BTAI2201 Irrigation Engineering

Subject Name Course Type Credits T-P Pre -

requisites

Irrigation Both 3 2-1 NIL

Engineering

Course Objectives:

To make students understand the basic theoretical aspects and implementation of following
topics in the real world situations.

 To make students understand the basic theoretical aspects and implementation of

following topics in the real world situations.
 What are the basic requirements of irrigation and how can they be managed
 To take up the basic concepts of irrigation and construction of various hydraulic
structures.
 What are irrigation schemes and how are they classified
 To introduce students to basic concepts of water, plants, their interactions, as well as
irrigation systems design.
 How can water be managed for irrigation

Learning Outcomes:
On the completion of the course one should be able to understand
 Concepts of irrigation and different hydraulic structures.
 How to estimate the quantity of water required by crops.
 Be able to plan and design irrigation projects.
 Design channels and other irrigation structures required for irrigation and other water-
management projects.

Methods % of mark
Three internal 20
Assignments and attendance 10
Internal practical exam 20
External practical exam 20
External Theory Exam 30
Total 100
MODULE – I (3 hours)

(a) Introduction, purpose of irrigation, Advantages and disadvantages of irrigation,

environmental impact of irrigation projects,
(b) Source of irrigation water, present status of development and utilization of different water
resources of the country.
(c) Major and medium irrigation schemes of India.

MODULE – II (6 hours)

(d) Measurement of irrigation water: weir, flumes and orifices and other methods
(e) Open channel water conveyance system: design and lining of irrigation field channels, on
farm structures for water conveyance, control & distribution; underground pipe conveyance
system: components and design.
(f) Land grading: criteria for land levelling, land levelling design methods, estimation of earth
work.

MODULE – III (7 hours)

(e) soil water plant relationship: soil properties influencing irrigation management, soil water
movement, infiltration, soil water potential, soil moisture characteristics, soil moisture
constants, measurement of soil moisture, moisture stress and plant response.
(f) Water requirement of crops: concept of evapotranspiration (ET), measurement and
estimation of ET, water and irrigation requirement of crops, depth of irrigation, frequency of
irrigation, irrigation efficiencies.
(g) Surface methods of water application: border, check basin and furrow irrigation-
adaptability, specification and design considerations.

Pedagogy

Module Topic Pedagogy Instructional Hrs

I a) Introduction to irrigation CRT 2

b) irrigation schemes 1

c) source of irrigation water 1

Subtotal (4) 4

II a) Measurement of irrigation water CRT 2

b) Conveyance of Irrigation Water 4

c) land grading 3
 Subtotal (9) 9

III a) Soil water plant relationship CRT 5

b) Water requirements of crops 3

c) Irrigation methods 5

Subtotal (13) 13

Total 26

LESSON PLAN

S. Date, Portion
No day Book

1 6/12/18, Introduction, purpose of irrigation Advantages and Land and water

disadvantages of irrigation, environmental impact of management
irrigation projects V.V.N. Murty

2 13/12/18, Source of irrigation water, present status of Land and water

development and utilization of different water management
resources of the country V.V.N. Murty

3 15/12/18, Major and medium irrigation schemes of India. Land and water
management
V.V.N. Murty

4 17/12/18, Measurement of irrigation water: weir, flumes and Land and water
orifices and other methods management
V.V.N. Murty

5 19/12/18, Open channel water conveyance system Land and water

Monday management
V.V.N. Murty

6 22/12/18 Design and lining of irrigation field channels, on farm

structures for water conveyance, control &
 distribution
7 26/12/18 Underground pipe conveyance system: components Land and water
and design. management
V.V.N. Murty

29/12/18 Land grading: criteria for land levelling Land and water
management
V.V.N. Murty

8 2/01/19 Land levelling design methods, estimation of earth Land and water
work management
V.V.N. Murty

9 5/01/19 soil water plant relationship: soil properties Land and water
influencing irrigation management management
V.V.N. Murty

