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ABSTRACT
A study was conducted to assess the floristic composition of Lala Kalay District
Peshawar during 2016-17. The floristic diversity consisted of 80 species belonging to 45
families. Asteraceae and Solanaceae were the dominant families each comprised 6 species,
followed by Poaceae and Euphorbiaceae (5 species each), Moraceae and Rosaceae (each
with 4 species). The rest of the families contributed 1-2 species. Biological spectrum reflected
that Therophytes was the dominated life form that contributed 30 species (37.5%), followed by
Microphenrophytes (16 species, 20%), nanophanerophytes (14 species, 17.5%) and
Caemephytes (8 species, 10%), geophytes (7 species, 8.75%), Phanerophytes (3 species,
3.75%) and Hemicryptophytes (1 species, 1.25%). The leaf spectrum revealed that
Microphyll was dominated in the area with 33 species (41.25%), followed by Mesophylls (20
species, 25%) and Nanophyll (18 species, 22.25%),while Leptophylls and Megaphyll were
less important (each with 4 species, 5%). Data on biological spectra can be utilized for
management of the studied habitat and further assessment for carbon footprint and many
other studies.
Keywords: Flora, ecological characteristics, Lala Kalay, plant diversity, Peshawar.
Citation: Samad, M., L. Badshah and S. M. Khan. 2018. Biological spectra of Lala Kalay
area district Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province Pakistan. Pak. J. Weed Sci. Res. 24
(4): 353-262.
1
Phytoecology Lab., Department of Botany University of Peshawar, Pakistan.
2
Plant Ecology and Conservation Lab., Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University
Islamabad, Pakistan
Corresponding author’s e-mail: mehreensamad69@gmail.com
354 Mehreen Samad at al. Biological Spectra of Lala Kalay area ……
were the dominant life form, which leptophyll and mesophyll, which are
further strengthen our study. Badshah et agreed to our findings. Tareen and Qadir
al. (2013) reported that therophytes was (1993) studied Sinjawi to Duki regions.
the dominant life form which supports our They stated that Leaf size showed that
findings. They found that life form spectra Microphyll Leaf size class was found to be
of plants are therophytes 107 (37.80%) in highest percentage, followed by
and nanophanerophyte 47 species Nanophylls. Leaf size spectrum of
(16.66%) respectively were dominant life different altitudinal zones show that
form group. Microphylls increase gradually from lower
B. Leaf size Spectra to upper zones. Nanophylls were slightly
high in the lower zone. Malik et al. (2007)
The overall leaf size spectra of the region studied the leaf size spectra of Ganga
was dominated by Microphyll containing a Chotti and Bedori Hills and mentioned
total of 33 species (41.25 %) followed by that microphylls were the dominant leaf
Mesophyll with 20 species (25 %), size followed by nanophylls in springs and
Nanophyll 18 species (22.5 %), monsoon which further strengthen our
Leptophyll 4 species (5 %) and Megaphyll present study owing to the same
4 species (5 %), given in (Table-2, Fig. 2) altitudinal variation. Khan et al. (2012)
Nasir & Sultan (2002) mentioned that the worked on biological characteristics of
dominant leaf size class of the area was plant in Tehsil Takht- e-Nasrati and
nanophyll, which almost support our mentioned that microphylls was the
finding. Hussain et al. (2009) leaf size dominant leaf size with (52.8%) species
spectrum fields of University of Peshawar followed by nanophylls (19.88%) support
Botanical Garden at Azhakhel, our present findings. Very recently
Nowshehra, concluded that nanophylls Samreen et al (2018) have elucidated the
were the major Leaf size class followed by floral diversity of Frontier Region, Dera
microphyl, Ismail Khan is also in line our findings.
Pak. J. Weed Sci. Res., 24(4): 353-362, 2018 357
1 Therophytes 30 37.5
2 Microphanerophytes 16 20.0
3 Nanophanerophytes 14 17.5
4 Chamaephytes 8 10 .0
5 Geophytes 7 8.75
6 Phanerophytes 3 3.75
7 Hemicryptophytes 1 1.25
S.No Leaf Size No. of species %age
1 Microphyll 33 41.25
2 Nanophyll 18 22.5
3 Mesophyll 20 25.0
4 Leptophyll 4 5.0
5 Megaphyll 4 5.0
360 Mehreen Samad at al. Biological Spectra of Lala Kalay area ……
37.5%
40.0%
Life Form
30.0%
20%
17.5%
20.0%
10% 8.75%
10.0% 3.75%
1.25%
0.0%
Fig.1. Life Form Spectra (%) of flora of Lala Kalay, Peshawar, Pakistan.
45.00%
41.25% Leaf Size
40.00%
35.00%
30.00% 25%
22.5%
25.00%
20.00%
15.00%
5% 5%
10.00%
5.00%
0.00%
MicrophyllNanophyllMesophyllLeptophyllMegaphyll
Fig. 2. Leaf Size Spectra (%) of flora of Lala Kalay, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Pak. J. Weed Sci. Res., 24(4): 353-362, 2018 361
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