GU-629 Application and Selection of Standard Pipe Supports (Formerly SP1187)

Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C.
UNRESTRICTED Document ID: GU 629

December 2009 Filing key: 629
Application & Selection of Standard Pipe Supports
GU 629
(Formerly SP 1187)
This document is the property of Petroleum Development Oman, LLC. Neither the whole nor any
part of this document may be disclosed to others or reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form by any means (electronic, mechanical, reprographic recording or otherwise)
without prior written consent of the owner.
Guidelines for Selection of Standard Pipe supports Version 1.0
Authorised For Issue Dec 2009
Signed: ............................................................
Ali Nasser Al Jahadhamy, UIB4 (UEB)
CFDH, Civil Engineering
The following is a brief summary of the recent revisions to this document. Details of all revisions prior to
these are held on file by the issuing department.
Version Date Author Scope / Remarks

No.
Revision 2 June ‘94 BEZ/5 Second Issue of ERD-28-03
Version 1.0 July ‘00 OTE/3 (CFDH) Original Issue PDO-SP-1187 EDMS
supersedes ERD-28-03
Version 2.0 December ‘04 Ali Nasser Al Jahadhamy, Specification revised to the standard
TTO/2 (UEC) format and minor changes to the text
Version 1.0 December ‘09 Ali Jahadhamy Converted to Guidelines GU 629
(UIB4(UEB))
GU 629 Page i Dec 2009

Version 1.0 Guidelines for Selection of Standard Pipe supports
Contents
1.0 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................1
1.1 Purpose .............................................................................................................................1
1.2 User Guidelines ................................................................................................................1
1.3 Changes to the Guideline ..................................................................................................2
1.4 Applicable Standards, Specifications and Codes ..............................................................2
1.4.1 PDO Standards.................................................................................................2
1.4.2 SIEP / Shell GSI Standards ..............................................................................2
1.4.3 International Standards ....................................................................................2
1.5 Alternative Materials ........................................................................................................4
1.6 Compliance with Standards ..............................................................................................4
2.0 Scope ......................................................................................................................................5

2.1 General..............................................................................................................................5
2.2 Design Criteria ..................................................................................................................5
2.2.1 Materials ..........................................................................................................6
2.2.2 Design ..............................................................................................................6
2.2.2.1 Wind Forces ....................................................................................................6
2.2.2.2 Ground Bearing Capacity ................................................................................6
2.2.2.3 Foundations .....................................................................................................6
2.2.2.4 Guide Clearances ............................................................................................6
2.2.2.5 Support Spacing ..............................................................................................7
2.2.2.6 Loading from Pipe Work ................................................................................8
2.2.2.7 Bearing Surfaces .............................................................................................9
2.2.2.8 Piping Forces...................................................................................................9
2.2.2.9 Valves .............................................................................................................9
2.3 User Procedure ...............................................................................................................10
2.4 The Complete Selection of Pipe Supports ......................................................................12
2.4.1 Supports from Concrete/Foundations ............................................................12
2.4.2 Supports from Steel Work etc. .......................................................................14
2.4.3 Ancillary Supports .........................................................................................18
2.4.4 Standard Foundations ....................................................................................19
2.5 Sleeper & Tee Post Selection Charts ..............................................................................20
2.6 Permissible Piping Forces...............................................................................................24
2.6.1 Permissible Piping Forces for ‘Pipe shoes’ Type 416 ...................................24
2.6.2 Permissible Piping Forces for ‘Pedestal Support’ Type 426 .........................24
2.6.3 Permissible Piping Forces for ‘Trunnion Support’ Type 441 ........................25
2.6.4 Permissible Piping Forces for ‘Dummy Support’ Type 443 ..........................25
2.6.5 Permissible Piping Forces for ‘Pipe Stop’ Type 602 .....................................26
2.6.6 Permissible Piping Forces for ‘Pipe Guide’ Type 604 ..................................26
2.6.7 Permissible Piping Forces for ‘Pedestal Anchor’ Type 701 ..........................26
2.6.8 Permissible Piping Forces for ‘Anchors’ Type 702 .......................................27
2.6.9 Permissible Piping Forces for ‘Anchors’ Type 703 .......................................27
2.7 Inspection Test Plan (ITP) ..............................................................................................27
Appendices ................................................................................................................................28
Appendix A: Glossary of Definitions & Abbreviations .......................................................29
A.1 General ................................................................................................................29
A.2 Abbreviations ......................................................................................................29
Appendix B: Pictorial Index of Various Pipe Supports........................................................31
Appendix C: Pipe Supports Standard Drawings ..................................................................32
C.1 Drawings STD-2-3101-001-A3 through to STD-2-3129-001-A3 ......................33
Dec 2009 Page ii GU 629

C.8 Drawings STD-2-3901-001-A3 through to STD-2-3908-002-A3 ...................... 40

C.9 Drawing STD-2-3950-001-A3 Standard Foundation Bolts ................................ 41
Appendix D: GU User - Comment Form ............................................................................. 42
GU 629 Page iii Dec 2009

1.0 Introduction
1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this document is to provide pre-designed Standard Pipe Support Drawings for the
use of PDO and its nominated Consultants and Contractors for the development and operation of
Company facilities.
This guideline is intended to:
- Set the Company standards for facilities along the facilities life cycle.
- Disseminate and record facilities related information, experience and procedures.
1.2 User Guidelines
This Guideline supersedes Version-2 of SP-1187 ‘Specification for Application & Selection of
Standard Pipe Supports’. Other than the conversion or formatting, the following are the main
changes to this document.
- This document is converted to form a guideline for selection of pipe supports
- Applicable Standards, Specifications and Codes are revised
- Standard Pipe Support drawings are revised to reflect the latest material codes and
foundation coatings
- The Pictorial Index of Various Pipe Supports and Standard Pipe Supports detail
drawings are enclosed in Appendix B & C
- Sleeper & Tee post selection charts revised- Standard sleeper drawings revised to
accommodate pipe holders at the end of sleeper
- Bar bending schedule drawings revised as per BS8666-2005
The User of this Guidelines should refer to the ‘User Procedure’ (section 2.3) to determine the
type of pipe support required and the Selection Charts (section 2.5) to select Standard Drawings for
the chosen pipe support.
For pipe supports selected from this guideline, the User shall make use of Electronic Files or
photocopies of the relevant Standard drawings. The standard drawings can be directly obtained
from the Live Link or PDO Drawing office Services Department.
The revision status of the Standard Pipe Support drawings shown in section 2.4, are the latest at the
time of preparation of this document. It is the responsibility of the user to verify and obtain the
latest revision of the standard drawings.
If a pipe support is not accommodated by the Standard drawings given in this Guideline, the User
shall design a separate pipe support and shall make reference to section 1.4 & section 2.2 of this
document.
For all HSE requirements, the User shall refer the CP-122 Code of Practice for ‘Health, Safety and
Environmental Protection’ and other documents referenced therein.
GU 629 Page 1 Dec 2009

