SENTENCE PATTERN

What is Sentence Pattern? A different types of words arranged in a sentence to give complete
meaning is called a Sentence Pattern.

Subject (S):
The subject is that part of a sentence which names the person, place, thing or an animal.
A Subject is a word which provides answer to the questions which? or who?.
The person or thing who does the action in the sentence is called the subject.
The doer of the action is called Subject.
John is my friend. Chennai is a big city. The pen is mine. Peacock is our national bird.

Object (O):
The word which receives the action from the subject in a sentence is called the object.
The receiver of the action is called Object.
An object is a word which provides answer to the questions what? Or whom?
Raja ate an apple. Peter met him last week.
Object can be divided into two types: They are: 1. Direct Object. 2. Indirect Object.

Direct Object (D.O): Direct Object is a word which provides answer to the question what?
My friend wrote her a letter. His father presented him a watch.

Indirect Object (I.O): Indirect Object is a word which provides answer to the questions to whom? Or
for whom?
I have bought them some gifts. She has sent it to me.

Verb (V):
The word that indicates action done by the subject or expresses a state of being or shows possession
is called the verb.
He ate a mango. I have something to tell you. She feels happy. Peter is a doctor.

Complement (C):
Complement completes the meaning of the subject or object. The complement can be an adverb, an
adjective, an adjectival phrase, or a noun group or a prepositional phrase.
He is busy. The book is there. The book is on the table. He was the chairman of the company.

Subject Complement:
If the following words are used as a verb ‘am, is, was, are, were, become, look, feel, grow, seem,
taste, smell, appear, begin, behave, remain’ followed by an object or phrase to complete the
meaning of the sentence is called Subject complement.
I am a teacher. He became an I.A.S. officer. She feels happy.

Object Complement:
If the following words are used as a verb ‘make, name, call, think, elect, find, prove, choose,
appoint, consider, keep, struck, paint, declare, approve’ followed by an object or phrase, to
complete the meaning of the sentence is known as Object Complement.
We called him Hitler. They made him mad.
They named the boy John. We called the man fool.

Adjunct / Adverb (A):

An adjunct is a word or group of words which provides answer to the questions where? when? how?
and why? An adverb is a word used to modify a verb, adjective or another adverb.
Peter stays in Landon. I met her last month. They came by bus.
She danced well. I bought milk to feed my child.

Short method to identify sentence pattern:

The answer of Who? / Which? Subject
The answer of What? / Whom? Object
The answer of What? Direct Object
The answer of to Whom? / For Whom? Indirect Object
The alternative term for adjective is called Complement
Action word or State of being or Shows Verb
possession is called
The answer of to Where? / When? / How? /Why Adjunct
Exercises:
Identify the pattern of the following sentences
1. I shall meet you tomorrow. 2. They sent her a gift. 3. There I saw a picture. 4. Jujin became an
I.P.S officer. 5. We always learn English Grammar thoroughly step by step. 6. She often becomes ill
suddenly. 7. Reading made him a complete man. 8. Jasmine sent Glory some foreign Jewels. 9.
Johnson became ill suddenly yesterday. 10. Birds always fly up in the sky.