BSC Product Description (V900R008C11 - 02)

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller
V900R008C11
BSC Product Description
Issue 02
Date 2008-10-20
Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. provides customers with comprehensive technical support and service. For any
assistance, please contact our local office or company headquarters.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address: Huawei Industrial Base
Bantian, Longgang
Shenzhen 518129
People's Republic of China
Website: http://www.huawei.com
Email: support@huawei.com
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2008. All rights reserved.

No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written
consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Trademarks and Permissions
and other Huawei trademarks are the property of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders.
Notice
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the
preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but the statements, information, and
recommendations in this document do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

BSC Product Description Contents
Contents
About This Document.....................................................................................................................1

1 Changes in BSC Product Description....................................................................................1-1
2 Position of the BSC in the GSM/GPRS Network................................................................2-1
3 Introduction to the BSC............................................................................................................3-1
3.1 BSC Physical Structure...................................................................................................................................3-2
3.2 BSC Logical Structure....................................................................................................................................3-5
3.3 BSC Software Structure..................................................................................................................................3-6
4 BSC Hardware Configuration..................................................................................................4-1

4.1 BSC Hardware Configuration.........................................................................................................................4-2
4.2 BSC Hardware Configuration Type A............................................................................................................4-5
4.2.1 BM/TC Separated (Configuration Type A)...........................................................................................4-5
4.2.2 BM/TC Combined (Configuration Type A).........................................................................................4-10
4.2.3 A over IP (Configuration Type A).......................................................................................................4-13
4.3 BSC Hardware Configuration Type B..........................................................................................................4-15
4.3.1 BM/TC Separated (Configuration Type B)..........................................................................................4-15
4.3.2 BM/TC Combined (Configuration Type B).........................................................................................4-19
4.3.3 A over IP (Configuration Type B).......................................................................................................4-22
5 BSC TDM Switching Subsystem............................................................................................5-1

5.1 Physical Structure of the BSC TDM Switching Subsystem...........................................................................5-2
5.2 Logical Structure of the BSC TDM Switching Subsystem.............................................................................5-3
6 BSC GE Switching Subsystem................................................................................................6-1

6.1 Physical Structure of the BSC GE Switching Subsystem...............................................................................6-2
6.2 Logical Structure of the BSC GE Switching Subsystem................................................................................6-3
6.3 Features of BSC GE Switching.......................................................................................................................6-4
7 BSC Service Processing Subsystem........................................................................................7-1

7.1 Physical Structure of the BSC Service Processing Subsystem.......................................................................7-2
7.2 Logical Structure of the BSC Service Processing Subsystem.........................................................................7-4
8 BSC Service Control Subsystem.............................................................................................8-1

8.1 Physical Structure of the BSC Service Control Subsystem............................................................................8-2
8.2 Logical Structure of the BSC Service Control Subsystem..............................................................................8-2
Issue 02 (2008-10-20) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential i

Contents BSC Product Description
9 BSC Interface Processing Subsystem.....................................................................................9-1

9.1 Physical Structure of the BSC Interface Processing Subsystem.....................................................................9-2
9.2 Logical Structure of the BSC Interface Processing Subsystem......................................................................9-3
10 BSC Clock Subsystem...........................................................................................................10-1

10.1 BSC Clock Sources.....................................................................................................................................10-2
10.2 BSC Clock Synchronization........................................................................................................................10-2
10.2.1 BSC Clock Synchronization (BM/TC Separated)..............................................................................10-3
10.2.2 BSC Clock Synchronization (BM/TC Combined).............................................................................10-5
10.2.3 BSC Clock Synchronization (A over IP)...........................................................................................10-6
11 BSC Power Subsystem..........................................................................................................11-1

12 BSC Environment Monitoring Subsystem........................................................................12-1
12.1 BSC Power Monitoring...............................................................................................................................12-2
12.2 BSC Fan Monitoring...................................................................................................................................12-2
12.3 BSC Environment Monitoring....................................................................................................................12-3
13 OM of the BSC........................................................................................................................13-1
13.1 OM Modes of the BSC................................................................................................................................13-2
13.2 OM Functions of the BSC...........................................................................................................................13-3
13.2.1 BSC Security Management................................................................................................................13-4
13.2.2 BSC Configuration Management.......................................................................................................13-6
13.2.3 BSC Performance Management.......................................................................................................13-11
13.2.4 BSC Alarm Management.................................................................................................................13-12
13.2.5 BSC Loading Management..............................................................................................................13-13
13.2.6 BSC Upgrade Management..............................................................................................................13-16
13.2.7 BTS Loading Management..............................................................................................................13-17
13.2.8 BTS Upgrade Management..............................................................................................................13-17
14 BSC Signal Flow.....................................................................................................................14-1

14.1 BSC CS Signal Flow...................................................................................................................................14-2
14.2 BSC PS Signal Flow...................................................................................................................................14-6
14.3 BSC Signaling Flow....................................................................................................................................14-8
14.3.1 Signaling Flow on the Abis Interface.................................................................................................14-8
14.3.2 Signaling Flow on the A Interface...................................................................................................14-11
14.3.3 Signaling flow on the Pb interface...................................................................................................14-14
14.3.4 Signaling Flow on the Gb Interface.................................................................................................14-15
14.4 BSC OM Signal Flow...............................................................................................................................14-16
14.4.1 BSC OM Signal Flow (BM/TC Separated)......................................................................................14-16
14.4.2 BSC OM Signal Flow (BM/TC Combined).....................................................................................14-19
14.4.3 BSC OM Signal Flow (A over IP)...................................................................................................14-19
15 BSC Transmission and Networking...................................................................................15-1

15.1 Transmission and Networking on the Abis Interface..................................................................................15-2
15.2 Transmission and Networking on the A Interface.......................................................................................15-6
ii Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2008-10-20)

BSC Product Description Contents
15.3 Transmission and Networking on the Pb Interface.....................................................................................15-9

15.4 Transmission and Networking on the Ater Interface................................................................................15-10
15.5 Transmission and Networking on the Gb Interface...................................................................................15-11
16 BSC Technical Specifications..............................................................................................16-1

16.1 BSC Capacity Specifications......................................................................................................................16-2
16.2 BSC Engineering Specifications.................................................................................................................16-2
16.3 BSC Physical Interfaces..............................................................................................................................16-3
16.4 BSC Reliability Specifications....................................................................................................................16-8
16.5 BSC Clock Precision Requirements............................................................................................................16-9
16.6 BSC Noise and Safety Compliance.............................................................................................................16-9
16.7 BSC Environment Requirements................................................................................................................16-9
16.7.1 BSC Storage Requirements..............................................................................................................16-10
16.7.2 BSC Transportation Requirements...................................................................................................16-12
16.7.3 BSC Operating Environment Requirements....................................................................................16-15
16.8 Technical Specifications of BSC Parts......................................................................................................16-17
16.8.1 Technical Specifications of the GBAM...........................................................................................16-17
16.8.2 Technical Specifications of the GOMU...........................................................................................16-19
16.8.3 Technical Specifications of the BSC Common Power Distribution Box.........................................16-20
16.8.4 Technical Specifications of the BSC High-Power Distribution Box...............................................16-21
Issue 02 (2008-10-20) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential iii

BSC Product Description Figures
Figures
Figure 2-1 Position of the BSC in the GSM/GPRS network...............................................................................2-2

Figure 3-1 Physical structure of the BSC.............................................................................................................3-2
Figure 3-2 Front view of the BSC cabinet...........................................................................................................3-4
Figure 3-3 Logical structure of the BSC..............................................................................................................3-6
Figure 3-4 Structure of the host software.............................................................................................................3-7
Figure 3-5 Structure of the OMU software..........................................................................................................3-7
Figure 3-6 Structure of LMT software.................................................................................................................3-8
Figure 4-1 OM path between the GMPS and the main GTCS (in local GTCS mode)........................................4-3
Figure 4-2 OM path between the GMPS and the main GTCS (in remote GTCS mode).....................................4-3
Figure 4-3 BSC minimum configuration (GTCS configured on the BSC side)..................................................4-6
Figure 4-4 BSC minimum configuration (GTCS configured on the MSC side)..................................................4-6
Figure 4-5 BSC maximum configuration (GTCS configured on the BSC side)..................................................4-7
Figure 4-6 BSC maximum configuration (GTCS configured on the MSC side).................................................4-7
Figure 4-7 BSC maximum configuration (GTCS configured on the BSC side)..................................................4-8
Figure 4-8 BSC maximum configuration (GTCS configured on the MSC side).................................................4-8
Figure 4-9 BSC minimum configuration............................................................................................................4-10
Figure 4-10 BSC maximum configuration (E1/T1 transmission used on the A interface)................................4-11
Figure 4-11 BSC maximum configuration (STM-1 transmission used on the A interface)..............................4-12
Figure 4-12 BSC minimum configuration..........................................................................................................4-13
Figure 4-13 BSC maximum configuration.........................................................................................................4-14
Figure 4-14 BSC minimum configuration (GTCS configured locally).............................................................4-15
Figure 4-15 BSC minimum configuration (GTCS configured remotely)..........................................................4-16
Figure 4-16 BSC maximum configuration (GTCS configured locally).............................................................4-16
Figure 4-17 BSC maximum configuration (GTCS configured remotely)..........................................................4-17
Figure 4-18 BSC maximum configuration (GTCS configured locally).............................................................4-17
Figure 4-19 BSC maximum configuration (GTCS configured remotely)..........................................................4-18
Figure 4-21 BSC maximum configuration (E1/T1 transmission used on the A interface)................................4-21
Figure 4-22 BSC maximum configuration (STM-1 transmission used on the A interface)..............................4-21
Figure 4-24 BSC maximum configuration.........................................................................................................4-23
Figure 5-1 TDM interconnections between GMPS and GEPS............................................................................5-2
Figure 5-2 TDM interconnections between GTCSs.............................................................................................5-2
Issue 02 (2008-10-20) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential v

Figures BSC Product Description
Figure 5-3 Intra-subrack TDM interconnections..................................................................................................5-3

Figure 5-4 Logical structure of the BSC TDM switching subsystem..................................................................5-4
Figure 6-1 GE interconnection between the GMPS and the GEPS......................................................................6-2
Figure 6-2 GE interconnection between the GTCSs............................................................................................6-2
Figure 6-3 Intra-subrack GE interconnection.......................................................................................................6-3
Figure 6-4 Logical structure of the BSC GE switching subsystem......................................................................6-4
Figure 7-1 Physical structure of the BSC service processing subsystem (1).......................................................7-2
Figure 7-5 Logical structure of the CS service processing subsystem.................................................................7-5
Figure 7-6 Logical structure of the PS service processing subsystem................................................................. 7-5
Figure 9-1 Physical structure of the BSC interface processing subsystem..........................................................9-2
Figure 9-2 BSC interfaces....................................................................................................................................9-3
Figure 10-1 Clock synchronization in the GMPS/GEPS (BITS clock source)..................................................10-3
Figure 10-2 Clock synchronization in the GMPS/GEPS (line clock source).....................................................10-4
Figure 10-3 Clock synchronization in the GTCS...............................................................................................10-4
Figure 10-4 BSC clock synchronization procedure (BITS clock source)..........................................................10-5
Figure 10-5 BSC clock synchronization procedure (line clock source).............................................................10-6
Figure 10-6 BSC clock synchronization procedure (BITS clock source)..........................................................10-6
Figure 11-1 Power lead-in part (common power distribution box)....................................................................11-1
Figure 11-2 Power lead-in part (high-power distribution box)..........................................................................11-2
Figure 12-1 Principle of power monitoring........................................................................................................12-2
Figure 12-2 Principle of fan monitoring.............................................................................................................12-3
Figure 12-3 Principle of environment monitoring.............................................................................................12-3
Figure 13-1 Network topology of the BSC OM (in BSC hardware configuration type A)...............................13-2
Figure 13-2 Network topology of the BSC OM (in BSC hardware configuration type B)................................13-3
Figure 13-3 Principle of the offline data configuration......................................................................................13-7
Figure 13-4 Principle of the online data configuration......................................................................................13-8
Figure 13-5 Procedure of the BSC data consistency check..............................................................................13-10
Figure 13-6 BSC data synchronization procedure ...........................................................................................13-10
Figure 13-7 BSC performance management process.......................................................................................13-11
Figure 13-8 Alarm management process of the BSC.......................................................................................13-12
Figure 13-9 Working principle of the alarm box .............................................................................................13-13
Figure 13-10 BSC loading process (1).............................................................................................................13-14
Figure 14-1 CS signal flow (1)...........................................................................................................................14-2
vi Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2008-10-20)

BSC Product Description Figures

Figure 14-7 PS signal flow (Abis over TDM)....................................................................................................14-6
Figure 14-8 PS signal flow (Abis over IP).........................................................................................................14-7
Figure 14-9 BSC PS signal flow (external PCU )..............................................................................................14-7
Figure 14-10 Protocol stack on the Abis interface (Abis over TDM)................................................................14-8
Figure 14-11 Signaling Flow on the Abis Interface (Abis over TDM)..............................................................14-9
Figure 14-12 Protocol stack on the Abis interface (Abis over HDLC)..............................................................14-9
Figure 14-13 Signaling Flow on the Abis Interface (Abis over HDLC)..........................................................14-10
Figure 14-14 Protocol stack on the Abis interface (Abis over IP)...................................................................14-10
Figure 14-15 Signaling Flow on the Abis Interface (Abis over IP).................................................................14-11
Figure 14-16 Protocol stack on the A interface (A over TDM).......................................................................14-12
Figure 14-17 Signaling flow on the A interface (A over TDM) (BM/TC separated)......................................14-12
Figure 14-18 Signaling flow on the A interface (A over TDM) (BM/TC combined).....................................14-13
Figure 14-19 Protocol stack on the A interface (A over IP).............................................................................14-13
Figure 14-20 Signaling flow on the A interface (A over IP)............................................................................14-14
Figure 14-21 Protocol stack on the Pb interface..............................................................................................14-14
Figure 14-22 Signaling flow on the Pb interface.............................................................................................14-15
Figure 14-23 Protocol stack on the Gb interface..............................................................................................14-15
Figure 14-24 Signaling flow on the Gb interface.............................................................................................14-16
Figure 14-25 OM signal flow (GTCS configured on the BSC side)................................................................14-17
Figure 14-26 OM signal flow (GTCS configured on the MSC side)...............................................................14-18
Figure 14-27 BSC OM signal flow (BM/TC combined).................................................................................14-19
Figure 14-28 BSC OM signal flow (A over IP)...............................................................................................14-20
Figure 15-1 E1/T1-based TDM networking on the Abis interface....................................................................15-2
Figure 15-2 STM-1-based TDM networking on the Abis interface...................................................................15-3
Figure 15-3 E1/T1-based HDLC networking on the Abis interface..................................................................15-3
Figure 15-4 STM-1-based HDLC networking on the Abis interface.................................................................15-4
Figure 15-5 Hybrid networking (Abis over TDM and Abis over HDLC) (configuration mode 1)...................15-4
Figure 15-6 Hybrid networking (Abis over TDM and Abis over HDLC) (configuration mode 2)...................15-5
Figure 15-7 MSTP-based IP networking on the Abis interface.........................................................................15-5
Figure 15-8 Data-network-based IP networking on the Abis interface..............................................................15-6
Figure 15-9 E1/T1-based TDM networking on the A interface (1)...................................................................15-7
Figure 15-10 E1/T1-based TDM networking on the A interface (2).................................................................15-7
Figure 15-11 STM-1-based TDM networking on the A interface (1)................................................................15-7
Figure 15-12 STM-1-based TDM networking on the A interface (2)................................................................15-8
Figure 15-13 IP networking on the A interface (1)............................................................................................15-8
Figure 15-14 IP networking on the A interface (2)............................................................................................15-9
Figure 15-15 E1/T1-based TDM networking on the Pb interface......................................................................15-9
Figure 15-16 STM-1-based TDM networking on the Pb interface..................................................................15-10
Figure 15-17 E1/T1-based networking on the Ater interface (GTCS configured on the BSC side)................15-10
Figure 15-18 E1/T1-based networking on the Ater interface (GTCS configured on the MSC side)...............15-10
Figure 15-19 STM-1-based networking on the Ater interface (GTCS configured on the MSC side).............15-11
Issue 02 (2008-10-20) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential vii

Figures BSC Product Description
Figure 15-20 E1/T1-based FR networking on the Gb interface.......................................................................15-11

Figure 15-21 FE/GE-based IP networking on the Gb interface.......................................................................15-12
viii Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2008-10-20)

BSC Product Description Tables
Tables
Table 2-1 Functions of each NE in the GSM/GPRS network..............................................................................2-2

Table 3-1 Components of the BSC.......................................................................................................................3-2
Table 3-2 Components in the BSC Cabinet..........................................................................................................3-4
Table 4-1 Recommended configuration of the BSC............................................................................................ 4-9
Table 4-2 Recommended configuration of the BSC..........................................................................................4-12
Table 9-1 Physical entities of the BSC interface processing subsystem..............................................................9-2
Table 13-1 Definitions of the BSC user authorities...........................................................................................13-4
Table 13-2 BSC logs...........................................................................................................................................13-5
Table 16-1 Capacity specification of the BSC...................................................................................................16-2
Table 16-2 Structural specifications...................................................................................................................16-3
Table 16-3 Power consumption specifications...................................................................................................16-3
Table 16-4 Power supply and EMC specifications of the BSC..........................................................................16-3
Table 16-5 Specifications of the external transmission interfaces of the BSC...................................................16-4
Table 16-6 Specifications of the internal transmission interfaces of the BSC...................................................16-7
Table 16-7 Specifications of the clock interfaces of the BSC............................................................................16-8
Table 16-8 Reliability specifications of the BSC...............................................................................................16-8
Table 16-9 Clock specifications of the BSC......................................................................................................16-9
Table 16-10 Specifications of the noise and safety compliance of the BSC .....................................................16-9
Table 16-11 Climatic requirements (storage)...................................................................................................16-10
Table 16-12 Requirements for physically active materials (storage)...............................................................16-11
Table 16-13 Requirements for chemically active materials (storage)..............................................................16-12
Table 16-14 Mechanical stress requirements (storage)....................................................................................16-12
Table 16-15 Requirements for the climate (transportation).............................................................................16-13
Table 16-16 Requirements for physically active materials (transportation)....................................................16-14
Table 16-17 Requirements for chemically active materials (transportation)...................................................16-14
Table 16-18 Requirements for the mechanical stress (transportation).............................................................16-14
Table 16-19 Temperature and humidity requirements.....................................................................................16-15
Table 16-20 Other requirements.......................................................................................................................16-15
Table 16-21 Requirements for physically active materials (operating)............................................................16-16
Issue 02 (2008-10-20) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential ix

Tables BSC Product Description
Table 16-22 Requirements for chemically active materials (operating)..........................................................16-16

Table 16-23 Mechanical Stress Requirements.................................................................................................16-17
Table 16-24 Hardware configuration specifications of the GBAM (IBM X3650T)........................................16-18
Table 16-25 Hardware configuration specifications of the GBAM (Huawei C5210)......................................16-18
Table 16-26 Hardware configuration specifications of the GBAM (HP CC3310)..........................................16-18
Table 16-27 Performance specifications of the GBAM...................................................................................16-19
Table 16-28 Hardware configuration specifications of the GOMU.................................................................16-19
Table 16-29 Performance specifications of the GOMU...................................................................................16-20
Table 16-30 Technical specifications of the BSC power distribution box.......................................................16-20
Table 16-31 Technical specifications of the BSC high-power distribution box..............................................16-21
x Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2008-10-20)

BSC Product Description About This Document
About This Document
Purpose
This document describes the structure, components, and working principles of the BSC in terms
of hardware, software, and logic. It also describes the transport and networking, signal flows,
and technical specifications of the BSC.
Product Version
The following table lists the product version related to this document.
Product Name Model Product Version
BSC BSC6000 V900R008C11
Intended Audience
This document is intended for:
l Network planners
l System engineers
l Field engineers
Organization
1 Changes in BSC Product Description
This describes the changes in the BSC Product Description.
2 Position of the BSC in the GSM/GPRS Network
In the GSM/GPRS network, the BSC is located between the BTS and the MSC or between the
BTS and the PCU. The BSC performs the following functions: radio resource management, BTS
management, power control, and handover control.
3 Introduction to the BSC
This describes the physical, logical, and software structures of the BSC.
4 BSC Hardware Configuration
The GBAM and GOMU are the operation and maintenance entities of the BSC. There are two
types of BSC hardware configuration: configuration type A and configuration type B. In
Issue 02 (2008-10-20) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1

About This Document BSC Product Description
configuration type A, the BSC is configured with the GBAM. In configuration type B, the BSC
is configured with the GOMU. One BSC can use only one configuration type.
5 BSC TDM Switching Subsystem
The Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) switching subsystem performs data exchange in the
circuit switched (CS) domain.
6 BSC GE Switching Subsystem
The Gigabit Ethernet (GE) switching subsystem performs the GE switching and packet switching
of the signaling and OM information in the BSC.
7 BSC Service Processing Subsystem
The BSC service processing subsystem performs voice coding/decoding, rate matching, and PS
service processing.
8 BSC Service Control Subsystem
The BSC service control subsystem performs the following functions: paging control, system
information management, channel assignment, BTS public service management, call control,
packet service control, handover and power control, cell broadcast short message service, BTS
OM, and TC resource pool management.
9 BSC Interface Processing Subsystem
The BSC interface and signaling processing subsystem processes the signaling on the BSC
interfaces.
10 BSC Clock Subsystem
The BSC clock subsystem consists of the GGCU and the clock processing unit in each subrack.
The clock subsystem provides the working clock for the BSC and provides the reference clock
for the BTS.
11 BSC Power Subsystem
The BSC power subsystem adopts dual-circuit redundancy and point-by-point monitoring
solution, which is highly reliable. The BSC power subsystem comprises the power lead-in part
and the power distribution part.
12 BSC Environment Monitoring Subsystem
The BSC environment monitoring subsystem comprises the power distribution box and the
environment monitoring parts in each subrack. The environment monitoring subsystem monitors
and adjusts the power supply, the speed of the fans, and the working environment.
13 OM of the BSC
This describes two OM modes and various OM functions of the BSC.
14 BSC Signal Flow
The BSC signal flow consists of the CS service signal flow, PS service signal flow, signaling
flow, and OM signal flow.
15 BSC Transmission and Networking
This describes various transmission and networking modes between the BSC and other NEs.
16 BSC Technical Specifications
2 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2008-10-20)

The BSC technical specifications consist of the capacity specifications, engineering

specifications, physical port specifications, reliability specifications, clock precision
specifications, noise and safety compliance, and environment specifications.
Conventions
Symbol Conventions
The symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Symbol Description
Indicates a hazard with a high level of risk, which if not

avoided,will result in death or serious injury.
Indicates a hazard with a medium or low level of risk, which

if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which if not

avoided,could result in equipment damage, data loss,
performance degradation, or unexpected results.
Indicates a tip that may help you solve a problem or save

time.
Provides additional information to emphasize or supplement

important points of the main text.
General Conventions
The general conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Convention Description
Times New Roman Normal paragraphs are in Times New Roman.
Boldface Names of files, directories, folders, and users are in

boldface. For example, log in as user root.
Italic Book titles are in italics.

Courier New Examples of information displayed on the screen are in
Courier New.
Command Conventions
The command conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Boldface The keywords of a command line are in boldface.
Italic Command arguments are in italics.

About This Document BSC Product Description
[] Items (keywords or arguments) in brackets [ ] are optional.
{ x | y | ... } Optional items are grouped in braces and separated by

vertical bars. One item is selected.
[ x | y | ... ] Optional items are grouped in brackets and separated by

vertical bars. One item is selected or no item is selected.
{ x | y | ... }* Optional items are grouped in braces and separated by

vertical bars. A minimum of one item or a maximum of all
items can be selected.
[ x | y | ... ]* Optional items are grouped in brackets and separated by

vertical bars. Several items or no item can be selected.
GUI Conventions
The GUI conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Boldface Buttons, menus, parameters, tabs, window, and dialog titles

are in boldface. For example, click OK.
> Multi-level menus are in boldface and separated by the ">"

signs. For example, choose File > Create > Folder .
Keyboard Operations
The keyboard operations that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Format Description
Key Press the key. For example, press Enter and press Tab.
Key 1+Key 2 Press the keys concurrently. For example, pressing Ctrl+Alt
+A means the three keys should be pressed concurrently.
Key 1, Key 2 Press the keys in turn. For example, pressing Alt, A means
the two keys should be pressed in turn.
Mouse Operations
The mouse operations that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Action Description
Click Select and release the primary mouse button without moving
the pointer.
4 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2008-10-20)

Action Description
Double-click Press the primary mouse button twice continuously and

quickly without moving the pointer.
Drag Press and hold the primary mouse button and move the
pointer to a certain position.