1.3 Changes to the Guideline
Custodian of this document is the Corporate Functional Discipline Head (CFDH) of Civil
Engineering. Any User of this document, who encounters an inaccuracy or ambiguity, is requested
to notify the CFDH using the GU user-comment form provided in Appendix-D.
Reviews and modifications or changes to the guideline will normally be made by the CFDH every
four years or earlier when justified.
1.4 Applicable Standards, Specifications and Codes
This guideline shall be read in conjunction with the latest revisions of the following Standards,
Specifications and Codes for the design, materials and construction works.
1.4.1 PDO Standards
SP-2047 : Preparation and Content of Engineering Drawings
SP-1279 Chapter C : Specification for Civil & Building Construction – Excavation

and Earth Works
SP-1279Chapter D : Specification for Civil & Building Construction – Concrete

Works
SP-1279Chapter G : Specification for Civil & Building Construction– Structural

Steel Works
SP-1275 : Specification & criteria design of Civil and Building works
SP-1246-2* : Specification for Painting and Coating of Oil & Gas

Production facilities Part-2. New Construction Coating
System. (SP 1246 )
(* Applicable to Steel Work only)
1.4.2 SIEP / Shell GSI Standards
DEP 30.10.60.18 : Welding of Metals
DEP 34.00.01.30 : Minimum Requirements for Structural Design and Engineering
DEP 34.19.20.31 : Reinforced Concrete Foundations and Structures
DEP 34.28.00.31 : Steel Structures
1.4.3 International Standards
BS 4 : Structural Steel Sections
BS 3410 : Metal washers for General Engineering Purposes
Dec 2009 Page 2 GU 629

BS 4027 : Sulphate Resisting Portland Cement
BS 4190 : ISO Metric Black Hexagon Bolts, Screws and Nuts
BS 4320 : Metal Washers for General Engineering Purposes
BS 4449 : Carbon Steel Bars for the Reinforcement of Concrete.
BS 4483 : Steel Fabric for the Reinforcement of Concrete.
BS 7668 : Specification for weldable structural steels – Hot finished

structural hollow sections in weather resistant steel
BS 8004 : Codes of Practice for Foundations
BS 8110 : The Structural Use of Concrete
BS 8666 : Specification for scheduling, dimensioning, bending and

cutting of steel reinforcement for concrete
CP 3, Chapter V Part 2 : Loading. Wind loads
BS EN ISO 3766 : Construction drawings. Simplified representation of concrete

reinforcement
BS EN 197-1 : Cement, Composition, Specifications and Conformity criteria

for common cements
BS EN1011-1 : Recommendation for welding of metallic materials –General

guidance for arc welding
BS EN 1011-2 : Recommendation for welding of metallic materials –Arc

welding of ferric steel
BS EN 1993 : Eurocode 3. Design of steel structures
BS EN 10025 : Hot rolled products of non alloy structural steels- Technical

delivery conditions
BS EN 10029 : Specifications for tolerances on dimensions, shape and mass

for hot rolled steel plates 3mm thick or above
BS EN 10056-1 : Specification for structural steel equal and unequal angles-

Dimensions
BS EN 10067 : Hot rolled bulb flat - Dimensions and tolerances on shape,
dimensions and mass
BS EN 10113 : Hot rolled products in weldable fine grain structural steel (part
1 to 3)
BS EN 10155 : Structural steel with improved atmospheric corrosion
resistance
BS EN 10210 : Hot finished structural hollow sections of non alloy and fine
grained structural steel (part 1 and 2)
BS EN 10219-2 : Cold formed welded structural sections of non alloy and fine
grain steels- Tolerances, dimensions and sectional properties

BS EN 12620 : Aggregates for concrete
Euronorm 19- 72 : Construction Steel for General Purposes
API 5L : Specification of Line Pipe
ASTM A36 : Standard Specification for Structural Steel
ASTM 283 : Specification for Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength

Carbon Steel Plates, Shapes and Bars
BS EN 10210 : Hot finished structural hollow sections of non alloy and fine
grained structural steel (part 2)
1.5 Alternative Materials
The grade of steel specified in this guideline is ‘S275 JR’ as per BS EN 10025 (which is equivalent
to the Grade 43A of superseded BS4360) and API 5L GR B. However, consideration may be given
to the use of alternative grades subject to a design check being carried out by the User of this
document to ascertain the suitability of material. When alternative grades are contemplated, a
proposal shall be submitted to the Company with sufficient time to allow due consideration of the
impact and financial advantage of their usage. Any conflicts between the requirements of this
document and other Specifications, Standards, Codes and recommendations shall be referred back
to the Company for clarification before proceeding with the design of any pipe supports.
Structural steel sections used in this guideline and standard drawing, conforms to Euro Norm
Standard Sections. However suitable equivalent sections conforming to BS EN 10210 and BS EN
10056 can be selected provided the alternate section satisfies material specification.
1.6 Compliance with Standards
Any deviations from this part of Guidelines shall be subject to Company approval and shall be
advised in writing to the Custodian.
In all cases the Company shall determine the adequacy of the design carried out and works
executed by the Contractor in accordance with this Guideline.

