 ≥ Ld
Here, M1 = 219.22 X 106 N-mm

V = 131796.65 N

Ls = 500 mm, x’ = 30 mm, L0 = 220 mm; Ld = 45 x 25 = 1125mm

4544.6 mm > 1125 mm

Code requirement is Satisfied O.K.

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 19
Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

DESIGN OF COLUMNS

Design of Column C-1 (F-1) 350 mm X 500 mm

1. Loading
(2 X Load from Beam MB-1 + Load from Beam MB-2 + Self Load) X 3 Story
(2 X 105260 + 256093.35 + 18812.5) X 3
= 1456.27 kN
2. Effective Length
Both end Fixed = 0.65 X 4.3 Meter = 2.8 Meter
3. Design of Section
Load carrying capacity of column takin p = 1 % = 0.01
P = σcc (Ag – pAg ) + σsc pAg
Ag = 128494.41 mm2
Providing B = 350 mm and D = 500 mm
Total Ag = 175000 mm2
4. Longitudinal Reinforcement
Asc = 0.01 X 175000 = 1750 mm2
Provide 16 mm Ф 08 Nos. with a nominal cover 40 mm.
5. Design of Ties
Diameter of ties should be ¼ the diameter using 10 mm Ф bar
Spacing
a) 16 X dia of main bar = 256 mm
b) 48 X dia of ties = 480 mm

Provide 10 mm Ф bars @ 200 mm c/c at mid span, and 150 mm c/c near support.

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Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

Design of Column C-2 (F-2) 400 mm X 500 mm

1. Loading
(2 X Load from Beam MB-1 + 2 X Load from Beam MB-2 + Self Load) X 3 Story
(2 X 105260 + 2 X 256093.35 + 21500) X 3
= 2232.6 kN
2. Effective Length
Both end Fixed = 0.65 X 4.3 Meter = 2.8 Meter
3. Design of Section
Load carrying capacity of column takin p = 1 % = 0.01
P = σcc (Ag – pAg ) + σsc pAg
Ag = 176490.11 mm2
Providing B = 400 mm and D = 500 mm
Total Ag = 200000 mm2
4. Longitudinal Reinforcement
Asc = 0.01 X 176490.11 = 1764.90 mm2
Provide 16 mm Ф 10 Nos. with a nominal cover 40 mm.
5. Design of Ties
Diameter of ties should be ¼ the diameter using 10 mm Ф bar
Spacing
c) 16 X dia of main bar = 256 mm
d) 48 X dia of ties = 480 mm

Provide 10 mm Ф bars @ 200 mm c/c at mid span, and 180 mm c/c near support.

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 21
Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

Design of Column C-3 (F-3) 300 mm X 400 mm

1. Loading
(2 X Load from Beam MB-5 + Load from Beam MB-4 + Self Load) X 3 Story
(2 X 191937.5 + 49572.60 + 12900) X 3
= 1339.0kN
2. Effective Length
Both end Fixed = 0.65 X 4.3 Meter = 2.8 Meter
3. Design of Section
Load carrying capacity of column takin p = 1 % = 0.01
P = σcc (Ag – pAg ) + σsc pAg
Ag = 118147 mm2
Providing B = 300 mm and D = 400 mm
Total Ag = 120000 mm2
4. Longitudinal Reinforcement
Asc = 0.01 X 118147 = 1181.47 mm2
Provide 16 mm Ф 6 Nos. with a nominal cover 40 mm.
5. Design of Ties
Diameter of ties should be ¼ the diameter using 10 mm Ф bar
Spacing
e) 16 X dia of main bar = 256 mm
f) 48 X dia of ties = 480 mm

Provide 10 mm Ф bars @ 200 mm c/c at mid span, and 180 mm c/c near support.

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 22
Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

Design of Column C-4 (F-4) 300 mm Dia.

1. Loading
(2 X Load from Beam MB-4 + Self Load)
(2 X 49572.60 + 1767.14)
= 1009.12
2. Effective Length
Both end Fixed = 0.65 X 4.3 Meter = 2.8 Meter
3. Design of Section
Load carrying capacity of column takin p = 1 % = 0.01
P = σcc (Ag – pAg ) + σsc pAg
Ag = 89040 mm2
Providing Dia D = 350 mm
Total Ag = 96211.27 mm2
4. Longitudinal Reinforcement
Asc = 0.01 X 89040 = 890.4 mm2
Provide 12 mm Ф 8 Nos. with a nominal cover 40 mm.
5. Design of Ties
Diameter of ties should be ¼ the diameter using 8 mm Ф bar
Spacing
g) 16 X dia of main bar = 192 mm
h) 48 X dia of ties = 384 mm

Provide 8 mm Ф bars @ 180 mm c/c at mid span, and 180 mm c/c near support.

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 23
Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

DESIGN OF FOOTINGS

Footing (F-1) 2.86 meter X 2.6 meter

Total Load on to Footing = 1456.27 kN

Self-weight of Footing @ 10 % = 145.62 kN

Total Load = 1601.89 kN

Let 20 % of the total load is transferred from ground beam

Total Effective Load = 1281.51 kN

1. Size of Footing

Area of Footing = 1964.88/200 = 6.4 m2

Size of the footing = 2.86 m X 2.6 m = 7.4 m2

Net upward pressure po = 172.33 kN /m2 / m

2. Design of Section
Maximum B.M. occurs at distance b/4 from the centre of the wall, and its magnitude
is M = p0 B/8 X (B-b)2 X 106 N-mm
M = 343.14 X 106 N-mm
d = 376.5 mm
Let total D = 400 mm
3. Check for Shear
V = 384.44 N
ꞎc = 0.34 N/mm2
4. Design of Reinforcement
Ast = 2689.18 mm2
Ast one face = 1344.6 mm2
Provide 10 mm Ф @ 250 mm c/c both ways at top and bottom.

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 24
Multi-Purpose Commercial Building Structure Design at Kanera, Sagar (M.P.)

Footing (F-2) 3.2 meter X 3.0 meter

Total Load on to Footing = 2232.6 kN

Self-weight of Footing @ 10 % = 223.26 kN

Total Load = 2455.86 kN

Let 20 % of the total load is transferred from ground beam

Total Effective Load = 1964.68 kN

5. Size of Footing

Area of Footing = 1964.88/200 = 9.8 m2

Size of the footing = 3.3 m X 3.0 m = 9.9 m2

Net upward pressure po = 676.5 kN /m2 / m

6. Design of Section
Maximum B.M. occurs at distance b/4 from the centre of the wall, and its magnitude
is M = p0 (B-b) (B-b/4) X 106 N-mm
M = 752 X 106 N-mm
d = 442.6 mm
Let total D = 500 mm
7. Check for Shear
V = 2009 N
ꞎc = 1.37 N/mm2
8. Design of Reinforcement
Ast = 5419.6 mm2
Ast one face = 2709.8 mm2
Provide 10 mm Ф @ 230 mm c/c both ways at top and bottom.

AATVIK CONSULTANCY & INFRASTRUCTRE (Structure Design and Project Management Consultancy)