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1 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
• Greater the magnitude of the charge on the par- and mass 1, particles are called protons
ticle greater is the deflection when electric and Neutron: Neutron was discovered by James
magnetic field is applied Chadwick based on nuclear reaction, by
• Lighter the mass of the particle greater will be bomarding a thin layer (sheet) of beryllium by
the deflection particles neutral particles having mass slightly
greater than that of protons was emitted particles
• The deflection of electrons from its original path are named as Neutrons.
increases when voltage increases from the MILLIKAN’S OIL DROP METHOD
above points Thomson was able to determine
the v alue of charge to mass ratio In this method, oil droplets in the form of mist
as 1.758820 1011 ckg 1 produced by the atomiser, were allowed to enter
CHARGE OF ELECTRON through a tiny hole in the upper plate of electrical
condenser
• Mullikan determined the charge of the electron
by an oil drop experiment The downward motion of these droplets was
• By carefully measuring the effects of the elec- viewed through the telescope, equipped with a
trical field on the movement of many droplets micrometer eye piece.
• Charge on the oildrops was always an integral By measuring the rate of fall of these droplets,
19
multiple of 1.60 10 c Millikan was able to measure the mass of oil
droplets.
me
e
1.60 10 19
e / me 1.758820 1011 ckg 1
9.1094 10 31 kg The air inside the chamber was ionized by passing
a beam of X-rays through it.
DISCOVERY OF PROTONS AND NEUTRONS
• Proton: Discovered by Gold Stein, he used
The electrical charge on these oil droplets was
perforated cathode in the discharge tube and acquired by collisions with gaseous ions.
repeated Thomson experiment and observed the
formation of anode rays. These rays also termed
The fall of these charged oil droplets can be
as positive or Canal rays retarded, accelerated or made stationary
depending upon the charge on the droplets and
PROPERTIES
the polarity and strength of the voltage applied to
• Anode rays travel in straight line, and these are the plate.
material particles
• Anode rays are positively charged, and get de-
By carefully measuring the effects of electrical
flected by external magnetic field and affect the field strength on the motion of oil droplets.
photographic plate Millikan concluded that the magnitude of electrical
e charge, q, on the droplets is always an integral
• value of these rays is smaller than that of multiple of the electrical charge, e, that is q=ne,
m
where n = 1,2,3......
electrons 2. ISOTOPES AND ISOBARS
e Isotopes : Atoms with identical atomic number but
• value of anode rays depends upon nature of different mass numbers are known as isotopes.
m Isotopes exhibit similar chemical properties
the gas
It is evident that difference between the isotopes X-rays have a very high penetrating power through
is due to the presence of different number of the matter so these are used to study the interior
neutrons present in the nucleus. of the objects
For example, considering of hydrogen atom X-rays have very short wavelengths 0.1nm
again, 99.985% of hydrogen atoms contain only
Henri Becqueral observed that there are certain
one proton. This isotope is called protium H .
1
1
elements which emit radiation , , on their
Rest of the percentage of hydrogen atom
contains two other isotopes, the one containing own and named this phenomenon as a
radioactiv ity and the elements knwon as
1 proton and 1 neutron is called deuterium( 12 D radioactive elements.
, 0.015%) and the other one possessing 1 proton
rays consists of high energy particles carrying
and 2 neutrons is called tritium T . The latter
3
1 two units positive charge and four units of atomic
isotope is found in trace amounts on the earth. mass (Helium nuclei)
1
...... 2
C
wavelength in cm
C velocity of light 31010 cm / sec
wave number in cm 1
• The wave length of UV light is
1800 3800 A 0
• The wave length of visible light is
3800 7600 A 0
• The wave length of IR radiation is
7600 3 106 A 0 • At a given temperature the intensity of radiation
increases with wavelength reaches a maximum
and then decreases.
CORPUSCULAR THEORY OF LIGHT :
• When the temperature increases, the intensity
Some of the experimental phenomenon such as of radiation will be more towards the lower wave-
lengths.
diffraction and interference can be explained by
the wave nature of the electromagnetic radiation • Max planck proposed quantum theory to ex -
plain the black body radiations.
• A body which is capable of absorbing all
types of radiations and emits completely the ab- Diffraction is the bending of wave around an
sorbed radiations is called a black body. obstacle
• Black body is perfect absorber and perfect emit- Interference is the combination of two waves of
ter of radiant of energy. the same or different frequencies to give a wave
whose distribution at each point in space is the
• When a black body is heated it emits thermal
algebric or vector sum of disturbances at that
radiation of different wave lengths or frequencies. point resulting from each interfering wave.
• A hollow metallic sphere coated inside with plati- When solids are heated they emit radiation over
num black and having a small hole in its wall a wide range of wavelength
acts as a black body. 5. PLANCK’S QUANTUM THEORY :
Substances absorb or emit light discontinuously
diagram in the form of small packets or bundles.
The smallest packet of energy is called quan-
tum.
The radiation is propagated in the form of waves.
The energy of a quantum is directly proportional
to the frequency of the radiation. E
The energy of a quantum is
hc
E h hc
6 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
Wave length in cm 1
K.E = me v 2 , w hvo
1
2
Wave number in cm
A body can absorb or emit in whole 1
hv hvo meV 2
2
number of quantum E n h . me = mass of the electron, V = velocity of the
6. PHOTO ELECTRIC EFFECT : ejected electron
by the excited atoms are called emission spectra. R is Rydberg constant and its value for hydrogen
• These spectra consist of bright lines on the dark is 1,09,677 cm 1 ( or )
background.
• When white light is passed through a gas and 1.09677 x 105 cm 1
the emergent beam of light is allowed to fall on a
photographic plate, the spectrum obtained is Ryedberg constant value is not same for all the
called absorption spectrum. elements.
• As the substance absorbs certain portion of white
light dark lines appear on bright background. • The first line in Balmer series is called H line
• For a given element dark lines in the absorption and its wavelength is 6563 A0.
spectrum coincides with the bright lines in the • The second line is called H line and its
emission spectrum.
wavelength is 4861 A0.
An absorption spectrum is like the photographic • The spectral lines get closer when the n2 value is
negative of an emission spectrum. increased.
If n2 is taken as infinity the wavelength of the
German chemist, Robert Bunsen(1811-1899) was limiting line in the series is obtained.
one of the first investigators to use line spectra
to identify elements. 1 1 1 R
R 2 2 27,419cm1
2 4
8. HYDROGEN SPECTRUM :
• The source of radiation here is a hydrogen
• The other series in the hydrogen spectrum are
invisible.
discharge tube.
• The discharge tube contains hydrogen gas at low
• The wavelength or wave numbers of all the lines
in all the series can be calculated by using
pressure and high potential difference
Rydberg’s equation
• The bright light emitted from the discharge tube
is passed through a prism to cause dispersion. 1 1 1
• The emergent beam of light f alls on a 1,09,678 2 2
n1 n2
photographic plate and is recorded as the atomic
spectrum of hydrogen. • Maximum number of lines produced when
• The hydrogen spectrum is the simplest of all the an electron jumps from nth level to ground
atomic spectra. level
• It contains a number of groups of lines.
n n 1
• They can be classified into various series. .
2
• Only one such series is visible to the naked eye
SERIES OF HYDROGEN SPECTRUM:
and is termed as the visible region of hydrogen
spectrum. NAME OF SERIES N1N2 SPECTRAL REGION
Lyman series 1 2, 3, 4, 5.. ultraviolet
• As it was discovered by Balmer it is called Balmer
series. Balmer series 2 3, 4, 5, 6.. visible
Paschen series 3 4, 5, 6. 7 near infrared
• The wavelength or wave number of various lines
in the visible region can be expressed by an Brackett series 4 5, 6, 7 8.. infrared
equation. Pfund series 5 6, 7, 8. 9 far infrared
• The value of R = 1,09,678 cm 1 is valid only for
11 1
R 2 2 the lines in the hydrogen spectrum.
n1 n2 • For a spectral line of any one electron species
where n1 = 2 which is constant for all the lines in like He+, Li2+ the value of R RH Z 2
Balmer series.
n2 = 3, 4, 5......
8 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
5. The Z and A values of an element are 25 and 12. The - particles are
55. The number of electrons protons and 1) high energy electrons
neutrons in its most stable ion respectively are 2) positively charged hydrogen atoms
1) 25,25,30 2) 23,25,30 3) nuclei of helium atoms
3) 22,25,30 4) 20,25,309. 4) high energy radiations
6. Which of the following statement is correct 13. The correct statement about proton is :
1) Sulphur atom, sulphide ion have same no. of 1) It is a nucleus of deuterium
electrons 2) It is an ionized hydrogen atom
2) Sulphur atom, sulphide ion have same electron 3) It is an ionized hydrogen molecule
configuration
4) It is an particle
3) Sulphur atom, sulphide ion have same no. of
neutrons
14. In Moseley’s equation v a Z b :
4) Sulphur atom, sulphide ion differ in their nuclear
charges 1) b depends on metal and a is independent of
7. Among the following which is not isoelectronic metal
with others 2) both a and b are metal dependent
1) HF 2) H2O 3) both a and b are independent of metal
3) NH3 4) CO 4) a is metal dependent while b is not
8. The charge on the atom containing 17 protons, 15. The argument which favours the particulars
18 neutrons and 18 electrons is
nature of cathode rays is :
1) -1 2) -2 3) 0 4) +1
1) they produce fluorescence
9. Which of the following is correct for cathode rays
in discharge tube 2) they travel through vacuum
1) independent of the nature of the cathode 3) they get deflected by electric and magnetic
2) independent of the nature of the gas fields
3) is observed in pressence of electric and mag 4) they cast shadows of objects present in their
netic field way
4) all the above 16. Which of the following pairs have identical
10. Magnitude of deflection of cathode rays in dis- values of e/m?
charge tube is more when 1) a Proton and a neutron
1) magnitude of charge of the particle is more 2) A proton and deuterium
2) greater interaction with the electric or mag- 3) Deuterium and an particles
netic field 4) An electron and rays
3) less mass of the particle 17. From the discharge tube experiment it was
4) all the above concluded that :
e 1) mass of proton is in fraction
11. The value of proton is 2) matter contains electrons
m
3) nucleus contains positive charge
e 4) positive rays are heavier than protons
1) less than value of electron 18. The nature of anode rays depends upon
m
1) Nature of gas filled in the discharge tube
e 2) Nature of electrode
2) equal to value of electron
m 3) Nature of metal 4) None of these
e 19. An oil drop has 6.39 1019 charge. What
3) greater than value of electron
m will be the number of electrons in this drop?
4) all the above 1) 2 2) 4 3) 8 4) 16
16 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
20. The ratio e/m i.e., specific charge for a cathode ray. 27. One of the fundamental particles is missing in
1) has the smallest value when the discharge one of the isotopes. And the particle and isotope
are respectively
tube is filled with H 2 1) neutron, protium 2) neutron, tritium
2) is constant 3) proton, protium 4) electron, tritium
3) varies with the atom number of gas in the 28. Which of the following contains more no of
discharge tube neutrons
1) S32 2) Na23 3) Fe56 4) Ca40
4) varies with the atomic number of an element
29. Tritium atom contains
forming the cathode
1) 1e, 1p, 1n 2) 1e, 1p, 2n
21. The value of charge on the oil droplets
3) 2p, 2e, 1n 4) 1e, 1p, 3n
experimentally observed were 1.6 1019 and 30. The massive particle among the following is
1) - particle 2) deuteron
4 1019 coulomb. The value o f the
electronic charge, indicated by these results is 3) proton 4) - particle
23. An atom contains electrons, protons and 32. Charge of electron is determined by
neutrons. If the mass of each neutrons is halved, 1) J.J. Thomson 2) Mullikan
and each electron is doubled, then the atomic 3) Crookes 4) Chadwick
mass of 12Mg24 33. Neutrons are discovered by
1) Gets doubled 1) J.J.Thomson 2) Gold Stein
2) Approximately remain same 3) Crookes 4) Chadwick
3) Approximately get reduced by 5% 34. Charge of one mole of alpha particle is
4) Approximately get reduced by 25% 1) + 2 units 2) +1 units
24. Nucleons are 3) + 2 faraday 4) + 2 coulombs
1) only protons 2) only neutrons
3) both protons and neutrons e
4) electrons, protons and neutrons 35. The ratio of of proton and - particle is
m
25. The wrong statement among the following is
1) Nitrogen atom, nitride ion have same atomic 1) 2 : 1 2) 1 : 2 3) 1 : 1 4) 1 : 3
number 36. The Ion that is isoelectron with carbon monoxide
2) Aluminium atom and its ion have same mass is (E-90)
number 1) CN- 2) O2+ 3) O-2 4) N2+
3) Iron atom, ferrous ion have same electron
configuration 37. Assertion(A): Cathode rays are deflected towards
4) Nuclear charge is same in both chlorine atom, positive plate in an electric field
chloride ion Reason(R): These consist of negatively charged
26. Set of iso electronic ions among the following is particles.
1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
1) Na , Cl , O 2) K+, Ca++,F- explanation of (A)
2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the
3) Cl , K , S 4) H , Be , Na correct explanation of (A)
3) (A) is true but (R) is false
4) (A) is false but (R) is true
17 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
38. Which of the following statemens is not correct 43. Which statement is correct?
regarding cathode rays? 1) Volume of proton is approximately
1) The rays carry negative charge
2) The charge / mass of these rays is 1.5 1038 cm3
considerably smaller than for positive rays. 2) The radius of electron is 42.8 1013 cm
3) The rays produce mechanical effect
4) The charge / mass ratio is independent of the 3) The density of nucleus is 1014 g / cm3
nature of the gass taken in the discharge tube.
4) All of the above
39. Which of the following is not be basic postulate
of Dalton’s atomic theory ? 44. If S1 be the specific charge e / m of cathode
1) Atoms are neither created not destroyed in
rays and S 2 be that of positive ray then which
a chemical reaction
2) In a compound, the relative number and is true?
kinds of atom are constant. 1) S1 S2 2) S1 S 2
3) Atoms of all elements are alike, including 3) S1 S2 4) Either of these
their masses
4) Each element is composed of extremely MODEL QUESTIONS
small particles called atoms ISOBARS AND ISOTOPES
40. Which of the following reactions led to the
discovery of neutrons ? 45. Among 10 A20 11 B 21 11C 22 and 12 D 22 the iso-
bar combination is
1
6
14
7 N 0 n
1) C 1 p 1 14 1) A and B 2) B and C
3) C and D 4) A and D
2) Be9 He4
6 C 12
0 n1 46. U 235 and U 238 are seperated by
4 2
1) Sublimation
3) B11 D 2
C 11
0 n1 2) Gaseous diffusion 3) Electrolysis
5 1 6 4) Precipitation
1
4) Be8 He4
4 2 6 C11 0n PRACTICE QUESTIONS
47. Lightest isotope in the periodic table is
41. For the atomic radius of the order of 10-8 cm
1) Tritium 2) Deuterium
and nuclear radius of the order of 10-13 cm. 3) Protium 4) All the above
The fraction of atom occupied by the nucleus 48. The lightest radioactive isotope in periodic table
will be : is
1) 1013 atomic volume 1) Tritium 2) Deuterium
3) Protium 4) All the above
2) 1014 atomic volume 49. Isotopes exhibhits similar
3) 1015 atomic volume 1) physical properties
2) chemical properties
4) 1016 atomic volume
3) physical and chemical
42. Which of the following is main cause of late 4) neither physical nor chemical properties
discovery of neutron 50. Which the following elements exhibits more num-
1) Neutron is highly unstable particle ber of stable isotopes
2) Neutron in nucleus moves very fast 1) H 2) O
3) Neutron is chargeless particle 3) Sn 4) S
4) All of these 51. Isobars differ in
1) Neucleons 2) mass number
3) atomic number 4) both 1 & 3
18 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
52. The atomic weight of an element is 23 and its 58. Rutherford's experiment on scattering of -
atomic number is 11. The number of protons, particles showed for the first time that the atom
electrons and neutrons respectively present in the has (E-95)
atom of the element are : 1) Nucleus 2) Electron 3) Proton 4) Neutron
(E-86) 59. The conclusions of Rutherford scattering
1) 11, 11, 12 2) 12,12,11
experiment does not include:
3) 11,12,11 4) 12,11,12 1) particle can come within a distance of
the order of 1014 m of the nucleus.
53. The number of neutrons present in the deute-
rium isotope of hydrogen is 2) The radius of the nucleus is less than 1014 m
1) 2 2) 3 3) 5 4) 1 3) scattering follows Coulomb’s law
MODEL QUESTION 4) The (+) vely charged parts of an atom move
THOMSON AND RUTHERFORD ATOMIC MODELS with extremely high velocities.
54. In Rutherford - rays scattering experiment gold MODEL QUESTIONS
foils are used due to
CONCEPTUAL QUESTIONS
1) high maeliability
NATURE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
2) ductability
60. Assertion(A): Energy of radiation is large if its
3) high melting point
wave length is large
4) high ionisation energy
55. The best evidence that electrons are arranged C
Reason(R): Energy hν ν
in definite orbits or energy levels is based on λ
the observation that 1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
1) atomic spectra consist of discrete lines and explanation of (A)
not continuous bands 2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the
2) electrons in the beta ray have high kinetic correct explanation of (A)
energy 3) (A) is true but (R) is false
3) the penetrating power of cathode ray 4) (A) is false but (R) is true
electrons depends upon the voltage used to 61. List - I List - II
produce them
A) Velocity of light 1) Energy particle
4) electrons revolve around the nucleus
B) Plank’s constant 2) Energy packet
56. Which of the following is true for Thomson’s
model of atom C) Wave number 3) 3 108 m / sec
1) The radius of an electron can be calculated D) Photon 4) 6.625 10 34 J sec
by using this model
2) In an undisturbed atom, the electron will be 5) cm 1
at their equilibrium position, where the The correct match is
attraction between A B C D A B C D
3) the cloud of positive charge and the electrons 1) 2 3 4 5 2) 1 2 3 4
balances their mutual repulsion. 3) 2 4 5 1 4) 3 4 5 1
4) None of the above 62. The electromagnetic radiations are,
PRACTICE QUESTIONS a) Visible light b) IR light
57. In Rutherford's alpha-ray scattering experiment, c) UV light d) Micro waves
the alpha particles are detected using a screen The correct order of increasing energy from
coated with ( E-99) lowest to highest is
1) carbon black 2) platinum black
1) a bcd 2) abcd
3) zinc sulphide 4) poly tetrafluoro ethylene
3) dba c 4) bcda
19 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
63. Which of the following statements is not correct 70. If 1 and 2 are the wavelength of characteristic
regarding electromagnetic spectrum? X-rays and gamma rays respectively, then the
1) The velocity of X-rays is more than that of
relation between them is
microwaves
2) Infra-red radiations have larger wavelength 1
than cosmic rays 1) 1 2) 1 2
2
3) The frequency of microwaves is less than
that of ultra - violet rays 3) 1 2 4) 1 2
4) X-rays have larger wave number than micro MODEL QUESTIONS
waves PLANKS QUANTUM THEORY
64. Energy levels A, B, C of a certain atoms 71. Dimensions of Planck’s constant are
corresponding to increasing values of every level 1) Force Time 2) Energy Distance
i.e., E A EB EC . If 1 , 2 and 3 are the
Energy
wavelengths of radiations corresponding to the 3) Energy Time 4)
Time
transitions C to B, B to A and C to A
respectively which of the following statement is 72. The characteristic not associated with Planck’s
correct? theory is :
1) radiations are associated with energy
12 2) the magnitude of energy associated with a
1) 3 1 2 2) 3 quantum is proportional to frequency
1 2
3) radiation energy is neither emitted nor
3) 1 2 3 0 3) 32 12 22 absorbed continuously.
PRACTICE QUESTIONS 4) radiation energy is neither emitted nor
65. The ratio of energy to frequency of electromag- absorbed discontinuously
netic radiation is called 73. Planck’s constant has the same dimensions as
1) Bohr’s constant 2) Rydberg’s constant that of
3) Planck’s constant 4) Ritz constant 1) power 2) work
66. The radiation having maximum wave length is 3) radiant energy 4) angular momentum.
1) Ultraviolet rays 2) Radio waves 74. Which of the following relates to photons both
3) X-rays 4) Infra-red rays as wave motion and as a stream of particles?