2.0 Scope
2.1 General
This document provides Standard Drawings for the most commonly used pipe supports in
Company facilities, together with a User Procedure and Selection Chart.
Selection Charts and Tabulated Permissible Piping Forces are based on standard schedule pipe at
normal operating temperature and pressure, and shall not be used for very low temperature, or high
temperature and high - pressure applications (100°C/ 4000 kPa and above) without a design
calculation.
Structural design of pipe supports used in this standard accounts for wind load and frictional forces
induced by pipes due to variations in temperature as per DEP 34.00.01.30, ‘Minimum
Requirements for Structural Design and Engineering’.
In general the SI Units of measurement shall apply. In addition, the following are used in this
document.
Dimensions in millimetres : mm
Elevations and Coordinates in metres : m
Weight in Kilograms : Kg
Nominal pipe diameter in inches : in
Forces in kilo Newtons : kN
Moments in kilo Newtons metres : kNm
Temperature in degree celcius : oC
Pressure in pounds per square inch : psi
Pressure in Kilo Pascals : kPa
Wind speed, metres per second : m/s
Ground Bearing Capacity in : kN/m2
2.2 Design Criteria
If for any reason the large selection of Standard Pipe Support Drawings in this document does not
accommodate the Users requirements, pipe supports shall then be designed in accordance with the
design criteria set out below, as well as what is mentioned in SP 1275 Specification and Criteria for
Design of Civil and Building Works and DEP 34.00.01.30-Gen “Minimum Requirements for
Structural Design and Engineering. All such designs shall be approved by the Company prior to
issuing any drawings for fabrication or construction works.

2.2.1 Materials
All materials required for Pipe Supports shall comply with the relevant Standards listed in Section
1.4 of this Guideline.
All pipe reinforcing pads, wear plates and the like shall be fabricated from the same material and
schedule as the pipe.
2.2.2 Design
All designs for pipe supports shall be in accordance with the relevant Standards listed in Section 1.4
of this Guideline.
2.2.2.1 Wind Forces
Basic wind speed on structures shall be taken as 26 m/s, with a 3 second gust speed of 44.2 m/s.
2.2.2.2 Ground Bearing Capacity
In general, the Company will conduct soil investigations on all new facilities in accordance with
34.11.00.10 “Site investigations”. Existing Soil Investigation Reports for some locations are
already available in PDO. In cases where soil investigation has not been conducted, the Company
shall specify allowable bearing pressure in the Project Specifications.
2.2.2.3 Foundations
The following shall be incorporated into the design of the foundations:-.
1. Where foundations are to be constructed in locations prone to Chloride / Sulphate attack, or

a combination of both Sulphate and Chloride attack, ASTM type II or OPC shall be
specified. The concrete surface in contact with ground shall be protected with ‘Fosroc
Nitocote PE 135’ or equivalent. For details and selection of protection system for concrete,
refer SP 1275 Specification and criteria for design of Civil & Building works.
2.2.2.4 Guide Clearances
All guide clearances to edge of pipe shall be 2 mm.

2.2.2.5 Support Spacing
Maximum spacing of pipe supports shall be as detailed in Table 1.
Table - 1 Recommended Maximum Spans For Straight Runs of Steel

Pipes (Excluding Fittings)
Nominal Pipe Size Span "A" Span "B"
(Inches) (m) (m)
3/4" 2.5 2.5
1" 3.0 3.0
1 1/2" 3.5 4.0
2" 4.0 4.5
2 1/2" 4.5 5.0
3" 5.5 5.5
4" 6.0 6.5
6" 7.0 8.0
8" 8.5 9.5
10" 9.0 10.5
12" 10.0 11.5
14" 10.0 11.5
16" 10.5 12.5
18" 11.0 13.0
20" 12.0 13.5
24" 14.0 14.5
Note 1: The Spans "A" and "B" are based on using the thinnest and thickest wall section
respectively, for which a mass of pipe and water is given in Table 2 with 50 mm
thick lagging throughout. This ensures that the pipe bending stresses do not exceed
25 N/mm2 due to self-weight only.
Note 2: To determine the loads on a given support the weights of maximum spans of
Schedule 40 pipes are given in Table 2.

2.2.2.6 Loading from Pipe Work
The Selection Charts in Section 2.4 of this Specification are based on the use of water filled
Schedule 40 pipes. For weights of pipe work see Table 2.
Table - 2 Weight Per Metre run of Steel Pipe Filled With Fresh Water and
Insulation (Density 200 kg/m3)
Nominal Weight of
Weight of Pipe and Water (in Kg/m) & Pipe Wall Thickness (in mm)
pipe Size Insulation kg/m
(Inches) 50 mm 25 mm 3.2 4.0 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 16.0 20.0 25.0
¾ 2.4 0.8 2.2 2.5 2.9 3.4
1 2.6 0.9 3.0 3.4 4.0 4.6 5.3
1½ 3.1 1.2 4.9 5.6 6.5 7.5 8.8 10
2 3.5 1.3 6.8 7.7 8.8 10.2 11.9 14 16
3 4.4 1.8 15 17 20 23 27 31 36
4 5.2 2.2 22 25 28 33 38 44 51 58
6 6.9 3.0 40 44 50 56 64 75 86 99
8 8.5 3.8 74 83 93 108 123 142
10 10.1 4.7 104 115 129 147 167 192
12 11.7 5.5 150 166 188 213 243
14 12.7 6.0 174 192 216 244 277
16 14.3 6.8 215 236 264 296 335
18 15.9 7.6 260 283 316 352 397
20 17.5 8.4 310 336 372 413 463
24 20.7 10.0 421 452 496 546 606
Note 1: Where loads are less than maximum (i.e. shorter spans or a combination of pipe
sizes on one support having considered load as being that due to number of pipes x
load of largest pipe) either the support given in the Selection Charts can be used,
giving an increased load bearing capacity, or the support type can be changed to
suit actual loading conditions.
Note 2: Where heavier than Schedule 40 pipes are used, the actual loading shall be
determined and the support type chosen to suit.

2.2.2.7 Bearing Surfaces
The critical case for the design of each support is the slippage of the pipe on the support. The
forces considered are based on steel to steel contact. Therefore on the sleepers it is essential that
the steel bearing plates are cast proud of the concrete by a minimum of 2-3mm.
2.2.2.8 Piping Forces
When tabulated, permissible piping forces are based on maximum support dimensions (H, L, W,
etc) increased load capacity is available at dimensions less than the maximum. The increased
capacity shall be certified by design calculations, which shall be submitted to the Company for
approval. The increased load bearing capacity shall not be determined by interpolation.
2.2.2.9 Valves
Unless their weight has been specifically allowed for in determining the spacing of supports, a
support should be placed at a maximum clear distance of 400 mm either side of the valve.