BSC Product Description 1 Changes in BSC Product Description
1 Changes in BSC Product Description
This describes the changes in the BSC Product Description.
V900R008C11 02(2008-10-20)
This is the second commercial release.
Compared with V900R008C11 01(2008-08-21), no information is added.
Compared with V900R008C11 01(2008-08-21), the following information is modified:
Item Change
13.2.7 BTS Loading Management BTS Loading Management is changed.
Compared with V900R008C11 01(2008-08-21), no information is deleted.
Issue 02 (2008-10-20) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1-1

BSC Product Description 2 Position of the BSC in the GSM/GPRS Network
2 Position of the BSC in the GSM/GPRS

Network
In the GSM/GPRS network, the BSC is located between the BTS and the MSC or between the
BTS and the PCU. The BSC performs the following functions: radio resource management, BTS
management, power control, and handover control.
Position of the BSC in the GSM/GPRS Network

Figure 2-1 shows the position of the BSC in the GSM/GPRS network.

2 Position of the BSC in the GSM/GPRS Network BSC Product Description
Figure 2-1 Position of the BSC in the GSM/GPRS network
BSC MSC/VLR
BTS
ISDN/PSTN...
PCU
BTS
AUC/HLR
SGSN
BTS: base transceiver station BSC: base station PCU: packet control unit SGSN: serving GPRS
controller support node
AUC: authentication center HLR: home location MSC: mobile service VLR: visitor location
register switching center register
ISDN: integrated services PSTN: public switched
digital network telephone network
NOTE
As shown in Figure 2-1, the PCU is fully controlled by the BSC. In this case, the BSC is directly connected
to the SGSN.
Functions of each NE in the GSM/GPRS Network

Table 2-1 describes the functions of each NE in the GSM/GPRS network.
Table 2-1 Functions of each NE in the GSM/GPRS network
NE Description of Functions
BTS The BTS performs the following functions: power control, handover
control, transmission and reception of radio signals, coding/decoding
of the signals on the Um interface, and encryption/decryption of the
signals on the Um interface.
2-2 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2008-10-20)

BSC Product Description 2 Position of the BSC in the GSM/GPRS Network
NE Description of Functions
BSC The BSC performs the following functions: radio resource

management, connection management, and BTS management.
PCU The PCU performs the following functions: packet radio resource
management, packet call control, transmission of data packet on the
Pb and Gb interfaces.
SGSN The SGSN performs the following functions: data packet

transmission, network congestion detection, network status detection,
and network management.
MSC The MSC performs the following functions: call control, route
selection, radio resource allocation, mobility management, location
registration, handover control, bill statistics and collection, and
service coordination between the mobile switching network and the
PSTN.
VLR The VLR stores the temporary information about the MSs.
AUC The AUC stores the information about the private keys of MSs, and
authenticates the validity of the MSs.
HLR The HLR is a database used for managing MSs. It stores the following
information: MS subscription information, location of each MS,
MSISDN, and IMSI.

BSC Product Description 3 Introduction to the BSC
3 Introduction to the BSC
About This Chapter
This describes the physical, logical, and software structures of the BSC.
3.1 BSC Physical Structure

This describes the physical structure of the BSC, including the cabinet, cables, LMT computers,
and alarm box.
3.2 BSC Logical Structure
Logically, the BSC system consists of the time division multiplexing (TDM) switching
subsystem, Gigabit Ethernet (GE) switching subsystem, service processing subsystem, service
control subsystem, interface processing subsystem, clock subsystem, power subsystem, and
environment monitoring subsystem.
3.3 BSC Software Structure
The software of the BSC has a distributed architecture. It is classified into the host software,
OMU software, and LMT software.

3 Introduction to the BSC BSC Product Description
3.1 BSC Physical Structure

This describes the physical structure of the BSC, including the cabinet, cables, LMT computers,
and alarm box.
Physical Structure of the BSC

Figure 3-1 shows the physical structure of the BSC.
Figure 3-1 Physical structure of the BSC

OM equipment room Equipment room
Optical cable to other NEs
Trunk cable to other NEs
Alarm box Ethernet Ethernet cable to other NEs
cable PGND cable to the PDF
Power cable to the PDF
Serial port
cable
……
LMT
……
Ethernet
cable
LMT GBCR GBSR GBSR
LMT: Local Maintenance Terminal PDF: Power Distribution Frame
Table 3-1 lists the components of the BSC.
Table 3-1 Components of the BSC
Component Description Refer to...
GBCR The GBCR provides switching GBCR (Configuration Type A)

and processes services for the and GBCR (Configuration Type
BSC. One GBCR is configured B)
in a BSC.
GBSR The GBSR processes various GBSR Cabinet

services for the BSC. The
number of GBSRs to be
configured depends on the
traffic volume. Zero to three
GBSRs can be configured.

Component Description Refer to...
BSC Cables BSC cables are classified into BSC Cables

the Ethernet cable, optical cable,
and trunk cable. The number of
BSC cables to be configured
depends on actual requirements.
BSC LMT The LMT is a computer that is LMT-Related Definitions

installed with the LMT software
package and is connected to the
OM network of the NEs. It is
mandatory for the BSC.
Alarm box The alarm box can generate User manual delivered with the
audible and visual alarms. It is alarm box
optional for the BSC.
Components of the BSC Cabinet

Figure 3-2 shows the front view of the BSC cabinet.

Figure 3-2 Front view of the BSC cabinet
Table 3-2 describes the components in the BSC cabinet.
Table 3-2 Components in the BSC Cabinet

BSC Description Refer to...
Subrack
GMPS The GMPS is configured in the GBCR. Configuration of the GMPS

Each BSC must be configured with (Configuration Type A) and
one GMPS. Configuration of the GMPS
(Configuration Type B)

BSC Description Refer to...

Subrack
GEPS The GEPS is configured in the GBCR Configuration of the GEPS

or GBSR. The BSC can be configured
with zero to three GEPSs.
GTCS The GTCS is configured in the GBCR Configuration of the GTCS

or GBSR. The BSC can be configured
with zero to four GTCSs.
Power Each cabinet must be configured with l BSC Common Power Distribution
distributio one power distribution box. Box
n box l BSC High-Power Distribution Box
GIMS A set of the KVM, GBAM, and LAN l KVM

switch is referred to as the GSM l LAN Switch
Integrated Management System
(GIMS). The GIMS is configured in l GBAM
subrack 0 of the GBCR.
If the BSC adopts Configuration
Type A, the GIMS is mandatory.
Otherwise, the GIMS is not required.
3.2 BSC Logical Structure

Logically, the BSC system consists of the time division multiplexing (TDM) switching
subsystem, Gigabit Ethernet (GE) switching subsystem, service processing subsystem, service
control subsystem, interface processing subsystem, clock subsystem, power subsystem, and
environment monitoring subsystem.
Figure 3-3 shows the logical structure of the BSC.

Figure 3-3 Logical structure of the BSC

To BTS
Service Interface
Clock To PCU/SGSN
control processing
subsystem To MSC/MGW
subsystem subsystem
Environment GE TDM
monitoring switching switching
subsystem subsystem subsystem
Power Service
subsystem processing
subsystem
GBAM/GOMU
LMT/M2000
The interface processing subsystem of the BSC provides the Pb or Gb interface, depending on
the types of PCU.
l When the built-in PCU is used, the interface processing subsystem provides the Gb interface
to enable the communication between the BSC and the SGSN.
l When the external PCU is used, the interface processing subsystem provides the Pb
interface to enable the communication between the BSC and the PCU.
The interface processing subsystem of the BSC cannot provide the Gb interface and Pb interface
simultaneously.
The interface processing subsystem supports different transmission modes over the A interface:
l When the IP transmission is used, the A interface enables the communication between the
BSC and the MGW.
l When the TDM transmission is used, the A interface enables the communication between
the BSC and the MSC/MGW.
The interface processing subsystem of the BSC does not support the two transmission modes
simultaneously.
3.3 BSC Software Structure

The software of the BSC has a distributed architecture. It is classified into the host software,
OMU software, and LMT software.
Host Software
The host software runs on various service boards. It consists of the operating system, middleware,
and application software. Figure 3-4 shows the structure of the host software.

Figure 3-4 Structure of the host software
Application software
Middleware
Operating system
l Operating system
The operating system adopted in the BSC is VxWorks, which is an embedded real-time
operating system.
l Middleware
The Distributed Object-oriented Programmable Realtime Architecture (DOPRA) and
Platform of Advanced Radio Controller (PARC) middleware ensure that the upper-level
application software is independent of the lower-level operating system. The middleware
enables software functions to be transplanted between different platforms.
l Application software
Different boards are configured with different types of application software. The
application software is classified into radio resource processing software, resource control
plane processing software, BTS management software, and configuration management and
maintenance software.
OMU Software
The operation maintenance unit (OMU) software runs on the GBAM server or on the GOMU
to perform the operation and maintenance of the BSC. Figure 3-5 shows the structure of the
OMU software.
Figure 3-5 Structure of the OMU software
OMU software
Middleware
Operating system
l Operating system
The OMU software runs on the Linux operating system.
l Middleware

The DOPRA middleware ensures that the upper-level application software is independent
of the lower-level operating system. Thus, the middleware enables software functions to
be transplanted between different platforms.
The application software performs the functions of different logical entities in the GBAM/
GOMU.
LMT Software
The LMT software, which consists of the operating system and application software, runs on
the LMT computer. Figure 3-6 shows the structure of the LMT software.
Figure 3-6 Structure of LMT software
Application software
Operating system
l Operating system
The LMT runs on the Windows 2000 Professional or Windows XP Professional operating
system.
The application software provides access to the operation and maintenance of the BSC.
The software package consists of the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal, BSC6000
Online Help, Site Maintenance Terminal System, LMT Service Manager, Local
Maintenance Terminal, Performance Browser tool, and Convert Management System.
NOTE
The BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal provides a graphic user interface (GUI) for performing
operation and maintenance. The Local Maintenance Terminal is also called the MML client, which
provides MML commands for the users. Both of them support the maintenance and data configuration
of the BSC and the BTSs connected to the BSC.

BSC Product Description 4 BSC Hardware Configuration
4 BSC Hardware Configuration
About This Chapter
The GBAM and GOMU are the operation and maintenance entities of the BSC. There are two
types of BSC hardware configuration: configuration type A and configuration type B. In
configuration type A, the BSC is configured with the GBAM. In configuration type B, the BSC
is configured with the GOMU. One BSC can use only one configuration type.
4.1 BSC Hardware Configuration

This describes three types of BSC subracks, two installation modes of the GTCS, three
combination modes of BSC subracks, two types of PCU, and two types of hardware
configuration.
4.2 BSC Hardware Configuration Type A
The BSC hardware configuration type A refers to the BSC configured with the GBAM, which
enables the communication between the BSC and the LMT. The number of BSC cabinets and
BSC subracks varies with the capacity requirements for the BSC.
4.3 BSC Hardware Configuration Type B
In BSC hardware configuration type B, the BSC is configured with the GOMU, which enables
the communication between the BSC and the LMT. The number of BSC cabinets and BSC
subracks varies with the capacity requirements for the BSC.

4 BSC Hardware Configuration BSC Product Description
4.1 BSC Hardware Configuration

This describes three types of BSC subracks, two installation modes of the GTCS, three
combination modes of BSC subracks, two types of PCU, and two types of hardware
configuration.
BSC Subrack
The BSC subracks can be classified into the following types:
l GMPS
l GEPS
l GTCS
Generally, both the GMPS and GEPS are referred to as the BM subrack, and the GTCS is referred
to as the TC subrack.
Both the BM subracks and the TC subracks have two interconnection modes.
l Inter-Subrack TDM Interconnections

The inter-subrack TDM interconnections between one BM subrack and another BM
subrack and between one TC subrack and another TC subrack are established through the
inter-GTNU cables. 5.1 Physical Structure of the BSC TDM Switching Subsystem
l Inter-Subrack GE Interconnections
The GSCUs in the BM subracks or in the TC subracks are connected in star topology. The
subrack located in the center of the star topology is referred to as the main subrack, and the
subracks connected to the main subrack are referred to as extension subracks. For the inter-
subrack GE interconnection of BM subracks, the GMPS must be the main subrack, and the
GEPS must be the extension subrack. For the inter-subrack GE interconnection of TC
subracks, any TC subrack can be the main subrack, and the other TC subracks must be
extension subracks. 6.1 Physical Structure of the BSC GE Switching Subsystem
Installation Modes of the GTCS

The installation modes of the GTCS are classified into local configuration and remote
configuration based on the location of the GTCS.
In local configuration mode, the GTCS and the GMPS/GEPS can be configured in the same
cabinet. In this case, the GSCU in the GMPS and the GSCU in the GTCS are connected through
crossover cables.
In remote configuration mode, the GTCS and the GMPS/GEPS are configured in different
subracks. In other words, the GTCSs are configured in an independent GBSR. In this case, the
GSCU in the GMPS is not connected to the GSCU in the GTCS.
l Figure 4-1 shows the OM path between the GMPS and the GTCS in the case of the local
configuration mode.
l Figure 4-2 shows the OM path between the GMPS and the GTCS in the case of the remote
configuration mode.

Figure 4-1 OM path between the GMPS and the main GTCS (in local GTCS mode)
GMPS
G
OM information Service
S
GBAM/GOMU board
C
U
Extension GTCS Main GTCS
G G
Service S S Service
board C C board
U U
Figure 4-2 OM path between the GMPS and the main GTCS (in remote GTCS mode)
GMPS
Service
G
OM information board
S
GBAM/GOMU
C
GEIUT
U
G G GEIUT
Service S S
board C C Service
U U board
As shown in Figure 4-1, when OM is performed on the local GTCS, the OM information is
carried by the GE link between the GSCU in the GMPS and the GSCU in the main GTCS. The
transmission rate is fast.
As shown in Figure 4-2, when OM is performed on the remote GTCS, the OM information is
carried by the E1/T1 link between the GEIUT/GOIUT in the GMPS and the GEIUT/GOIUT in
the main GTCS. The transmission rate is slow.
The application scenarios of the local GTCS and remote GTCS are as follows: If the distance
between the GSCU in the GMPS and the GSCU in the main GTCS exceeds the maximum length
of a crossover cable, the remote GTCS should be configured. Otherwise, the local GTCS should
be configured. The maximum length of the crossover cables delivered on site is 10 m. If the
distance between the GMPS and the main GTCS exceeds 10 m, the remote GTCS should be
configured. Otherwise, the local GTCS should be configured.

Configuration Modes of BSC Subracks

The BSC subracks support the following configuration modes:
l BM/TC separated
In BM/TC separated configuration mode, the BSC consists of the GMPS/GEPS and GTCS.
The GTCS can be configured on the BSC side or on the MSC side.
Characteristics: In this configuration mode, the GTCS can be configured flexibly. The
GTCS can be configured in an independent GBSR on the MSC side, thus saving the
transmission resources between the BSC and the MSC. The GTCS can be configured on
the BSC side and share a cabinet with other subracks.
l BM/TC combined
In BM/TC combined configuration mode, the TC function is performed by the GMPS or
GEPS. When the TC is configured in the GMPS, the subrack is still referred to as the GMPS.
When the TC is configured in the GEPS, the subrack is still referred to as the GEPS. In
BM/TC combined configuration mode, the TC function is performed by the GDPUX.
Characteristics: Compared with the BM/TC separated configuration mode, the BSC in BM/
TC combined configuration mode has a high density of integration. In addition, when the
capacity is the same, the BSC in BM/TC combined configuration mode has fewer cabinets
and subracks.
l A over IP
In A over IP configuration mode, the BSC consists of the GMPS/GEPS and is not
configured with the GTCS. In this case, layer 3 of the A interface protocol stack uses IP,
and the TC function is performed by the MGW. Thus, the GTCS is not required.
Characteristics: In A over IP configuration mode, the BSC has few cabinets and subracks.
In this case, the BSC must be connected to the Huawei MGW.
Types of PCU
The BSC supports two types of PCU: built-in PCU and external PCU.
l The external PCU is an independent network element that provides PS service processing
functions. It communicates with the BSC over the Pb interface, and communicates with
the SGSN over the Gb interface.
Characteristics: The external PCU requires a large floor area and is difficult for installation
and maintenance.
l The built-in PCU is the GDPUP, which provides PS service processing functions. The
GDPUP is configured in the GMPS/GEPS.
Application scenario: Compared with the external PCU, the built-in PCU is a board that
can be installed in a BSC subrack. The built-in PCU features small footprint, easy cabling,
and convenient installation and maintenance.
The requirements for the configuration of the PCU vary with the transmission modes over the
Abis interface.
l When the HDLC protocol is used for layer 2 or the IP protocol is used for layer 3 of the
protocol stack on the Abis interface, the BSC must use the built-in PCU.
l If TDM transmission is used over the Abis interface, the BSC can use either the built-in
PCU or the external PCU.

BSC Hardware Configuration Types

The BSC supports two types of server: GBAM and GOMU. The GBAM/GOMU enables the
communication between the Local Maintenance Terminal and the BSC.
l The GBAM is independent from the BSC components. It is connected to the GSCU in the
GMPS through the FE/GE port. If the GBAM is used, it is configured in subrack 0 of the
GBCR.
Characteristics: The GBAM occupies the space of one subrack in the GBCR. In addition,
the cable connections for the GBAM are complex.
l The GOMU is a type of board in the BSC. One GOMU occupies two slots. The GOMU
should be installed in slots 00 to 03 or slots 20 to 23 in the GMPS.
Characteristics: Compared with the GBAM, the GOMU requires a small installation space.
In addition, the GOMU features simple cable connection and easy installation and
maintenance.
The BSC hardware configuration is classified into configuration type A and configuration type
B based on the server used.
l In configuration type A, the BSC is configured with the GBAM.

l In configuration type B, the BSC is configured with the GOMU. Compared with
configuration type A, the BSC in configuration type B can save a subrack. In addition, the
cable connection is simple and the installation and maintenance is easy.
4.2 BSC Hardware Configuration Type A

The BSC hardware configuration type A refers to the BSC configured with the GBAM, which
enables the communication between the BSC and the LMT. The number of BSC cabinets and
BSC subracks varies with the capacity requirements for the BSC.
4.2.1 BM/TC Separated (Configuration Type A)

In the BM/TC separated (configuration type A), the BSC is configured with the GBAM, and the
BM and TC are configured in different subracks. The following describes the maximum,
minimum, and recommended configurations.
4.2.2 BM/TC Combined (Configuration Type A)
In the BM/TC combined (configuration type A), the BSC is configured with the GBAM, and
the BM and TC are configured in the same subrack. The following describes the maximum,
4.2.3 A over IP (Configuration Type A)
In the A over IP (configuration type A), the BSC is configured with the GBAM, and IP
transmission is used on the A interface. The following describes the maximum, minimum, and
recommended configurations.
4.2.1 BM/TC Separated (Configuration Type A)

In the BM/TC separated (configuration type A), the BSC is configured with the GBAM, and the
BM and TC are configured in different subracks. The following describes the maximum,

Minimum Configuration
In the minimum configuration, the BSC is configured with one GMPS, one GTCS, and one
GIMS. In this case, the BSC supports 512 TRXs. The number of cabinets to be configured varies
with the location of the GTCS.
l When the GTCS is configured on the BSC side, a minimum of one cabinet must be
configured, as shown in Figure 4-3.
l When the GTCS is configured on the MSC side, a minimum of two cabinets must be
Figure 4-3 BSC minimum configuration (GTCS configured on the BSC side)
GTCS
GMPS
GIMS
GBCR
Figure 4-4 BSC minimum configuration (GTCS configured on the MSC side)
Empty
Empty
Empty
GMPS
GIMS GTCS
GBCR GBSR
Maximum Configuration
The maximum configuration of the BSC is achieved through capacity expansion from its
minimum configuration. The BSC in the maximum configuration supports 2,048 TRXs. In

maximum configuration, the number of cabinets to be configured varies with the transmission
modes used on the A interface.
When E1/T1 transmission is used on the A interface, the BSC can be configured with one GMPS,
three GEPSs, four GTCSs, and one GIMS in maximum configuration. The number of cabinets
to be configured varies, depending on the location of the GTCS.
l When the GTCS is configured on the BSC side, a maximum of three cabinets can be
l When the GTCS is configured on the MSC side, a maximum four cabinets can be
Figure 4-5 BSC maximum configuration (GTCS configured on the BSC side)
GEPS GTCS GTCS
GMPS GEPS GTCS
GIMS GEPS GTCS
GBCR GBSR GBSR
Figure 4-6 BSC maximum configuration (GTCS configured on the MSC side)
GEPS Empty GTCS Empty
GMPS GEPS GTCS Empty
GIMS GEPS GTCS GTCS
GBCR GBSR GBSR GBSR
When STM-1 transmission is used on the A interface, the BSC can be configured with one
GMPS, two GEPSs, two GTCSs, and one GIMS in maximum configuration.

l When the GTCS is configured on the BSC side, a maximum of two cabinets can be
l When the GTCS is configured on the MSC side, a maximum of three cabinets can be
Figure 4-7 BSC maximum configuration (GTCS configured on the BSC side)
GEPS GTCS
GMPS GTCS
GIMS GEPS
GBCR GBSR
Figure 4-8 BSC maximum configuration (GTCS configured on the MSC side)
GEPS Empty Empty
GMPS Empty GTCS
GIMS GEPS GTCS
GBCR GBSR GBSR
Recommended Configuration
Table 4-1 lists the recommended configuration of the BSC. You can choose the appropriate
configuration based on the actual requirements.

Table 4-1 Recommended configuration of the BSC

Configurat Number of Cabinets Number of Remarks
ion TRXs
GTCS GTCS
Configured Configured on
on the BSC the MSC Side
Side
1×GMPS 1 2 512 The E1/T1 or

+1×GTCS STM-1
+GIMS transmission is
used on the Abis/
Ater interface. The
E1/T1
transmission is
used on the A
interface.
1×GMPS 1 2 512 The E1/T1 or

+1×GTCS STM-1
used on the Abis/
Ater interface. The
STM-1
transmission is
used on the A
interface.
1xGMPS 2 2 1 280 The E1/T1 or

+1xGEPS STM-1
+2xGTCS used on the Abis/
Ater interface. The
E1/T1
transmission is
used on the A
interface.
1xGMPS 2 2 1 280 The E1/T1 or

+1xGEPS STM-1
+1xGTCS used on the Abis/
Ater interface. The
STM-1
transmission is
used on the A
interface.


ion TRXs
GTCS GTCS
Configured Configured on
on the BSC the MSC Side
Side
1×GMPS 3 4 2 048 The E1/T1 or

+3×GEPS STM-1
+4×GTCS used on the Abis/
Ater interface. The
E1/T1
transmission is
used on the A
interface.
1×GMPS 2 3 2 048 The E1/T1 or

+2×GEPS STM-1
+2×GTCS used on the Abis/
Ater interface. The
STM-1
transmission is
used on the A
interface.
4.2.2 BM/TC Combined (Configuration Type A)

In the BM/TC combined (configuration type A), the BSC is configured with the GBAM, and
the BM and TC are configured in the same subrack. The following describes the maximum,
In minimum configuration, the BSC is configured with one GMPS and one GIMS, as shown in
Figure 4-9.
Figure 4-9 BSC minimum configuration
Empty
GMPS
GIMS
GBCR

In minimum configuration, the number of TRXs that can be configured varies with the
transmission modes used on the A interface.
l If the E1/T1 transmission is used on the A interface, the BSC in the minimum configuration
supports 256 TRXs.
l If the STM-1 transmission is used on the A interface, the BSC in the minimum configuration
supports 384 TRXs.
minimum configuration. One BSC supports up to 2,048 TRXs and 15,360 speech channels. In
the maximum configuration, the number of subracks to be configured varies with the
l When E1/T1 transmission is used on the A interface, the BSC can be configured with one
GMPS, three GEPSs, and one GIMS in maximum configuration. In this case, the BSC
supports up to 1,792 TRXs. See Figure 4-10.
l When STM-1 transmission is used on the A interface, the BSC can be configured with one
GMPS, two GEPSs, and one GIMS in maximum configuration. In this case, the BSC
supports up to 2,048 TRXs. See Figure 4-11.
Figure 4-10 BSC maximum configuration (E1/T1 transmission used on the A interface)
GEPS Empty
GMPS GEPS
GIMS GEPS
GBCR GBSR

Figure 4-11 BSC maximum configuration (STM-1 transmission used on the A interface)
GEPS Empty
GMPS Empty
GIMS GEPS
GBCR GBSR
Configuration Number of Number of Remarks

Cabinets TRXs
1xGMPS+1xGIMS 1 256 The E1/T1, STM-1, or FE/

GE transmission is used on
the Abis interface. The E1/
T1 transmission is used on
the A interface.
1xGMPS+1xGIMS 1 384 The E1/T1, STM-1, or FE/

GE transmission is used on
the Abis interface. The
STM-1 transmission is used
on the A interface.
1×GMPS+1×GEPS 1 768 The E1/T1, STM-1, or FE/

+1×GIMS GE transmission is used on
the A interface.
1×GMPS+1×GEPS 1 1,280 The E1/T1, STM-1, or FE/

on the A interface.