10 9/01/19 soil water movement, infiltration, soil water potential, Land and water
soil moisture characteristics, soil moisture constants, management
measurement of soil moisture, moisture stress and V.V.N. Murty
plant response.
11 12/01/19 Water requirement of crops: concept of Land and water
evapotranspiration (ET) management
V.V.N. Murty

12 16/01/19 Measurement and estimation of ET, water and Land and water
irrigation requirement of crops, depth of irrigation, management
frequency of irrigation, irrigation efficiencies. V.V.N. Murty

13 19/01/19 Surface methods of water application Land and water

management
V.V.N. Murty

14 30/01/19 Border, check basin and furrow irrigation- Land and water
adaptability, specification and design considerations. management
V.V.N. Murty

15 6/02/19 Problem practice Land and water

 management
V.V.N. Murty

PRACTICAL:

S. No Date, day Portion

1 14/12/18 Measurement of soil moisture by different soil moisture measuring

instruments

2 18/12/18 Measurement of irrigation water

3 1/01/19 Measurement of infiltration characteristics

4 8/01/19 Determination of bulk density, field capacity and wilting point

5 15/1/18 Estimation of evapotranspiration

6 29/01/19 land grading methods; design of underground pipeline system

6 5/02/19 Estimation of irrigation efficiency

7 12/02/19 Study of advance, recession and computation of infiltration

opportunity time;

8 19/02/19 Infiltration by inflow-outflow method

9 26/02/19 Evaluation of border irrigation method

10 5/03/19 Evaluation of furrow irrigation method

11 12/03/19 Evaluation of check basin irrigation method.

 Question Bank

1. Define Irrigation.

2. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of irrigation.

3. Discuss the various purpose of irrigation.

4. List out the different sources of irrigation water.

5. Briefly discuss the sources of irrigation water.

6. Discuss Present status, development and utilization of water resources in

India.
7. Discuss the Indian irrigation development.

8. Discuss about irrigation potential created and utilized.

9. What are the causes for gap in potential created and utilized? Discuss in
detail.
10.What is meant by irrigation project?

11.Discuss the classification of irrigation project based on

a. CCA

b. Way of water application

12.Major irrigation project having CCA..............

13.Medium irrigation project having CCA..............

14.Minor irrigation project having CCA...............

15. List out the major irrigation projects in India.

16. What are the different units of water measurements

17. List out the different methods of water measurements in open channels

18/Discuss area-velocity method of water measurement.

19 What is a current meter? Discuss its working.

Data pertaining to a stream-gauging operation at a gauging site are given

below. The rating equation of the current meter is v = 0.66N s + 0.075m/s.
where Ns = revolutions per second. Calculate the discharge in the stream.

Distance from the left water 0 5.2 8.2 11.2 14.2 17.2 20.2 24.2
edge (m)
Depth (m) 0 1.85 3.45 4.65 3.75 2.65 1.55 0
Revolutions of a current meter 0 42 55 93 87 48 28 0
kept at 0.6 depth
Duration of observation (s) 0 120 120 125 135 110 100 0

20. A 15g/l solution of a tracer was discharged into a stream at a constant

rate of 17 cm3 /s. The background concentration of the dye in the stream
water was found to be 3 parts per billion. At a downstream location
sufficiently far away, the dye was found to reach an equilibrium
concentration 8 parts per billion. Estimate the stream discharge.

Suggested Reading

Michael A.M. 2012. Irrigation: Theory and Practice. Vikas Publishing House New Delhi.

Majumdar D. K. 2013. Irrigation Water Management Principles. PHI learning Private

Limited New Delhi 2nd Edition.
Allen R. G., L. S. Pereira, D. Raes, M. Smith. 1998. Crop Evapotranspiration guidelines for
computing crop water requirement. Irrigation and drainage Paper 56, FAO of United Nations,
Rome.

Murthy VVN. 2013. Land and Water Management Engineering. Kalyani Publishers, New
Delhi.

Israelsen O W. and Hansen V. E and Stringham G. E. 1980. Irrigation Principles and

Practice, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. USA.