2.3 User Procedure
START
DETERMINE FROM THE PIPING DRAWINGS

DIMENSIONS AND LOADING TO ESTABLISH
THE TYPE OF SUPPORT THAT IS REQUIRED
ARE ALL YES IS TYPE NO IS TYPE YES REFERENCE TO

PICTORIAL
PIPES ON SUPPORT EITHER SLEEPER EITHER SLIDE, STOP INDEX APPENDIX B, TO
GREATER THAN OR TEE POST ANCHOR, TRUNNION DETERMINE IF A
STANDARD
SCHEDULE 40? SUPPORT? PEDESTAL, DUMMY DRAWING IS
AVAILABLE
SHOE SUPPORT?
YES NO
ARE REFER TO PICTORIAL

SUPPORTS AT INDEX TO DETERMINE
MAXIMUM YES AN ALTERNATIVE
SPACING? TYPE OF SUPPORT
NO
IS
IS IT ARE STANDARD YES
REQUIRED TO ALL PIPES DRAWING
REDUCE SUPPORT ON SUPPORT AVAILABLE?
FOR ACTUAL YES SAME SIZE ? YES
SPAN?
NO NO IS NO
ALTERNATIVE GO TO DOTTED BLOCK
TYPE
AVAILABLE?
DETERMINE ACTUAL NO WILL YES REFER TO

TABULATED
LOAD ON SUPPORT SUPPORT YES PERMISSIBLE
PIPING
AND COMPARE WITH BE CHOSEN FOR FORCES
(SECTION 2.6)
MAX PERMISSIBLE LARGEST TO CHECK IF
SUPPORT
LOADS PIPE? WILL RESIST
IMPOSED
FORCES FROM
PIPE WORK
NO
REFER TO SELECTION
CHART (SECTION 2.5)
TO DETERMINE TYPE
OF SUPPORT REQUIRED
IS TYPE YES REFER TO LIST OF

CAN
COVERED BY STD DRAWINGS TO
TYPE
SELECTION CHART DETERMINE IF
SELECTED
(SECTION2.5)? STANDARD DRAWING
RESIST IMPOSED
IS AVAILABLE
FORCES FROM
(SEE APPENDIX C)
PIPEWORK
NO
IS USER SHALL DESIGN A PIPE IS YES

YES DESIGN NO SUPPORT IN ACCORDANCE NO STANDARD YES
APPROVED? WITH SECTION 2.2 OF THIS DRAWING
SPECIFICATION AVAILABLE
ISSUE FOR ISSUE DESIGN FOR CANCEL DRAWING No. BY ON

PHOTOCOPIES OF STD DRGS
Dec 2009 Page 10 GU 629

CONSTRUCTION APPROVAL BY COMPANY MEANS OF A SINGLE LINE OR SOFT COPIES

ENTER DIMENS-
THROUGH THE NUMBER AND -IONAL DETAILS OF
PIPE SUPP
PROJECT No. REFER SP-2047 ON TABLE PROVIDED
ON
THE STANDARD
DRAWING
END
GU 629 Page 11 Dec 2009

2.4 The Complete Selection of Pipe Supports
The following tables list the type of Pipe Supports that are likely be required in the
design/construction of Oil/Gas Facilities. Most are depicted in the Pictorial Index, which are listed
in Appendix B. The Standard Drawings marked with  are attached to the document, and can be
found in Appendix C. Drawing numbers given in brackets have, as yet, not been prepared / issued.
2.4.1 Supports from Concrete/Foundations
Pipe Support Type Pictorial Index Status of Standard Drawing

Description Number Drawing Drawing Numbers
1 Tee Posts, from concrete foundations

 Type 101 STD-2-3000-001-A4-C Attached STD-2-3101-001-A3-D
 Type 102 STD-2-3000-001-A4-C Attached STD-2-3102-001-A3-C
2 Pedestal Supports, from existing steel structure

Type 111 STD-2-3000-001-A4-C None (STD-2-3111)

 Type 114 STD-2-3000-001-A4-C Attached STD-2-3114-001-A3-A
Type 115 None None (STD-2-3115)
3 Post supports, from concrete foundations

 Type 116 STD-2-3000-002-A4-D Attached STD-2-3116-001-A3-A
Type 117 STD-2-3000-002-A4-D None (STD-2-3117)

 Type 121 STD-2-3000-002-A4-D Attached STD-2-3121-001-A3-C

 Type 126 STD-2-3000-002-A4-D Attached STD-2-3126-001-A3-B
Dec 2009 Page 12 GU 629

2.4.1 Supports from Concrete/Foundations (contd.)

Description Number Drawing Drawing Number
4 Concrete Sleeper
 Type 201 STD-2-3001-001-A4-D Attached STD-2-3201-001-A3-D
 Type 201 Bar Bending Schedule Attached STD-2-3201-002-A3-D
 Type 202 STD-2-3001-001-A4-D Attached STD-2-3202-001-A3-D
 Type 203 STD-2-3001-001-A4-D Attached STD-2-3203-001-A3-E
 Type 205 Bar Bending Schedule Attached STD-2-3205-002-A3-E
5 Concrete Guide Sleeper

 Type 301 STD-2-3002-001-A4-C Attached STD-2-3301-001-A3-E
6 Concrete Anchor Sleeper

 Type 306 Bar Bending Schedule Attached STD-2-3306-002-A3-B
GU 629 Page 13 Dec 2009

2.4.2 Supports from Steel Work etc.

1 Tee Posts and Brackets, Structural Steel

 Type 401 STD-2-3003-001-A4-B Attached STD-2-3401-001-A3-C
Type 402 STD-2-3003-001-A4-B None (STD-2-3402)

2 Miscellaneous Supports from Pipe

3 Relief Valve Support

4 Pipe Shoes / Saddles and Wear Plate Details



 Type 423 STD-2-3003-002-A4-C Attached STD-2-3423-001-A3-O
Dec 2009 Page 14 GU 629

2.4.2 Supports from Steel Work etc. (contd.)

5 Pedestal Supports, from Structural Steel

6 Pipe Hangers
7 Trunnion Supports
 Type 441-A STD-2-3003-003-A4-C Attached STD-2-3441-001-A3-C
 Type 441-B STD-2-3003-003-A4-C Attached STD-2-3441-001-A3-C
 Type 441-C STD-2-3003-003-A4-C Attached STD-2-3441-001-A3-C
 Type 441-D STD-2-3003-003-A4-C Attached STD-2-3441-001-A3-C
Type 442-A STD-2-3003-003-A4-C None (STD-2-3442)
Type 442-B STD-2-3003-003-A4-C None (STD-2-3442)
Type 442-C STD-2-3003-003-A4-C None (STD-2-3442)
Type 442-D STD-2-3003-003-A4-C None (STD-2-3442)
GU 629 Page 15 Dec 2009


8 Dummy Supports
 Type 443-C STD-2-3003-003-A4-C Attached STD-2-3443-001-A3-C
 Type 443-D STD-2-3003-003-A4-C Attached STD-2-3443-001-A3-C
 Type 443-E STD-2-3003-003-A4-C Attached STD-2-3443-001-A3-C
 Type 443-F STD-2-3003-003-A4-C Attached STD-2-3443-001-A3-C
9 Trapeze Hangers
10 Supports, from Vessels

Type 501 STD-2-3004-001-A4-A None (STD-2-3501)
11 Pipe Stop, (not on Concrete Sleepers)

12 Pipe Guides

 Type 612 STD-2-3005-001-A4-C Attached STD-2-3612-001-A3-A
Dec 2009 Page 16 GU 629


13 Special Pipe Stop

14 Pedestal Anchors, (from Concrete or Steel)

15 Anchors from Steel

16 Anchors from Concrete

17 Axial Stop with Pipe Clamp

 Type 704 STD-2-3006-001-A4-C Attached STD-2-3704-001-A3-B
GU 629 Page 17 Dec 2009

2.4.3 Ancillary Supports

1 Eye Rods/Clevis/etc.
 Type 801 STD-2-3007-001-A4-A Attached STD-2-3801-001-A4-B

 Type 810 STD-2-3007-001-A4-A Attached STD-2-3810-001-A3-C
2 Pipe Clamps and “U” Bolts, etc.

 Type 812 STD-2-3007-001-A4-A Attached STD-2-3812-001-A3-D

3 Sliding Plates, etc.


Dec 2009 Page 18 GU 629

2.4.3 Ancillary Supports (Contd.)

4 Saddle Guides and Anchors

2.4.4 Standard Foundations

1 Standard Foundations
 Type 903 STD-2-3008-001-A4-C Attached STD-2-3903-001-A3-F
 Type 903 Bar Bending Schedule Attached STD-2-3903-002-A3-F
2 Foundation Bolts
GU 629 Page 19 Dec 2009

2.5 Sleeper & Tee Post Selection Charts
The following Selection Charts list the types and sizes of sleepers and Tee post supports required
for various sizes, number and elevations of pipes. The selection Charts are based on the use of
Schedule 40 pipes at maximum span. Loading checks shall be performed for any variations to the
above.
Pipe No. of Max. Support Foun- Pipe No of Max. Support Foun-

Size Pipes BOP Type dation Size Pipes B.O.P Type dation
(inches) El. m. Type (inches) El. m. Type
2" 1 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203 3" 1 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203

1.2 101 101 0.8 101 101
3.4 102 901 2.0 102 901
4.0 103 902 2.3 103 902
5.0 104 903 4.0 103 903
4.5 104 903
2 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203 5.0 104 904
0.6 101 101
1.2 102 901 2 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203
2.0 103 902 0.6 101 101
3.0 103 903 1.0 102 901
4.0 103 904 2.0 103 903
5.0 104 904 4.0 103 904
5.0 104 904
3 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203
0.6 101 101 3 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203
1.1 102 901 1.0 102 901
1.3 103 902 2.0 103 903
2.5 103 903 3.7 103 904
4.0 103 904 5.0 104 905
5.0 104 904
4 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203
4 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203 0.75 Sleeper 203
0.75 Sleeper 203 1.1 102 901
1.1 102 901 2.2 103 903
1.5 103 902 4.0 103 904
2.7 103 903 5.0 104 905
4.0 103 904
5.0 104 904 5 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203
0.75 Sleeper 203
5 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203 2.3 103 903
0.75 Sleeper 203 3.7 103 904
1.3 102 901 4.2 104 904
2.8 103 903 5.0 105 905
4.0 103 904
5.0 104 904 6 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203
0.75 Sleeper 203
6 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203 1.8 103 903
0.75 Sleeper 203 3.0 103 904
3.0 103 903 4.3 104 905
4.0 103 904 5.0 105 905
5.0 104 904
Dec 2009 Page 20 GU 629

2.5 Sleeper & Tee Post Selection Charts (contd.)
Pipe No. of Max. Support Foun- Pipe No. of Max. Support Foun-
Size Pipes BOP Type dation Size Pipes BOP Type dation
4" 1 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203 6" 1 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203

0.8 101 101 1.5 102 901
1.6 102 901 2.8 103 903
3.4 103 903 4.0 103 904
4.1 103 904 5.0 104 905
5.0 104 904
2 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203
2 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203 1.8 103 903
1.0 103 902 3.0 103 904
1.6 103 903 3.6 104 905
2.7 103 903 4.3 105 905
4.0 103 904 5.0 106 906
5.0 104 905
3 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203
3 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203 0.6 Sleeper 203
0.75 Sleeper 203 1.8 103 904
2.2 103 903 2.4 104 904
3.0 103 904 3.0 104 905
4.2 104 905 3.6 105 905
5.0 105 905 4.4 105 906
5.0 106 906
4 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203
0.75 Sleeper 203 4 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203
1.6 103 903 0.6 Sleeper 203
2.8 103 904 2.0 104 904
3.8 104 905 2.6 105 905
4.5 105 905 3.7 105 905
5.0 106 906 4.3 106 906
5.0 107 907
5 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203
0.75 Sleeper 203 5 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203
2.4 103 904 0.6 Sleeper 203
3.0 104 905 1.2 104 904
3.7 105 905 1.6 104 905
4.5 106 906 3.2 105 906
5.0 107 907 3.8 106 906
4.2 107 907
6 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203 5.0 108 907
0.75 Sleeper 203
1.7 103 904 6 0.3 Sleeper 201/202/203
2.0 104 904 0.6 Sleeper 203
2.7 104 905 2.0 105 905
3.6 105 906 2.6 106 906
4.2 106 906 3.4 107 907
5.0 107 907 4.0 108 907
GU 629 Page 21 Dec 2009