Cabinets TRXs

the A interface.

on the A interface.

the A interface.
4.2.3 A over IP (Configuration Type A)

In the A over IP (configuration type A), the BSC is configured with the GBAM, and IP
transmission is used on the A interface. The following describes the maximum, minimum, and
recommended configurations.
In the minimum configuration, the BSC is configured with one GMPS. In this case, the BSC
supports 512 TRXs and 3,840 speech channels. See Figure 4-12.
Empty
GMPS
GIMS
GBCR

minimum configuration. In the maximum configuration, the BSC is configured with one GMPS
and two GEPSs, as shown in Figure 4-13. In this case, the BSC supports up to 2,048 TRXs and
15,360 speech channels.
Figure 4-13 BSC maximum configuration
GEPS Empty
GMPS Empty
GIMS GEPS
GBCR GBSR

Cabinets TRXs
1xGMPS+1xGIMS 1 512 The E1/T1, STM-1, or FE/GE

transmission is used on the Abis
interface. The FE/GE
transmission is used on the A
interface.
1×GMPS+1×GEPS 1 1 280 The E1/T1, STM-1, or FE/GE

+1×GIMS transmission is used on the Abis
interface.
1×GMPS+2×GEPS 2 2 048 The E1/T1, STM-1, or FE/GE

+1×GIMS transmission is used on the Abis
interface.

4.3 BSC Hardware Configuration Type B

In BSC hardware configuration type B, the BSC is configured with the GOMU, which enables
the communication between the BSC and the LMT. The number of BSC cabinets and BSC
subracks varies with the capacity requirements for the BSC.
4.3.1 BM/TC Separated (Configuration Type B)
In the BM/TC separated (configuration type B), the BSC is configured with the active and
standby GOMUs, and the BM and TC are configured in different subracks. The following
describes the maximum, minimum, and recommended configurations.
4.3.2 BM/TC Combined (Configuration Type B)
In the BM/TC combined (configuration type B), the BSC is configured with the active and
standby GOMUs, and the BM and TC are configured in the same subrack. The following
4.3.3 A over IP (Configuration Type B)
In the A over IP (configuration type B), the BSC is configured with the active and standby
GOMUs, and IP transmission is used on the A interface. The following describes the maximum,
4.3.1 BM/TC Separated (Configuration Type B)

In the BM/TC separated (configuration type B), the BSC is configured with the active and
standby GOMUs, and the BM and TC are configured in different subracks. The following
In the minimum configuration, the BSC is configured with one GMPS and one GTCS. In this
case, the BSC supports 512 TRXs and 3,840 speech channels.
The number of cabinets to be configured for a BSC varies with the location of the GTCS.
l When the GTCS is configured locally, a minimum of one cabinet must be configured, as
shown in Figure 4-14.
l When the GTCS is configured remotely, a minimum of two cabinets must be configured,
as shown in Figure 4-15.
Figure 4-14 BSC minimum configuration (GTCS configured locally)
Empty
GTCS
GMPS
GBCR

Figure 4-15 BSC minimum configuration (GTCS configured remotely)
Empty Empty
Empty Empty
GMPS GTCS
GBCR GBSR
maximum configuration, the number of cabinets to be configured varies with the transmission
modes used on the A interface.
When E1/T1 transmission is used on the A interface, the BSC can be configured with one GMPS,
three GEPSs, and four GTCSs in maximum configuration. The number of cabinets to be
configured varies, depending on the location of the GTCS.
l When the GTCS is configured locally, a maximum of three cabinets can be configured, as
l When the GTCS is configured remotely, a maximum four cabinets can be configured, as
Figure 4-16 BSC maximum configuration (GTCS configured locally)
GEPS GTCS Empty
GEPS GTCS GTCS
GMPS GEPS GTCS
GBCR GBSR GBSR

Figure 4-17 BSC maximum configuration (GTCS configured remotely)
GMPS GEPS GTCS GTCS
GBCR GBSR GBSR GBSR
If STM-1 transmission is used on the A interface, the BSC can be configured with one GMPS,
two GEPSs, and two GTCSs in the maximum configuration.
l When the GTCS is configured locally, a maximum of two cabinets can be configured, as
l When the GTCS is configured remotely, a maximum of two cabinets can be configured,
Figure 4-18 BSC maximum configuration (GTCS configured locally)
GEPS Empty
GEPS GTCS
GMPS GTCS
GBCR GBSR

Figure 4-19 BSC maximum configuration (GTCS configured remotely)
GEPS Empty
GEPS GTCS
GMPS GTCS
GBCR GBSR

ion TRXs
GTCS GTCS
Configured Configured
Locally Remotely
1 x GMPS + 1 2 512 The E1/T1 or

1 x GTCS STM-1
transmission is
used on the Abis/
Ater interface. The
E1/T1
transmission is
used on the A
interface.
1 x GMPS + 1 2 512 The E1/T1 or

1 x GTCS STM-1
transmission is
used on the Abis/
Ater interface. The
STM-1
transmission is
used on the A
interface.


ion TRXs
GTCS GTCS
Configured Configured
Locally Remotely
1 x GMPS + 2 2 1,280 The E1/T1 or

1 x GEPS + STM-1
2 x GTCS transmission is
used on the Abis/
Ater interface. The
E1/T1
transmission is
used on the A
interface.
1 x GMPS + 1 2 1,280 The E1/T1 or

1 x GEPS + STM-1
used on the Abis/
Ater interface. The
STM-1
transmission is
used on the A
interface.
1 x GMPS + 3 4 2,048 The E1/T1 or

3 x GEPS + STM-1
used on the Abis/
Ater interface. The
E1/T1
transmission is
used on the A
interface.
1 x GMPS + 2 2 2,048 The E1/T1 or

2 x GEPS + STM-1
used on the Abis/
Ater interface. The
STM-1
transmission is
used on the A
interface.
4.3.2 BM/TC Combined (Configuration Type B)

In the BM/TC combined (configuration type B), the BSC is configured with the active and
standby GOMUs, and the BM and TC are configured in the same subrack. The following

In minimum configuration, the BSC is configured with one GMPS, as shown in Figure 4-20.
Empty
Empty
GMPS
GBCR
In minimum configuration, the number of TRXs that can be configured varies with the
l If the E1/T1 transmission is used on the A interface, the BSC minimum configuration
supports 256 TRXs.
l If the STM-1 transmission is used on the A interface, the BSC minimum configuration
supports 384 TRXs.
the maximum configuration, the number of cabinets and subracks to be configured varies with
the transmission modes used on the A interface.
l If E1/T1 transmission is used on the A interface, the BSC can be configured with one GMPS
and three GEPSs in maximum configuration. In this case, the BSC supports up to 1,792
TRXs. See Figure 4-21.
l If STM-1 transmission is used on the A interface, the BSC can be configured with one
GMPS and two GEPSs in maximum configuration. In this case, the BSC supports up to
2,048 TRXs. See Figure 4-22.

Figure 4-21 BSC maximum configuration (E1/T1 transmission used on the A interface)
GEPS Empty
GEPS Empty
GMPS GEPS
GBCR GBSR
Figure 4-22 BSC maximum configuration (STM-1 transmission used on the A interface)
GEPS
GEPS
GMPS
GBCR


Configuration Number Number of Remarks
of TRXs
Cabinets
1×GMPS 1 256 The E1/T1, STM-1, or FE/GE

interface. The E1/T1 transmission is
used on the A interface.

interface. The STM-1 transmission is

+1×GEPS transmission is used on the Abis
1×GMPS 1 1,280 The E1/T1, STM-1, or FE/GE




4.3.3 A over IP (Configuration Type B)

In the A over IP (configuration type B), the BSC is configured with the active and standby
GOMUs, and IP transmission is used on the A interface. The following describes the maximum,
In the minimum configuration, the BSC is configured with one GMPS. In this case, the BSC
supports 512 TRXs and 3,840 speech channels. See Figure 4-23.

Empty
Empty
GMPS
GBCR
minimum configuration. In the maximum configuration, the BSC is configured with one GMPS
and two GEPSs, as shown in Figure 4-24. In this case, the BSC supports up to 2,048 TRXs and
15,360 speech channels.
Figure 4-24 BSC maximum configuration
GEPS
GEPS
GMPS
GBCR


Configuration Number of Number of TRXs Remarks
Cabinets
1×GMPS 1 512 The E1/T1, STM-1, or

FE/GE transmission is
used on the Abis
transmission is used on
the A interface.
1×GMPS 1 1,280 The E1/T1, STM-1, or

+1×GEPS FE/GE transmission is
used on the Abis
the A interface.
1×GMPS 1 2,048 The E1/T1, STM-1, or

+2×GEPS FE/GE transmission is
used on the Abis
the A interface.

BSC Product Description 5 BSC TDM Switching Subsystem
5 BSC TDM Switching Subsystem
About This Chapter
The Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) switching subsystem performs data exchange in the
circuit switched (CS) domain.
5.1 Physical Structure of the BSC TDM Switching Subsystem

The BSC TDM switching subsystem consists of the GTNU, GDPUX, interface boards,
backplane in the subrack, and inter-GTNU cables.
5.2 Logical Structure of the BSC TDM Switching Subsystem
Logically, the BSC TDM switching subsystem consists of the TDM switching unit, TDM access
unit, and TDM processing unit.

5 BSC TDM Switching Subsystem BSC Product Description
5.1 Physical Structure of the BSC TDM Switching

Subsystem
The BSC TDM switching subsystem consists of the GTNU, GDPUX, interface boards,
backplane in the subrack, and inter-GTNU cables.
Inter-Subrack TDM Interconnections

Inter-subrack TDM interconnections are classified into two types:
l TDM interconnections between the GMPS and the GEPS

The TDM interconnections between the GMPS and the GEPS are established through the
inter-GTNU cables, as shown in Figure 5-1.
l TDM interconnections between the GTCSs
In BM/TC separated configuration mode, the TDM interconnections between the GTCSs
exist. The TDM interconnections between the GTCSs are also established through inter-
GTNU cables, as shown in Figure 5-2.
Figure 5-1 TDM interconnections between GMPS and GEPS
GMPS/GEPS GEPS
G G G G
G G G G
E E E E
T T T T
I I I I
N N N N
U U U U
U U U U
B T B T
Active Standby Active Standby
Figure 5-2 TDM interconnections between GTCSs
GTCS GTCS
G G G G
G G G G G G
E E E E
T T D T T D
I I I I
N N P N N P
U U U U
U U U U U U
T A T A
X X
Active Standby Active Standby

BSC Product Description 5 BSC TDM Switching Subsystem
In BM/TC separated configuration mode, the GMPS/GEPS communicates with the GTCS over
the Ater interface. In this case, there are no inter-subrack TDM interconnections between the
GMPS/GEPS and the GTCS.
The BSC supports the TDM interconnections of up to four subracks. The combination of the
four subracks is as follows:
l One GMPS and three GEPSs
l Four GTCSs
Intra-Subrack TDM Interconnections

Figure 5-3 shows the intra-subrack TDM interconnections of the GMPS/GEPS/GTCS. Note
that the TDM interconnections in the GMPS, GEPS, and GTCS are the same.
Figure 5-3 Intra-subrack TDM interconnections
GMPS/GEPS/GTCS
Active GTNU Standby GTNU
Service board 1 Service board 2 …… Service board 24
As shown in Figure 5-3, the GTNU works in active/standby mode. The other boards in the
subrack communicate with the active and standby GTNUs through the TDM paths of the
backplane.
5.2 Logical Structure of the BSC TDM Switching Subsystem

Logically, the BSC TDM switching subsystem consists of the TDM switching unit, TDM access
unit, and TDM processing unit.
Figure 5-4 shows the logical structure of the BSC TDM switching subsystem.

5 BSC TDM Switching Subsystem BSC Product Description
Figure 5-4 Logical structure of the BSC TDM switching subsystem
GMPS
TDM access unit GTCS
TDM access unit TDM

switching
TDM switching unit TDM processing unit
unit
GTCS
GEPS
TDM access unit
TDM switching unit TDM
switching
TDM processing unit
unit
TDM access unit
E1/T1 cable or TDM path on the

Inter-GTNU cable
optical cable backplane
TDM Switching Unit

The functions of the TDM switching unit are performed by the GTNU. The TDM switching unit
supports 128Kx128K TDM switching and provides CS data switching links in the BSC. The
GTNU provides 30 low voltage differential signal (LVDS) high-speed serial ports. Where, 24
LVDS high-speed serial ports enable the TDM switching between the ports on the GTNU panel
and the backplane, and the other 6 LVDS high-speed serial ports enable the TDM switching
between GTNUs. Each route of the TDM switching has a bandwidth of 64 kbit/s.
TDM Access Unit

The functions of the TDM access unit are performed by the GEIUA/GOIUA, GEIUB/GOIUB,
GEIUP/GOIUP, GEIUT/GOIUT. Each board supports 32Kx32K TDM switching. Each board
provides two LVDS high-speed serial ports to enable the TDM switching between the port on
the board (GEIUA/GOIUA, GEIUB/GOIUB, GEIUP/GOIUP, or GEIUT/GOIUT) panel and
the backplane. As shown in Figure 5-4, the TDM switching between the GMPS/GEPS and the
GTCS is performed by the GEIUT/GOIUT in each subrack.
TDM Processing Unit

The functions of the TDM processing unit are performed by the GDPUX. The TDM processing
unit supports 16Kx16K TDM switching. Each GDPUX provides two LVDS high-speed serial
ports to enable the TDM switching between the digital signal processing (DSP) module in the
GDPUX and the backplane.

BSC Product Description 6 BSC GE Switching Subsystem
6 BSC GE Switching Subsystem
About This Chapter
The Gigabit Ethernet (GE) switching subsystem performs the GE switching and packet switching
of the signaling and OM information in the BSC.
6.1 Physical Structure of the BSC GE Switching Subsystem

The BSC GE switching subsystem consists of the backplane of the subrack, GSCU, and inter-
GSCU Ethernet cables.
6.2 Logical Structure of the BSC GE Switching Subsystem
Logically, the BSC GE switching subsystem consists of the central processing unit, network
unit, and interface unit.
6.3 Features of BSC GE Switching
This describes the features of the BSC GE switching.

6 BSC GE Switching Subsystem BSC Product Description
6.1 Physical Structure of the BSC GE Switching Subsystem

The BSC GE switching subsystem consists of the backplane of the subrack, GSCU, and inter-
GSCU Ethernet cables.
Inter-Subrack GE Interconnections
Inter-subrack GE interconnections are classified into two types:
l GE interconnection between the GMPS and the GEPS
The GMPS serves as the main subrack, and a maximum of three GEPSs serve as extension
subracks. The GMPS and the GEPSs are connected in the star topology through Ethernet
cables between the GSCUs, as shown in Figure 6-1.
l GE interconnection between the GTCSs
One GTCS works as the main subrack, and a maximum of three GTCSs work as extension
subracks. The GTCSs are connected in the star topology through the GSCUs, as shown in
Figure 6-2.
Figure 6-1 GE interconnection between the GMPS and the GEPS
Extension GMPS Extension

GEPS GEPS
G G G G G G
S S S S S S
C C C C C C
U U U U U U
Active Standby Active Standby Active Standby
Figure 6-2 GE interconnection between the GTCSs
Extension Main GTCS Extension

GTCS GTCS
G G G G G G
S S S S S S
C C C C C C
U U U U U U
Active Standby Active Standby Active Standby

BSC Product Description 6 BSC GE Switching Subsystem
As shown in Figure 6-1 and Figure 6-2, the active and standby GSCUs in one subrack are
connected to the active and standby GSCUs in another subrack through crossover cables to
achieve GE switching between subracks. The bandwidth of the GE switching between subracks
is 4 Gbit/s.
When GTCSs are configured on the BSC side, the GSCU in the GMPS communicates with the
GSCU in the main GTCS through the inter-GSCU Ethernet cables. When the GTCS is configured
on the MSC side, the GMPS communicates with the main GTCS over the Ater interface. In this
case, the GE interconnection between the GMPS and the main GTCS is not established.
Intra-Subrack GE Interconnection
The intra-subrack GE interconnection refers to the GE interconnection between the active and
standby GSCUs and the other boards in the same subrack, as shown in Figure 6-3.
Figure 6-3 Intra-subrack GE interconnection
GMPS/GEPS/GTCS
Active GSCU Standby GSCU
Service board 1 Service board 2…… Service board 24
As shown in Figure 6-3, in one subrack, the active and standby GSCUs and the other boards
communicate with each other through the GE switching paths on the backplane. The bandwidth
of each GE switching path within a subrack is 2 Gbit/s.
6.2 Logical Structure of the BSC GE Switching Subsystem

Logically, the BSC GE switching subsystem consists of the central processing unit, network
unit, and interface unit.
Figure 6-4 shows the logical structure of the BSC GE switching subsystem.

6 BSC GE Switching Subsystem BSC Product Description
Figure 6-4 Logical structure of the BSC GE switching subsystem
Interface unit Interface unit Interface unit
Central processing Central processing Central processing

unit unit unit
Network unit Network unit Network unit
GSCU GSCU GSCU

GEPS GMPS Main GTCS
Central Processing Unit

The functions of the central processing unit are performed by the GSCU. The central processing
unit performs the following management functions of the GE switching subsystem: initialization,
configuration, maintenance, test, fault management, port trunking management, and switchover
management.
Network Unit
The functions of the network unit are performed by the GSCU. The network unit performs the
Media Access Control (MAC) address self-learning, address entry adding, address entry
deleting, GE line rate switching, L2 unicasting and broadcasting, and port trunking.
Interface Unit
The functions of the interface unit are performed by the GSCU. The interface unit receives and
transmits Ethernet packets.
6.3 Features of BSC GE Switching

This describes the features of the BSC GE switching.
The GE switching has the following features:
l The GSCU and other boards are interconnected in the star topology. In other words, the
communication of any two boards should pass through the GSCU.
l The GSCU supports the centralized and non-blocking line-rate Layer 2 (L2) switching.
l The GSCU provides 60 GE ports, which support 60 Gbit/s line-rate switching.
l The ports on the GSCU support port trunking.

BSC Product Description 7 BSC Service Processing Subsystem
7 BSC Service Processing Subsystem
About This Chapter
The BSC service processing subsystem performs voice coding/decoding, rate matching, and PS
service processing.
7.1 Physical Structure of the BSC Service Processing Subsystem

Physically, the BSC service processing subsystem consists of the GDPUP and GDPUX.
7.2 Logical Structure of the BSC Service Processing Subsystem
Logically, the BSC service processing subsystem consists of the CS service processing
subsystem and PS service processing subsystem. The functions of the CS service processing
subsystem are performed by the CS digital signal processing (DSP) module in the GDPUX. The
functions of the PS service processing subsystem are performed by the PS DSP module in the
GDPUP.

7 BSC Service Processing Subsystem BSC Product Description
7.1 Physical Structure of the BSC Service Processing

Subsystem
Physically, the BSC service processing subsystem consists of the GDPUP and GDPUX.
The number of configured GDPUPs and the number of configured GDPUXs depend on the
traffic volume of CS services and PS services.
l The GDPUX processes CS services. It is recommended that the GDPUX be configured in
slots 08-11 in the GMPS, in slots 00-03, 08-13, and 14-27 in the GEPS, and in slots 00-03
and 08-13 in the GTCS. In different configuration modes of the BSC subracks, the GDPUX
performs different functions:
– In BM/TC separated configuration mode, the GDPUX configured in the GMPS/GEPS
performs IP packet-TRAU conversion and forwarding; the GDPUX configured in the
GTCS performs voice coding/decoding and rate matching.
– In BM/TC combined configuration mode, the GDPUX performs voice coding/decoding
and rate matching. Meanwhile, if the HDLC transmission or IP transmission is used on
the Abis interface, the GDPUX also performs IP packet-TRAU conversion.
– In A over IP configuration mode, the GDPUX performs IP packet-TRAU conversion
and forwarding.
l The GDPUP processes PS services. It is recommended that the GDPUP be configured in
slots 08-11 in the GMPS and in slots 08-13 in the GEPS.
NOTE
When the HDLC transmission or IP transmission is used on the Abis interface, the external PCU
cannot be used. In other words, the BSC must be configured with the GDPUP to process PS services.
Based on the configuration modes of the BSC subracks and different types of PCU, the BSC
service processing subsystem comprises different components:
l In BM/TC separated configuration mode
– When the external PCU is used, the BSC service processing subsystem comprises the
GDPUXs in the GTCS, as shown in Figure 7-1.
– When the built-in PCU is used, the BSC service processing subsystem comprises the
GDPUXs and GDPUPs in the GMPS/GEPS, and the GDPUXs in the GTCS, as shown
in Figure 7-2.
NOTE
In BM/TC separated configuration mode, the GMPS/GEPS is configured with the GDPUX only when the
HDLC transmission or IP transmission is used over the Abis interface.
Figure 7-1 Physical structure of the BSC service processing subsystem (1)
G G G G G
D D D D D
P P P P P
GTCS
U U U U U
X X X X X
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13

G G G G G
D D D D D
P P P P P GTCS
U U U U U
X X X X X
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13
G G G G G
D D D D D
GEPS
P P P P P
U U U U U
P P X X X
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13
G G G
D D D
P P P GMPS
U U U
P X X
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13
l In BM/TC combined or A over IP configuration mode

– When the external PCU is used, the BSC service processing subsystem comprises the
GDPUXs, which are configured in the GMPS/GEPS, as shown in Figure 7-3.
– When the built-in PCU is used, the BSC service processing subsystem comprises the
GDPUP and GDPUX in the GMPS/GEPS, as shown in Figure 7-4.
G G G
D D D
P P P GEPS
U U U
X X X
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13
G G G
D D D
P P P GEPS
U U U
X X X
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13
G G
D D
P P GMPS
U U
X X
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13

G G G G G G
D D D D D D
P P P P P P GEPS
U U U U U U
P P X X X X
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13
G G G G G G
D D D D D D
P P P P P P GEPS
U U U U U U
P P X X X X
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13
G G G G
D D D D
P P P P GMPS
U U U U
P X X X
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13
NOTE
The GDPUX/GDPUP consists of 22 DSP modules. After being loaded with different software, the GDPUX/
GDPUP performs different functions:
l Voice coding/decoding and rate matching
The voice coding/decoding and rate matching functions are performed by the GDPUX. In BM/TC
separated configuration mode, the GDPUX is configured in the GTCS. In BM/TC combined
configuration mode, the GDPUX is configured in the GMPS/GEPS.
l Voice frame format conversion
The voice frame format conversion function is performed by the GDPUX configured in the GMPS/
GEPS.
l PS service processing
The PS service processing function is performed by the GDPUP, which is configured in the GMPS/
GEPS.
At present, all the DSP modules in one GDPUX/GDPUP must be loaded with the same software. Therefore,
they perform the same functions.
7.2 Logical Structure of the BSC Service Processing

Subsystem
Logically, the BSC service processing subsystem consists of the CS service processing
subsystem and PS service processing subsystem. The functions of the CS service processing
subsystem are performed by the CS digital signal processing (DSP) module in the GDPUX. The
functions of the PS service processing subsystem are performed by the PS DSP module in the
GDPUP.