67. Which one of the following is having more wave 1) interference 2) E mc 2
number 3) diffraction 4) E = hv
1) Red 2) Blue 3) Green 4) Violet PRACTICE QUESTIONS
68. The product of which of the following is equal to 75. As the frequency of the light increases, the
the velocity of light momentum of its Photon
1) wave length and wave number 1) increases 2) decreases
2) wave length and frequency 3) remains same 4) cannot be predicted
3) frequency and wave number MODEL QUESTIONS
4) wave length and amplitude PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT
69. The number of photons of light having wave 76. The kinetic energy of the ejected electrons in pho-
number x in 1 J of energy source is (Planck’s toelectric effect is
constant = h, velocity of light = c) 1) Directly proportional to the frequency of the
incident radiation
x 1 2) Inversely proportional to the frequency of the
1) hcx 2) hc/x 3) 4)
hc hcx incident radiation
3) Not related to the frequency of the incident
radiation
4) All the above
20 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
77. Assertion(A): The kinetic energy of the photo 82. Visible light photons do not show Compton
electron ejected increases with increase in in- effect because they
tensity of incident light. 1) Move very slowly
Reason(R): Increase in intensity of incident light 2) Have no momentum
increases the rate of emission. 3) Have very less mass
1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct 4) Have larger wavelength
explanation of (A)
83. Photoelectric effect of the phenomenon in which
2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the 1) Photon comes out of a metal when it is hit
correct explanation of (A)
by a beam of electrons
3) (A) is true but (R) is false
2) Photons come out of the nucleus of an atomic
4) (A) is false but (R) is true
under the action of an electric field
78. Assertion(A): Threshold frequency is a charac-
3) Electrons come out of a metal with a constant
teristic for a metal
velocity which depends on the frequency and
Reason(R): Threshold frequency is a maximum
frequency required for the ejection of electron from
intensity of incident light we have
the metal surface. 4) Electrons come out of metal with different
1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct velocities not greater than a certain value
explanation of (A) which depends only on the frequency of the
2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the incident light wave and not on its intensity
correct explanation of (A) PRACTICE QUESTIONS
3) (A) is true but (R) is false 1
4) (A) is false but (R) is true 84. In the equation hv hvo me v 2 , vo is
2
known as
79. Photo electric emission is observed from a
1) work function
surface for frequencies v1 and v2 the KE in
2) velocity of ejected electron
two cases are in ratio 1 : K, then the threshold 3) threshold frequency
frequency v0 is given by 4) frequency of photon
v2 v1 Kv1 v2 85. Photo electric effected is not observed in case of
1) 2) 1) Potassium 2) Rubidium
K 1 K 1
3) Magnesium 4) Cesium
Kv2 v2 v2 v2
3) 4) 86. If 0 is the threshold wavelength for
K 1 K
80. Light of wavelength 1 shines on a metal surface photoelectric emission, the wavelength of light
with intensity x and the metal emits y electrons falling on the surface of a metal and m is the
per second of average energy, z. What will mass of the elctron, then the velocity of ejected
happen to y and z if x is doubled? electron is given by
1) y will be doubled and z will become half 1/ 2 1/ 2
2h 2hc
2) y will remian same and z will be doubled 1) 2) 0
3) both y and z will be doubled m m
4) y will be doubled but z will remain same 1/ 2 1/ 2
2hc 0 2hc 1 1
81. The kinetic energy of electrons ejected by using 3) 4)
light having frequency equal to threshold m 0 m 0
frequency n0 is : 87. The photoelectric emission from a surface starts
only when the light incident upon the surface
1) hv0 2) Almost zero has certain minimum
3) very large 4) h / v0 1) intensity 2) wavelength
3) frequency 4) velocity
21 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
102. The electronic transition that emits maximum 114 The wave length of the radiation emitted by
energy is [n = represents orbit] Hydrogen when compared to He+ is
1) 2 times that of He+ ion
1) n5 n4 2) n4 n3
2) 3 times that of He+ ion
3) n2 n1 4) n3 n2 3) 4 times that of He+ ion 4) Same as He+
103. The wave number of the H - line in Balmer series 115. Among the first lines Lyman, Balmer, Paschen
and Brackett series in hydrogen atomic spectra
of hydrogen spectrum is which has higher energy? (E-1999)
1) 5R / 36 2) 3R / 16 3) 21R / 100 4) 3R / 4 1) Lyman 2) Balmer
104. If the mass of the electron is reduced to half the 3) Paschen 4) Brackett
Rydberg constant 116. Assertion(A): Line spectrum of Li 2 and He
1) remains unchanged 2) becomes half are identical
3) becomes double 4) becomes one Reason(R): Isoelectronic species produce iden-
fourth tical spectrum
105. Rydberg constant is 1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
1) Same for all elements explanation of (A)
2) Different for different elements 2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A)
3) A universal constant
3) (A) is true but (R) is false
4) Is different for lighter elements but same for 4) (A) is false but (R) is true
heavier elements
MODEL QUESTIONS
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
BOHRS MODEL OF HYDROGEN ATOM
106. Values of n1 and n2 for H spectral line in the
hydrogen emission spectrum 117. For the electron moving in the circular orbit in the
1) 1 and 2 2) 2 and 3 3) 3 and 2 4) 2 and 4 hydrogen atom, the forces of attraction of the
107. Which of the following gives neither emission nucleus is balanced by the force equal to
spectrum nor absorption spectrum
1 2 mV 2 e 2 m
1) He+ 2) H2 3) H+ 4) He 1) mV 2) 3) 4) 2
108. In hydrogen spectrum, the spectral line of Balmer 2 r 2r Vr
series having lowest wavelength is 118. The ratio between potential energy and total
energy of an electron in H-atom according to Bohr
1) H - line2) H - line 3) H - line 4) H -line
atom
109. The following electronic transition corresponds 1) 1 : -1 2) 1 : 1 3) 1 : 2 4)2: 1
to the shortest wave length (n = no. of orbit) 119. The ratio of the radius of the Bohr orbit for the
1) n5 n1 2) n5 n3 electron orbiting the hydrogen nucleus that of the
3) n5 n2 4) n5 n4 electron orbiting the deuterium nucleus is
approximately
110. In hydrogen spectrum the following series of lines
belongs to U.V. region 1) 1 2) 1 : 2 3) 2 : 1 4) 1 : 4
1) Balmer series 2) Paschen series 120. The change in velocity when hydrogen electron
3) Bracket series 4) Lyman series jumps from K shell to L shell is
111. When the electron jumps from n = 5 to n = 2 1) one-half of its original velocity
level, the spectral line observed in the hydrogen 2) twice to its original velocity
spectrum belongs to 3) one-quarter of its original velocity
1) Balmer series 2) Lyman series
4) equal to its original velocity
3) Bracket series 4) Pfund series
112. Normal hydrogen atoms can not give 121. For the electron moving in the circular orbit in the
1) absorption spectrum 2) line spectrum hydrogen atom, the force of attraction of the
3) band spectrum 4) atomic spectrum nucleus is balanced by the force equal to
113. Which of the following transition is associated 1) 1/2 mv2 2) - mv2/r
with coloured spectral line 3) - e2/2r 4) m/vr2
1) n = 5 to n = 3 2) n = 4 to n = 2
3) n = 2 to n = 1 4) n = 3 to n = 1
23 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
n2 h 2
D) Radius 4)
4π 2 mz e 2
1 h2
2) n2
4 m Ze / 4 0
2 2
4π 2 mz 2 e 4
5)
n2 h 2
4 2 mh2 1 4 2 mh2
2
The correct match is
3) n 4) n 2
Ze / 4 0 Ze / 4 0
2 2
1) A = 2 B = 4 C = 5 D = 1
2) A = 2 B = 1 C = 3 D = 4 128. The ionization energy of H atom is x kJ. The
3) A = 3 B = 2 C = 1 D = 4
enrgy required for the elctron to jump from n =
2 to n =3 will be :
4) A = 4 B = 3 C = 1 D = 5 1) 5x 2) 36x/5 3) 5x/36 4) 9x/4
125. List - I List - II 129. Choose the incorrect relation on the basis of
Bohr’s theory :
I) hν W K.E a) Quantization of
1
angular momentum 1) Velocity of electron
n
II) E hν b)Wave numbers of
1
Balmer series 2) Frequency of revolution
n3
1 1 3) Radius of orbit n 2 Z
III) ν R 2
2 c) Quantum theory
2 n 1
4) Force on electron 4
n
24 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
130. As an electron is brought from an infinite 138. When a hydrogen atom is raised from the
ground state to an excited state.
distance close of nucleus of the atom, the energy
1) Both kinetic energy and potential energy de-
of electron crease
1) increases to a grater +ve value 2) Potential energy increases and kinetic
2) decreases to a smaller +ve value energy decreases
3) increases to a grater -ve value 3) Potential energy decreases and kinetic
4) decreases to a smaller -ve value energy increases
131. If RH is the Rydberg constant, then the energy 4) Both kinetic energy and potential energy
increase
of an electron in the ground state of Hydrogen 139. The minimum energy required to eject an electron
atom is from an atom is called
1 1) Kinetic energy 2) Electrical energy
RH C hc
1) 2) R 3) 4) RH hc 3) Chemical energy 4) Work function
h H ch RH 140. The radius of an orbit in hydrogen atom is equal
to
PRACTICE QUESTIONS 1) n2h2 / 4 2 m Ze2 2) 2 Ze2 / nh
132. E value is maximum in 3) 2 2mZ2e4 / n2h2 4) -2 2mZ2e2 / n2h2
1) E2 - E1 = E 2) E3 - E2 = E 141. The angular momentum of the electron in the M-
shell of H atom is
3) E4 - E3 = E 4) E5 - E4 = E 1) 3h/2 2) Mh/2
133. Energy difference between two adjacent orbits is 3) h/2 4) 2h/2
minimum if they are
1) K, L - shells 2) L, M - shells
142. The total energy of the electron in any orbit of
3) M, N - shells 4) N, O - shells
one electron containing species is given by the
134. Bohr’s model of atom can explain the spectrum expression
of all except
1) H 2) He+ 3) Li++ 4) He 1) e 2 / r 2 2) n 2 h 2 / 2 2 Z 2 e 4 m
135. Transition of electron from M-shell to K-shell 3) 2 2 mZ 2 e 4 / n 2 h 2 4) nh / 2
results in the emission of
143.. The potential energy of electron, revolving in an
1) Cosmic rays 2) Infrared rays orbit of radius ‘r’ in the atom with atomic number
3) ultraviolet rays 4) X-rays Z is
136. Which of the following electron transition in 1) Ze2/r 2) -Ze2/r
hydrogen atom will require the energy equivalent 2 2
3) Ze /r 4) mv2/r
to its ionization energy ? 144. The value of the total energy of an electron in the
1) from n = 1 to n = 2 2) from n = 2 to n =3 hydrogen atom is given by
3) from n = 1 to n = 3 4) from n = 1 to n 1) mv2 2) 1/2 mv2
137. Which of the following is correct 2
3) - e /2r 4) - mv/r2
145. The angular momentum of an electron in an atom
Ze2 depends on
1) Potential energy of revolving electron
r 1) m 2) l 3) n 4) all the three
146. Properties of electrons that are quantized in
Ze 2 Bohr’s atomic model are
2) Kinetic energy of revolving electron 1) mass and energy
2r
2) energy and angular momentum
Ze2 3) angular momentum and mass
3) Total energy of revolving electron 4) mass and charge
2r
147.. When the atomic electron is at infinite distance
4) All the above from the nucleus, its energy is
1) infinity 2) zero 3) negative 4) positive
25 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
1) e 2 / 4 2 2)
156. Assertion(A): The angular momentum of an elec- 0 h3 c
tron in an atom is quantised
2
Reason(R): In an atom only those orbits are
3)
e 2
/ 4 0 2 2 mh3c
4) 2
permitted in which angular momentum of the elec- e / 4 0
2 2 mh3c
26 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
161. The wave length of a spectral line for an 166. Assertion(A): The faster a particle moves, the
electronic transition is inversely related to greater its momentum and the shorter is the wave
length that is associated with it.