8" 1 0.6 Sleeper 204 10" 1 0.6 Sleeper 204

0.8 102 901 1.0 103 903
1.8 103 903 1.6 103 904
2.8 103 904 2.4 104 904
3.9 104 905 3.3 105 905
4.5 105 905 4.1 106 906
5.0 106 906 4.5 107 907
5.0 108 907
2 0.6 Sleeper 204 2 0.6 Sleeper 204

1.7 104 904 1.5 105 905
2.3 104 905 2.7 106 906
2.9 105 905 3.5 107 907
3.7 106 906 4.0 108 907
4.4 107 907 4.5 109 908
5.0 108 907

0.9 105 904 0.9 106 905
2.3 105 905 1.7 106 906
2.8 106 906 2.4 107 907
3.5 107 907 3.0 108 907
4.2 108 907 3.5 109 908
5.0 109 908

1.0 124 904 1.0 125 904
1.5 125 904 1.5 125 905
2.0 125 905 2.0 126 905
3.0 127 905 3.0 128 907

1.0 125 904 1.0 126 905
1.5 125 905 1.5 126 906
2.0 126 906 2.0 127 906
3.0 127 906 3.0 128 907

1.0 125 905 1.0 126 905
1.5 125 905 1.5 126 906
2.0 126 906 2.0 128 907
3.0 128 907 3.0 129 907
Dec 2009 Page 22 GU 629

12" 1 0.6 Sleeper 204 14" 3 0.6 Sleeper 204

1.5 105 904 0.9 107 907
2.4 105 905 1.2 108 907
3.0 106 906 2.0 109 908
4.0 107 907
5.0 108 907 4 to 6 0.6 Sleeper 204
2 0.6 Sleeper 204 16" 1 0.6 Sleeper 204

0.9 106 905 1.2 106 905
1.5 106 906 2.0 106 906
2.3 107 907 2.8 107 907
3.0 108 907 3.5 108 907
3.8 109 908 4.0 109 908

1.4 107 907 1.5 108 907
1.9 108 907 2.4 109 908
2.5 109 908
3 to 6 0.6 Sleeper 204
4 0.6 Sleeper 204

1.0 126 905 18" 1 0.6 Sleeper 205
1.5 126 906 1.2 106 905
2.0 127 906 1.8 107 907
3.0 128 907 2.5 108 907
3.4 109 908
5&6 0.6 Sleeper 204
1.0 127 906 2 0.6 Sleeper 205
1.5 127 906 1.0 108 907
2.0 129 907 1.8 109 908
3.0 129 907
3 to 6 0.6 Sleeper 204
14" 1 0.6 Sleeper 204

1.0 105 904 20" 1 0.6 Sleeper 205
1.5 105 905 1.0 106 905
2.0 106 905 1.5 107 907
2.7 106 906 2.0 108 907
3.8 107 907 2.7 109 908
4.2 108 907
4.8 109 908 2 to 6 0.6 Sleeper 205
2 0.6 Sleeper 204

1.1 106 906
1.8 107 907 24" 1 to 6 0.6 Sleeper 205
2.4 108 907
3.3 109 908
GU 629 Page 23 Dec 2009

2.6 Permissible Piping Forces
The following tables shall be used as a design check to ensure that the selected type of Standard
Pipe support will resist the pipe forces imposed on it.
FV
FV = Allowable Vertical Force
FA= Allowable Axial Force
FT= Allowable Transverse Force
FA All forces are in kN

FT All Forces based on STD. SCH. Pipe
2.6.1 Permissible Piping Forces for ‘Pipe shoes’ Type 416
Pipe Size FV Pipe Size FV
2 6 12 20
3 6 14 20
4 6 16 33
6 8 18 33
8 8 20 40
10 20 24 60
Note: 1. All Forces (FV) are in kN and Pipe Sizes are in inches.
2.6.2 Permissible Piping Forces for ‘Pedestal Support’ Type 426
Pipe Size FV Pipe Size FV
2 3.5 12 35
3 3.5 14 32
4 12 16 66
6 10 18 58
8 44 20 62
10 40 24 53
Note: 1. The above is for Pedestal Supports Type A and B (Refer STD-2-3426-A3)
2. All Forces (FV) are in kN and Pipe Sizes are in inches.
Dec 2009 Page 24 GU 629

2.6.3 Permissible Piping Forces for ‘Trunnion Support’ Type 441
Pipe Size TYPE A TYPE B TYPE C TYPE D

FA FA FA FA
2 1.2 5.0 0.6 2.5
3 1.2 4.6 0.6 2.3
4 3.2 13.2 1.6 6.8
6 7.0 25 3.5 12.5
8 14 52 7.0 26
10 26 90 13 45
12 32 112 16 56
14 42 146 21 73
16 46 160 23 80
18 58 200 29 100
20 72 210 36 105
24 80 220 40 110
Note: 1. For ‘Trunnion Supports’ FA is Vertical Pipe Force in kN and Pipe sizes
are in inches.
2.6.4 Permissible Piping Forces for ‘Dummy Support’ Type 443
Pipe Size TYPE A TYPE B TYPE C TYPE D TYPE E

FV FV FV FV FV
2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2
3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3
4 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.7
6 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.4
8 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 3.0
10 10 10 10 10 7.0
12 15 15 15 15 10
14 20 20 20 20 13
16 23 23 23 23 15
18 28 28 28 28 18
20 34 34 34 34 22
24 38 38 38 38 25
Note: 1. Forces FV are based on STD. SCH Pipe and Dummies with a Max
Dummy Length (LMAX).
2. Pipe sizes are in inches and Forces FV are in kN.
GU 629 Page 25 Dec 2009

