Co-morbidity - Charlson Index, ICED- index of co-existing disease (looks at both disease

severity and functional severity), adverse events – pain, bleeding, readmission,

complications (e.g. using Clavien-Dindo Classification of Surgical Complications).
It is always best to use an existing measure which has been tried and tested rather than
inventing a new one. Use an existing standardised measure with proven reliability, validity
and responsiveness. Criteria which should be applied when evaluating measures include: