cases when multiplying two number

Both number are lower, both higher, one is higher and second is lower, multiply
using other base, number of which last 2or 3 or 4 digit added up give
100,1000,10000 and multiply whose first figure are the same and whose last figures
add up to 10,100, etc.

Deviation, the difference between base and orignal number, it can be either
positive or negative.

Multiply with base of 10.

9 * 8
First caluculate deviation from base, 9-10=-1 and 8-10=-2
Number deviation
9 -1 Now the number have right term and left term,
for the right term Multiply deviation ,(-1*-2=2)
8 -2 so right term is 2
---------------
| 2 ==> right term

To calculate left term,

There are four method,

Cross-subtract in the converse way (i.e. 1 from 8). And you get 7 as the left-
hand side portion of the required answer.
8-1=7
Cross-subtract Deviation (2) on the second row from the original number (9) in
the first row. And you find that you have got (9-2) i.e. 7 again.
Subtract the sum of the two Deviations (1+2=3) from the base (10). You get the
same answer (7) again ; (10-1-2)=7
Subtract the base 10 from the sum of the given numbers (9 and 7 i.e. 17). And
put (17-10) i.e. 7, as the left-hand part of the answer ;

Hence, 9x8=72
This was easy one and you might also know the answer before start of this example.
This method holds good in all cases and is, therefore, capable of infinite
application.

Now, time to explain How Nikhilam Sutra Works?

This proves the correctness of the formula. The algebraically explanation for this
is very simple :-
(x-a) (x-b) = x (x-a-b)+ab. Where , x is the Base, and a,b are the Deviations
respectively. See Proved, below
9 x 8
=(10-1)(10-2)
=10(10-1-2)+(-1)x(-2)
=10(7)+2
=70+2
=72

Let's try to multiply 7 and 6

deviation
7 -3
6 -4

Right term = -3*-4 =12

7 -3
6 -4
---------
| 2 ===> take the carry 1, becuase number should need to be less then 10.

Now left term ====> 7-4=3, add carry if present,in this it is one =====> 3+1=4

therefore,left answer =4
answer is 42.

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Base 100 multiplication.

deviation
87 -13
97 -3
-------------
| 39

left term 87-3=84

the answer is 8439

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Multiply by base 1000.
deviation
718 282
998 2
----------
716 | 564

Answer=716564

Problem==> How to multiply 463 and 347

Deviation is 537 and 653 ======> can't multiply in head....If we
have to multiply again by using 1000 base trick then it might be hard to remember
those number.....so this is the limitation.

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