1) velocity of electron undergoing transition
2) number of elctrons undergoing transaction h
3) the difference in energy levels involved in Reason(R): Because λ and P mv
p
the transition 1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
4) none of these explanation of (A)
162. The potential energy of an electron present in 2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the
the ground state of Li 2 ion is : correct explanation of (A)
3) (A) is true but (R) is false
3e 2 3e 4) (A) is false but (R) is true
1) 2) 4 r 167. Among the following particles, which will have
4 0 r 0
the shortest wavelength when accelerated by
3e 2 3e2 one million eV?
3) 4) 1) Neutron 2) Tritium atom
4 0 r 4 0 r 2 3) -particle 4) Electron
163. The velocity of electron in first orbit of H-atom 168. If moving with equal speeds, the longest
as compared to the velocity of light is : wavelength of the following matter waves is that
for a (an)
1 1 1 1) Electron 2) -particle
1) th 2) th 3) th 4) same
10 100 1000 3) Proton 4) Neutron
164. When greater number of excited hydrogen 169. If Ee , E , and E p represents the kinetic
atoms reach the ground state, then energies of an electron alpha particle and a
1) more number of lines are found in Lyman proton respectively, each moving with same de
series Broglie wavelength then :
2) the intensity of lines in Balmer series increase
1) Ee E E p 2) Ee E E p
3) the intensity of lines in Lyman series increase
4) both the intensity and number of lines in 3) E EP Ee 4) Ee E p E
Lyman series increases 170. An electron, a proton and an alpha particle
MODEL QUESTIONS have K.E. of 16E, 4E and E respectively. What
DE BROGILE’S HYPOTHESIS, HEISENBERG’S is the qualitative order of their de-Broglie
UNCERTAINITY PRINCIPLE wavelengths :
165. List - I List - II 1) c p 2) p e
Ze 2 3) p c 4) e p
A) nodal plane 1)
2r 171. Wavelength of an electron is equal led by it in
one second, then correct relation is
h
B) p-orbital 2) λ h h
mv
1) 2)
C) deBroglie 3) Spherical p p
D) Kinetic energy 4) Probability of finding
of electron an electron is zero
h h
3) 4)
5) Dumb bell m m
The correct match is 172. Wave properties are only important for particles
A B C D A B C D having
1) 4 5 2 1 2) 2 4 3 5 1) high mass and low velocities
3) 1 5 3 2 4) 3 1 4 2 2) low mass and no velocity
3) high mass and high velocities
4) low mass and high velocities
27 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
MODEL QUESTIONS
192. List - I List - II
SCHRODINGER WAVE EQUATION
A) No of electrons present in 1) 2
185. The electron density of 3d xy orbital in YZ plane an orbit
is B) Number of orbitals in an 2) n
1) 50 % 2) 95 % orbit
3) 33.33 % 4) Zero C) Number of electrons in 3) n2
186. The orbital that has equal number of nodal spaces an orbital
and nodal planes
D) Number of sub shells 4) 2n 2
1) 2p 2) 3p 3) 4p 4) 5p
in an orbit
187. In the plots of radial distribution function for the
hydrogen 3s orbital versus ‘r’, the no. of peaks 5) n+1
are The correct match is
1) 3 2) 2 3) 1 4) 0 A B C D A B C D
188 Which one of the following expressions repre- 1) 4 2 1 3 (2) 1 2 3 4
sent the electron probability function (D) (M-2003) 3) 4 3 1 2 (4) 5 1 3 4
193. List - I List - II
1) 4r dr 2 2) 4r 2 dr I) Radial probability a) 1.1A 0
3) 4r 2 dr 2 4) 4r dr distribution curve of
3s orbital
189. According to aufbau principle the electron has a II) Distance of maximum b)1s orbital
tendency to occupy that subshell which has......... probability of 1s electron
energy. (E-93) III) Radial node for a c) 3 peaks,
1) lowest 2) highest 2s electron 2 radial nodes
3) no energy 4) both 1 and 2 IV) No spherical nodes d) 0.53A 0
190. Assertion(A): A spectral line will be observed for The correct match is
a 2Px 2Py transition I II III IV I II III IV
1) a b c d 2) c d a b
3) b a d c 4) d a b c
Reason(R): The energy of 2Px and 2Py 194. Consider the following statement
orbitals is the same I) Splitting of spectral lines in magnetic field is
1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct due to the presence of degenerate orbitals
explanation of (A) II) In presence of electric field energy value of
2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the Px , Py and Pz of same orbit are different
correct explanation of (A) III) Degenerate orbitals differs only in their
3) (A) is true but (R) is false orientation
4) (A) is false but (R) is true The correct combination is
1) I,II 2) II,III 3) I,II,III 4) I,III
191. Assertion(A): The Px orbital has maximum elec-
tron density along the x axis and its nodal plane 195. The number of nodal points in the plot of Rn ,0
is yz plane versus r is equal to the value of
Reason(R): For a given atom, for all values of n, 1) n 2) l 3) n-l 4) n-(l+a)
the p-orbitals have the same shape, but the over- 196. In an orbital, the signs of lobes indicate the
all size increase as n increases 1) sign of the wave function
1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct 2) sign of the probability distribution
explanation of (A) 3) presence or absence or electron
2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the 4) sign of charge
correct explanation of (A)
3) (A) is true but (R) is false
4) (A) is false but (R) is true
29 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
227. Which of the following statements on the atomic 235. The shape of an orbital is decided by
wave function is not correct? 1) Radial wave function
1) may be a real valued wave function 2) Angular wave function
2) may be in some cases be a complex 3) Magnetic quantum number
function 4) Spin quantum number
3) has a mathematical significance only 236. Choose the incorrect statement :
4) is proportional to the probability of finding 1) The shape of an atomic orbital depends upon
an electron the azimuthal quantum number
MODEL QUESTIONS 2) The orientation of an atomic orbitals depend
QUANTUM NUMBERS upon the magnetic quantum number
228. A neutral atom of an element has two ‘K’ eight ‘L’ 3) The energy of an electron in an atomic orbital
nine ‘M’ and two ‘N’ electrons. The total number of multi-electron atom depends on principal
of electrons present in the orbitals having l value quantum number.
1 are
4) The number of degenerate atomic orbitals
1) 6 2) 8 3) 10 4) 12
of one type depends on the value of
229. The quantum number which cannot say any thing
about an orbital is azimuthal and magnetic quantum numbers.
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
1) n 2) l 3) m 4) s
237. The minimum angular momentum of an electron
230. An impossible set of four quantum number of an
electron is with the magnetic quantum -1, 0, +1
1) n = 4, l = 2, m = -2, s = + 1/2 3h 3h
2) n = 4, l = 0, m = 0, s = +1/2 1) 2) h / 3) 2 / h 4)
3) n = 3, l = 2, m = -3, s = + 1/2 238. The m value not possible for a double dumbell-
4) n = 5, l = 3, m = 0, s = - 1/2 shaped orbital is
231. An orbital made of four lobes can have the following 1) 0 2) -2 3) +3 4) -1
quantum numbers
239. The quantum number l and the number of electrons
1) n = 2, l = 2, m = 0 2) n = 3, l = 1, m = -2 (n) in the sub level are related by
3) n = 3, l = 2, m = 0 4) n = 3, l = 3, m = -3 1) n = 2l + l 2) l = 2n + l
232. For the azimuthal quantum number ‘l’ the total 2
number of magnetic quantum numbers is given 3) n = 4l + 2 4) n 2 l
by 240. Number of electrons of manganese with magnetic
( m 1) m 1 quantum number value ‘0’ is
1) l 2) l 1) 1 2) 8 3) 12 4) 13
2 2
241. How many sets of four quantum numbers are
2m 1 2m 1 possible for electrons present in He2- anion
3) l 4) l 1) 2 2) 4 3) 5 4) 7
2 2
242. If the azimuthal quantum number (K) value
233. n and l values of an orbital A or 3 and 2 of an- increases, the ellipticity of the path in which the
other orbital B are 5 and 0. The energy of electron moves
1) B is more than A 2) A is more than B
1) increases 2) decreases
3) A and B are same
3) remains constant
4) A is four times than B
4) first increases and then decreases
234. Ruther ford’s experiment, which established the
243. The principal quantum number (n) and azimuthal
nuclear model of the atom used a beam of quantum number (k) for the circular path present
1) -particles which impinged on a metal foil in the fourth main energy level are
and got absorbed 1) n = 4, k = 1 2) n = 4, k = 2
2) -rays, which impinged on a metal foil and 3) n = 4, k = 3 4) n = 4, k = 4
ejected electrons 244. The quantum number which determines the
3) helium atoms, which impinged on a metal number of sub-energy levels in any main energy