CS Service Processing Subsystem

The functions of the CS service processing subsystem are performed by the CS DSP module in
the GDPUX. Figure 7-5 shows the logical structure of the CS service processing subsystem.
Figure 7-5 Logical structure of the CS service processing subsystem
Compress/Restore
TRAU PCM
TDM TDM
frame frame
switching Encode/Decode switching
subsystem Transmit Transmit subsystem
and receive Covert data format and receive
GE switching data data GE switching
subsystem PTRAU Reorder/Eliminate jitter subsystem
RTP
frame CS DSP module frame
CS service processing subsystem
The following takes the transmission of CS traffic signals from the BSC to the MGW as an
example. When IP transmission is used on both the Abis interface and the A interface, the CS
DSP module processes traffic signals as follows:
1. The CS DSP module receives a PTRAU frame.

2. The CS DSP module converts the PTRAU frame into the RTP frame. It also adjusts the
frame order and eliminates jitter.
3. The RTP frame is switched to the GFGUA by the GSCU, and then is transmitted to the
MGW over the A interface.
PS Service Processing Subsystem

The functions of the PS service processing subsystem are performed by the PS DSP module in
the GDPUP. Figure 7-6 shows the logical structure of the PS service processing subsystem.
Figure 7-6 Logical structure of the PS service processing subsystem
TRAU
TDM frame Covert data format
switching FR/IP
subsystem Transmit Transmit frame GE switching
and receive and receive
subsystem
GE switching data data
subsystem PTRAU Reorder/Eliminate jitter
frame PS DSP module
PS service processing subsystem
The following takes the transmission of PS signals from the BSC to the SGSN as an example.
When IP transmission is used on the Abis interface and on the Gb interface, the service
processing procedure of the PS DSP module is as follows:

1. The PS DSP module of the GDPUP receives a PTRAU frame.

2. The PS DSP module adjusts the frame order and eliminates jitter. It then extracts the RLC/
MAC data blocks and encapsulates the data blocks into LLC PDUs.
3. The LLC PDUs are encapsulated by the PS DSP module at the BSSGP/NS layer and then
switched to the GFGUG by the GSCU. Then, the LLC PDUs are transmitted to the SGSN
over the Gb interface in the form of IP frames.

BSC Product Description 8 BSC Service Control Subsystem
8 BSC Service Control Subsystem
About This Chapter
The BSC service control subsystem performs the following functions: paging control, system
information management, channel assignment, BTS public service management, call control,
packet service control, handover and power control, cell broadcast short message service, BTS
OM, and TC resource pool management.
8.1 Physical Structure of the BSC Service Control Subsystem

This describes the components of the BSC service control subsystem.
8.2 Logical Structure of the BSC Service Control Subsystem
The BSC service control subsystem performs the following functions: paging control, message
management, channel assignment, BTS public service management, call control, packet service
control, handover and power control, cell broadcast short message service, and TC resource pool
management.

8 BSC Service Control Subsystem BSC Product Description
8.1 Physical Structure of the BSC Service Control Subsystem

This describes the components of the BSC service control subsystem.
The components of the BSC service control subsystem are as follows:

l GXPUM and GXPUT configured in the GMPS/GEPS
l GBAM/GOMU
l GSCU configured in the GTCS
8.2 Logical Structure of the BSC Service Control Subsystem

The BSC service control subsystem performs the following functions: paging control, message
management, channel assignment, BTS public service management, call control, packet service
control, handover and power control, cell broadcast short message service, and TC resource pool
management.
Paging Control
The GXPUM/GXPUT performs the following paging control functions:
l Sends paging messages from the A and Pb/Gb interfaces to the BSC
l Sends the paging messages to the specified cells
System Information Management

The GXPUM performs the following system information management functions:
l Constructs various system information according to the GSM protocols and sends it to cells
l Initiates a procedure for sending CS or PS system information in the following situations:
configuration of BSC data in online mode, change in the BTS management state, initiation
of requests from the BTS, initiation of requests from the PCU, or restoration of the RSL
Channel Assignment
The GXPUM performs the following channel assignment functions:
l Assigns radio channels for CS services and PS services

l Performs dynamic conversion between CS channels and PS channels
BTS Public Service Management

The GXPUM performs the following BTS public service management functions: BTS
configuration management and BTS state management.
l The BTS configuration management is responsible for the configuration and query of the
BTS data. It performs the following functions: initial configuration, dynamic configuration,
dynamic adjustment of channel types, and BTS initialization management. It also performs
resetting, blocking, and unblocking of logical objects of a BTS.

BSC Product Description 8 BSC Service Control Subsystem
l The BTS state management is responsible for channel state synchronization, OML
transmission state synchronization, TRX mutual aid, and BTS resource check.
Call Control
The GXPUM/GXPUT performs the following CS call control functions: call establishment, call
release, and call handover.
PS Service Control
The GXPUM/GXPUT performs the following PS service control functions:
l Requests and releases a PDCH, checks PS service resources, controls and broadcasts PS
system information
l Establishes PS transmission paths between the PCU and the BTS, and performs dynamic
conversion between PDCHs and TCHs
Handover and Power Control

The GXPUM/GXPUT performs the following handover and power control functions:
l Initial processing of measurement reports
It includes the functions of interpolation, filtering, and prediction.
l Cell sorting and handover decision
The cell sorting is classified into basic cell sorting and adjustment based on network
characteristics. The handover decision is classified into forced handover decision, directed
retry decision, handover candidates query decision, emergency handover decision,
common handover decision, and performance handover decision.
l Power Control
Power control functions are implemented through the signal level dual-threshold power
control algorithm, signal quality dual-threshold power control algorithm, power control
compensation algorithm, and power control comprehensive decision algorithm.
Cell Broadcast Short Message Service

The GXPUM enables the cell broadcast short message service. The GXPUM processes the cell
broadcast short message service as follows:
l The GXPUM obtains cell information and sends it to the CBC.
l Upon reception of the broadcast request message from the CBC, the GXPUM saves and
schedules the message, and then sends it to the BTS.
BTS Operation and Maintenance

The operation and maintenance of the BTS is performed by the GBAM/GOMU. The specific
operations are BTS routine maintenance, BTS alarm management, BTS software management,
and BTS test management.
TC Resource Pool Management

The TC resource pool of the BSC supports various types of services. For example, one TC
resource pool can support Full Rate (FR) calls, Enhanced Full Rate (EFR) calls, Half Rate (HR)

8 BSC Service Control Subsystem BSC Product Description
calls, and Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) calls. The TC resources used for the same type of service,
however, are located in one resource pool.
In BM/TC separated configuration mode, the TC resource management is performed by the
GSCU in the GTCS. In BM/TC combined or A over IP configuration mode, the TC resource
management is performed by the GXPUM in the GMPS/GEPS. The TC resource management
involves the following aspects:
l Automatically detects faulty TC resources and allocates available TC resources for new
calls, thus improving system reliability.
l Allocates TC resources based on the CPU usage of DSP units so that the call congestion
rate caused by faulty TC resources is reduced

BSC Product Description 9 BSC Interface Processing Subsystem
9 BSC Interface Processing Subsystem
About This Chapter
The BSC interface and signaling processing subsystem processes the signaling on the BSC
interfaces.
9.1 Physical Structure of the BSC Interface Processing Subsystem

The BSC interface processing subsystem consists of the interface boards and the GXPUM.
9.2 Logical Structure of the BSC Interface Processing Subsystem
Logically, the BSC interface processing subsystem consists of the following units: Abis interface
processing unit, A interface processing unit, Ater interface processing unit, Pb interface
processing unit, Gb interface processing unit, and Cb interface processing unit.

9 BSC Interface Processing Subsystem BSC Product Description
9.1 Physical Structure of the BSC Interface Processing

Subsystem
The BSC interface processing subsystem consists of the interface boards and the GXPUM.
Figure 9-1 shows the physical structure of the BSC interface processing subsystem.
Figure 9-1 Physical structure of the BSC interface processing subsystem

To PCU To BM/TC subrack
G G G G
O E O E
I I I I
U U U U
P P T T
G G G G G G
G G G
G G F O E O E To MSC/MGW
To BTS E O O F
O E G I I I I
H G G G
X X U U U U U
U U U U
U U B B B A A
B B A A
B B
G G G
X F E
P G P
U U U
M G G
BSC6000
To CBC Server To SGSN
Table 9-1 shows the physical entities of the BSC interface processing subsystem.
Table 9-1 Physical entities of the BSC interface processing subsystem

Board Type Board Name
Abis interface boards l GEIUB: provides E1/T1 electrical ports

l GOIUB: provides the STM-1 optical port
l GFGUB: provides FE/GE electrical ports
l GOGUB: provides the GE optical ports
l GEHUB: provides E1/T1 electrical ports
l GEXUB: provides E1/T1 electrical ports
l GOXUB: provides STM-1 optical ports

Board Type Board Name
A interface boards l GEIUA: provides E1/T1 electrical ports

l GOIUA: provides STM-1 optical port
l GFGUA: provides FE/GE electrical ports
l GOGUA: provides GE optical ports
Ater interface boards l GEIUT: provides E1/T1 electrical ports

l GOIUT: provides STM-1 optical port
Gb interface boards l GFGUG: provides FE/GE electrical ports

l GEPUG: provides E1/T1 electrical ports
Pb interface boards l GEIUP: provides E1/T1 electrical ports

l GOIUP: provides STM-1 optical port
Cb interface board GXPUM: provides FE electrical ports
9.2 Logical Structure of the BSC Interface Processing

Subsystem
Logically, the BSC interface processing subsystem consists of the following units: Abis interface
processing unit, A interface processing unit, Ater interface processing unit, Pb interface
processing unit, Gb interface processing unit, and Cb interface processing unit.
Figure 9-2 shows the BSC interfaces.
Figure 9-2 BSC interfaces
CBC
Cb
Abis Ater A
BTS GMPS/GEPS GTCS MSC/MGW
BSC6000
Pb Gb
PCU SGSN
As shown in Figure 9-2, the BSC is connected to the MSC/MGW over the A interface, to the
BTS over the Abis interface, to the PCU over the Pb interface, to the SGSN over the Gb interface,
and to the CBC over the Cb interface. The GMPS/GEPS is connected to the GTCS over the Ater
interface.

9 BSC Interface Processing Subsystem BSC Product Description
NOTE
Based on the types of the PCU and the configuration modes of the BSC subracks, the BSC provides the following
interfaces:
l When the built-in PCU is used, the BSC provides the Gb interface.
l When the external PCU is used, the BSC provides the Pb interface.
l In BM/TC separated configuration mode, the BM and the TC communicate with each other over the Ater
interface.
Abis Interface Processing Unit

The BSC and the BTS communicate with each other over the Abis interface. The Abis interface
processing unit can be the GEIUB/GOIUB, GFGUB/GOGUB, GEHUB, or GEXUB/GOXUB.
The Abis interface processing unit performs the following functions:
l Provides E1/T1 electrical ports, STM-1 optical ports, FE/GE electrical ports, and GE optical
ports.
l Receives and transmits the signaling and traffic signals between the BSC and the BTS
l Converts internal protocols
l Processes HDLC and IP protocols
l Forwards signaling to the service control subsystem
l Forwards traffic signals to the service processing subsystem
A Interface Processing Unit

The BSC and the MSC/MGW communicate with each other over the A interface. The A interface
processing unit can be the GEIUA/GOIUA or GFGUA/GOGUA. The A interface processing
unit performs the following functions:
l Provides E1/T1 electrical ports, STM-1 optical ports, FE/GE electrical ports, and GE optical
ports.
l Receives and transmits signaling and traffic signals between the BSC and the MSC/MGW
l Converts internal protocols
l Performs the IP protocol processing if IP transmission is used over the A interface, and
performs the MTP2 protocol processing if the BM and the TC are configured in the same
subrack.
l Forwards the signaling from the core network to the GE switching subsystem
l Forwards the traffic signals from the core network to the GE switching subsystem or to the
TDM switching subsystem
Ater Interface Processing Unit

In BM/TC separated configuration mode, the BM and the TC communicate with each other over
the Ater interface. The Ater interface processing unit can be the GEIUT/GOIUT. The Ater
interface processing unit performs the following functions:
l Provides E1/T1 electrical ports and STM-1 optical ports
l Receives and transmits signaling and traffic signals between the BM subrack and the TC
subrack
l Processes HDLC and PPP protocols

l Processes the MTP2 protocol

l Forwards signaling to the GE switching subsystem
l Forwards traffic signals to the TDM switching subsystem
Pb Interface Processing Unit

When the external PCU is used, the BSC provides the Pb interface to enable the communication
between the BSC and the PCU. The Pb interface processing unit can be the GEIUP/GOIUP. The
Pb interface processing unit performs the following functions:
l Provides E1/T1 electrical ports and STM-1 optical ports
l Receives and transmits signaling and traffic signals between the BSC and the PCU
l Forwards traffic signals to the TDM switching subsystem
Gb Interface Processing Unit

When the built-in PCU is used, the BSC provides the Gb interface to enable the communication
between the BSC and the SGSN. The Gb interface processing unit can be the GEPUG/GFGUG/
GOGUG. The Gb interface processing unit performs the following functions:
l Provides E1/T1 electrical ports, FE/GE electrical ports, and GE optical ports.
l Receives and transmits signaling and traffic signals between the BSC and the SGSN
l Processes the signaling according to the FR/IP protocol
l Forwards signaling and traffic signals to the GE switching subsystem
Cb Interface Processing Unit

The BSC and the CBC communicate with each other over the Cb interface. The Cb interface
processing unit is the GXPUM. The Cb interface processing unit performs the following
functions:
l Provides FE/GE electrical ports
l Receives and transmits the signaling between the BSC and the CBC

BSC Product Description 10 BSC Clock Subsystem
10 BSC Clock Subsystem
About This Chapter
The BSC clock subsystem consists of the GGCU and the clock processing unit in each subrack.
The clock subsystem provides the working clock for the BSC and provides the reference clock
for the BTS.
10.1 BSC Clock Sources

The BSC can use two clock sources: Building Integrated Timing Supply (BITS) clock and line
clock. Each clock source supports 1+1 backup.
10.2 BSC Clock Synchronization
This describes the clock synchronization of the BSC subracks in different combination modes.

10 BSC Clock Subsystem BSC Product Description
10.1 BSC Clock Sources

The BSC can use two clock sources: Building Integrated Timing Supply (BITS) clock and line
clock. Each clock source supports 1+1 backup.
BITS Clock
The BSC extracts the BITS clock signals from a BITS device. There are two types of BITS clock
signals: 2 MHz and 2 Mbit/s clock signals. BITS clock signals have two inputs: BITS0 and
BITS1. The BSC extracts the BITS clock signals from the clock input ports on the GGCU panel.
The clock signals serve as the reference clock for the GMPS/GEPS.
NOTE
l BITS0 and BITS1 correspond to the CLKIN0 and CLKIN1 ports on the GGCU panel respectively.
l The 2 Mbit/s clock source has a higher anti-interference capability than the 2 MHz clock source.
l When IP transmission is used over the A interface, the BSC can use only the BITS clock.
Line Clock
Line clock is the 8 kHz clock extracted over the A interface by the GTCS. The line clock has
two inputs: LINE0 and LINE1.
Based on the configuration modes of the BSC subracks, the BSC uses different methods to obtain
the line clock, which are described as follows:
l In BM/TC separated configuration mode, the GTCS extracts the line clock signals from
the A interface. The GGCU extracts the line clock signals from the Ater interface, and then
provides reference clock for the GMPS/GEPS.
l In BM/TC combined configuration mode, the GMPS extracts the line clock signals from
the A interface. Then, the clock signals are transmitted to the GGCU through the backplane.
l In A over IP configuration mode, the BSC cannot use the line clock.
10.2 BSC Clock Synchronization

This describes the clock synchronization of the BSC subracks in different combination modes.

NOTE
If the built-in PCU is used and the Gb interface board is the GEPUG, the GEPUG traces the clock signals
in the SGSN and takes it as the reference clock. Thus, the GEPUG achieves synchronization with the SGSN.
If the GEPUG uses the clock signals from the SGSN, ensure the following configurations:
l Each GEPUG must be configured with the SGSN clock.
l Each GEPUG should extract the clock signals from the SGSN that is connected to the GEPUG. The
clock signal of one GEPUG is independent from that of another GEPUG.
l If one GEPUG is connected to multiple SGSNs, the GEPUG can trace only one of the SGSN clocks.
In addition, these SGSN must use the same clock source.
If the IP transmission is used on the Abis interface, the BSC cannot provide reference clock for the BTS.
In this case, the BTS obtains the reference clock through one of the following ways:
l The BTS traces the clock of the transport network through an E1/T1 cable.
l The BTS traces the clock of the IP clock server through an Ethernet cable.
10.2.1 BSC Clock Synchronization (BM/TC Separated)
This describes the clock synchronization in the GMPS/GEPS and GTCS in BM/TC separated
configuration mode.
10.2.2 BSC Clock Synchronization (BM/TC Combined)
This describes the clock synchronization in the GMPS/GEPS in BM/TC combined configuration
mode.
10.2.3 BSC Clock Synchronization (A over IP)
This describes the clock synchronization in the GMPS/GEPS in A over IP configuration mode.
10.2.1 BSC Clock Synchronization (BM/TC Separated)

This describes the clock synchronization in the GMPS/GEPS and GTCS in BM/TC separated
configuration mode.
Clock Synchronization in the GMPS/GEPS

The clock signals in the GMPS/GEPS are provided by the GGCU. The GGCU either extracts
BITS clock signals from the BITS clock equipment or extracts line clock signals from the Ater
interface.
l Figure 10-1 shows the clock synchronization in the GMPS/GEPS when the GGCU extracts
BITS clock signals from the BITS clock equipment.
l Figure 10-2 shows the clock synchronization in the GMPS/GEPS when the GGCU extracts
line clock signals from the Ater interface.
Figure 10-1 Clock synchronization in the GMPS/GEPS (BITS clock source)
G G G
G S S
C C Service C Service
BITS clock U U board U board
GMPS GEPS
BSC6000
Y-shaped clock cable Clock signal

Figure 10-2 Clock synchronization in the GMPS/GEPS (line clock source)
G
G G G
E
G S S
I Service Service
C C C
U board board
Line clock U U U
T
GMPS GEPS
BSC6000
As shown in Figure 10-1 and Figure 10-2, the procedure for synchronizing clock signals in the
GMPS/GEPS is as follows:
1. If the clock source is the BITS clock, the BITS clock signals are transmitted to the GGCU
through the GGCU panel. If the clock source is the line clock, the line clock signals are
transmitted to the GEIUT/GOIUT in the GMPS over the Ater interface, and then transmitted
to the GGCU through the backplane.
2. After a phase lock in the GGCU, the line clock signals change into 8 kHz clock signals.
l In the GMPS, the 8 kHz clock signals are transmitted from the GGCU to the GSCU
through the backplane.
l The 8 kHz clock signals are transmitted from the GGCU panel in the GMPS to the
GSCU in the GEPS through a Y-shaped clock cable.
3. The GSCU in the GMPS/GEPS transmits the 8 kHz clock signals to the other boards in the
GMPS/GEPS through the backplane.
Clock Synchronization in the GTCS

The GTCS extracts line clock signals from the A interface. Figure 10-3 shows the clock
synchronization in the GTCS.
Figure 10-3 Clock synchronization in the GTCS
A
G G
Service S E M
board C I S
U U C
A
GTCS
BSC6000
E1/T1 cable Clock signal

The clock signals in the GTCS are processed in the following manner:
1. The GTCS extracts line clock signals from the A interface. The line clock signals are
processed by the GEIUA/GOIUA. Then, 8 kHz clock signals are generated.
2. The backplane in the GTCS transmits the 8 kHz clock signals to the GSCU in the GTCS.
Then, the GSCU transmits the 8 kHz clock signals to the other boards in the GTCS.
3. The GEIUT/GOIUT in the main GTCS extracts the 8 kHz clock signals from the backplane,
and then transmits the clock signals to the GMPS over the Ater interface.
10.2.2 BSC Clock Synchronization (BM/TC Combined)

This describes the clock synchronization in the GMPS/GEPS in BM/TC combined configuration
mode.
Clock Synchronization in the GMPS/GEPS (BITS Clock Source)

Figure 10-4 shows the clock synchronization in the GMPS/GEPS that uses the BITS clock
source.
Figure 10-4 BSC clock synchronization procedure (BITS clock source)
G G G
G S Service S Service
C C board C board
BITS clock U U U
GMPS GEPS
BSC6000
The clock signals in the GMPS/GEPS are processed in the following manner:
1. The BITS clock signals are transmitted to the GGCU through the GGCU panel.
2. After a phase lock in the GGCU, the BITS clock signals change into 8 kHz clock signals.
Clock Synchronization in the GMPS/GEPS (Line Clock Source)

Figure 10-5 shows the clock synchronization in the GMPS/GEPS that uses the line clock source.

Figure 10-5 BSC clock synchronization procedure (line clock source)
G G G G
Line clock M
Service S Service S G E
board C board C C I S
U U U U C
A
GEPS GMPS
BSC6000
Y-shaped clock cable E1/T1 cable Clock signal
1. The GMPS extracts line clock signals over the A interface. The line clock signals are
processed by the GEIUA/GOIUA and then are converted into 8 kHz clock signals.
2. In the GMPS, the 8 kHz clock signals are transmitted to the GGCU through the backplane.
After a phase lock in the GGCU, the 8 kHz clock signals are transmitted to the other boards
in the GMPS through the GSCU.
3. The 8 kHz clock signals are transmitted from the GGCU in the GMPS to the GSCU in each
GEPS. Then, the GSCU in each GEPS forwards the clock signals to the other boards in the
GEPS.
10.2.3 BSC Clock Synchronization (A over IP)

This describes the clock synchronization in the GMPS/GEPS in A over IP configuration mode.
In A over IP configuration mode, the BSC cannot use the line clock. Figure 10-6 shows the
clock synchronization in the GMPS/GEPS that uses the BITS clock source.
Figure 10-6 BSC clock synchronization procedure (BITS clock source)
G G G
G S Service S Service
C C board C board
BITS clock U U U
GMPS GEPS
BSC6000

1. The BITS clock signals are transmitted to the GGCU through the GGCU panel.
2. After a phase lock in the GGCU, the BITS clock signals change into the 8 kHz clock signals.

BSC Product Description 11 BSC Power Subsystem
11 BSC Power Subsystem
The BSC power subsystem adopts dual-circuit redundancy and point-by-point monitoring
solution, which is highly reliable. The BSC power subsystem comprises the power lead-in part
and the power distribution part.
Power Lead-In Part

The power lead-in part leads the power from the DC power distribution cabinet to the power
distribution boxes of the BSC cabinet. The power lead-in part consists of the DC power
distribution cabinet, power distribution box, and cables between them. At present, the BSC
supports two types of power distribution box: common power distribution box and high-power
distribution box. Figure 11-1 and Figure 11-2 show the power lead-in parts of the two types of
power distribution box.
Figure 11-1 Power lead-in part (common power distribution box)
To DC
power
distribution
panel
NOTE
The DC power distribution cabinet and the upstream DC power distribution panel are not regarded as the
BSC equipment.

11 BSC Power Subsystem BSC Product Description
Figure 11-2 Power lead-in part (high-power distribution box)
The working principle of the power lead-in part is as follows:
l The DC power distribution cabinet provides each BSC cabinet with two separate -48 V
inputs, one route for RTN connection, and one route for PGND connection.
l Typically, the two routes of power inputs work concurrently. If one route fails, the other
route supplies power alone to ensure the stable running of the system. You can repair one
faulty route of the two routes when the power is normally supplied, keeping the reliability
and availability of the power subsystem at an optimum level.
Power Distribution Part

The power distribution part distributes power from the power distribution box to various parts
in the cabinet. It comprises the power distribution box, power distribution switches, and various
parts in the cabinet.
The working principle of the power distribution part is as follows:
l The power distribution box provides lightning protection and overcurrent protection for
the –48 V inputs. It then supplies two groups of power to the parts in the BSC. The cabinet
operates in the power range -40 V to -57 V.
l The power distribution box monitors each route of power in real time. Upon detection of
abnormal power supply, the power distribution box reports relevant alarms to the LMT.
l The power distribution differs within different types of cabinets.
– For details on the power distribution in the GBCR, refer to Connections of Power Cables
and PGND Cables in the GBCR (Configuration Type A) and Connections of Power
Cables and PGND Cables in the GBCR (Configuration Type B).
– For details on the power distribution in the GBSR, refer to Connections of Power Cables
and PGND Cables in the GBSR.

