206 PART 1 DC Circuits

The
If a voltage across a 5-µF
10-µF capacitor capacitor
is connected to is
a voltage source with

PRACTICE PROBLEM 6.1 v(t)=

v(t) = 10
50cos
sin 6000t
2000t V
Calculate
determinethe
thecurrent
currentthrough
throughit.the capacitor.
What is the voltage across a 3-µF capacitor if the charge on one plate is
Solution:
Answer: cos 2000t A.
0.12 mC? How much energy is stored?
By definition, the current is
Answer: 40 V, 2.4 mJ.
dv d
E X A M P L E 6 . 3 i(t) = C = 5 × 10−6 (10 cos 6000t)
dt dt
E X A M P L E 6 . 2 Determine
= −5the × 10−6 ×
voltage across
6000a × 2-µF capacitor
10 sin 6000t =if the
−0.3current through
sin 6000t A it is
i(t) = 6eis−3000t mA
The voltage across a 5-µF capacitor
PRACTICE PROBLEM 6.2
Assume that the initial v(t)
capacitor
= 10 voltage is zero.
cos 6000t V
IfSolution:
a 10-µF capacitor is connected to a voltage source with
Calculate the current through it.
1 t
!
Since v =
Solution: v(t) =
i dt + v(0) and50v(0)
sin 2000t
= 0, V
C 0
determine
By thethe
definition, current through
current is !thet capacitor.
1
Answer: cos dv2000t
v = A. −6−6d 6e−3000t dt ·10−3
i(t) = C =5× 2×1010 (10 cos 6000t)
dt dt 0
"t
= −5 × 10−63××6000 103 × 10 " 6000t = −0.3 sin 6000t A
sin
E X A M P L E 6 . 3 = e−3000t "" = (1 − e−3000t ) V
−3000 0
P R A C T I C E P R O B L E M 6 . 2 Determine the voltage across a 2-µF capacitor if the current through it is
PRACTICE PROBLEM 6.3 −3000t
If a 10-µF capacitor is connected
i(t) =to6ea voltage
mA source with
The current
Assume that through a 100-µF
the initial v(t) = capacitor
50voltage
capacitor sin 2000t V = 50 sin 120πt mA. Cal-
isis i(t)
zero.
culate the voltage across it at t = 1 ms and t = 5 ms. Take v(0) = 0.
Solution:the current through the capacitor.
determine
Answer: 1−93.137
! t V, −1.736 V.
Answer:
Since v = cos 2000t A.
i dt + v(0) and v(0) = 0,
C 0
! t
1
▲
▲

E X A M P L E 6 . 3 v= 6e−3000t dt ·10−3
 2 k" in Fig. 6.10.
Thus the current waveform is as shown
Figure
5 k"
6.10 For Example 6.4.
5 k" 6 mA 3 k" 4 k"
+
PRACTICE PROBLEM 6.4 6 mA 3 k" 4 k" v2
!
4 mF
An initially uncharged 1-mF capacitor has the current shown in Fig. 6.11 i (mA)
(a) (b)
across it. Calculate the voltage across it at t = 2 ms and t = 5 ms. 100
Answer: 100 mV,Figure
400 6.12
mV. For Example 6.5.

and the energies stored in them are 0

2 4 6 t (ms)
1 1
w1 = C1 v12 = (2 × 10−3 )(4)2 = 16 mJ
2 2 Figure 6.11 For Practice Prob. 6.4.
1 1
w2 = C2 v22 = (4 × 10−3 )(8)2 = 128 mJ
2 2
E X A M P L E 6 . 5
P R Athe
Obtain C Tenergy
I C E stored
P R Oin Beach
L E capacitor
M 6 . 5 in Fig. 6.12(a) under dc con-
ditions.
3 k" Under dc conditions, find the energy stored in the capacitors in Fig. 6.13.
Solution:
Answer: 405 µJ, 90 µJ.
1 k"
Under dc conditions, we replace each capacitor with an open circuit, as
shown in Fig. 6.12(b). The current through the series combination of the
2-k! and +4-k! resistors20ismFobtained by current division as
10 V ! 10 mF 6 k"
3
i= (6 mA) = 2 mA
3+2+4
Hence, the voltages v1 and v2 across the capacitors are
Figure 6.13 For Practice Prob. 6.5.
v1 = 2000i = 4 V v2 = 4000i = 8 V

6.3 SERIES AND PARALLEL CAPACITORS

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