foil and got scattered level is
4) helium nuclei, which impinged on a metal foil 1) n 2) l 3) m 4) s
and got scattered
32 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
245. The quantum number which determines the 259. In order to designate an orbital in an atom the no.
energy of a sublevel is of quantum no. required
1) n 2) l 1) One 2) Two 3) Three 4) Four
3) both n and l 4) neither n nor l
246. The sub-energy level having minimum energy is 260. A 3d electron having s = + 1/2 can have a
1) 3d 2) 5p 3) 4s 4) 4p
magnetic quantum number
247. Among the various quantum numbers (n, l, m, s)
describing an electron which can have the largest 1) + 2 2) + 3 3) - 3 4) - 4
value 261. The angular momentum of an electron due to its
1) n 2) l 3) m 4) s spin is given by
248. The quantum number that was proposed to explain h h
the Zeeman effect is 1) s s 1 2) s s 1
2 2
1) m 2) l 3) s 4) n
249. The direction of spin of an electron is represented h 2
by 3) 4) s s 1
2 h
1) n 2) l 3) m 4) s
262. The number of orbitals present in any main energy
250. The sub-energy level which can accommodate
maximum number of electrons with parallel spin level is equal to
values is 1) n 2) n2 3) 2n2 4) n + l
1) 4p 2) 6s 3) 3d 4) 6p
251. The electrons occupying the same orbital have 263 The number of sub-energy levels present in any
the same values for all the quantum number main energy level is equal to
except for
1) n 2) n + 1 3) n - 1 4) n2
1) n 2) l 3) m 4) s
264. The quantum number which determines the
252. The magnetic quantum number for the outermost
orientation of electron orbit is
electron in sodium atom is
1) n 2) l 3) m 4) s
1) -2 2) 0 3) +1 4) -1
253. The azimuthal quantum number and the principal 265. The m value not possible for a 4f-electron is
quantum number of the 17th electron are 1) -4 2) +3 3) 0 4) -2
1) l = 1, n = 3 2) l = 3, n = 2 266. The quantum number in which the valence
3) l = 1, n = 17 4) l = 2, n = 1 electrons of magnesium differs in
254. The quantum numbers n = 3, l = 1, m = +1 and 1) m 2) n 3) l 4) s
s = +1/2 represent the unpaired electron present 267. The azimuthal quantum number of an electron is
in one. The shape of the orbital is
1) Sodium atom 2) Aluminium atom 1) spherical 2) dumb bell
3) Fluorine atom 4) Potassium atom 3) double dumb bell 4) highly complicated
255. The azimuthal quantum number of a non-
268. The lowest orbital in which an electron with
directional orbital is
Azimuthal quantum no. value 3 is
1) 0 2) 1 3) -1 4) +1/2
1) 4 2) 5 3) 1 4) 6
256 The quantum levels upto n = 3 has
1) s, p electrons 2) s, p, d, electrons
3) s electrons 4) s,p,d,f electrons 269. The max. number of electron that can be
257 The orbital with maximum number of possible accomodated in all the orbitals for which l = 3 is
orientations (E-91)
1) s 2) p 3) d 4) f 1) 2 2) 6 3) 10 4) 14
258. ‘n’ and ‘l’ values of an orbital ‘A’ are 3 and 2 and 270. Which is correct with respect to 'p' orbitals(E-90)
of another orbital ‘B’ are 5 and 0. The energy is 1) They are spherical
1) B is more than A 2) They have a strong directional character
2) A is more than B 3) They are five fold degenerate
3) A and B are of same energy
4) They have no directional character
4) All the above
33 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
271. When there are two electrons in the same or- 277. The orbital diagram in which the aufbau
bital, they have...............................spins. principle is violated is
1) Equal 2) Opposite 2s 2p
3) No spins 4) All the above
1)
272. List - I List - II
I) Wave number a) ms 1
2)
II) Frequency b) nM
III) Wavelength c) s 1 3)
1
IV) Velocity d) m 1 d) m 4)
The correct match is 278. The successive elements belonging to the 3d-
I II III IV I II III IV series have the same number of electrons in the
1) a b c d 2) d c b a d-sub-shell. The elements are
3) b c d a 4) c d b a 1) Ti and V 2) V and C
3) Cr and Mn 4) Mn and Fe
273. Which of the following statements on quantum
279. Number of unpaired electrons of neutral
numbers is not correct? manganese atom and its divalent ion are in the
1) Quantum numbers n, l, m and ms are needed ratio (the atomic number of manganese is 25 and
to describe an electron in an atom it loses two electrons to form the divalent ion)
completely. 1) 1 : 1 2) 25 : 23 3) 5 : 3 4) 3 : 5
2) Quantum numbers n, l, m and s are obtained 280. According to (n + l) rule after completing ‘np’ level
by solving the Schrodinger wave quation. the electron enters into
3) A subshell in an atom can be designated with 1) (n - 1)d 2) (n + 1)s 3) nd 4) (n + 1)p
two quantum numbers n and l. 281. The atomic number at which filling of a g-orbital
4) The maximum value of l is equal to n - 1 and is likely to begin is :
that of m is l . 1) 121 2) 116 3) 106 4) 124
274. The angular wave function depends upon 282. The electronic configuration with maximum
quantum numbers. exchange energy will be
1) n and l 2) l and m 3) l and m 4) m and 1) 3d 1xy 3d 1yz 3d zx1 4 s1
CONCEPTUAL QUESTIONS 2) 3d 1xy 3d 1yz 3d zx1 3d x12 y 2 3d z12 4 s1
MODEL QUESTIONS
ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION 3) 3d xy2 3d yz2 3d zx2 3d x22 y 2 3d z12 4 s1
275. The electron identified by quantum numbers 4) 3d xy2 3d yz2 3d zx2 3d x22 y 2 3d z22 4 s1
n and l
i) n = 4, l = 1 ii) n = 4, l = 0 283. Which of the following statements is incorrect ?
iii) n = 3, l = 2 iv) n = 3, l = 1 1) Extra stability of half filled and completely
can be replaced in order of increasing filled orbitals among s and p block elements
energy from the lowest to highest as is reflected in trends of IE across a period.
1) iv < ii < iii < i 2) ii < iv < i < iii 2) Extra stability of half filled and completely
3) i < iii < ii < iv 4) iii < i < iv < ii
filled orbitals among s and p block elements
is reflected in E.A. trends across a period.
276. An atom Cr has one 4s electron and five 3d
electrons. How many unpaired electrons 3) Aufbau principle is incorrect for cases where
would be in Cr 3 ? energy difference between ns and n 1 d
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4 subshell is larger
4) Extra stability to half filled subshell is due to
higher exchange energies.
34 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
3) 5.5 105 ms 1 4) 8.76 106 ms 1 4.9 eV for this orbit, the kinetic energy and
potential energy are respectively
336. The ratio of radius of 2nd and 3rd Bohr
orbit is 1) 9.8eV, 4.9 eV 2) 4.9 eV, 9.8 eV
1) 3 : 2 2) 9 : 4 3) 2 : 3 4) 4 : 9
3) 4.9 eV, 4.9 eV 4) 9.8eV, 9.8eV
337. The energy of the second Bohr orbit of hydrogen
atom is - 3.41 eV. The energy of the second orbit 345. The minimum energy required to excite a
of He+ would be hydrogen atom from its ground state
1) -0.85eV 2) -13.6eV 1) 13.6 eV 2) 13.6 eV
3) -1.70eV 4) -6.82eV
338. The ratio of energies of photons with wavelengths 3) 3.4 eV 4) 10.2 eV
2000A0 and 4000A0 is 346. The ratio of radii of the first three orbits in an
1) 1/4 2) 4 3) 1/2 •4) 2 atom is
339. The ratio of the energies of two different radiations 1) 1 : 2 : 3 2) 3 : 2 : 1
whose frequencies are 3 x 1014 Hz and 5 x 1014 3) 1 : 4 : 9 4) 9 : 4 : 1
Hz is 347. If the energy of the electron in Bohr’s first orbit is
1) 3 : 5 2) 5 : 3 3) 3 : 1 4) 5 : 1 E, then the energy of the electron in the second
340 The angular momentum of an electron present orbit is
1) E/2 2) 2E 3) E/4 4) 4E
1.5h
in the excited state of Hydrogen is . The 348. The radius of the 10th orbit in hydrogen atom is
1) 52.9 cm 2) 5.29 cm 3) 52.9A0 4) 5.29A0
electron present in (M-2006)
38 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
349. The amount of energy emitted when an electron 357. An electron is moving in Bohr’s orbit. Its deBrogile
jumps from n = 4 to n = 2 in H - atom is wavelength is . What is the circumference of
the fourth orbit ? (E-2005)
1) 4.08 1018 J 2) 0.408 1018 J
1) 2 / 2 2)
3) 40.8 1018 J 4) 2.02 1018 J
3) 4 4) 4 /
350. If the energy of the electron in the first orbit of H - 358. The de Broglie wavelength for a proton with a
atom is E, the energy of the electron in the first
velocity 15% of the speed of light is :
Bohr orbit of Li 2 ion is 1) 8.8 1012 m 2) 8.8 1015 cm
1) 4 E 2) 9 E 3) 3 E 4) 2 E
3) 8.8 1015 m 4) 4.4 10 15 cm
351. The energy of an electron present in Bohr’s sec-
ond orbit of hydrogen atom is_ ____(E-2001) 359. Uncertainty in position of a minute particle of
1) -1312J atom-1 2) -328kJ mol-1 mass 25g in space is 105 m. What is the
-1
3) -328 J mol 4) -164kJ mol-1
352. The maximum wavelength of light capable of
uncertainty in it s velocit y inms ?
1
3) n = 4, l = 1, m = 2, ms = 12
4) n = 4, l = 1, m = -1, ms = 12
40 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
382. How many 'd' electrons are present in Cr2+ ion ? 394 The correct electronic configuration of potassium
(M-2002) is (E-91)
1) 4 2) 5 3) 6 4) 3 1) 1s2 2s2 2p63s2 3p6 3d1
383. Which one of the following pairs of ions have the 2) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1
same electronic configuration? (M-2001) 3) 1s2 2s22p6 3s2 3p3 4s1 3d2
1) Cr+3, Fe+3 2) Fe+3,Mn+2 4) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 4s2 3d1
3) Fe+3,CO+3 4) Sc+3,Cr+3 395. The number of unpaired electrons in the Fe3+ ion
384. How many electrons are present in the M-shell (At no. = 26) is ..................... (E-86)
of an atom of the element with atomic number 1) 5 2) 6
Z=24? (E-2000)
3) 2 4) 5
1) 5 2) 6 3) 12 4) 13
LEVEL- II
385. Which of the following pairs of ions contain the
same number of unpaired electrons? MODEL QUESTIONS
(E-99) 396. A quantum of light having energy E has wave-
1) Ni2+, Co2+ 2) Mn2+, Fe3+ length equal to 7200 A 0 . The frequency of light
3) Mn2+, Ni2+ 4) Ti3+ , Co2+ which corresponds to energy equal to 3E, is
386. How many electrons are present in the M-shell
of the atom of an element with atomic number 1) 1.25 1014 s 1 2) 1.25 1015 s 1
24? (M-99)
3) 1.25 1013 s 1 4) 1.25 1014 s 1
1) 5 2) 6 3) 12 4) 13
387. A transition metal 'X' has a configuration [Ar] 3d4 397. The wave length of lights is 7000 A0. The no. of
in its +3 oxidation state, its atomic Number is protons required to provide 20 J of energy is
(E-90) approximately
1) 25 2) 26 3) 22 4) 19 1) 4.56 x 1018 2) 5.02 x 1018
388. Which of the following is an isoelectronic pair:
( E-89) 3) 7 x 1019 4) 4 x 107
1) K+ , Cl- 2) Na+, Cl- 3) Na+, He 4) H+, Xe PRACTICE QUESTIONS
389. Electronic configuration of 19K39 is ..(E-85) 398. A photon of radiation of wavelength 600nm has
1) 1s2 2s2 2p63s2 3p6 3d1 an energy E. The wavelength of photon of
2) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 radiation having energy 0.25 E is:
3) 1s2 2s22p6 3s2 3p3 4s1 3d2 1) 600 nm 2) 2400 nm3) 150 nm 4) 300nm
4) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 4s2 3d1 0
399. A bulb emits light of wavelength 4500 A . The
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
390. The atomic number of an element in 35. What is bulb is rated as 150 watt and 8% of the energy
the total number of electrons present in all the P- is emitted as light. How many photons are
orbitals of the ground state atom of the element emitted by the bulb per second?