BSC Product Description 12 BSC Environment Monitoring Subsystem
12 BSC Environment Monitoring

Subsystem
About This Chapter
The BSC environment monitoring subsystem comprises the power distribution box and the
environment monitoring parts in each subrack. The environment monitoring subsystem monitors
and adjusts the power supply, the speed of the fans, and the working environment.
12.1 BSC Power Monitoring

The BSC power monitoring involves monitoring the power supply of each BSC subrack in real
time, reporting the operating status of the power supply, and generating alarms in the case of
exceptions.
12.2 BSC Fan Monitoring
The BSC fan monitoring involves monitoring the operating status of the fans in real time and
adjusting the speed of the fans based on the temperature in the subrack.
12.3 BSC Environment Monitoring
The BSC environment monitoring involves monitoring the temperature, humidity, and operating
voltage of the BSC that is configured with the EMU. When exceptions occur, the EMU reports
environment alarms to the LMT or M2000. Each cabinet can be configured with a maximum of
one EMU.

12 BSC Environment Monitoring Subsystem BSC Product Description
12.1 BSC Power Monitoring

The BSC power monitoring involves monitoring the power supply of each BSC subrack in real
time, reporting the operating status of the power supply, and generating alarms in the case of
exceptions.
Figure 12-1 shows the principle of power monitoring.
Figure 12-1 Principle of power monitoring
Power distribution box

Communication board for
monitoring power distribution
GMPS
GSCU GBAM/GOMU
The power monitoring process is as follows:

1. The monitoring board in the power distribution box monitors the operating status of the
power distribution box. The RS485 serial cable routes the monitoring signals to the subrack
that is connected with the serial cable.
2. The monitoring signals are sent to the GSCU in the subrack through the serial bus on the
backplane.
3. The GSCU processes and reports the monitoring information. When an exception occurs,
the GSCU generates an alarm and sends alarm information to the GBAM/GOMU. The
GBAM/GOMU then sends the alarm information to the LMT and M2000.
12.2 BSC Fan Monitoring

The BSC fan monitoring involves monitoring the operating status of the fans in real time and
adjusting the speed of the fans based on the temperature in the subrack.
The BSC uses the all-in-one design to integrate the fan box into the subrack. Figure 12-2 shows
the principle of fan monitoring.

BSC Product Description 12 BSC Environment Monitoring Subsystem
Figure 12-2 Principle of fan monitoring

Fan box
Fan control unit
Subrack
GSCU GBAM/GOMU
The fan monitoring process is as follows:

1. The fan control unit monitors the operating status of the fans in the fan box. The RS485
serial cable leads the monitoring signals to the subrack.
backplane.
3. The GSCU processes and reports the monitoring information. When an exception occurs,
the GSCU generates an alarm and sends alarm information to the GBAM/GOMU. The
GBAM/GOMU then sends the alarm information to the LMT and M2000.
12.3 BSC Environment Monitoring

The BSC environment monitoring involves monitoring the temperature, humidity, and operating
voltage of the BSC that is configured with the EMU. When exceptions occur, the EMU reports
environment alarms to the LMT or M2000. Each cabinet can be configured with a maximum of
one EMU.
Figure 12-3 shows the principle of environment monitoring.
Figure 12-3 Principle of environment monitoring
EMU
Other subrack
GSCU
GMPS
GSCU GBAM/GOMU

12 BSC Environment Monitoring Subsystem BSC Product Description
The environment monitoring process is as follows:

1. The sensors monitor the environment and send the monitoring signals to the EMU.
2. The EMU sends the monitoring signals to the connected subrack.
backplane.
l If the subrack is an extension GTCS, the monitoring signals are sent from the GSCU in
the extension GTCS to the GSCU in the GMPS through the GSCU in the main GTCS.
l If the subrack is a GEPS or the main GTCS, the monitoring signals are sent to the GSCU
in the GMPS.
4. The GSCU in the GMPS processes the monitoring signals and reports the monitoring
information. When an exception occurs, the GSCU generates an alarm and sends the alarm
information to the GBAM/GOMU. The GBAM/GOMU then sends the alarm information
to the LMT or M2000.

BSC Product Description 13 OM of the BSC
13 OM of the BSC
About This Chapter
This describes two OM modes and various OM functions of the BSC.
13.1 OM Modes of the BSC

The BSC can be maintained through either the LMT or the iManager M2000.
13.2 OM Functions of the BSC
The OM functions of the BSC are as follows: security management, configuration management,
performance management, alarm management, and loading management.

13 OM of the BSC BSC Product Description
13.1 OM Modes of the BSC

The BSC can be maintained through either the LMT or the iManager M2000.
The OM modes of the BSC are as follows:
l LMT
You can maintain the BSC on the LMT, which communicates with the BSC through a LAN
switch or through remote dialing.
l iManager M2000
You can maintain the BSC on the iManager M2000. The BSC serves as a network element
to access the iManager M2000.
Figure 13-1 shows the network topology of the BSC OM (in BSC hardware configuration
type A).
Figure 13-2 shows the network topology of the BSC OM (in BSC hardware configuration
type B).
Figure 13-1 Network topology of the BSC OM (in BSC hardware configuration type A)
BSC6000 iManager M2000
VLAN
Host GBAM
Alarm box LMT LMT

Figure 13-2 Network topology of the BSC OM (in BSC hardware configuration type B)
BSC6000 iManager M2000
VLAN
Alarm box LMT LMT
13.2 OM Functions of the BSC

The OM functions of the BSC are as follows: security management, configuration management,
performance management, alarm management, and loading management.
13.2.1 BSC Security Management

The BSC security management involves authority management, log management, and inventory
management.
13.2.2 BSC Configuration Management
The BSC configuration management involves managing the data configurations of the BSC and
of the related BTSs.
13.2.3 BSC Performance Management
The BSC performance management involves collecting, analyzing, and querying performance
data.
13.2.4 BSC Alarm Management
The BSC alarm management involves monitoring the operating status of the BSC and reporting
alarm information in real time. Therefore, you can take appropriate measures in time.
13.2.5 BSC Loading Management
The BSC loading management involves managing the process of loading programs or data files
to boards after the BSC subracks are started or restarted.
13.2.6 BSC Upgrade Management
The BSC can be upgraded to a later version. The BSC upgrade management involves the
management of the procedures for upgrading the OMU software, LMT software, and patch
software. The BSC supports two upgrade modes: remote upgrade and local upgrade.

13.2.7 BTS Loading Management

The BTS loading management involves managing the process of loading software to the boards
in the BTS.
13.2.8 BTS Upgrade Management
The BTS can be upgraded a later version. You can locally or remotely upgrade multiple BTSs
on the LMT/M2000 through the BSS OM network.
13.2.1 BSC Security Management

The BSC security management involves authority management, log management, and inventory
management.
Authority Management
The BSC authority management regulates the operation authority of the users (LMT users or
iManager M2000 users) that log in to the BSC. When users log in to the BSC, they actually log
in to the GBAM/GOMU of the BSC. The BSC users are classified into the following types:
l Domain users: These user accounts are created, changed, authenticated, and authorized on
the M2000. Domain users can manage the BSC after logging in to the BSC on the LMT
(BSC Local Maintenance Terminal or MML client) or after logging in to the M2000 server
through the M2000 client.
l Internal users: There are two default accounts: admin and guest. The admin account has
the rights to perform all the operations, and the guest account has only the data query rights.
You cannot modify or delete these two accounts.
l External users: The external users are created, modified, authenticated, and authorized by
the super-user admin or by external users who have corresponding rights. External users
are classified into five levels. The users belonging to different levels are functional grouped.
The users can perform only the operations defined in their functional groups. The GBAM/
GOMU verifies and controls the operation authority of the external users. Table 13-1
defines the authority of the external users that belong to different functional groups.

Table 13-1 Definitions of the BSC user authorities

Level Authority
Guest Guest can only browse data.
User In addition to the authority granted to the User, User can perform OM
of the equipment, alarm management, and performance management.
Operator In addition to the authorities granted to the User, Operator can perform
data configuration for the equipment.
Administrator Administrator has the highest operation authority. It can manage other
users.
Custom The authority of this user is defined by the Administrator.
Security management also includes NE operation time management. It limits the operation time
of users by date, week, and time segment. Users can carry out operations only in the predefined
time limit.

Log Management
Log management records and saves the operations performed by an operator and the running
information of the BSC. It also helps in analyzing and locating faults.
Table 13-2 lists the logs that are recorded when the BSC is running.
Table 13-2 BSC logs
Type Description
Running log Records the operating information about the system, such as board
reset information
Operating log Records the information on operation and maintenance performed by

users
Debugging log Records the information on the analysis and location of internal faults
LastWords log Records the primary information such as timers before system failure.
The information is used to locate and analyze faults, such as abnormal
system restart.
CS CHR log Records the information on CS calls and saves it on a server. This
enables you to quickly locate faults and view history CS call records.
PS CHR log Records the information on PS calls and saves it on a server. This
enables you to quickly locate faults and view history PS call records.
BTS log Records the information on the faults that occur while the BTS is
running and the related debugging information
Frequency scan log Records the information on cell frequency scan
TRX power log Records the information on the TRX power
Equipment room Records the information on the temperature in the equipment room
temperature log
The BSC log management involves the following functions:
l Querying log files

You can view specified log information in the GBAM/GOMU by setting the querying
conditions.
l Uploading log files
You can upload the log files in the GBAM/GOMU to a specified FTP server by setting the
uploading parameters.
l Saving log files
You can save specified running, operating, debugging logs in the GBAM/GOMU by setting
the parameters of the log files.
l Saving the logs stored in the buffer to the log file by force
You can obtain the latest log information by saving the logs stored in the buffer to the log
file.

NOTE
The GBAM/GOMU saves the log information in the buffer. When the log information reaches the
specified limit or the current time reaches the log record period, the GBAM/GOMU records the log
file.
Inventory Management
Inventory management is a process in which the BSC and BTS inventory information files are
exported and uploaded. Using this function, you can learn the physical and logical configurations
of the BSC and BTS through the LMT and M2000. Both the BSC inventory information and the
BTS inventory information contain the descriptions of the following items:
l Equipment
l Connection
l Modules
l Configurations
l Peer equipment
l Host version
l Cabinets
l Subracks
l Boards and the Flash electronic labels of the boards
l Slots
l Ports
l Antennas
13.2.2 BSC Configuration Management

The BSC configuration management involves managing the data configurations of the BSC and
of the related BTSs.
13.2.2.1 BSC Data Configuration Modes

The BSC data configuration is performed on the LMT (BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal
or MML client). Two data configuration modes can be used: offline data configuration and online
data configuration.
13.2.2.2 BSC Configuration Data Types
Based on the system requirements and the location for saving the data, the BSC configuration
data is classified into different types.
13.2.2.3 BSC Data Check
The BSC data check consists of the data validity check and data consistency check.
13.2.2.4 BSC Data Synchronization
The BSC data synchronization is the process in which the data on each board is synchronized
with the data in the GBAM/GOMU database.

BSC Data Configuration Modes

The BSC data configuration is performed on the LMT (BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal
or MML client). Two data configuration modes can be used: offline data configuration and online
data configuration.
Offline Data Configuration

Offline data configuration is performed when the communication between the LMT and the
GBAM/GOMU is not established.
Offline data configuration does not occupy the network bandwidth and it is easy and fast to
operate; thus, it applies to initial network operation and network upgrade.
Figure 13-3 shows the principle of the offline data configuration on the BSC6000 Local
Maintenance Terminal.
Figure 13-3 Principle of the offline data configuration
Load and restore

commands Configuration
LMT (*.dat) Board
module
Database
GBAM/GOMU
The procedure for the offline data configuration on the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal
is as follows:
1. Perform data configuration on the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal, and check that
the data is integral and accurate by using the auto check function of the LMT.
2. Save the configuration data as a *.dat file on the hard disk.
3. Send the *.dat file to the GBAM/GOMU database by performing the Load and Restore
operation on the LMT. Then, activate the configuration data of each service board.
NOTE
At present, the MML client does not support offline data configuration.
Online Data Configuration

Online data configuration is performed when the communications between the GBAM/GOMU
and the relevant BSC boards are established. On the LMT, you can modify the data configuration
of the BSC and the related BTSs. In online data configuration, the configured data takes effect
immediately.
Figure 13-4 shows the principle of the online data configuration.

Figure 13-4 Principle of the online data configuration

Configuration Configuration
commands data
Configuration
LMT Board
module
Database
GBAM/GOMU
The procedure of the online data configuration in the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal is
as follows:
1. You can issue configuration commands to the configuration module of the GBAM/GOMU
through the LMT.
2. On receiving the configuration commands, the configuration module sends the
configuration data to the database of a specified service board and writes the configuration
data in the database of the GBAM/GOMU.
After you log in to the BSC through the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal and perform
data configurations, other users are forbidden to perform data configurations simultaneously. In
case that multiple LMTs have accessed the GBAM/GOMU and one LMT has performed data
configuration, the rest LMTs will detect the data changed in the GBAM/GOMU and prompt you
to update the local data to keep the consistency of the data between the LMTs and the GBAM/
GOMU.
After you log in to the BSC through the MML client and run configuration commands in
succession, other users are allowed to perform data configurations simultaneously. After you
log in to the BSC through the MML client and run configuration commands in batch, other users
are forbidden to perform data configurations simultaneously.
BSC Configuration Data Types

Based on the system requirements and the location for saving the data, the BSC configuration
data is classified into different types.
The BSC configuration data is classified into LMT configuration data, GBAM configuration
data, and GOMU configuration data in terms of the data location.
l LMT configuration data

In offline configuration mode, you can configure the BSC data by using the data
configuration wizards, and then save the configuration data in the LMT memory. You can
save the configuration data by backing up the local data.
l Based on the hardware configuration types, the BSC configuration data is classified into
the GBAM configuration data and GOMU configuration data.
– GBAM configuration data: The data, saved in the GBAM memory database and on the
GBAM hard disk, provides the basis for the operation of the GBAM. After dynamic

configuration, the GBAM updates the data in the memory database and the data files
on the hard disk.
– GOMU configuration data: The data, saved in the database of the GOMU memory,
provides the basis for the operation of the GOMU. After dynamic configuration, the
GOMU updates the data in the GOMU memory database.
Based on system requirements, the BSC configuration data is classified into the minimum
configuration data and the dynamic configuration data.
l Minimum configuration data

The minimum configuration data is provided by the system automatically and is saved in
the directory \LMT installation directory\BSC6000\software version\Cfg\SysData. The
configured data is the minimum configuration data for the normal operation of the LMT in
offline mode. The minimum configuration data of the GBAM and GOMU is
mini_Cfg_lmt12.DAT and mini_Cfg_lmt0.DAT respectively.
l Dynamic configuration data
The dynamic configuration data is generated on the GBAM/GOMU when you perform
configurations on the LMT in online mode.
NOTE
The files in the directory \LMT installation directory\BSC6000\software version\Cfg\SysData are

mandatory for the normal operation of the LMT. The files cannot be modified or deleted.
BSC Data Check

The BSC data check consists of the data validity check and data consistency check.
BSC Data Validity Check

The BSC data validity check function is used to check whether configuration commands comply
with the configuration rules and the related syntactic rules.
The BSC data validity check is performed on the basis of the following aspects: whether a
configuration complies with the configuration rules and whether an MML script file complies
with the syntactic rules. When a configuration is performed or an MML command is run, the
BSC performs data validity check. If the check result shows that the configuration is incorrect
or the MML command does not run properly, the BSC terminates the configuration or the running
of the command. At the same time, a warning message is displayed.
BSC Data Consistency Check

The BSC data consistency check consists of the following aspects:
l Check of the data consistency between the active and standby GOMUs
If the BSC is configured with the active and standby GOMUs, the data on the active GOMU
must be the same as that on the standby GOMU, thus ensuring the reliability of the BSC.
If the active GOMU is faulty, the standby GOMU takes over the work of the active GOMU
after an active/standby switchover.
l Check of the data consistency between the GBAM/GOMU and the other boards
If the data on a service board is inconsistent with that on the GBAM/GOMU, the system
cannot run stably. In addition, some data configured on the LMT cannot take effect on the
host. Figure 13-5 shows the procedure of the BSC data consistency check.

Figure 13-5 Procedure of the BSC data consistency check
LMT
Data consistency
check command
GBAM/GOMU Other boards
Database Database
Result file of data

consistency
check
The procedure of the BSC data consistency check is as follows:

1. You can issue a data consistency check command to the GBAM/GOMU on the LMT.
2. The GBAM/GOMU analyzes the parameters of the command and checks whether the data
in the board database is consistent with that in the GBAM/GOMU database.
3. When the comparison is complete, the GBAM/GOMU generates a result file and sends it
to the LMT.
BSC Data Synchronization

The BSC data synchronization is the process in which the data on each board is synchronized
with the data in the GBAM/GOMU database.
If a data consistency check finds that the data is inconsistent, you can perform synchronization
operations on the LMT to ensure the data consistency. The data on each board should be
consistent with the data in the GBAM/GOMU database; the data on the standby GOMU should
be consistent with the data on the active GOMU. Figure 13-6 shows the BSC data
synchronization procedure.
Figure 13-6 BSC data synchronization procedure
Synchronization
command GBAM/GOMU Board
Data files
LMT Database Database

The BSC data synchronization procedure is as follows:
1. You can issue a synchronization command to the GBAM/GOMU on the LMT.

2. The GBAM/GOMU analyzes the parameters of the command and synchronizes the data
on each board with the data in the GBAM/GOMU database.
3. Once the update is complete, the GBAM/GOMU sends the synchronization result to the
LMT.
13.2.3 BSC Performance Management

The BSC performance management involves collecting, analyzing, and querying performance
data.
The performance measurement results generated within the latest 15 days will be stored by the
BSC and those beyond the latest 15 days will be deleted.
Figure 13-7 illustrates the BSC performance management process.
Figure 13-7 BSC performance management process
GBAM/GOMU
Performance
M2000 server measurement Collected data
module
Measurement
M2000 client
result file
Service board
By default, the BSC performance management process is as follows:
1. You can register a measurement task and specify the object, time, and item attributes of
the task on the iManager M2000 client.
2. Based on the measurement task, the iManager M2000 server modifies the measurement
task file, sends it to the GBAM/GOMU, and issues a command to activate the modified
measurement task file.
3. Based on the modified measurement task file, the GBAM/GOMU notifies service boards
to collect data based on the new requirements. The GBAM/GOMU receives the
measurement results from the service boards and saves them as files.
4. The GBAM/GOMU notifies the iManager M2000 server of the measurement results and
uploads the files to the iManager M2000 server. The iManager M2000 server processes the
files and saves them to the database.
5. Based on the measurement task registered by the M2000 client, the iManager M2000 server
extracts the relevant results from the database, calculates them, and sends them to the
M2000 client.

13.2.4 BSC Alarm Management

The BSC alarm management involves monitoring the operating status of the BSC and reporting
alarm information in real time. Therefore, you can take appropriate measures in time.
BSC Alarm Management

The BSC alarm management has the following functions:
l Alarm filtering
The BSC can filter the repetitive fault alarms, recovery alarms, and event alarms.
l Alarm shielding
Operators can shield an alarm by alarm ID. Alternatively, they can shield a specific alarm
or all alarms of a cell, BTS, or board by setting alarm shielding conditions, thus reducing
the number of reported derivative alarms.
l Alarm alert
When a fault alarm occurs, the BSC can notify the operators by Email, icon flash, phone,
short message, terminal sound, audible and visual indication of alarm box.
l Alarm information processing
You can browse alarm information in real time, query history alarm information, and handle
alarms based on the handling suggestions available from the online help of the BSC. The
BSC can store 100, 000 pieces of history alarm information generated in the latest 90 days.
BSC Alarm Management Mechanism

The alarm management process consists of alarm generation, alarm reporting, and alarm
handling. Figure 13-8 shows the alarm management process of the BSC.
Figure 13-8 Alarm management process of the BSC
GBAM/GOMU Board
LMT client
Alarm Alarm
management management
module function set
M2000 server
M2000 client Database
Each board detects and reports alarms to the GBAM/GOMU automatically. The GBAM/GOMU
classifies these alarms into different levels and sends them to the LMT or to the M2000 server.
You can manage the alarms using the LMT or the M2000 client.
The alarm management module of the GBAM/GOMU performs the following functions:

l Alarm storage
The alarm management module of the GBAM/GOMU stores the alarms reported by each
board in the GBAM/GOMU alarm database.
l Alarm processing
The alarm management module of the GBAM processes the operation commands from the
LMT or M2000 client. There commands include querying active alarms, querying alarm
logs, and modifying alarm configuration items.
Driving of the Alarm Box

The alarm box generates audible and visual alarms. The red, orange, yellow, and green alarm
indicators on the alarm box corresponds to the critical, major, minor, and warning alarms.
Different alarm severity levels have different alarm sounds. Figure 13-9 shows the working
principle of the alarm box that is connected to the LMT.
Figure 13-9 Working principle of the alarm box
GBAM/GOMU LMT
Alarm
management Convert
module
Alarm box
The alarm box is connected to the LMT or GBAM/GOMU/M2000 through the serial port. When
an alarm is reported, the alarm forward management module in the LMT instructs the alarm box
to generate an audible and visual alarm. You can stop alarm sounds, disable alarm indicators,
and reset the alarm box through the LMT.
NOTE
One LMT can be connected to only one alarm box.
13.2.5 BSC Loading Management

The BSC loading management involves managing the process of loading programs or data files
to boards after the BSC subracks are started or restarted.
BSC Loading System

The GBAM/GOMU, the GSCU in the GMPS, and the GSCU in the main GTCS play important
roles during the BSC loading process.
l The GBAM/GOMU serves as the center of the entire BSC loading management process.
The loading and power-on of the GBAM/GOMU are independent of other boards. The
GBAM/GOMU processes the loading control requests of the GSCU in the GMPS.
l The GSCU in the GMPS serves as the subcenter of the BSC loading management process.
It processes the loading control requests of the service boards in the GMPS and GEPS. If
the OM link between the GMPS and the main GTCS is normal, the GSCU in the GMPS
processes all the loading control requests from the service boards in all the GTCSs.

l The GSCU in the main GTCS serves as the subcenter of the GTCS loading management
process. If the OM link between the GMPS and the main GTCS is disconnected, the GSCU
in the main GTCS processes all the loading control requests from the service boards in all
the GTCSs.
BSC Loading Process

The BSC loading process varies with the combination modes of BSC subracks and with the
location of the GTCS.
l In BM/TC separated configuration mode, the GTCS is configured on the BSC side. For the
BSC loading process in this case, see Figure 13-10.
l In BM/TC separated configuration mode, the GTCS is configured on the MSC side, and
the OM link on the Ater interface serves as the loading path. For the BSC loading process
in this case, see Figure 13-11.
l Figure 13-12 shows the BSC loading process in BM/TC combined or A over IP
configuration mode.
Figure 13-10 BSC loading process (1)
G G
Other S S Other
boards C C boards
U U
GMPS
GBAM/GOMU
Loading
control G
Program Loading S Other
files/data module C boards
files U
File
transmission
GEPS
G
S Other
C boards
U

MSC side

G
G G
Other Other E
S S
boards boards I
C C
U
U U
T
GMPS
GBAM/GOMU
Loading G
control G E
Program S Other
Loading boards I
files/data C U
module
files File U T
transmission
GEPS
G
S Other
C boards
U
BSC side

GMPS
GBAM/GOMU
Loading
control G
Program Loading S Other
files/data module C boards
files File U
transmission
GEPS
G
S Other
C boards
U
Assume that in BM/TC separated configuration mode, the GTCS is configured on the BSC side,
as shown in Figure 13-10. In this case, the BSC loading process is described as follows:

1. After the GSCU in the GMPS is started, it broadcasts the BOOTP request to the GBAM/
GOMU.
l If the GBAM/GOMU is communicating with the LMT, it processes the request.
l If the GBAM/GOMU is not started or does not communicate with the LMT, the GSCU
in the GMPS loads program files from the Flash.
2. After receiving the BOOTP request, the GBAM/GOMU writes the Load Key, IP address,
and version information into the BOOTP acknowledge message, which is then transmitted
to the GSCU.
3. On receiving the BOOTP acknowledgement message, the GSCU in the GMPS loads the
program files and data files according to the Load Key.
4. The GSCU in the GMPS forwards the BOOTP requests from other boards in the GEPS or
GTCS to the GBAM/GOMU.
5. After receiving the BOOTP requests, the GBAM/GOMU sends acknowledgment messages
to the other boards.
6. On receiving the acknowledgement messages, the other boards load the program files and
data files according to the Load Keys.
7. The BSC loading process is complete.
13.2.6 BSC Upgrade Management

The BSC can be upgraded to a later version. The BSC upgrade management involves the
management of the procedures for upgrading the OMU software, LMT software, and patch
software. The BSC supports two upgrade modes: remote upgrade and local upgrade.
The BSC upgrade process is as follows:
1. Backing up the data configuration file
Back up the data configuration file on the LMT before upgrade.
2. Upgrading the LMT software of the BSC
Install the latest LMT software.
3. Upgrading the OMU software on the GBAM/GOMU
Uninstall the running OMU software, install the latest OMU software, and then start the
OMU software.
4. Restoring data
On the LMT, load the data configuration file that is backed up before upgrade.
5. Upgrading the board software
Load software to the boards in the GMPS, GEPS, and GTCS. The operation order is as
follows: GMPS, GTCS that matches the GMPS, GEPS, and GTCS that matches the GEPS.
6. Upgrading the level-2 BIOS of the board
On the LMT, load the latest BIOS files from the GBAM/GOMU to the boards.
7. Upgrading patch software
On the LMT, load, activate, and run patch software.
8. Upgrading software license
On the LMT, upgrade and activate the software license.
NOTE
If no patch software needs to be upgraded, you can skip this step during the BSC upgrade.