2.6.5 Permissible Piping Forces for ‘Pipe Stop’ Type 602
Pipe Size FA Pipe Size FA
2 20 12 28
3 20 14 28
4 20 16 34
6 20 18 34
8 20 20 34
10 28 24 34
Note: 1. All forces are in kN and Pipe Sizes are in inches.
2.6.6 Permissible Piping Forces for ‘Pipe Guide’ Type 604
Pipe Size FT Pipe Size FT
2 7 12 17
3 5 14 16
4 4 16 14
6 4 18 40
8 26 20 40
10 21 24 40
Note: 1. All forces are in kN and Pipe Sizes are in inches.
2.6.7 Permissible Piping Forces for ‘Pedestal Anchor’ Type 701
Pipe Size TYPE A & AA TYPE B & BB

FV FA FV FA
2 2.0 0.3 2.0 0.3
3 3.6 0.4 3.6 0.5
4 7.0 0.9 7.0 1.2
6 11 1.5 11 1.9
8 24 3.5 24 4.8
10 41 6.0 41 9.0
12 61 9.0 61 15
14 79 12 79 21
16 65 10 65 19
18 56 10 56 19
20 80 13 80 28
24 64 11 64 7.0
Note: 1. All forces (FV & FA) are in kN and Pipe Sizes are in inches.
Dec 2009 Page 26 GU 629

2.6.8 Permissible Piping Forces for ‘Anchors’ Type 702
2 20 12 30
3 20 14 30
4 20 16 30
6 20 18 30
8 20 20 40
10 30 24 40
Note: 1. All forces FA are in kN and Pipe Sizes are in inches.
2.6.9 Permissible Piping Forces for ‘Anchors’ Type 703
2 20 12 30
3 20 14 30
4 20 16 30
6 20 18 30
8 20 20 40
10 30 24 40
Note: 1. All forces FA are in kN and Pipe Sizes are in inches.
2.7 Inspection Test Plan (ITP)
The Contractor shall submit an Inspection Test Plan (ITP) for all tests to be performed. The ITP
shall cover as a minimum of the following Inspection and Testing of Materials and Construction
Works.
- Earth Works (refer SP 1279 Chapter C)
- Concrete Works (refer SP1279 Chapter D)
- Structural Steel Works (refer SP 1279 Chapter G)
Additional Testing requirements shall be advised by the Company Site Representative whenever
is required.
GU 629 Page 27 Dec 2009

Appendices
Appendix A: Glossary of Definitions & Abbreviations
Appendix B: Pictorial Index of Various Pipe Supports
Appendix C: Pipe Supports Standard Drawings
Appendix D: GU User-Comment Form
Dec 2009 Page 28 GU 629

Appendix A: Glossary of Definitions & Abbreviations
A.1 General
For the purposes of this document, the following definitions shall apply.
Shall : The word ‘shall’ indicates a requirement
Should : The word ‘should’ indicates a recommendation
the Company : Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C.,
the Contractor : The party with which the Company has entered into a
Contract
Manufacturer : A party responsible for the manufacture of equipment and

services to perform the duties specified by the Consultant or
the Company
Vendor / : A party responsible for the supply of equipment, materials

Supplier or product related services in accordance with the purchase
order issued by PDO or it’s nominated purchasing office
the User : The Company, and/or Consultant, designate using this

document
Workshop : A defined place, approved by the Company, where the

Contractor executes fabrication works
A.2 Abbreviations
The following abbreviations have been used in this Engineering Guideline.
API : American Petroleum Institute

ASTM : American Society for Testing and Materials
BS : British Standards Institute
BOP : Bottom of Pipe
C : Channel Profile Section of Euronorm Standards
C/C : Centres
CFDH : Corporate Functional Discipline Head
CFW : Continuous Fillet Weld
CONC : Concrete
CP : Code of Practice
CHS : Circular Hollow Sections
CS : Carbon Steel
DEP : Design and Engineering Practice (SIPM)
DIA or Ø : Diameter
DIM : Dimension
EB : Earthing Boss
GU 629 Page 29 Dec 2009

ELEV and Elev : Elevation

SP : Specifications (PDO)
EXPD : Expanding
FW : Fillet Weld
GR : Grade
H : Height
HE : H-Profile Column Section to Euro norm Standards
IAW : In accordance with
IPE : I-Profile Beam Section to Euro norm Standards
ISO : International Standards Organisation
JIS : Japanese International Section
L : Length
MAX : Maximum
MESC Materials and Equipment, Standards and Codes
MIN : Minimum
MS : Mild Steel
MTO : Material Take Off
NOM : Nominal
OPC : Ordinary Portland Cement
PDO : Petroleum Development Oman
PS : Pipe Support
QTY : Quantity
REIN'F : Reinforcement
RSA : Rolled Steel Angle
RSC : Rolled Steel Channel
SAP : Systems Applications & Products in data processing
SCH : Schedule
Shell GSI : Shell Global Solution International B.V.
SIEP : Shell International Exploration and Production B.V.
STD : Standards
THK : Thickness
TOC : Top of Concrete
TOS : Top of Steel
W : Width
Dec 2009 Page 30 GU 629

Appendix B: Pictorial Index of Various Pipe Supports
The following 13 pages provide a quick pictorial reference guide to the various types of Standard
Pipe Supports that are available. However, it should be fully understood that not all the types of
Pipe Supports shown in the Pictorial Index have been detailed in Appendix C.
Srl. Pictorial Index Drawing Title Drawing Number

No.
1 Supports from Foundations (Types 101 to 115 incl.) STD-2-3000-001-A4-C
2 Supports from Foundations (Types 116 to 129 incl.) STD-2-3000-002-A4-D
3 Sleepers (Types 201 to 205 incl.) STD-2-3001-001-A4-D
4 Sleepers Guides and Stops (Types 301 to 311 incl.) STD-2-3002-001-A4-C
5 Supports (Types 401 to 420 incl.) STD-2-3003-001-A4-B
6 Supports (Types 421 to 440 incl.) STD-2-3003-002-A4-C
7 Supports (Types 441 to 445 incl.) STD-2-3003-003-A4-C
8 Supports from Vessels (Types 501 to 506 incl.) STD-2-3004-001-A4-A
9 Pipe Stops and Guides (Types 601 to 613 incl.) STD-2-3005-001-A4-C
10 Anchors (Types 701 to 704 incl.) STD-2-3006-001-A4-C
11 Ancillary Support Items (Types 801 to 820 incl.) STD-2-3007-001-A4-A
12 Ancillary Support Items (Types 821 to 832 incl.) STD-2-3007-002-A4-A
13 Standard Foundations (Types 901 to 908 incl.) STD-2-3008-001-A4-C
14 Foundation Bolts (Type 950) STD-2-3008-001-A3-C
Note: For the Foundation Bolts (Type 950), always ensure that you are using the latest issue of
the 'Standard Foundation Bolts’ detail drawing STD-2-3950-A3, which has given in Appendix-C.
GU 629 Page 31 Dec 2009