(M-2003)
1) 27.2 1018 2) 2.72 1016
1) 6 2) 11 3) 17 4) 23
391. In the ground state, an element has 13 electrons 3) 27.5 104 4) 27.2 108
in its "M-shell". The element is________
(E-2001) MODEL QUESTIONS
1) Copper 2) Manganese PHOTO ELECTRIC EFFECT
400. Ultraviolet light of 6.2eV falls on aluminium sur-
3) Nickel 4) Iron
face (work function = 4.2eV). The kinetic energy
392. The atomic number (Z) on an element is 25. In in joules of the fastest electron emitted is ap-
its ground state how many electrons are present proximately
in the "N" shell? (M-2001)
1) 13 2) 2 3) 15 4) 3 1) 3 1021 2) 31019 3) 31017 4) 31015
393. Which one of the following ions has same number of
unpaired electrons as that of V3+ ion? (M-99)
1) Cr3+ 2) Mn2+ 3) Ni2+ 4) Fe3+
41 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
401. In a photoelectric effect, the energy of the
408. Hydrogen electron is excited from the 1st shell to
photon striking a metallic surface is 5.6 × 10 19 the 2 nd shell. The maximum number of
J. The kinetic energy of the ejected electrons possibilities that the electron is present with
is 12.0 × 10 20 J. The work function is : different spin values, and with different orientations
of the orbitals
1) 6.4 1019 J 2) 6.8 10 19 J
1) 1 2) 2 3) 4 4) 8
3) 4.4 10 19 J 4) 6.4 1020 J 2+
409. What electronic transition in Li produces the
402. Ultraviolet light of 6.2 eV falls on Aluminium radiation of same wavelength as the first line in
surface (work function = 4.2 eV). The kinetic the Balmer’s series of hydrogen spectrum.
energy (in joule) of the fastest electron emitted 1) n2 = 3 to n1 = 2 2) n2 = 6 to n1 = 3
is approximately 3) n2 = 9 to n1 = 6 4) n2 = 9 to n1 = 8
MODEL QUESTIONS
1) 31021 2) 31019
BOHR’S THEORY :
3) 31017 4) 31015 410. Each hydrogen atom is excited by giving 10.2
eV. The maximum number of spectral lines in
403. The work function of a photoelectric material the emission is equal to
is 3.3 eV. It threshold frequency will be 1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
1) 8 1014 Hz 2) 8 1010 Hz 411. For hydrogen atom, the energy of the electron in
13.6
3) 5 1033 Hz 4) 4 1011 Hz the nth orbit is given by E . The minimum
n2
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
quantity of energy which hydrogen atom can
404. The work function of a metal is 4.2 eV . If radia- absorb in its ground state is
tion of 2000A 0 falls on the metal, then the 1) 1.00 eV 2) 3.4 eV 3) 6.8 eV 4) 10.2 eV
kinetic energy of the fastest photo electrons is 412. The ratio of the difference in energy between the
first and the second Bohr orbit to that between
1) 1.6 10 19 J 2) 16 1010 J the second and the third Bohr orbit is
3) 3.2 10 19 J 4) 6.4 10 10 J 1) 1/2 2) 1/3 3) 4/9 4) 27/5
413. Energy level A, B, C of a centain atom corresponds
405. Treshold frequency for a metal is 5 1014 S 1 , to increasing values of energy i.e., EA < EB<EC,
calculate the K.E of exulted electron when radia- l 1, l 2, l 3 are the wav elengths of radiation
tion of frequency v 3 1015 S 1 corresponding to the transitions C to B, B to A
and C to A respectively. Which of the following
1) 16.5625 10 19 J 2) 165.625 1019 J statement is correct.
MODEL QUESTIONS
LEVEL - III
DE BROGLIE’S THEORY, HEISENBERG’S
MODEL QUESTIONS
UNCERTAINITY PRINCIPLE
FUNDAMENTAL PARTICLES
415. Uncertainty in position of a particle of 25 gram in
423. The hydride ion is isoelectronic with (AFMC- 95)
space is 105 m . Hence uncertainty in velocity 1) H+ 2) He+ 3) He 4) Be
424. Charge of the species with 17 protons, 18
(m/sec) is( h 6.6 1034 J sec )
neutrons and 18 electrons is (AIIMS 96)
1) 2.11028 2) 2.11034 1) + 1 2) - 1 3) - 2 4) None
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
3) 0.5 1034 4) 5 1024 425. The species which are isoelectronic with CO is
(IIT 91)
416. A ball of mass 200 gm is moving with velocity of
10 m.s-1. If the error in measurement of velocity 1) Cl 2) OH 3) CH 3 4) N2
is 0.1%, the uncertainity in its position is
40 1
1) 3.3. x 10-31 m 2) 3.3 x 10-27 m 426. The number of electrons in [19 K ] is
-25
3) 5.3 x 10 m 4) 2.64 x 10-32 m
(AFMC 99)
417. An electron of a velocity ‘x’ is found to have a 1) 18 2) 19 3) 20 4) 20
certain wavelength. The velocity to be MODEL QUESTIONS
possessed by the neutron to have half the de ISOTOPES & ISOBARS
Broglie wavelength possessed by electron is : 427. Many elements have non-integral masses.
1) x/1840 2) x/920 3) 3680x 4) x/3680 This is because (IIT 93)
418. The momentum of radiation of wavelength 0.33 1) their isotopes have different atomic number
nm is ……. kgm sec 1 2) their isotopes have different masses
3) their isotopes have non-integral masses
1) 2 1024 2) 2 1012 4) their constituents, protons, electrons and
neutrons combine to give fractional masses
3) 2 106 4) 2 1048 428. A neutral atom, with atomic number greater
PRACTICE QUESTIONS than one consists of (AFMC 96)
419. The two particle A and B have de Broglie wave- 1) protons only 2) protons and neutrons
lengths 1nm and 5nm respectively. If mass of A 3) neutrons and electrons
is 4 times that of mass of B, the ratio of KE of A
and B would be 4) neutrons, electrons and protons
1) 5 : 1 2) 25 : 4 3) 20 : 1 4) 5 : 4 429. Difference in 17Cl35 and 17Cl37 is of
420. A particle ‘A’ moving with a certain velocity (AFMC 2000)
1) no. of protons 2) no. of neutrons
has a de Broglie wavelength of 1 A0 . If the 3) no. of electrons 4) atomic number
particle B has mass 25% of that ofA and velocity PRACTICE QUESTIONS
75% of that of A then de-Broglie wavelength 430. Pick out the isoelectronic structure from the fol-
of B will be approximately. lowing : (IIT 93)
I : CH3+ II : H3O+ III : NH3 IV : CH3-
1) 1.6 A0 2) 5.3 A0 3) 3.5 A0 4) 5.9 A0
1) I and II 2) III and IV
MODEL QUESTIONS
3) I and III 4) II, III and IV
SCHRODINGER’S WAVE EQUATION
431 Substances having same number of electrons
421. The number of radial nodes, nodel planes for an but different mass are (AFMC92)
orbital with n = 4 ; l = 1 is
1) isotopes 2) isobars
1) 3, 1 2) 2, 1 3) 2, 0 4) 4, 0
3) isotones 4) allotropes
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
422. For a 2s orbital the radial node is at a distance of
1) 0.53 A0 2) 1.1 A0 3) 2.6 A0 4) 4. 3 A0
43 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
446. The wave number of first line in Balmer series of remains in an allowed orbital
Hydrogen is 15,200 cm-1 the wave number of 455. If the speed of electron in the Bohr’s first orbit
first line in Balmer series of Be 3+ of hydrogen in x, the speed in the third orbit
1) 2.43 X 10 5cm-1 2) 3.43 X105cm-1 is (IIT 90)
3) 4.43 X 10 5cm-1 4) 5.43 X 10 5cm-1 1) x/9 2) x/3 3) 3x 4) 9x
PRACTICE QUESTIONS 456. According to Bohr's theory, the angular momen-
447. In the Bohr series of lines of hydrogen emission tum for an electron of 5th orbit is;
spectrum, the third line from the red end (BHU-92)
corresponds to which one of the following inter- 1) 10h/ 2) 5h / 2
orbit jumps of the electron ? 3) 25h/ 4) 5 /2h
1) 3 2 2) 5 2 3) 4 1 4) 2 5 457. Calculate the energy emitted when electrons of
448. The wave number of first line of Balmer series of 1.0 gram atom of hydrogen undergo transition
H-atom is 15200 cm-1. The wave number of first giving the spectral line of lowest wave energy in
Balmer line of Li2+ ion is (IIT 92) the visible region of its atomic spectrum.
1) 15200 cm-1 2) 60800 cm-1 (Roorkee93)
3) 76000 cm-1 4) 136,800cm-1 1) n2 = 3 to n1 = 2 ; E = 182.8 KJ
449. Spectrum produced due to the transition of an 2) n2 = 2 to n1 = 1 ; E = 155.8 KJ
electron from M to L shell is 3) n2 = 3 to n1 = 1 ; E = 180.8 KJ
(AFMC 90) 4) n2 = 4 to n1 = 2 ; E = 182.5 KJ
1) absorption 2) emission 458. In Bohr series of lines of hydrogen spectrum, the
3) X-rays 4) continuous third line from the red end corresponds to which
one of the following inter-orbit jumps of the elec-
MODEL QUESTIONS
tron for Bohr orbits is an atom of hydrogen.
BOHR’S THEORY 2002 A.I.E.E.E.