13.2.7 BTS Loading Management

The BTS loading management involves managing the process of loading software to the boards
in the BTS.
The process of the BTS loading management is as follows:
1. After being started, the BTS broadcasts the BOOTP request over the OML. The BOOTP
request message contains the BTS type, software type, and the software version in the flash.
2. On receiving the BOOTP request, the GSCU in the subrack where the Abis interface board
connected to the BTS is installed, transparently transmits this request to the GSCU in the
GMPS if the subrack is not the GMPS.
3. The GSCU in the GMPS returns a BOOTP response to the BTS, instructing the BTS board
to obtain and load the program file from the GBAM/GOMU.
4. After the program file is run, the board sends a LOAD request to the GSCU in the GMPS.
The LOAD request is used to query the file list of the board (excluding the program file).
5. The GSCU in the GMPS responds with a file list, upon which the BTS board returns the
version information of the files concerning the board to the GSCU in the GMPS.
6. The GSCU in the GMPS compares the version information and then returns the file
information to be updated and the IP address of the GBAM/GOMU, to the board.
7. The BTS board loads the program file from the version area in the GBAM/GOMU.
13.2.8 BTS Upgrade Management

The BTS can be upgraded a later version. You can locally or remotely upgrade multiple BTSs
on the LMT/M2000 through the BSS OM network.
The BSC upgrade process is as follows:
1. Downloading BTS software

(1) The LMT/M2000 issues a download request command to the GBAM/GOMU. The
download request contains the parameters such as software name and FTP address.
(2) Upon reception of the response from the GBAM/GOMU, the LMT/M2000 downloads
the BTS software to a specified directory in the GBAM/GOMU through the FTP.
2. Configuring BTS software
(1) The LMT/M2000 issues a configuration command to the GBAM/GOMU. The
configuration command contains a BTS software list, which contains the parameters
such as BTS type, file type, and version number.
(2) The GBAM/GOMU saves the BTS software list in the memory database.
3. Loading BTS software
(1) The LMT/M2000 issues loading commands to the GBAM/GOMU. The loading
commands contain the parameters such as BTS type, file type, and version number.
(2) The GBAM/GOMU compares the parameters in the loading command with those in
the BTS software list in the database of its memory.
l If the parameters are consistent, the GBAM/GOMU responds to the loading
request.
l If the parameters are inconsistent, the GBAM/GOMU rejects the loading request.
The loading of BTS software terminates.

(3) The LMT/M2000 sends data frames to the BTS. The data frames are saved in the flash
of the BTS boards. Upon reception of each 20 frames, the BTS returns the GBAM/
GOMU with a response until the loading is completed.
4. Activating BTS software
(1) The LMT/M2000 issues an activating command to the GBAM/GOMU. The activating
command contains the parameters such as BTS type, file type, and version number.
(2) The GBAM/GOMU analyzes the parameters in the activating command and issues
the activating command to the relevant BTS boards.
(3) The BTS boards obtain data and software information from the flash.
5. Verifying upgrade result
You should verify the services to ensure that the BTS is successfully upgraded.

BSC Product Description 14 BSC Signal Flow
14 BSC Signal Flow
About This Chapter
The BSC signal flow consists of the CS service signal flow, PS service signal flow, signaling
flow, and OM signal flow.
14.1 BSC CS Signal Flow

After a CS call is established, the MS and the network communicate with each other. In this
case, the signal flow is referred to as the CS signal flow. The method of processing the BSC CS
signal flow varies with the transmission modes adopted on the Abis interface and the A interface,
and also varies with the combination modes of BSC subracks.
14.2 BSC PS Signal Flow
After a PS communication is established, the MS and the network communicate with each other.
In this case, the signal flow is referred to as the PS signal flow. The method of processing the
BSC PS signal flow varies with the types of PCU and with the transmission modes on the Abis
interface.
14.3 BSC Signaling Flow
The BSC signaling flow consists of the signaling flow on the Abis interface, A interface, Pb
interface, and Gb interface.
14.4 BSC OM Signal Flow
The BSC OM signal flow is initiated when you operate and maintain the BSC. The BSC OM
signal flow varies with the combination modes of the BSC subracks.

14 BSC Signal Flow BSC Product Description
14.1 BSC CS Signal Flow

After a CS call is established, the MS and the network communicate with each other. In this
case, the signal flow is referred to as the CS signal flow. The method of processing the BSC CS
signal flow varies with the transmission modes adopted on the Abis interface and the A interface,
and also varies with the combination modes of BSC subracks.
NOTE
l For details on the transmission modes on the Abis interface, refer to 15.1 Transmission and
Networking on the Abis Interface.
l For details on the transmission modes on the A interface, refer to 15.2 Transmission and
Networking on the A Interface.
Abis over TDM + A over TDM

In BM/TC separated configuration mode, the TDM transmission is used on both the Abis
interface and the A interface. For the BSC CS signal flow in this case, see Figure 14-1.
Figure 14-1 CS signal flow (1)
Abis Ater A
G G G G G G G
B E T E E T D E M
T I N I I N P I S
S U U U U U U U C
B T T X A
GMPS/GEPS GTCS
BSC6000
As shown in Figure 14-1, the CS signal flow in the uplink is as follows:

1. The uplink CS signals are sent from the BTS to the GEIUB/GOIUB in the GMPS/GEPS.
2. The CS signals are demultiplexed in the GEIUB/GOIUB. One CS signal uses a 64 kbit/s
timeslot and is transmitted to the GEIUT/GOIUT through the GTNU.
3. The CS signals are multiplexed in the GEIUT/GOIUT. One full-rate CS signal uses a 16
kbit/s sub-timeslot, and one half-rate CS signal uses an 8 kbit/s sub-timeslot. The CS signals
are then transmitted to the GEIUT/GOIUT in the GTCS over the Ater interface.
4. The CS signals are de-multiplexed in the GEIUT/GOIUT of the GTCS. One CS signal uses
a 64 kbit/s timeslot and is transmitted to the GDPUX through the GTNU.
5. The GDPUX performs voice coding/decoding and rate matching on the CS signals, which
are converted into 64 kbit/s PCM signals. The 64 kbit/s PCM signals are transmitted to the
GEIUA/GOIUA through the GTNU, and then are transmitted to the MSC over the A
interface.
In BM/TC combined configuration mode, the TDM transmission is used on both the Abis
interface and the A interface. For the BSC CS signal flow in this case, see Figure 14-2.

Abis A
G G G G
B E T D E M
T I N P I S
S U U U U C
B X A
GMPS/GEPS
BSC6000

2. The CS signals are de-multiplexed in the GEIUB/GOIUB. One CS signal uses a 64 kbit/s
timeslot and is transmitted to the GDPUX through the GTNU.
interface.
Abis over HDLC/IP + A over TDM

In BM/TC separated configuration mode, the HDLC/IP transmission and TDM transmission are
used on the Abis interface and A interface respectively. For the BSC CS signal flow in this case,
see Figure 14-3.
Abis Ater A
G G G G G G G G G
B F S D T E E T D E M
T G C P N I I N P I S
S U U U U U U U U U C
B X T T X A
GMPS/GEPS GTCS
BSC6000

1. The uplink CS signals are sent from the BTS to the GFGUB/GOGUB/GEHUB in the
GMPS/GEPS.
2. The GFGUB/GOGUB/GEHUB transmits the CS signals to the GSCU, which then
transmits the signals to the GDPUX.

3. The GDPUX adjusts the frame order, eliminates jitter, and converts the PTRAU frames
into TRAU frames, which are then transmitted to the GEIUT/GOIUT through the GTNU.
4. The CS signals are multiplexed in the GEIUT/GOIUT of the GMPS/GEPS, and then are
transmitted to the GEIUT/GOIUT in the GTCS.
5. The CS signals are de-multiplexed in the GEIUT/GOIUT of the GTCS. One CS signal uses
a 64 kbit/s timeslot and is transmitted to the GDPUX through the GTNU.
interface.
In BM/TC combined configuration mode, the HDLC/IP transmission and TDM transmission
are used on the Abis interface and A interface respectively. For the BSC CS signal flow in this
case, see Figure 14-4.
Abis A
G G G G G
B E S D T E M
T H C P N I S
S U U U U U C
B X A
GMPS/GEPS
BSC6000

1. The uplink CS signals are sent from the BTS to the GEHUB/GFGUB/GOGUB in the
GMPS/GEPS.
2. The CS signals are transmitted to the GDPUX through the GSCU.
3. The GDPUX adjusts the frame order, eliminates jitter, and performs voice coding/decoding
and rate matching. The PTRAU frames are then converted into 64 kbit/s PCM frames.
4. The PCM frames are transmitted to the GEIUA/GOIUA through the GTNU, and then are
transmitted to the MSC over the A interface.
Abis over TDM + A over IP

The TDM transmission and IP transmission are used on the Abis interface and A interface
respectively. For the BSC CS signal flow in this case, see Figure 14-5.

Abis A
G G G G G
B E T D S F M
T I N P C G G
S U U U U U W
B X A
GMPS/GEPS
BSC6000

2. The CS signals are de-multiplexed in the GEIUB/GOIUB. One CS signal uses a 64 kbit/s
timeslot and is transmitted to the GDPUX through the GTNU.
3. The GDPUX converts the TRAU frames into RTP frames, adjusts the frame order, and
eliminates jitter.
4. The GSCU transmits the CS signals to the GFGUA/GOGUA, which are then transmitted
to the MGW over the A interface.
Abis over HDLC/IP + A over IP

The HDLC/IP transmission and IP transmission are used on the Abis interface and A interface
respectively. For the BSC CS signal flow in this case, see Figure 14-6.
Abis A
G G G G
B F S D F M
T G C P G G
S U U U U W
B X A
GMPS/GEPS
BSC6000

1. The uplink CS signals are sent from the BTS to the GFGUB/GOGUB in the GMPS/GEPS.
2. The CS signals are transmitted to the GDPUX through the GSCU.
3. The GDPUX converts the PTRAU frames into RTP frames, adjusts the frame order, and
eliminates jitter.

4. The GSCU transmits the CS signals to the GFGUA/GOGUA, which are then transmitted
to the MGW over the A interface.
14.2 BSC PS Signal Flow

After a PS communication is established, the MS and the network communicate with each other.
In this case, the signal flow is referred to as the PS signal flow. The method of processing the
BSC PS signal flow varies with the types of PCU and with the transmission modes on the Abis
interface.
NOTE
For details on the transmission modes on the Abis interface, refer to 15.1 Transmission and Networking
on the Abis Interface.
BSC PS Signal Flow (Built-in PCU)

When the built-in PCU is used, three transmission modes can be used over the Abis interface:
Abis over TDM, Abis over HDLC, and Abis over IP. The BSC PS signal flow varies with the
transmission modes on the Abis interface.
The built-in PCU is used and the TDM transmission is used on the Abis interface. For the BSC
PS signal flow in this case, see Figure 14-7.
Figure 14-7 PS signal flow (Abis over TDM)
Abis Gb
G G G G G
S
B E T D S E
G
T I N P C P
S
S U U U U U
N
B P G
GMPS/GEPS
BSC6000
When the built-in PCU is used, the PS signal flow on the uplink is as follows:
1. The packet data is sent from the BTS to the GEIUB in the GMPS/GEPS. The packet data
uses one to four 16 kbit/s sub-timeslots on the Abis interface, depending on the modulation
and coding scheme, such as CS1-CS9 or MCS1–MCS9.
2. The GEIUB transmits the packet data to the GTNU. After receiving the data, the GTNU
transmits the signals to the GDPUP.
3. The GDPUP performs format conversion, and then transmits the data to the GEPUG/
GFGUG through the GSCU.
4. The GEPUG/GFGUG processes the packet data at layer 1 and at a part of the NS layer on
the Gb interface. Then, the packet data is transmitted to the SGSN over the Gb interface.
When the built-in PCU is used, the BSC PS signal flow in Abis over HDLC transmission mode
is the same as that in Abis over IP transmission mode. See Figure 14-8.

Figure 14-8 PS signal flow (Abis over IP)
Gb
Abis
G G G G
S
B E S D E
G
T H C P P
S
S U U U U
N
B P G
GMPS/GEPS
BSC6000
The BSC PS signal flow in the uplink is as follows:

1. The PS signals are sent from the BTS to the GEHUB/GFGUB/GOGUB in the GMPS/
GEPS.
2. The GSCU transmits the PS signals to the GDPUP.
3. The GDPUP performs format conversion, and then transmits the data to the GEPUG/
GFGUG through the GSCU.
4. The GEPUG/GFGUG processes the packet data at layer 1 and at a part of the NS layer on
the Gb interface. Then, the packet data is transmitted to the SGSN over the Gb interface.
BSC PS Signal Flow (External PCU)

The external PCU is used. For the BSC PS signal flow in this case, see Figure 14-9.
Figure 14-9 BSC PS signal flow (external PCU )
Abis Pb Gb
G G G
S
B E T E P
G
T I N I C
S
S U U U U
N
B P
GMPS/GEPS
BSC6000
When the external PCU is used, the BSC PS signal flow on the uplink is as follows:
1. The packet data is sent from the BTS to the GEIUB in the GMPS/GEPS. The packet data
uses one to four 16 kbit/s sub-timeslots on the Abis interface, depending on the modulation
and coding scheme, such as CS1-CS9 or MCS1–MCS9.
2. The GTNU transmits the PS signals to the GEIUP/GOIUP.
3. The PS signals are transmitted to the PCU over the Pb interface, and then to the SGSN over
the Gb interface.

14.3 BSC Signaling Flow

The BSC signaling flow consists of the signaling flow on the Abis interface, A interface, Pb
interface, and Gb interface.
14.3.1 Signaling Flow on the Abis Interface

The protocol stack and signaling flow on the Abis interface vary with the transmission modes
on the Abis interface.
14.3.2 Signaling Flow on the A Interface
The protocol stack and signaling flow on the A interface vary with the transmission modes on
the A interface.
14.3.3 Signaling flow on the Pb interface
This describes the protocol stack and signaling flow on the Pb interface.
14.3.4 Signaling Flow on the Gb Interface
This describes the protocol stack and signaling flow on the Gb interface.
14.3.1 Signaling Flow on the Abis Interface

The protocol stack and signaling flow on the Abis interface vary with the transmission modes
NOTE
The GXPUM originates and terminates all the signaling flows of the BSC.
Signaling Flow on the Abis Interface (Abis over TDM)

The TDM transmission is used on the Abis interface. For the signaling flow on the Abis interface
Figure 14-10 Protocol stack on the Abis interface (Abis over TDM)
BTS BSC
RR
BTSM BTSM
LAPD LAPD
Layer1 Layer1
Abis
Figure 14-11 shows the signaling flow on the Abis interface.

Figure 14-11 Signaling Flow on the Abis Interface (Abis over TDM)
Abis
G G G
B E S X
T I C P
S U U U
B M
GMPS/GEPS
BSC6000
The signaling flow on the Abis interface is as follows:

1. The signaling is transmitted to the GEIUB/GOIUB in the GMPS/GEPS over the Abis
interface. Then, the signaling is transmitted to the GSCU.
2. The GSCU transmits the signaling to the GXPUT/GXPUM.
3. The GXPUT/GXPUM processes the signaling according to the LAPD and RR protocols.
The GXPUM processes the signaling according to the BTSM protocol.
Signaling Flow on the Abis Interface (Abis over HDLC)

The HDLC transmission is used on the Abis interface. For the signaling flow on the Abis
interface in this case, see Figure 14-12.
Figure 14-12 Protocol stack on the Abis interface (Abis over HDLC)
BTS BSC
RR
BTSM BTSM
LAPD LAPD
HDLC HDLC
Layer 1 Layer 1
Abis

Figure 14-13 Signaling Flow on the Abis Interface (Abis over HDLC)
Abis
G G G
B E S X
T H C P
S U U U
B M
GMPS/GEPS
BSC6000

1. The signaling is transmitted to the GEHUB in the GMPS/GEPS over the Abis interface.
Then, the GEHUB transmits the signaling to the GSCU.
2. The GSCU transmits the signaling to the GXPUT/GXPUM.
Signaling Flow on the Abis Interface (Abis over IP)

The IP transmission is used on the Abis interface. For the signaling flow on the Abis interface
Figure 14-14 Protocol stack on the Abis interface (Abis over IP)
BTS BSC
RR
BTSM BTSM
LAPD LAPD
UDP UDP
IP IP
MAC MAC
Layer1 Layer1
Abis

Figure 14-15 Signaling Flow on the Abis Interface (Abis over IP)
Abis
G G G
B F S X
T G C P
S U U U
B M
GMPS/GEPS
BSC6000

1. The signaling is transmitted to the GFGUB/GOGUB in the GMPS/GEPS over the Abis
interface.
2. The GFGUB/GOGUB processes the signaling according to the MAC, IP, and UDP
protocols, and then transmits the signaling to the GXPUT/GXPUM through the GSCU.
14.3.2 Signaling Flow on the A Interface

The protocol stack and signaling flow on the A interface vary with the transmission modes on
the A interface.
Signaling Flow on the A Interface (A over TDM)

The A interface is the logical interface between the BSC and the MSC. The BSC internal
signaling flow from the A interface varies, depending on the signaling protocols used on the A
interface.
When TDM transmission is used on the A interface, the E1/T1 or STM-1 transmission is used
on the physical layer. The transmission on the data link layer complies with the SS7 MTP2
protocol. The transmission on the network layer complies with the MTP3 and SCCP protocols.
The transmission on the application layer complies with the BSSAP protocol and the layer-3
protocols on the Um interface. Figure 14-16 shows the protocol stack on the A interface.

Figure 14-16 Protocol stack on the A interface (A over TDM)

BSC MSC
CM
MM
BSSMAP BSSMAP
SCCP SCCP
MTP3 MTP3
MTP2 MTP2
Layer1 Layer1
The BSC internal signaling flow from the A interface varies with the configuration modes of
the BSC subracks.
l Figure 14-17 shows the BSC internal signaling flow in the BM/TC separated configuration
mode.
l Figure 14-18 shows the BSC internal signaling flow in the BM/TC combined configuration
mode..
Figure 14-17 Signaling flow on the A interface (A over TDM) (BM/TC separated)
Ater A
G G G G G G
X S E E S E M
P C I I C I S
U U U U U U C
M T T A
GMPS/GEPS GTCS
BSC6000
As shown in Figure 14-17, the BSC internal signaling flow from the A interface is as follows:
1. In the GMPS/GEPS, the GXPUM/GXPUT processes the signaling according to the MTP3,
SCCP, and BSSAP protocols. The GEIUT processes the signaling according to the MTP2
protocol.
2. The signaling is transparently transmitted in the GTCS, and then is transmitted to the MSC
over the A interface.

Figure 14-18 Signaling flow on the A interface (A over TDM) (BM/TC combined)
G G G
X S E M
P C I S
U U U C
M A
GMPS/GEPS
BSC6000
As shown in Figure 14-18, the BSC internal signaling flow from the A interface is as follows:
1. In the GMPS/GEPS, the GXPUM/GXPUT processes the signaling according to the MTP3,
SCCP, and BSSAP protocols.
2. The GEIUA/GOIUA processes the signaling according to the MTP2 protocol. Then, the
signaling is transmitted to the MSC over the A interface.
Signaling Flow on the A Interface (A over IP)

If IP transmission is used on the A interface, the E1/T1 or STM-1 transmission is used on the
physical layer. The transmission on the data link layer complies with the SigTRAN M3UA/
SCTP/IP protocols. The transmission on the network layer complies with the SS7 SCCP
protocol. The transmission on the application layer complies with the DATP and BSSAP
protocols. Figure 14-19 shows the protocol stack on the A interface.
Figure 14-19 Protocol stack on the A interface (A over IP)

BSC MSC Server
DTAP BSSMAP DTAP BSSMAP
SCCP SCCP
M3UA M3UA
SCTP SCTP
IP IP
MAC/PPP MAC/PPP
Layer1 Layer1

Figure 14-20 shows the signaling flow on the A interface.
Figure 14-20 Signaling flow on the A interface (A over IP)
G G G
X S F M M
P C G G S
U U U W C
M A
GMPS/GEPS
BSC6000
The BSC internal signaling flow from the A interface is as follows:

1. In the GMPS/GEPS, the GXPUM/GXPUT processes the signaling according to the
BSSAP, SCCP, SCTP, and M3UA protocols. Then, the signaling is transmitted to the
GFGUA/GOGUA through the GSCU.
2. The GFGUA/GOGUA processes the signaling according to the IP protocol. Then, the
signaling is transmitted to the MSC through the A interface.
14.3.3 Signaling flow on the Pb interface

This describes the protocol stack and signaling flow on the Pb interface.
When the external PCU is used, the BSC provides the Pb interface to enable the communication
between the BSC and the PCU. The Pb interface, defined by Huawei, is a non-standard logical
interface between BSC and PCU. Figure 14-21 shows the protocol stack on the Pb interface.
Figure 14-21 Protocol stack on the Pb interface

BSC PCU
RR
APP
PbIP
LAPD LAPD
Layer1 Layer1
Pb
Figure 14-22 shows the signaling flow on the Pb interface.

Figure 14-22 Signaling flow on the Pb interface
Pb
G G
G
X E P
S
P I C
C
U U U
U
M P
GMPS/GEPS
BSC6000
The BSC internal signaling flow from the Pb interface is as follows:

1. The signaling is transmitted to the GEIUP/GOIUP in the GMPS/GEPS over the Pb
interface.
2. The GEIUP/GOIUP processes the signaling according to the LAPD protocol.
3. On receiving the signaling from the GSCU, the GXPUT/GXPUM processes the signaling
based on the PbIP and RR protocols.
14.3.4 Signaling Flow on the Gb Interface

This describes the protocol stack and signaling flow on the Gb interface.
The Gb interface is the logical interface between the BSC and the SGSN. The E1/T1 or FE/GE
transmission is used on the physical layer. The transmission on the data link layer complies with
the NS protocol, and the sub NS layer of the NS protocol complies with the FR or IP protocol.
The transmission on the application layer complies with the BSSGP protocol. Figure 14-23
shows the protocol stack on the Gb interface.
Figure 14-23 Protocol stack on the Gb interface

SGSN
GMM/SM
BSC
LLC
BSSGP BSSGP
NS NS
Layer1 Layer1
Gb

Figure 14-24 shows the signaling flow on the Gb interface.
Figure 14-24 Signaling flow on the Gb interface
Gb
G G
G S
X E
S G
P P
C S
U U
U N
M G
GMPS/GEPS
BSC6000
The BSC internal signaling flow from the Gb interface is as follows:

1. The signaling is transmitted to the GMPS/GEPS over the Gb interface.
If the sub NS layer of the NS protocol complies with the FR protocol, the Gb interface
board is the GEPUG. If the sub NS layer of the NS protocol complies with the IP protocol,
the Gb interface board is the GFGUG.
2. The GSCU transmits the signaling to the GXPUM.
3. The GXPUM processes the signaling according to the NS and BSSGP protocols.
14.4 BSC OM Signal Flow

The BSC OM signal flow is initiated when you operate and maintain the BSC. The BSC OM
signal flow varies with the combination modes of the BSC subracks.
14.4.1 BSC OM Signal Flow (BM/TC Separated)

The BSC OM signal flow (BM/TC separated) refers to the signal flow that is generated when
OM is performed on the BSC and when the BM and TC are configured in different subracks.
14.4.2 BSC OM Signal Flow (BM/TC Combined)
The BSC OM signal flow (BM/TC combined) refers to the signal flow that is generated when
OM is performed on the BSC and when the BM and TC are configured in the same subrack.
14.4.3 BSC OM Signal Flow (A over IP)
The BSC OM signal flow (A over IP) refers to the signal flow that is generated when OM is
performed on the BSC and when the IP transmission is used on the A interface.
14.4.1 BSC OM Signal Flow (BM/TC Separated)

The BSC OM signal flow (BM/TC separated) refers to the signal flow that is generated when
OM is performed on the BSC and when the BM and TC are configured in different subracks.
The BSC internal OM signal flow varies with the installation position of the GTCS.

