ZIGBEE Device Access Control & Reliable Data Transmission Based Health Monito

ring

Bio Medical Instrumentation is a field where the technology has gone into a lot of
advancements and sophistication. After the introduction of computers the medical instru
mentation is improved further in all respects Bio Medical Instrumentation can be classifie
d into two Major types: clinical and research. Clinical instrumentation is basically devote
d to the diagnosis, care and treatment of patients. Our project entitled microcontroller bas
ed patient monitoring system comes under clinical instrumentation.

Patient monitoring is one of the areas of Bio-Medical Instrumentation that is beco

ming increasingly familiar to the general public. Here electronic equipment provides a co
ntinuous watch over the vital characteristics and parameters of the critically ill patients. I
n the coronary and other intensive care units in hospitals, thousands of lives have been sa
ved in recent years because of the careful and accurate monitoring approved by this equip
ment.

Our project is a versatile integrated hardware tool for the methodological monitori
ng of various parameters of patients. Here we have focused in monitoring Heart beat, Res
piration rate and body temperature.

The Sensor has been used in the hardware kit for sensing the parameters. It has a l
ot of advantages over the conventional instruments used for measurement. Sensor gives
more accurate measurements rather than the conventional type. Moreover the output of se
nsor being the electrical output, it can be easily processed and transmitted, as the ultimate
aim of our project is the transmission of parameters. Hence, our project will be more effic
ient and cost effective.

Our project microcontroller based patient monitoring is a hardware tool for monit
oring the various physiological parameters of critically ill patients.

Essentially the patients are monitored because they have unbalance in body syste
ms. By continual monitoring, the patient problems can be detected as they occur and rem
edies taken before these problems get out of hand. With the goal to counteract and to mon
itor the parameters this project has been developed and implemented. Here we are monito
ring the basic parameters Temperature, Drips and Respiration rate.

The tool consists of a microcontroller mother board with all peripherals. The volta
ge signal from the success is fed to the external card where they are amplified into 0-5V r
ange and feeds it to the microcontroller card. The ADC in the microcontroller Board conv
erts analog input signal into digital data and feeds it into the computer. The software is wr
itten in ‘C’ language & Assembly language to display the appropriate signals. And the hea
rt beat pulses monitored by microcontroller counters. The all measured parameters values
are sent to PC through zigbee transceiver network. PC is in the place may be a doctor’s ro
om. The doctor can easily monitor his patient’s level through this system.

Integration of all these units into a single unit makes the tool highly efficient and i
t will find great utility in hospitals.
Block diagram:

Transmitter section

LCD

Respiration
sensor Zigbee
ADC Micro transceiver
Body controller
temperature

Micro SCU
phone
(heart
beat)

Receiver section

Zigbee RS232 PC
transceiver