450. In a certain electronic transition in the hydrogen
1)52 2) 4 1
atom from an initial state (1) to a final state (2),
3) 2 5 4) 3 2
the difference in the orbital radius r1 r2 is 24
459. With increasing atomic number of a single
times the first Bohr radius. Identify the transition.
electron species, the energy difference between
1) 5 1 2) 25 1 3) 8 3 4) 1 5
two orbits
451. In an atom, two electrons move round the nucleus
in circular orbits of radii R and 4R. The ratio of
1) increases 2) decreases
the time taken by them to complete one revolution 3) remains constant
is 4) first increases followed by a decrease
1) 1:4 2) 4:1 3) 1:8 4) 8:1 460. The energy of different between the states n =
452. When a hydrogen atom emits a photon of energy 2 and n = 3 is e eV, in Hydrogen atom. The
12.1 eV, the oribital angular monetum changes ionization potential of H atom is
by
1) 3.2 E 2) 7.2 E 3) 5.6 E 4) 13.2 E
h 3h h 2h
1) 2) 3) 4) PRACTICE QUESTIONS
2 2
461. The radius of the hydrogen atom in the ground
453. Energy of electron moving in the second orbit of o
of He ion is state is 0.53 A . The radius of 3 Li 2 ion in the
1) -13.6ev 2) -3.4 ev 3) -1.51 ev 4) -0.84 similar state is
o o
454. According to Bohr’s theory of hydrogen atom 1) 1.06 A 2) 0.265 A
(IIT 91) o o
1) there is only fixed set of allowed orbitals for 3) 0.17 A 4) 0.53 A
the electron 462. A hydrogen-like atom has one electron revolving
2) the allowed orbitals of the electrons are round a stationary nucleus. The energy required
elliptical in shape to excite the electron from the 2nd to the 3rd
3) the moment of an electron from one allowed orbit is 47.2 eV. The atomic number (Z) of the
to another allowed orbital is forbidden atom is
4) no light is emitted as long as the electron 1) 3 2) 4 3) 5 4) 6
45 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
467. According to Bohr’s theory of hydrogen atom, 475. The de Broglie’s wavelength of a tennis ball of
which of the following is quantised for an mass 60 gm moving with a velocity of 10 metres
electron ? (AFMC 99) per second is appoximately
1) acceleration 2) velocity 1) 10-31 m 2) 10-16 m
3) angular momentum 3) 10 -25 4) 10-33 m
4) angular acceleration 476 The incertainly in position of particle of 25gm in
space is 10-5 m. Hence uncertainty in velocity
MODEL QUESTIONS (ms-1) is
DE-BROGLIE’S HYPOTHESIS, HEISENBERG’S
1) 2.1 x 10-28 2) 2. 1 x 10-34
UNCERTAINITY PRINCIPLE
3) 0.5 x 10-34 4) 5.0 x 10-24
468. Diffraction of the electron beam is an evidence of
the fact that MODEL QUESTIONS
1) electrons repel each other SCHRODINGER’S WAVE EQUATION
2) light has wave properties 477. Which of the following d orbitals has a diagonal
nodal plane ?
3) electron has wave property
4) electron has momentum 1) d xy 2) d yz 3) d zx 4) d x 2 y2
46 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
507. The ionization enthalpy of hydrogen atom is closer to the nucleus, Yes 1s 7 is not observed
6 1
1.312 10 J mol . The energy required to because it violates (2002)
excite the electron in the atom from n = 1 to n =2 1) Heisenberg uncertainty principle
is 2) Hund's rule
1) 9.84 105 J mol 1 2) 8.51 105 J mol 1 3) Pauli exclusion principle
4) Bohr postulate of stationary orbits
3) 6.56 105 J mol 1 4) 7.56 105 J mol 1
508. A 3p orbital has (1995-1 Mark)
513. The number of radial nodes of 3s and 2 p
1) two non spherical nodes orbitals are respectively (2005)
2) two spherical nodes 1) 2, 0 2) 0, 2 3) 1,2 4) 2,1
3) one spherical and non-spherical node
4) one spherical and two non-spherical nodes LEVEL – V
509. The wavelength associated with a golf ball MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION WITH
weighing 200g and moving at speed of 5m/h ONE OR MORE THAN ONE COR
is of the order RECT ANSWER
(2001) 76
514. An isotone of Ge is (1984-1 Mark)
1) 10 m 2) 10 20 m 3) 10 30 m 4)
10
32
1040 m 77 77 77 78
510. The quantum numbers +1/2 and -1/2 for the 1) Ge 2) As 3) Se Se
4)
32 33 34 34
electron spin represent (2001)
1) rotation of the electron in clockwise and 515. Many elements have non-integral atomic
anticlockwise direction respectively masses because (1984-1 Mark)
2) rotation of the electron in anticlockwise 1) they have isotopes
and clockwise direction respectively 2) their isotopes have non-integral masses
3) magnetic moment of the electron pointing 3) their isotopes have different masses
up and down respectively 4) the constituents, neutrons, protons and
4) two quantum mechanical spin states which electrons, combine to give fractional masses
have no classical analogue 516. When alpha particles are sent through a thin
511. Rutherford's experiment, which established metal foil because (1984-1 Mark)
the nuclear model of the atom, used a beam 1) alpha particles are much heavier than
of (2002) electrons
2) alpha particles are much heavier than
1) -particles, which impinged on a metal electrons
foil and got absorbed 3) most part of the atom is empty space
2) -rays, which impinged on a metal foil 4) alpha particles move with high velocity
and ejected electrons 517. The sum of the number of neutrons and
3) helium atoms, which impinged on a metal protons in the isotope of hydrogen is
foil and got scattered 1) 6 2) 2 3) 4 4) 3
4) helium nuclei, which impinged on a metal 518. The energy of an electron in the first Bohr
foil and got scattered orbit of H atom is -13.6 eV. The possible
512. If the nitrogen atom has electronic configura- energy value(s) of the excited state(s) for
tion 1s 7 , it would have energy lower than that electrons in Bohr orbits of hydrogen is (are)
of hte normal ground state configuration (1998-2 Marks)
1) -3.4 eV 2) -4.2 eV 3) -6.8 eV 4) -1.5
1s 2 2 s 2 2 p 3 , because the electrons would be
eV
49 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
527. If the electron is travelling with one-third the 530. The element which has least work function
speed of light, the uncertainty in momentum value is
will be 1) Copper 2) Iron
1) very loss 2) almost 50% 3) Rubidium 4) Caesium
3) very high 4) almost the same 531.Kinetic energy of photoelectrons increases
528. In the large scale world, we often like to think with
that the degree of accuracy is fixed by the 1) Increase in intensity of incident light
limits of our measuring instruments. These 2) Increase in wavelength of incident light
seams to be no way round the limits ex- 3) Decrease in frequency of incident light
pressed by the uncertainity principle. In the 4) Increase in frequency of incident light
large scale world, the effective value of MATRIX MATCH TYPE
Plank’s constant can be expected to be Following questions contains statements
given in two columns. Which have to be
1) same 2) less than the actual
matched. Statements (A,B,C,D) in column I
3) zero 4) very high
have to be matched with statements
In 1887, H.Hertz performed a very interest-
(P,Q,R,S) in column II
ing experiment in which electrons (or electric
532. Column-I Column-II
current) were ejected when certain metals
A) 7s P) Maximum energy
(for example potassium, rubidium, caesium B) 4d Q) Maximum number
etc.) were exposed to a beam of light. The of electrons
phenomenon is called Photoelectric effect. C) 5d R) 3 sub shells
The results observed in this experiment were. D) 4p S) Minimum number
fo orbitals
The electrons are ejected from the metal 533. Column-I Column-II
surface as soon as the beam of light strikes A) Radial function(R) P) Principle quantum
the surface, i.e., there is no time lag between number
the striking of light of beam and the ejection B) Angular function( ) Q) Azimutal quantum
of electrons from the metal surface. number
C) Angular function ( )R) Magnetic quantum
The number of electrons ejected is propor-
number
tional to the intensity or brightness of light
D) Qunatised angular S) Spin quantum
For each metal, ther is a characteristic
momentum number
minimum frequency, v0 (also known as
threshold frequency) below which photoelec-
tric effect is not observed. At a frequency
v v0 , the ejected electrons come out with
certain kinetic energy. The kinetic energies of
these electrons increase with the increase of
frequency of the light used.
529 The element which shows greater tendency of
photoelectric effect
1) Sodium 2) Potassium
3) Magnesium 4) Caesium
51 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
47. Protium 11 H 1
48. Tritium is radio active in nature.
N
hcx
49. Conceptual 70. Conceptual
50. Conceptual 71. Conceptual
51. isobars differ in their mass number (no of 72. According to planck’s quantum theory energy
neucleons) is released discontinuously in the form of small
52. In a nutral atom pockets called quanta.
no .of electrons = Z 73. Conceptual
no. of protans = Z 74. Conceptual
no of neutrons = A-Z
53. no. of neutrans =A-Z h
75. P
2
1 H contains no. of neutrans = 2-1
=1 v
54. Conceptual but
55. Conceptual c
56. Conceptual hv
57. Conceptual P
58. Conceptual c
59. nucleus is stationary P v
1 76. As frequency of incident radiation increases KE
60. E of photo electron increases and KE is indepen-
dent of intensity of radiation.
61. Conceptual 77. Conceptual
62. Conceptual 78. The minimum frequency required to eject an
63. all electromagnetic radiations travells with electron from the surface of metal is called
same Velocity. threshold frequency.
64.
79. hv1 hv0 1 h v1 v0 1 ----------------(1)
hv2 hv0 k h v2 v0 k -------------- (2)
(1)
(2)
1 v1 v0
Ec EA Ec EB EB EA K v2 v0
hc hc hc v2 v0 Kv1 Kv0
3 1 2 Kv0 v0 Kv1 v2
1 1 1
v0 K 1 Kv1 v2
3 1 2
Kv1 v2
v0
3 1 2 K 1
1 2 80. no. of photo electrons ejected intensity of
radiation but KE is independent of intensity of
E hv radiation.
65. h (Planck’s constant)
v v 81. If v v0 The energy of incident radiation is
66. Conceptual
67. In VIBGYOR from violet to red wave number sufficient only utilised to eject the electron.
decreases. 82. Conceptual
83. Conceptual
C
68. v C 84. v0 =threshold frequency..
v = frequency of incident radiation.
69. E Nhv 85. Coceptual
Nhc hc c 1
E 86. h mv 2
0 2
E Nhcv 1 1 1
1 N hcx hc mv 2
0 2
54 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
1
2hc 0 2 1 Z22
V
2 Z12
m 0 115. For a given spectral line from lyman series to
87. Conceptual pfund series wave length increases and energy
88. Conceptual decreases.
89. no. of photo electrons intensity of radiation. 116. Due to same electronic configuration.
90. no. of photo electrons intensity of radiation.
but KE is independent of intensity of radiation. mv 2
117. Centripetal force
91. Red light has less frequency than green. so it r
will not cause ejection of electrons.