GTCS Configured on the BSC Side

The GTCS is configured on the BSC side. For the OM signal flow in the BSC in this case, see
Figure 14-25.
Figure 14-25 OM signal flow (GTCS configured on the BSC side)
Ater
G G G
O S 业 S
LMT/ M C Service 务 C Service
M2000 U U board 单 U board
板
GMPS
GEP on
GTCS configured
the BSCSside
G
S
C
Service
U
board
GEPS
BSC6000
As shown in Figure 14-25, the OM signal flow in the BSC is as follows:

l OM signal flow in the GMPS
1. The OM signal is transmitted from the LMT/M2000 to the GBAM/GOMU.
2. After being processed by the GBAM/GOMU, the OM signal is transmitted to the
GSCU in the GMPS. The GSCU then transmits the OM signal to the service boards
that require maintenance.
l OM signal flow in the GEPS
GSCU in the GMPS. The GSCU then transmits the OM signal to the GSCU in the
GEPS.
3. In the GEPS, the GSCU transmits the OM signal to the service boards that require
maintenance.
l OM signal flow in the GTCS
main GTCS.
3. In the main GTCS, the GSCU transmits the OM signal to the service boards that require
maintenance. Alternatively, the GSCU in the main GTCS transmits the OM signal to

the GSCU in an extension GTCS. Then, in the extension GTCS, the GSCU transmits
the OM signal to the service boards that require maintenance.
GTCS Configured on the MSC Side

The GTCS is configured on the MSC side. For the OM signal flow in the BSC in this case, see
Figure 14-26.
Figure 14-26 OM signal flow (GTCS configured on the MSC side)
Ater
G G G G G
O S Service E G E业 S Service
LMT/ M C board I S I务 C board
M2000 U U U C U单 U
T U T板
GMPS GTCS configured

GEPS on
the MSC side
G
Service
S
board
C
U
GEPS
BSC6000

GEPS.
maintenance.
l OM signal flow in the GTCS


GEIUT/GOIUT in the GMPS. Then, the GEIUT/GOIUT in the GMPS transmits the
OM signal to the GEIUT/GOIUT in the main GTCS through the Ater interface.
3. In the main GTCS, the GSCU transmits the OM signal to the service boards that require
maintenance. Alternatively, the GSCU in the main GTCS transmits the OM signal to
the GSCU in an extension GTCS. Then, in the extension GTCS, the GSCU transmits
the OM signal to the service boards that require maintenance.
14.4.2 BSC OM Signal Flow (BM/TC Combined)

The BSC OM signal flow (BM/TC combined) refers to the signal flow that is generated when
OM is performed on the BSC and when the BM and TC are configured in the same subrack.
Figure 14-27 shows the OM signal flow in the BSC in BM/TC combined configuration mode.
Figure 14-27 BSC OM signal flow (BM/TC combined)
G G G
O S G S
LMT/ Service Service
M C S C
M2000 board board
U U C U
U
GEP
GEPS
GMPS S
BSC6000

GEPS.
maintenance.
14.4.3 BSC OM Signal Flow (A over IP)

The BSC OM signal flow (A over IP) refers to the signal flow that is generated when OM is
performed on the BSC and when the IP transmission is used on the A interface.
Figure 14-28 shows the OM signal flow in the BSC in A over IP configuration mode.

Figure 14-28 BSC OM signal flow (A over IP)
G G G
O S G S
LMT/ Service Service
M C S C
M2000 board board
U U C U
U
GEP
GEPS
GMPS S
BSC6000

GEPS.
maintenance.

BSC Product Description 15 BSC Transmission and Networking
15 BSC Transmission and Networking
About This Chapter
This describes various transmission and networking modes between the BSC and other NEs.
15.1 Transmission and Networking on the Abis Interface

This describes the networking between the BSC and the BTS. Three transmission modes can be
used over the Abis interface: Abis over TDM, Abis over HDLC, and Abis over IP.
15.2 Transmission and Networking on the A Interface
This describes the transmission and networking between the BSC and the MSC/MGW.
15.3 Transmission and Networking on the Pb Interface
This describes the transmission and networking between the BSC and the external PCU.
15.4 Transmission and Networking on the Ater Interface
This describes the transmission and networking between the BM subrack and the TC subrack.
15.5 Transmission and Networking on the Gb Interface
This describes the transmission and networking between the BSC and the SGSN. Two
transmission modes can be used on the Gb interface: Gb over FR and Gb over IP.

15 BSC Transmission and Networking BSC Product Description
15.1 Transmission and Networking on the Abis Interface

This describes the networking between the BSC and the BTS. Three transmission modes can be
used over the Abis interface: Abis over TDM, Abis over HDLC, and Abis over IP.
Transmission Modes on the Abis Interface

The following transmission modes can be used on the Abis interface:
l Abis over TDM

Abis over TDM indicates that the TDM transmission is used on the Abis interface. In this
case, the Abis interface board is the GEIUB/GOIUB/GEXUB/GOXUB, and the
transmission network between the BSC and the BTS is the SDH/PDH network.
l Abis over HDLC
Abis over HDLC indicates that layer 2 of the Abis interface protocol stack uses the HDLC
protocol. In this case, the Abis interface board is the GEHUB/GEXUB/GOXUB, and the
transmission network between the BSC and the BTS is the SDH/PDH network.
l Abis over IP
Abis over IP indicates that layer 3 of the Abis interface protocol stack uses the IP protocol.
In this case, the Abis interface board is the GFGUB/GOGUB, and the transmission network
between the BSC and the BTS is the IP network.
NOTE
Except that the Abis interface boards are different, the BSC PS signal flow in Abis over HDLC mode is
the same as that in Abis over IP mode.
Abis over TDM

In the Abis over TDM networking mode, the Abis interface board in the BSC is the GEIUB/
GOIUB/GEXUB/GOXUB. The GEIUB/GEXUB provides E1/T1 electrical ports, and the
GOIUB/GOXUB provides STM-1 optical ports.
l Figure 15-1 shows the E1/T1-based TDM networking on the Abis interface.
l Figure 15-2 shows the STM-1-based TDM networking on the Abis interface.
Figure 15-1 E1/T1-based TDM networking on the Abis interface
E1/T1 GEIUB
E1/T1
DDF ADM/DXC SDH/PDH ADM/DXC DDF BSC
network
E1/T1 GEXUB
BTS

Figure 15-2 STM-1-based TDM networking on the Abis interface
STM-1 GOIUB
E1/T1
DDF ADM/DXC SDH/PDH ADM/DXC ODF BSC
network
STM-1 GOXUB
BTS
NOTE
If the BTSs connected to the BSC are distributed on different PDH/SDH rings, additional ADM/DXC
devices should be used.
Advantages: The networking mode features maturity, flexible QoS, and security. Telecom
operators can make full use of the SDH/PDH transmission network resources.
Disadvantages: Compared with the IP transmission networking mode, the cost of this networking
mode is high.
Abis over HDLC

In Abis over HDLC networking mode, the Abis interface board in the BSC is the GEHUB/
GEXUB/GOXUB. The GEHUB/GEXUB provides E1/T1 electrical ports, and the GOXUB
provides STM-1 optical ports. The BSC can be connected to the BTS in HDLC transmission
mode or to the Hub BTS.
l Figure 15-3 shows the E1/T1-based HDLC networking on the Abis interface.
l Figure 15-4 shows the STM-1-based HDLC networking on the Abis interface.
Figure 15-3 E1/T1-based HDLC networking on the Abis interface

BTS Hub BTS
E1/T1
E1/T1 GEHUB
network
E1/T1 GEXUB
E1/T1
BTS

Figure 15-4 STM-1-based HDLC networking on the Abis interface

BTS Hub BTS
E1/T1
G
O
STM-1
DDF ADM/DXC SDH/PDH ADM/DXC ODF X BSC
network U
B
E1/T1
BTS
Advantages: If the networking mode is used, the utilization of the transmission resources over
the Abis interface is improved without reconstruction of the existing SDH/PDH networks.
Disadvantages: If the BTS ring topology is used, the BSC must be configured with the GEXUB/
GOXUB, which serves as the Abis interface board.
Hybrid Networking (Abis over TDM and Abis over HDLC)

The Abis over TDM and Abis over HDLC networking modes can be used on the Abis interface
simultaneously. In this case, the Abis interface supports the following configuration modes:
l Configuration mode 1
The BSC is configured with the GEIUB/GOIUB and GEHUB. Where, the GEIUB/GOIUB
supports TDM transmission and the GEHUB supports HDLC transmission. See Figure
15-5.
l Configuration mode 2
The BSC is configured with the GEXUB/GOXUB, which supports both TDM and HDLC
transmission. See Figure 15-6.
Figure 15-5 Hybrid networking (Abis over TDM and Abis over HDLC) (configuration mode
1)
BTS Hub BTS
E1/T1
E1/T1 GEIUB
network
E1/T1 GEHUB
E1/T1
BTS

Figure 15-6 Hybrid networking (Abis over TDM and Abis over HDLC) (configuration mode
2)
BTS Hub BTS
E1/T1
G
E
E1/T1 BSC
DDF ADM/DXC SDH/PDH ADM/DXC DDF X
network U
B
E1/T1
BTS
The characteristics of hybrid networking mode 1 are as follows:

l Advantages: If the Abis over HDLC networking mode is used, the utilization of the
transmission resources over the Abis interface is improved without reconstruction of the
existing SDH/PDH networks.
l Disadvantages: For hybrid combined cabinets and cabinet groups, as some BTSs use HDLC
transmission and some use TDM transmission, at least two cables are required to connect
the BTS to the BSC. Therefore, transmission resources are wasted.
The characteristics of hybrid networking mode 2 are as follows:
l Advantages: On the Abis interface, TDM transmission can be smoothly evolved into HDLC
transmission.
l Disadvantages: Data configuration is required to implement the timeslot monitoring
function.
Abis over IP
In the Abis over IP networking mode, the Abis interface board in the BSC is the GFGUB/
GOGUB. Based on the transmission networks, the Abis over IP networking modes can be
classified into the following types:
l Figure 15-7 shows the Multi-Service Transmission Platform (MSTP) based IP networking.
l Figure 15-8 shows the data-network-based IP networking.
Figure 15-7 MSTP-based IP networking on the Abis interface
G
FE FE/GE F
MSTP G BSC
U
Router B
Router
BTS

Figure 15-8 Data-network-based IP networking on the Abis interface

BTS
FE
Router G
Data network F
FE/GE BSC
IP/MPLS/VPN G
U
Router B
FE
Switch
BTS
Advantages of MSTP-based IP networking:

l Applies to the telecom operators that have established the SDH network or MSTP network.
l Provides up to 100 Mbit/s transmission bandwidth through the FE/GE ports, thus
facilitating the BTS upgrade and capacity expansion.
l Provides the VC trunk function, which enables the establishment of two VC trunk links
between the BTS and the BSC and ensures the security of data transmission. These two
links can be used to transmit real-time service data and non-real-time service data.
Disadvantages of MSTP-based IP networking: The MSTP network does not support the
evolution from telecommunication networks to IP networks.
Advantages of data-network-based IP networking:

l Provides large-capacity bandwidth and reliable transmission on the Abis interface
l Supports the evolution from GSM networks to IP networks
Disadvantages of data-network-based IP networking: cannot ensure good QoS. The end-to-end

QoS mechanism must be adopted.
15.2 Transmission and Networking on the A Interface

This describes the transmission and networking between the BSC and the MSC/MGW.
Transmission Modes on the A Interface

The following transmission modes can be used on the A interface:
l A over TDM
A over TDM indicates that the TDM transmission is used on the A interface. In this case,
the A interface board is the GEIUA/GOIUA, and the transmission network between the
BSC and the MSC/MGW is the SDH/PDH network.
l A over IP

A over IP indicates that layer 3 of the A interface protocol stack uses the IP protocol. In
this case, the A interface board is the GFGUA/GOGUA, and the transmission network
between the BSC and the MGW is the IP network.
A over TDM
In A over TDM networking mode, the A interface board in the BSC is the GEIUA/GOIUA,
which provides E1/T1 ports and STM-1 ports. The A over IP networking mode varies with
whether the TC function is performed by the BSC.
l E1/T1 Transmission on the A Interface
– The TC function is performed by the BSC. For the networking mode in this case, see
Figure 15-9.
– The TC function is performed by the MGW. For the networking mode in this case, see
Figure 15-10.
l STM-1 Transmission on the A Interface
– The TC function is performed by the BSC. For the networking mode in this case, see
Figure 15-11.
– The TC function is performed by the MGW. For the networking mode in this case, see
Figure 15-12.
Figure 15-9 E1/T1-based TDM networking on the A interface (1)
G
E
E1/T1 E1/T1
BSC I DDF ADM/DXC SDH/PDH ADM/DXC DDF
U network
A
MSC
Figure 15-10 E1/T1-based TDM networking on the A interface (2)
G
E
E1/T1 E1/T1
U network
A
MGW MSC Server
Figure 15-11 STM-1-based TDM networking on the A interface (1)
G
O
STM-1 E1/T1
BSC I ODF ADM/DXC SDH/PDH ADM/DXC DDF
U network
A
MSC

Figure 15-12 STM-1-based TDM networking on the A interface (2)
G
O
STM-1 E1/T1
U network
A
MGW MSC Server
Advantages: The networking mode features maturity, flexible QoS, and security. Telecom
operators can make full use of the SDH/PDH transmission network resources.
Disadvantages: Compared with the IP transmission networking mode, the cost of this networking
mode is high.
A over IP
If IP transmission is used on the A interface, the TC function is performed by the MGW.
In A over IP networking mode, the A interface adopts the VLAN technology. In other words,
signaling and service signals are labeled different VLAN IDs, which are used to differentiate
the signaling, voice service signals, and data service signals over the same physical link. Thus,
QoS is improved.
In A over IP networking mode, the A interface board in the BSC is the GFGUA/GOGUA, which
provides FE/GE electrical ports and GE optical ports.
Figure 15-13 shows the A over IP networking mode in which the transmission between the BSC
and the MGW is the layer 2 IP network.
Figure 15-14 shows the A over IP networking mode in which the transmission between the BSC
and the MGW is the layer 3 IP network.
Figure 15-13 IP networking on the A interface (1)

MSC Server
Switch
G
F FE/GE
BSC G L2 IP newwork
U
A
Switch
Switch
MGW

Figure 15-14 IP networking on the A interface (2)

MSC Server
Router
G
F FE/GE L3 IP newwork
BSC G
U
A Router
Router
MGW
Advantages: This networking mode provides large-capacity bandwidth and reliable transmission
on the A interface. It also supports the evolution from GSM networks to IP networks.
Disadvantages: The BSC must be connected to the Huawei MGW.
15.3 Transmission and Networking on the Pb Interface

This describes the transmission and networking between the BSC and the external PCU.
Pb over TDM indicates that the TDM transmission is used on the Pb interface. In this case, the
Pb interface board is the GEIUP/GOIUP, and the transmission network between the BSC and
the PCU is the SDH/PDH network.
The Pb interface supports only the TDM networking mode. The Pb interface board in the BSC
is the GEIUP/GOIUP, which provides E1/T1 ports and STM-1 ports respectively.
l Figure 15-15 shows the E1/T1-based TDM networking on the Pb interface.

l Figure 15-16 shows the STM-1-based TDM networking on the Pb interface.
Figure 15-15 E1/T1-based TDM networking on the Pb interface
G
E E1/T1 E1/T1
U network
P
PCU

Figure 15-16 STM-1-based TDM networking on the Pb interface
G
O STM-1 E1/T1
U network
P
PCU
15.4 Transmission and Networking on the Ater Interface

This describes the transmission and networking between the BM subrack and the TC subrack.
When the BM and the TC are configured in different subracks, they communicate with each
other over the Ater interface. The Ater interface supports only the TDM networking mode. Based
on the installation positions of the GTCS, several transmission and networking modes can be
used on the Ater interface.
l The GTCS is configured on the BSC side, and the E1/T1 transmission is used on the Ater
interface. For the networking on the Ater interface in this case, see Figure 15-17.
l The GTCS is configured on the MSC side, and the E1/T1 transmission is used on the Ater
l The GTCS is configured on the MSC side, and the STM-1 transmission is used on the Ater
Figure 15-17 E1/T1-based networking on the Ater interface (GTCS configured on the BSC side)
G G
E E1/T1 E1/T1 E
Main
GMPS I DDF I
GTCS
U U
T T
Figure 15-18 E1/T1-based networking on the Ater interface (GTCS configured on the MSC
side)
G G
E E1/T1 E1/T1 E
ADM/DXC SDH/PDH ADM/DXC Main
GMPS I DDF ADM/DXC DDF I
network GTCS
U U
T T

Figure 15-19 STM-1-based networking on the Ater interface (GTCS configured on the MSC
side)
G G
O STM-1 STM-1 O
ODF ADM/DXC SDH/PDH ADM/DXC ODF Main
GMPS I I
network GTCS
U U
T T
15.5 Transmission and Networking on the Gb Interface

This describes the transmission and networking between the BSC and the SGSN. Two
transmission modes can be used on the Gb interface: Gb over FR and Gb over IP.
Transmission Modes on the Gb Interface

The following transmission modes can be used on the Gb interface:
l Gb over FR
Gb over FR indicates that the Frame Relay (FR) protocol is used on the sub NS layer of
the Gb interface protocol stack. In this case, the Gb interface board is the GEPUG, and the
transmission network between the BSC and the SGSN is the FR network.
l Gb over IP
Gb over IP indicates that the IP protocol is used on the sub NS layer of the Gb interface
protocol stack. In this case, the Gb interface board is the GFGUG, and the transmission
network between the BSC and the SGSN is the IP network.
Gb over FR
In Gb over FR networking mode, the transmission network between the BSC and the SGSN is
the FR network. The Gb interface board in the BSC is the GEPUG, which provides E1/T1 ports,
Figure 15-20 E1/T1-based FR networking on the Gb interface
G
E
E1/T1 Fram Relay netwrok E1/T1
BSC P
U
G
SGSN
Advantages: The networking mode features maturity and can make full use of the existing FR
network.

Disadvantages: The bandwidth on the Gb interface is insufficient, so large-capacity requirements

of data services cannot be met.
Gb over IP
In Gb over IP networking mode, the transmission network between the BSC and the SGSN is
the IP network. The Gb interface board in the BSC is the GFGUG, which provides FE/GE ports,
Figure 15-21 FE/GE-based IP networking on the Gb interface
G
F FE/GE FE/GE
BSC G
U
G Router Router
SGSN
Advantages: Compared with the FR networking mode, the bandwidth on the Gb interface in the
IP networking mode is greatly increased, thus reducing the costs of network construction and
OM.
Disadvantages: The transmission in Gb over IP networking mode is less reliable than that in Gb
over FR networking mode.

BSC Product Description 16 BSC Technical Specifications
16 BSC Technical Specifications
About This Chapter
The BSC technical specifications consist of the capacity specifications, engineering

specifications, physical port specifications, reliability specifications, clock precision
specifications, noise and safety compliance, and environment specifications.
16.1 BSC Capacity Specifications

The BSC capacity specifications consist of CS service capacity specifications and PS service
capacity specifications.
16.2 BSC Engineering Specifications
The BSC engineering specifications consist of the structural specifications, power consumption
specifications, and electrical specifications.
16.3 BSC Physical Interfaces
The BSC physical interfaces consist of the transmission interfaces and clock interfaces.
16.4 BSC Reliability Specifications
The reliability specifications of the BSC consist of the system availability in typical
configuration, Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF), success rate of the switchover of the active
and standby boards, Mean Time To Repair (MTTR), and entire equipment yearly repair rate.
16.5 BSC Clock Precision Requirements
The BSC clock specifications consist of the clock precision, pull-in range, maximum frequency
offset, and initial maximum frequency offset.
16.6 BSC Noise and Safety Compliance
The noise level and safety requirements of the BSC comprise specifications pertaining to noise
control and the requirements that the BSC should meet.
16.7 BSC Environment Requirements
The BSC must comply with the environment requirements in terms of storage, transportation,
and operation.
16.8 Technical Specifications of BSC Parts
The technical specifications of the BSC parts consist of the specifications of the GBAM, GOMU,
power distribution box, and fan box.

16 BSC Technical Specifications BSC Product Description
16.1 BSC Capacity Specifications

The BSC capacity specifications consist of CS service capacity specifications and PS service
capacity specifications.
Table 16-1 lists the capacity specifications of the BSC.
Table 16-1 Capacity specification of the BSC

Specification Value
Maximum number of 2,048

BTSs

cells

TRXs
BHCA 3,500,000

subscribers
Maximum traffic 13,000 Erl

volume

PDCHs that can be
configured
Maximum number of l Uplink: 7

TBFs supported by a l Downlink: 8
PDCH
Number of 16 kbit/s 61,440

timeslots on the Abis
interface
EDGE RTT ≤ 200 ms

specification
Throughput on the 512 Mbit/s

Gb interface
16.2 BSC Engineering Specifications

The BSC engineering specifications consist of the structural specifications, power consumption
specifications, and electrical specifications.
Structural Specifications
Table 16-2 lists the structural specifications of the BSC.

Table 16-2 Structural specifications

Specification Value
Cabinet standard IEC60297 standard and IEEE standard
Cabinet outline dimensions 2,200 mm (height) x 600 mm (width) x 800 mm (depth)
Available cabinet space height 46 U
Weight of the cabinet Empty cabinet ≤ 150 kg; cabinet in full configuration
≤ 350 kg
Load-bearing capability of the ≥ 450 kg/m2

equipment room
Power Consumption Specifications

Table 16-3 lists the power consumption specifications of the BSC.
Table 16-3 Power consumption specifications

Recommended Power Power Power Power
Configuration Consumption Consumption Consumption Consumption
(Ater over (A over (A over E1, (A over FE,
STM-1, Abis STM-1, Abis Abis over E1, Abis over FE)
over E1, over E1, BM/ BM/TC
Excluding the TC Combined)
GTCS) Combined)
512 TRXs 700 W 890 W 1,325 W 890 W
1,024 TRXs 1,080 W 1,510 W 2,320 W 1,510 W
1,536 TRXs 1,360 W 1,950 W 3,250 W 1,950 W
2,048 TRXs 1,530 W 2,325 W 3,340 W 2,325 W
Electrical Specifications
Table 16-4 describes the power supply and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) specifications
of the BSC.
Table 16-4 Power supply and EMC specifications of the BSC

Specification Value
Power supply The BSC uses -48 V DC input.
EMC Complies with the ETSI EN 300 386 V1.3.2

(2003-05)
16.3 BSC Physical Interfaces

The BSC physical interfaces consist of the transmission interfaces and clock interfaces.