Appendix C: Pipe Supports Standard Drawings
From here on are all the existing Standard Pipe Support Drawing available at this time. As
required, other standard drawings will be added
Section Detail Drawing Numbers
C.1 : Drawings STD-2-3101-001-A3 through to STD-2-3129-001-A3
C.9 : Drawing STD-2-3950-001-A3 Standard Foundation Bolts
Dec 2009 Page 32 GU 629

C.1 Drawings STD-2-3101-001-A3 through to STD-2-3129-001-A3
Pipe Supports From Foundations

Type 101 to 129
GU 629 Page 33 Dec 2009

Sleeper Details
Type 201 to 205
Dec 2009 Page 34 GU 629

Concrete Guides & Anchors

Type 301 to 311
GU 629 Page 35 Dec 2009

Tee Posts, Brackets, Shoes, Saddles etc.,

Type 401 to 445
Dec 2009 Page 36 GU 629

Pipe Stops & Guides

Type 602 to 612
GU 629 Page 37 Dec 2009

Anchors & Axial Stops

Type 701 to 704
Dec 2009 Page 38 GU 629

Ancillary Supports
Type 801 to 832
GU 629 Page 39 Dec 2009

Standard Foundations
Type 901 to 908
Dec 2009 Page 40 GU 629

C.9 Drawing STD-2-3950-001-A3 Standard Foundation Bolts
Standard Foundation Bolts

Type 950
GU 629 Page 41 Dec 2009

Appendix D: GU User - Comment Form
GU User-Comment Form
If you find something that is incorrect, ambiguous or could be better in a GU, write your comments
and suggestions on this form. Send the form to the Document Control Section (DCS). They make a
record of your comment and send the form to the correct CFDH. The form has spaces for your
personal details. This lets DCS or the CFDH ask you about your comments and tell you about the
decision.
GU Details Title Issue Date:
Number:
Page number: Heading Number: Figure Number:
Comments:
Suggestions:
User’s personal details
Name: Ref. Ind: Signature: Date:
Phone:
Document Control Section Actions
Comment Number: Dates CFDH
Recd: To CFDH: Ref. Ind:
CFDH Actions
Recd Date: Decision: Initls: Ref. Ind: Date:
Reject:
Accept, revise at next issue:
Accept, issue temporary amendment
Comments:
Originator Date: Initls: Document Control Date: Initls:

Advised: Section Advised:
Dec 2009 Page 42 GU 629

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UNRESTRICTED Document ID: GU 629

Application & Selection of Standard Pipe Supports

Authorised For Issue Dec 2009

Version Date Author Scope / Remarks

GU 629 Page i Dec 2009

2.0 Scope ......................................................................................................................................5

Dec 2009 Page ii GU 629

C.8 Drawings STD-2-3901-001-A3 through to STD-2-3908-002-A3 ...................... 40

GU 629 Page iii Dec 2009

This guideline is intended to:

- Disseminate and record facilities related information, experience and procedures.

1.2 User Guidelines

- This document is converted to form a guideline for selection of pipe supports

- Applicable Standards, Specifications and Codes are revised

- Bar bending schedule drawings revised as per BS8666-2005

GU 629 Page 1 Dec 2009

1.3 Changes to the Guideline

1.4 Applicable Standards, Specifications and Codes

1.4.1 PDO Standards

SP-2047 : Preparation and Content of Engineering Drawings

SP-1279 Chapter C : Specification for Civil & Building Construction – Excavation

SP-1279Chapter D : Specification for Civil & Building Construction – Concrete

SP-1279Chapter G : Specification for Civil & Building Construction– Structural

SP-1275 : Specification & criteria design of Civil and Building works

SP-1246-2* : Specification for Painting and Coating of Oil & Gas

(* Applicable to Steel Work only)

1.4.2 SIEP / Shell GSI Standards

DEP 30.10.60.18 : Welding of Metals

DEP 34.00.01.30 : Minimum Requirements for Structural Design and Engineering

DEP 34.19.20.31 : Reinforced Concrete Foundations and Structures

DEP 34.28.00.31 : Steel Structures

1.4.3 International Standards

BS 4 : Structural Steel Sections

BS 3410 : Metal washers for General Engineering Purposes

Dec 2009 Page 2 GU 629

BS 4027 : Sulphate Resisting Portland Cement

BS 4190 : ISO Metric Black Hexagon Bolts, Screws and Nuts

BS 4320 : Metal Washers for General Engineering Purposes

BS 4449 : Carbon Steel Bars for the Reinforcement of Concrete.

BS 4483 : Steel Fabric for the Reinforcement of Concrete.

BS 7668 : Specification for weldable structural steels – Hot finished

BS 8004 : Codes of Practice for Foundations

BS 8110 : The Structural Use of Concrete

BS 8666 : Specification for scheduling, dimensioning, bending and

CP 3, Chapter V Part 2 : Loading. Wind loads

BS EN ISO 3766 : Construction drawings. Simplified representation of concrete

BS EN 197-1 : Cement, Composition, Specifications and Conformity criteria

BS EN1011-1 : Recommendation for welding of metallic materials –General

BS EN 1011-2 : Recommendation for welding of metallic materials –Arc

BS EN 1993 : Eurocode 3. Design of steel structures

BS EN 10025 : Hot rolled products of non alloy structural steels- Technical

BS EN 10029 : Specifications for tolerances on dimensions, shape and mass

BS EN 10056-1 : Specification for structural steel equal and unequal angles-

GU 629 Page 3 Dec 2009

BS EN 12620 : Aggregates for concrete

Euronorm 19- 72 : Construction Steel for General Purposes

API 5L : Specification of Line Pipe

ASTM A36 : Standard Specification for Structural Steel

ASTM 283 : Specification for Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength

1.5 Alternative Materials

1.6 Compliance with Standards

Dec 2009 Page 4 GU 629