92. Conceptual P.E
93. because 3d orbital energy is less than 4p 118. 2
T .E
orbital
94. Conceptual. r1 z2
95. Atoms give line spectrum. 119.
96. All types of electromagnetic radiations travel
r2 z1
with the same velocity. V1
97. molecules give band spectrum. 120. Vn
98 Conceptual. n
99. If electron is in N shell it come down to K or L mv 2
or M shells 121. Centripetal force =
n n 1 r
100. no. of spectral lines = 122. An electron falling to the same energy level
2 from any higher level emits different quantum of
energy.
5 5 1 123. 2 r n
= 10
2 124. Conceptual
125. Conceptual
101. no. of spectral lines in a series = n2 n1 126. Conceptual
= 5 1 4
n2 h2 1
102. The energy difference between first and second 127. rn
2 2
orbits is more. 4 mze 4 0
1 1 128. Eionisation E1
103. v R 2 2
2 3 E1 x
5R x
v E2
36 4
2 2 mz 2e 4 x
104. R E3
ch3 9
R m x x
105. R is different for different elements. E
106. For H line
9 4
n 2
x x
107. No electron in H =
108. Conceptual 4 9
109. The energy difference between 1st and 5th orbit 5x
=
is maximum. 36
110. Lyman series falls in U.V region.
111. Balmer series of lines are observed when 0.529 n 2
129. rn
electron jumps from any higher level to 2nd z
energy level. 130. As electron approaches to nucelus total energy
112. Atoms can not give band spectrum. decreases.
113. n 4 to n 2 falls in visible region. Rhc
131. En
1 1 1 n2
114. RZ2 2 2 132. On moving away from the nucleus, energy
n1 n2 difference between successive orbits de-
creases,
55 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
291. Conceptual
n3 292. n l value for 4p is 5.
l 1 for 3P electrons
293. E.C of Cr Ar 3d 5 4 s1
254. Al = 1s 2 2s 2 2 p 6 3s 2 3 p1
255. ‘S’ orbital is non-directional orbital 294. 1s 2 2s 2 2 p 6 3s 2 3 p 6 4s 2 3d 1 (for element with
256. No. of subshell = n Atomic numbers 2l)
257. f orbital has 7 orientations. 295. Orbital n+l
258. If n l values are same then low n value 4S 4+0=4
orbital has lower energy 3d 3+2=5
259. no. of quantum numbers required to designate o 4s<3d
an orbital =3 3
296. Fe has half filled 3d orbital.
260. for ‘d’ orbital l 2 so m 2 , -1, 0 +1, +2 297. In the degenate orbitals electrons are paired
possible. after filling each orbital with one electron. This
h rule is known as Hund’s rule.
261. Spin angular momentum = S S 1 298. Hydrogen ion has no electron.
2 3
2
299. M n Ar 3d 4
262. no. of orbitals = n
263.
264.
no. of sub energy levels = n
Conceptual
300. Ar 3d 5 has 22 electrons.
oxidation state +3 indicate loss of 3 electrons.
265. For ‘f’ orbital l 3 so m 3 , -2 -1, 0, +1, +2
so: Atomic number = 22+3 25
+3
266. Spin is different 301. 4s 2 4 p5
267. If l 1 that is P sub level.
268. 4f-orbital
269. no. of electrons= 4l+2
270. Conceptual
271. Conceptual so electrons with parallel spins are 4
272. Conceptual 302 Fe2 1s 2 2s 2 2 p 6 3s 2 3 p 6 3d 6
273. ‘S’ value can not obtained from schrodinger’s
equation. no. of ‘S’ electrons in Fe 2 = 6
274. It depends on l and m
275. Conceptual P 1s 2 2s 2 2 p 6 3s 2 3 p3
no. of ‘S’ electrons in P =6
3
276. Cr Ar 3d 5
303. Conceptual
277. Filling of 2P orbitals starts only after the 304. Conceptual
complete filling of ‘2s’ orbital. 305. Conceptual
306. Conceptual
278. Cr Ar 3d 5 4 s1 307. Conceptual
308. Conceptual
M n Ar 3d 5 4s 2
309. If ns and n 1 d subshells energy difference
279. M n Ar 4 s 2 3d 5 no. of unpaired is less then Auf bau principle is not obeyed
electrons =5 310. Conceptual
2
M n Ar 3d 5 no. of unpaired elec- c 3 1010
311. 6
3 104 cm
trons = 5 v 110
58 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
1 1 h
R 342.
4 9 mv
343. Conceptual
5R 344. KE T .E
=
36
331. Conceptual = 1 4.9
13.6 = 4.9
332. E PE 2 TE
n2
= 2 4.9
13.6
3.4 =
9.8ev
n2
n2 4 345. E2 E1 3.4 13.6
n2 = 10.2 ev.
333. E E3 E2 346. r1 : r2 : r3 n12 : n22 : n32
13.6 13.6 = 12 : 22 : 32
= 2 E1
32 2 347. En
= 1.5 3.4 n2
= 1.9 ev 348. rn 0.529 n 2 A0
334. E1 2.18 1018 J 349. E4 E2
18
2.18 10 J 2.179 10 18 2.179 1018
22 16 4
= 5.45 10 19 J
= 0.408 10 18 J
V1
335. Vn 350. E EH Z 2
n
2.19 106 ms 1 E 32
= = 9E
2
= 1.10 10 6 m sec 1
1312
351. E KJ / mole
n2
r1 n12 22 4
336. 1312
r2 n22 32 9 = KJ / mole
4
337. E EH Z 2 = 328 KJ / mole
E 3.41 22 2.18 1018
= 3.41 4 352. Eionization
n2
= -13.6 ev
E1 2 hc 2.18 1018
338.
E2 1 9
E1 v2 6.625 10 3 108 2.18 1018
34
339.
E2 v1 9
34 8
9 6.625 10 3 10
nh
340. mvr 2.18 1018
2
= 82.05 10 8 m
1.5h nh
= 820nm
2
n =3 h 6.625 1034
341. Conceptual 353. = 1.32 1035 m
mv 0.5 100
60 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
h 25 Z 1s 2 2s 2 2 p 6 3s 2 3 p 6 4 s 2 3d 5
360. m
4 .x.v. 380. 2 K 8L 13M 1N
361. conceptual
1s 2 2 s 2 2 p 6 3s 2 3 p 6 3d 5 4 s1
31
362 mass of election= 9.1 10 kg 381 conceptual
= 10 30 (nearly) 382 1s 2 2 s 2 2 p 6 3s 2 3 p 6 3d 4
383 conceptual
h 6.625 1034
363. 6.625 1033 m 384. E.C. of Cr = 1s 2 2s 2 2 p 6 3s 2 3 p 6 3d 5 4 s1
mv. 110
385. conceptual
h 386. conceptual
364. 387. Element is ‘Mn’
mv
h
388. k and cl has same no. of electrons.
365. 389. conceptual
mv 390. conceptual
366. conceptual 391. conceptual
367. conceptual
368. conceptual 392. E.c. of Mn 1s 2 2s 2 2 p 6 3s 2 3 p 6 3d 5 4s 2
369. l 1 393. E.c. of v 3 1s 2 2s 2 2 p 6 3s 2 3 p 6 3d 2
minimum value of n = 2 (2-unpaired electrons)
nh h E.c. of Ni 2 1s 2 2 s 2 2 p 6 3s 2 3 p 6 3d 8
mvr =
2 (2-unpaired electrons)
370. valence electron is 4s1 394. conceptual
61 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
Nhc 1 1
397. E 13.6
E2 E1 4 1 3 3 36 27
E1 2 E3 E2 1 1 4 4 5 5
412.. 13.6
398. 9 4 5
E2 1
36
399. Energy emitted from the bulb is 8% of 150 413.
watt (J/sec) i.e. 12 Joules/sec.
EC EA EC EB EB E A
Nhc
E 1 1 1
400. hv W KE
3 1 2
6.2 = 4.2 + KE z2
KE = 2ev 414. En 313.6 K cal /mole
n2
= 2 1.6 10 19 J
h
= 3.2 10 19 J 415. V
4 .m.x
401. hv w K .E h
416. x
402. 1e.v = 1.602 10 19 J 4 .m.v
h
403. Work function W= h 0
e me .ve
hc
K .E . work function 417. h h
404.
o mn .vn
405. K .E. h v vo 1 mn vn
1 me.ve
hc 2
406. E
2 me ve
Vn
407. Electron excited to 4th orbit mn
2 1 x x
=
408. 1840 920
2s 2p
h
418.
p
1s A K .EB .mB
409. 419.
B K .EB .mA
2 1 1 2 1 1 A mB vB
RH Z Li 2 2 2 RH Z H 2 2 420.
n1 n2 2 3 B m AvA
421. radial nodes = n-l-1
410. Electron excited to 2nd orbit nodal plane = l
n n 1 422. Conceptual
No. of spectral lines = 423. Hydride ion is H
2 424. one electron is excess
62 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
439. h K .E
0
447. Spectral has to present in ......... region is
240 103
440. B.E for 1 molecule = = 40 10 20 J Balmer series
6 1023
= 4 10 19 J
n1 2
Energy of incident light For third line n2 n1 3
hc 19
E 4.41 10 J n2 5
K .E 0.41 1019 1 Z H
2
460. Conceptual
h
n2 4 10
461. rn 0.529
z h
475. x
mu
462. E E3 E2
h
476. u
4 m.n
477. Conceptual
478. Conceptual
5
47.2 13.6 z 2 479. Conceptual
36 480. Radius is 100 A0
47.2 36
z2 n2 0
13.6 5 ru 0.53 A
z
25
z 5 n2
100 0.53
463. Conceptual 1
464.
100
465. E E3 E2 n2 189
0.53
1 .5 1 3 .4
n 4 c approximates
1.89 e.u 481. Conceptual
482. l value never greater than n
466. E E3 E2
467. Conceptual 483. n l value is more so energy is more
468. Conceptual
h
484. n l value and n, l values are same then
469. x energies are same
mu
470. Conceptual 485. n l value increases energy increases
h 486. If n is same , then the orbital with more l
471. x
4 m.V value has more energy
h 487. n l, l m
472. x.p
4 488. It is electronic configuration of chromium
489, As , Bi both are V A group elementss
1 h 490. Conceptual
x.
m 4 491. Fe 2 has 4 unpaired electrons
492. Conceptual
1 h
493. In Fe 2 6 d electrons are present
2m
473. Conceptual h
494. Orbitals argular mementum l l 1
h 2
474. p
4 .x z2
495. En 13.6
n2
64 ATOMIC STRUCTURE