Transmission Interfaces of the BSC

The BSC has external transmission interfaces and internal transmission interfaces. Table 16-5
lists the specifications of the external transmission interfaces, and Table 16-6 lists the
specifications of the internal transmission interfaces.
Table 16-5 Specifications of the external transmission interfaces of the BSC

Transmission Board or Connector Remarks
Equipment
E1/T1 GEIUA DB44 The GEIUA provides

four E1/T1 ports,
which carry 32 E1/
T1 links and are used
for the TDM
transmission on the
A interface.
GEIUB DB44 The GEIUB provides

four E1/T1 ports,
which carry 32 E1/
for the TDM
transmission on the
Abis interface.
GEHUB DB44 The GEHUB

provides four E1/T1
ports, which carry 32
E1/T1 links and are
used for the HDLC
transmission on the
Abis interface.
GEXUB DB44 The GEXUB

provides four E1/T1
E1/T1 links and are
used for the TDM
transmission and
HDLC transmission
GEIUP DB44 The GEIUP provides

four E1/T1 ports,
which carry 32 E1/
for the TDM
transmission on the
Pb interface.


Equipment
GEPUG DB44 The GEPUG

provides four E1/T1
E1/T1 links and are
used for the FR
transmission on the
Gb interface.
STM-1 GOIUA LC/PC The GOIUA

provides an STM-1
port, which carries 63
E1 links or 84 T1
links. It is used for
the TDM
transmission on the
A interface.
GOIUB LC/PC The GOIUB

provides an STM-1
E1 links or 84 T1
the TDM
transmission on the
Abis interface.
GOXUB LC/PC The GOXUB

provides an STM-1
E1 links or 84 T1
the TDM
transmission and
HDLC transmission
GOIUP LC/PC The GOIUP provides

an STM-1 port,
which carries 63 E1
links or 84 T1 links.
It is used for the
TDM transmission
on the Pb interface.
FE GFGUA RJ45 The GFGUA

provides eight FE
ports, which are used
for the IP
transmission on the
A interface.


Equipment
GFGUB RJ45 The GFGUB

provides eight FE
for the IP
transmission on the
Abis interface.
GFGUG RJ45 The GFGUG

provides eight FE
for the IP
transmission on the
Gb interface.
LAN switch RJ45 The LAN switch

provides 24 FE ports.
GE GFGUA RJ45 The GFGUA

provides two GE
electrical ports,
which are used for
the IP transmission
on the A interface.
GFGUB RJ45 The GFGUB

provides two GE
electrical ports,
which are used for
the IP transmission
GFGUG RJ45 The GFGUA

provides two GE
electrical ports,
which are used for
the IP transmission
on the Gb interface.
GOGUA RJ45 The GOGUA

provides two GE
optical ports, which
are used for the IP
transmission on the
A interface.
GOGUB RJ45 The GOGUB

provides two GE
optical ports, which
are used for the IP
transmission on the
Abis interface.

NOTE
As listed in Table 16-5, the LAN switch provides 24 Fast Ethernet (FE) ports. The LMT and M2000 access
the GBAM through the LAN switch.
Table 16-6 Specifications of the internal transmission interfaces of the BSC

Equipment
E1/T1 GEIUT DB44 The GEIUT

provides four E1/T1
ports, which carry
32 E1/T1 links and
are used for the
TDM transmission
on the Ater
interface.
STM-1 GOIUT LC/PC The GOIUT

provides an STM-1
port, which carries
63 E1 links or 84 T1
the TDM
transmission on the
Ater interface.
FE GBAM RJ45 The GBAM

provides one FE
port.
GE GBAM RJ45 The GBAM

provides two GE
ports.
GOMU RJ45 The GOMU

provides three GE
ports.
GSCU RJ45 The GSCU provides

ten FE ports, which
are used for the GE
interconnection
between subracks.
TDM GTNU DB14 TDM high-speed

serial port is used
for the connection
between the
GTNUs in different
subracks.


Equipment
LVDS GGCU RJ45 The GGCU

provides 10 LVDS
high-speed serial
ports for the
transmission of
clock signals
between subracks.
Clock Interfaces of the BSC

Table 16-7 lists the specifications of BSC clock interfaces.
Table 16-7 Specifications of the clock interfaces of the BSC
Port Board Name Connector Remarks
Input port for GGCU SMB male connector Receives one 2.048
synchronized clock MHz clock signal or
signals 2.048 Mbit/s code
stream signal
Output port for GGCU RJ45 Transmits 8 kHz

synchronized clock clock signals to the
signals GSCU
Input port for GSCU RJ45 Receives 8 kHz

reference clock clock signals from
the GGCU
16.4 BSC Reliability Specifications

The reliability specifications of the BSC consist of the system availability in typical
configuration, Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF), success rate of the switchover of the active
and standby boards, Mean Time To Repair (MTTR), and entire equipment yearly repair rate.
Table 16-8 describes the reliability specifications of the BSC.
Table 16-8 Reliability specifications of the BSC
Specification Value
System availability in typical configuration ≥ 99.9998%
MTBF 409,387 h
Success rate of the switchover of the active and ≥ 99%

standby boards
MTTR ≤1h

Specification Value
Entire equipment yearly repair rate 1.0%
16.5 BSC Clock Precision Requirements

The BSC clock specifications consist of the clock precision, pull-in range, maximum frequency
offset, and initial maximum frequency offset.
Table 16-9 describes the clock specifications of the BSC.
Table 16-9 Clock specifications of the BSC

Specification Value
Clock precision ±4.6 × 10-6
Pull-in range ±4.6 × 10-6
Maximum frequency offset 2 × 10-8/day
Initial maximum frequency offset 1 × 10-8
16.6 BSC Noise and Safety Compliance

The noise level and safety requirements of the BSC comprise specifications pertaining to noise
control and the requirements that the BSC should meet.
Table 16-10 describes the specifications of the noise and safety compliance of the BSC.
Table 16-10 Specifications of the noise and safety compliance of the BSC
Specification Value
Noise < 7.2 bels (sound power level); The BSC meets the requirements
specified in ETS 300 753 / ISO 7779
< 65 dBA (sound pressure level); The BSC meets the

requirements specified in GR-63-Core / ANSI S1.4-1983
Security The BSC complies with the following specifications:

l UL 60950
l EN 60950
l IEC 60825
l GB 4943-2000
16.7 BSC Environment Requirements

The BSC must comply with the environment requirements in terms of storage, transportation,
and operation.

16.7.1 BSC Storage Requirements

This describes the requirements related to climate, waterproofing conditions, biological
environment, air purity, and mechanical stress during the BSC storage.
16.7.2 BSC Transportation Requirements
This describes the requirements for the climate, waterproofing, biological environment, air
purity, and mechanical stress during BSC transportation.
16.7.3 BSC Operating Environment Requirements
The operating environment requirements of the BSC involve climate, waterproofing, biological
environment, air purity, and mechanical stress.
16.7.1 BSC Storage Requirements

This describes the requirements related to climate, waterproofing conditions, biological
environment, air purity, and mechanical stress during the BSC storage.
Climatic Requirements
Table 16-11 lists the climatic requirements related to the indoor storage environment of the
BSC.
Table 16-11 Climatic requirements (storage)

Specification Value
Temperature -40 to +70
Temperature change rate ≤ 1/min
Relative humidity 10% to 100%
Altitude ≤ 5,000 m
Air pressure 70–106 kPa
Solar radiation ≤ 1,120 W/s2
Thermal radiation ≤ 600 W/s2
Wind speed ≤ 30 m/s
WARNING
Temperature requirement of the KVM: –40°C to +60°C.
Waterproofing Requirements
The waterproofing requirements related to the indoor storage environment of the BSC are as
follows:
l It should be stored indoors.
l Water should not accumulate on the ground or endanger the packing case.

l The equipment should be kept away from possible water leakages, such as auto fire-
protection device and air conditioner.
If you have to place the equipment outdoors, ensure that:
l The packing case is intact.
l Waterproofing measures are taken appropriately to prevent rainwater from damaging the
packing case.
l Water does not accumulate on the ground or endanger the packing case.
l The packing case is not exposed to direct sunlight.
Biological Environment Requirements

The biological environment requirements related to the indoor storage environment of the BSC
are as follows:
l The environment should not be conducive to the growth of fungus or mildew.
l There should not be rodents, such as rats.
Air Purity Requirements

The air purity requirements related to the indoor storage environment of the BSC are as follows:
l There should not be explosive, conductive, magneto-conductive, or corrosive dust in the
air.
l The density of physically active materials should comply with the requirements listed in
Table 16-12.
l The density of chemically active materials should comply with the requirements listed in
Table 16-13.
Table 16-12 Requirements for physically active materials (storage)

Physically Active Unit Density
Material
Suspended dust mg/m3 ≤ 5.00
Falling dust mg/m3.h ≤ 20.0
Sand mg/m3 ≤ 300
NOTE
l Suspended dust: diameter ≤ 75 um
l Falling dust: 75 um ≤ diameter ≤ 150 um
l Sand: 150 μm ≤ diameter ≤ 1000 μm

Table 16-13 Requirements for chemically active materials (storage)

Chemically Active Unit Density
Material
SO2 mg/m3 ≤ 0.30
H2S mg/m3 ≤ 0.10
NO2 mg/m3 ≤ 0.50
NH3 mg/m3 ≤ 1.00
Cl2 mg/m3 ≤ 0.10
HCI mg/m3 ≤ 0.10
HF mg/m3 ≤ 0.01
O3 mg/m3 ≤ 0.05
Mechanical Stress Requirements

Table 16-14 lists the mechanical stress requirements related to the indoor storage environment
of the BSC.
Table 16-14 Mechanical stress requirements (storage)

Item Sub Item Specifications
Sinusoidal Offset ≤ 7.0 mm -

vibration
Accelerated speed - ≤ 20.0m/s2
Frequency range 2Hz to 9Hz 9Hz to 200Hz
Unsteady impact Impact response ≤ 250m/s2

spectrum II
Static payload ≤ 5 kPa

NOTE
l Impact response spectrum refers to the maximum acceleration response curve generated by the
equipment under specified impact excitation. Impact response spectrum II means that the duration of
semi-sine impact response spectrum is 6 ms.
l Static payload refers to the capability of the equipment in package to bear the pressure from the top in
normal pile-up method.
16.7.2 BSC Transportation Requirements

This describes the requirements for the climate, waterproofing, biological environment, air
purity, and mechanical stress during BSC transportation.

Requirements for Climate

Table 16-15 lists the requirements for the climate during BSC transportation.
Table 16-15 Requirements for the climate (transportation)
Item Requirement
Temperature -40 to +70
Relative humidity 5% to 100%
Solar radiation ≤ 1,120 W/s2
Thermal radiation ≤ 600 W/s2
Requirements for Waterproofing

The requirements for the waterproofing during equipment transportation are as follows:
l The packing case should be intact.

l Waterproofing measures should be taken appropriately to prevent rainwater from damaging
the packing case.
l Water should not be accumulated inside the transportation vehicle.
Requirements for Biological Environment

The requirements for the biological environment during equipment transportation are as follows:
l The environment should not be conducive to the growth of fungus or mildew.

Requirements for Air Purity

The requirements for air purity during equipment transportation are as follows:
l There should not be explosive, conductive, magneto-conductive, or corrosive dust in the

air.
Table 16-16.
Table 16-17.

Table 16-16 Requirements for physically active materials (transportation)

Material
Suspended dust mg/m3 No requirement
Falling dust mg/m3.h ≤ 3.0
Sand mg/m3 ≤ 100
NOTE
l Suspended dust: diameter ≤ 75 um
l Falling dust: 75 um ≤ diameter ≤ 150 um
l Sand: 150 μm ≤ diameter ≤ 1000 μm
Table 16-17 Requirements for chemically active materials (transportation)

Material
SO2 mg/m3 ≤ 0.30
H2S mg/m3 ≤ 0.10
NO2 mg/m3 ≤ 0.50
NH3 mg/m3 ≤ 1.00
Cl2 mg/m3 ≤ 0.10
HCI mg/m3 ≤ 0.10
HF mg/m3 ≤ 0.01
O3 mg/m3 ≤ 0.05
Requirements for Mechanical Stress

Table 16-18 lists the requirements for the mechanical stress during the BSC transportation.
Table 16-18 Requirements for the mechanical stress (transportation)

Sinusoidal Offset ≤ 7.5 mm - -

vibration
Accelerated - ≤ 20.0 m/s2 ≤ 40.0 m/s2
speed
Frequency range 2-9 Hz 9-200 Hz 200-500 Hz

Random Spectrum 10 m2/s3 3 m2/s3 1 m2/s3

vibration density of
accelerated
speed
Frequency range 2-9 Hz 9-200 Hz 200-500 Hz
Unsteady Impact response ≤ 300 m/s2

impact spectrum II
Static payload ≤ 10 kPa

NOTE


16.7.3 BSC Operating Environment Requirements

The operating environment requirements of the BSC involve climate, waterproofing, biological
environment, air purity, and mechanical stress.
Climatic Requirements
Table 16-20 and Table 16-19 list the requirements for operating the BSC.
Table 16-19 Temperature and humidity requirements
Temperature Relative humidity
Long- Short-term Long-term Short-term

term
0 to -5 to +55 5% to 85% 5% to 95%

+45
NOTE
l The temperature and humidity are measured 1.5 m above the floor and 0.4 m in front of the equipment,
without protective panels in front of and behind the cabinet.
l Short-term operation refers to the continuous operations within 96 hours or accumulated operations of
not more than 15 days a year.
Table 16-20 Other requirements
Item Specifications

Item Specifications
Solar radiation ≤ 700 W/m2
Thermal radiation ≤ 600 W/m2
Biological Environment Requirements

The working environment of the BSC should meet the following air purity requirements:
l The environment should not be conducive for the growth of fungus or mildew.
Air Purity Requirements

The working environment of the BSC should meet the following air purity requirements:
l There should be no explosive, conductive, magneto-conductive, or corrosive dust in the

air.
Table 16-21.
Table 16-22.
Table 16-21 Requirements for physically active materials (operating)

Material
Dust particles Particles/m3 ≤ 3×104 (There is no visible

dust within three days.)
NOTE
Dust particles: diameter ≥ 5 μm
Table 16-22 Requirements for chemically active materials (operating)

Material
SO2 mg/m3 ≤ 0.20
H2S mg/m3 ≤ 0.006
NH3 mg/m3 ≤ 0.05
Cl2 mg/m3 ≤ 0.01

Mechanical Stress Requirements

Table 16-23 describes the mechanical stress requirements for operating the BSC.
Table 16-23 Mechanical Stress Requirements

Sinusoidal Offset ≤ 3.5 mm -

vibration
Accelerated - ≤ 10.0m/s2
speed
Frequency range 2 Hz to 9 Hz 9 Hz to 200 Hz
Unsteady Impact response ≤ 100 m/s2

impact spectrum II
Static payload 0
NOTE
16.8 Technical Specifications of BSC Parts

The technical specifications of the BSC parts consist of the specifications of the GBAM, GOMU,
power distribution box, and fan box.
16.8.1 Technical Specifications of the GBAM

The technical specifications of the GBAM consist of the hardware configuration specifications
and performance specifications.
16.8.2 Technical Specifications of the GOMU
The hardware configuration and performance specifications of the GOMU consist of the
specifications of dimensions, power supply, power consumption, weight, operating temperature,
and operating relative humidity.
16.8.3 Technical Specifications of the BSC Common Power Distribution Box
The technical specifications of the BSC power distribution box consist of the input specifications
and output specifications.
16.8.4 Technical Specifications of the BSC High-Power Distribution Box
The technical specifications of the BSC high-power distribution box consist of the input
specifications and output specifications.
16.8.1 Technical Specifications of the GBAM

The technical specifications of the GBAM consist of the hardware configuration specifications
and performance specifications.
The BSC can be configured with three types of GBAM: IBM X3650T, Huawei C5210, and HP
CC3310.

Hardware Configuration Specifications of the GBAM

Table 16-24 lists the hardware configuration specifications of the IBM X3650. Table 16-25
lists the hardware configuration specifications of the Huawei C5210. Table 16-26 lists the
hardware configuration specifications of the HP CC3310.
Table 16-24 Hardware configuration specifications of the GBAM (IBM X3650T)

Parameter Description
CPU Double-CPU, CPU clock speed: 3.2 GHz
Memory 2 GB
Hard disk 2 x 146 GB RAID1

capacity
Ethernet adapter Four Ethernet adapters are configured:

l Two Ethernet adapters are integrated into the main board and work in
active/standby mode.
l The other two Ethernet adapters are inserted into the PCI slots and work
in active/standby mode.
Table 16-25 Hardware configuration specifications of the GBAM (Huawei C5210)

Memory 2 GB
Hard disk 2 x 146 GB RAID1

capacity
Ethernet adapter Three or four Ethernet adapters are configured.

l The other Ethernet adapter is inserted into a PCI slot and works
independently. Alternatively, the other two Ethernet adapters are
inserted into the PCI slots and work in active/standby mode.
Table 16-26 Hardware configuration specifications of the GBAM (HP CC3310)

Memory 2 GB
Hard disk 2 x 46 G RAID1

capacity

Ethernet adapter Three Ethernet adapters are configured.

l The other Ethernet adapter is inserted into a PCI slot and works
independently.
Performance Specifications of the GBAM

Table 16-27 lists the performance specifications of the three types of GBAM.
Table 16-27 Performance specifications of the GBAM
Number of alarms to be A maximum of 300,000 alarm entries can be recorded and exported.
stored
Maximum time for The performance measurement result files can be saved for up to
saving the performance 15 days.
measurement result
files
Time for starting the l It takes about two minutes to restart the GBAM after its upgrade.
GBAM l It takes about five minutes to restart the GBAM due to its failure.
16.8.2 Technical Specifications of the GOMU

The hardware configuration and performance specifications of the GOMU consist of the
specifications of dimensions, power supply, power consumption, weight, operating temperature,
and operating relative humidity.
Table 16-28 lists the hardware configuration specifications of the GOMU.
Table 16-28 Hardware configuration specifications of the GOMU
Specification Value
Dimensions 366.7 mm x 220 mm
Power supply Two routes of –48 V DC with redundancy

configuration (provided by the backplane of the
subrack)
Power Consumption 90 W
Weight 3.5 kg
Temperature in long-term operation -5 to +40
Temperature in short-term operation 0 to +50

Specification Value
Relative humidity in long-term 5% to 85% RH

operation
Relative humidity in short-term 5% to 95% RH

operation
Table 16-29 lists the performance specifications of the GOMU.
Table 16-29 Performance specifications of the GOMU

Specification Value
Initial backup time of the GOMU Less than 30 minutes

The initial backup time of the GOMU refers to the
initial time for backing up the script files. This
parameter is related to the file size and the
difference between the files in the active and
standby GOMUs.
Switchover time between the active and 2 to 3 minutes

standby GOMUs The switchover time between the active and
standby GOMUs refers to time between the
switchover request is accepted and the switchover
operation is complete. The switchover time consists
of the following segments:
l Switchover negotiation time
l Stopping process time
l Start time of the new active GOMU
16.8.3 Technical Specifications of the BSC Common Power

Distribution Box
The technical specifications of the BSC power distribution box consist of the input specifications
and output specifications.
Table 16-30 describes the technical specifications of the BSC power distribution box.
Table 16-30 Technical specifications of the BSC power distribution box

Item Sub Item Specification
Input specifications Rated input voltage –48 V DC
Input voltage -40 V DC to -57 V DC
Input mode Two –48 V DC inputs

Maximum input current Two inputs, each of which

has a maximum input current
of 100 A
Output specifications Rated output voltage –48 V DC
Output voltage -40 V DC to -57 V DC
Independent output Six groups of independent

power output: Each group
consists of one –48 V output
and one RTN output. The
output of current is
controlled by a switch, which
performs short-circuiting
functions. When the total
current of the six groups of
power output is smaller than
100 A, the maximum current
of each power output is 70 A.
Output protection The current at the

specifications overcurrent protection point
is 87.5 A. You need to restore
the default value manually.
Rated output power 4,800 W in hot backup mode
16.8.4 Technical Specifications of the BSC High-Power Distribution

Box
The technical specifications of the BSC high-power distribution box consist of the input
specifications and output specifications.
Table 16-31 lists the technical specifications of the BSC high-power distribution box.
Table 16-31 Technical specifications of the BSC high-power distribution box
Input Rated input voltage -48 V DC or -60 V DC

specifications
Input voltage -40 V DC to -72 V DC
Input mode Two groups of power inputs: A and B. Group A

consists of the power inputs A1+A2 and A3. Group
B consists of the power inputs B1+B2 and B3. Each
group has one to two -48 V DC/-60 V DC power
inputs.
Maximum input The maximum rated input current of each route is

current 100 A.

Output Rated output voltage -48 V DC or -60 V DC

specifications
Output voltage -40 V DC to -72 V DC
Independent output Two groups of power outputs: A and B. Each group

has one to three -48 V DC/-60 V DC power outputs.
The maximum rated output current of each output
is 50 A and that of each group is 100 A.
Each output is controlled by the MCBs: A8-A10
and B8-B10. These MCBs provide the overcurrent
protection function.
Output protection The current at the overcurrent protection point is

specifications 70 A. You need to restore the default value
manually.
Rated output power 9,600 W (Two groups of power outputs: A and B.

Each group has two –48 V DC power outputs.)
NOTE
For group A, power inputs A1+A2 correspond to power outputs A1-A8, and power input A3 corresponds
to power outputs A9-A10. Similarly, for group B, power inputs B1+B2 correspond to power outputs B1-
B8, and power input B3 corresponds to power outputs B9-B10.


BSC Product Description (V900R008C11 - 02)

Caricato da

Informazioni sul documento

Titolo originale

Copyright

Formati disponibili

Condividi questo documento

Condividi o incorpora il documento

Opzioni di condivisione

Hai trovato utile questo documento?

Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

BSC Product Description (V900R008C11 - 02)

Caricato da

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller

BSC Product Description

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2008. All rights reserved.

Trademarks and Permissions

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

About This Document.....................................................................................................................1

4 BSC Hardware Configuration..................................................................................................4-1

5 BSC TDM Switching Subsystem............................................................................................5-1

6 BSC GE Switching Subsystem................................................................................................6-1

7 BSC Service Processing Subsystem........................................................................................7-1

8 BSC Service Control Subsystem.............................................................................................8-1

Issue 02 (2008-10-20) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential i

9 BSC Interface Processing Subsystem.....................................................................................9-1

10 BSC Clock Subsystem...........................................................................................................10-1

11 BSC Power Subsystem..........................................................................................................11-1

14 BSC Signal Flow.....................................................................................................................14-1

15 BSC Transmission and Networking...................................................................................15-1

ii Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2008-10-20)

15.3 Transmission and Networking on the Pb Interface.....................................................................................15-9

16 BSC Technical Specifications..............................................................................................16-1

Issue 02 (2008-10-20) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential iii

Figure 2-1 Position of the BSC in the GSM/GPRS network...............................................................................2-2

Issue 02 (2008-10-20) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential v

Figure 5-3 Intra-subrack TDM interconnections..................................................................................................5-3

vi Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2008-10-20)

Figure 14-6 CS signal flow (6)...........................................................................................................................14-5

Issue 02 (2008-10-20) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential vii

Figure 15-20 E1/T1-based FR networking on the Gb interface.......................................................................15-11

viii Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2008-10-20)

Table 2-1 Functions of each NE in the GSM/GPRS network..............................................................................2-2

Issue 02 (2008-10-20) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential ix

Table 16-22 Requirements for chemically active materials (operating)..........................................................16-16

x Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2008-10-20)

About This Document

Product Name Model Product Version

BSC BSC6000 V900R008C11

Issue 02 (2008-10-20) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1

2 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2008-10-20)

The BSC technical specifications consist of the capacity specifications, engineering

Indicates a hazard with a high level of risk, which if not

Indicates a hazard with a medium or low level of risk, which

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which if not

Indicates a tip that may help you solve a problem or save

Provides additional information to emphasize or supplement

Times New Roman Normal paragraphs are in Times New Roman.

Boldface Names of files, directories, folders, and users are in

Italic Book titles are in italics.

Boldface The keywords of a command line are in boldface.

Italic Command arguments are in italics.

Issue 02 (2008-10-20) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3

[] Items (keywords or arguments) in brackets [ ] are optional.

{ x | y | ... } Optional items are grouped in braces and separated by

[ x | y | ... ] Optional items are grouped in brackets and separated by

{ x | y | ... }* Optional items are grouped in braces and separated by

[ x | y | ... ]* Optional items are grouped in brackets and separated by

Boldface Buttons, menus, parameters, tabs, window, and dialog titles

> Multi-level menus are in boldface and separated by the ">"

4 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2008-10-20)

Double-click Press the primary mouse button twice continuously and

Issue 02 (2008-10-20) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 5

1 Changes in BSC Product Description