To Interface Intercom system with (GSM)

V-phone

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

IQRA NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, PESHAWAR
Session 2013-17
Supervised By
Miss Saleha Durrani

Submitted By

M.Bilal khan 5592

Imad khan 5746
Faheem khan 5815
 Undertaking

We certify that project work titled “To Interface Intercom system with V-phone” is our own

work. No portion of the work presented in this project has been submitted in support of another

award or qualification either at this institution or elsewhere. Where material has been used from

other sources it has been properly acknowledged. No portion of this presented in this report has

been submitted in support of an application for another degree or qualification of this or any

other university or institution learning. If any part of this work proved to be copied or found to

be report of some other, I/we will stand by the consequences.

M.Bilal khan (5592) _____________

Imad khan (5746) _____________

Faheem khan (5815) _____________

 Dedication

This thesis is dedicated to my father, who taught me that the best kind of knowledge to have
is that which is learned for its own sake. It is also dedicated to my mother, who taught me
that even the largest task can be accomplished if it is done one step at a time.
 Acknowledgement

We are humbly grateful to almighty ALLAH, who has blessed us with the power to learn and
excel in our lives. We owe this all to our beloved parents whose prayers have been with us
through the entire thick and thin of life. Their extreme love, support and persuasion has enabled
us to achieve this goal.
I am highly indebted to Miss Saleha Durrani for their guidance and constant supervision as
well as for providing necessary information regarding the project & also for their support in
completing the project.
I would like to express my gratitude towards my parents & member of IQRA NATIONAL
UNIVERSITY Peshawar for their kind co-operation and encouragement which help me in
completion of this project.
I would like to express my special gratitude and thanks to industry persons for giving me
such attention and time.
My thanks and appreciations also go to my colleague in developing the project and people
who have willingly helped me out with their abilities.
 Abstract
Consumers need communication technology in this information era. There is a great demand for
reliable communication that is easy to use as well as secure. It is obvious then that as technology
advances the demand for better communication solutions increases tremendously. Wires are quickly
going out of style with the advancement of wireless technologies and industry. Because wireless
communication is a surging technology that shows no signs of slowing down, it has the potential to
answer to the needs of this demanding market. Consider one of the most common forms of wired
communication, the landline telephone. A great amount of money has to be poured into a wired
infrastructure, which even though is fairly common place, contains a hidden complexity. Wireless
eliminates the need for additional hardware to connect lots of users for a simple environment.

Currently available Vphones in Pakistan , which are either CDMA or GSM based, do not provide an
external interface to connect to a PBX .It is desired that such an interface be available so that it
provide connectivity to the outside phone lines , for local users on PBX ( specially in remote areas
where landline is not available ).

This project will require study of GSM Telephone/Modems as well PBX systems to access a suitable
interface that can be implemented either in software or hardware.
 Table of Contents

Undertaking ____________________________________________ Error! Bookmark not defined.

Acknowledgement _____________________________________________________________ vi
Abstract ______________________________________________ Error! Bookmark not defined.ii

Chapter 1: Introduction................................................................................... 10
Chapter 1
Introduction To Interface Intercom system with
(GSM) V-phone
Introduction:
The benefits of acquiring a PBX system are numerous. Naturally, one of the biggest concerns
about investing in telephone systems for any company is the price. The good news is that
business telephone systems do not have to be an enemy for the budget. In fact, PBX systems
are very cost effective and a worthy investment in the long-run.A hosted PBX phone
system, for instance, might be very suitable for smaller companies as it has a lower cost
compared to other technologies covering on-premise owned system.Furthermore, you do not
need to be concerned about training your staff nor acquiring technical expertise for their
installation because PBX systems are easily manageable via a user-friendly control panel
and hosted versions do not require technicians to install or maintain the system. Remember:
Time is money and with a PBX system you can save both. PBX telephone systems are
highly functional and allow for a better communication flow between departments and
staff resulting in a more coordinated working process. Moreover, you can automatically
record calls, generate detailed reports and track performance over time.

PBX telephone systems are highly functional and allow for a better communication flow
between departments and staff resulting in a more coordinated working process. Moreover,
you can automatically record calls, generate detailed reports and track performance over time.

PBX systems place international and long-distant calls through the Internet which makes it
extremely flexible to work from many different locations. A virtual switchboard system can
reach employees, permitting them to work from their mobile phones and even overseas.

This advantage will allow you to be more efficient outside the office and will certainly make
a huge difference in your bills at the end of the month.

GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) is a cellular technology used for
transmitting mobile voice and data services. Out of all cell technologies in use today, GSM is
the most widespread. However, it is important to know that although GSM is currently the
industry standard in cell technology

1.1 Basic Principle of Operation:

Fallowing are the basic principles.
1.2 PBX OR PBAX SYSTEM:

PBX stands for Private Branch Exchange, which is a private telephone network used within a
company.

Traditional PBXs would have their own proprietary phones, such that there would be a way
to re-use these phones with a different system. This means that we either have system-lock-in
(we are bound to the same system because changing system means also changing phones,
which makes it prohibitively expensive to break away) or vendor-lock-in (we are bound to
the same vendor because the phones are only usable with systems from the same vendor,
sometimes only within a particular range of systems).

Time and Technology however have changed the consumer telephony landscape, with the
flag-bearer being the Open-Standards-based IP-PBX. The point of the “IP” in this new era is
that the phone calls are delivered using the Internet Protocol as the underlying transport
technology.

This image gives us an idea of what an IP-PBX system allows in terms of connectivity and
reachability.

With a traditional PBX, you are typically constrained to a certain maximum number of
outside telephone lines (trunks) and to a certain maximum number of internal telephone
devices or extensions. Users of the PBX phone system (phones or extensions) share
the outside lines for making external phone calls.
An IP-PBX opens up possibilities, allowing for almost unlimited growth in terms of
extensions and trunks, and introducing more complex functions that are more costly and
difficult to implement with a traditional PBX, such as:

 Ring Groups
 Queues
 Digital Receptionists
 Queues
 Voicemail
 Reporting

1.3: GPRS GSM SIM900 Arduino Shield Wireless Module + :

The GPRS Shield is based on SIM900 module from SIMCOM and compatible with Arduino
and its clones. The GPRS Shield provides you a way to communicate using the GSM cell
phone network. The shield allows you to achieve SMS, MMS, GPRS and Audio via UART
by sending AT commands (GSM 07.07 ,07.05 and SIMCOM enhanced AT Commands). The
shield also has the 12 GPIOs, 2 PWMs and an ADC of the SIM900 module(They are all 2V8
logic) present onboard.

Features：
Quad-Band 850 / 900/ 1800 / 1900 MHz - would work on GSM networks in all
countries across the world.

GPRS multi-slot class 10/8

GPRS mobile station class B

Compliant to GSM phase 2/2+

Class 4 (2 W @ 850 / 900 MHz)

Class 1 (1 W @ 1800 / 1900MHz)

Control via AT commands - Standard Commands: GSM 07.07 & 07.05 | Enhanced
Commands: SIMCOM AT Commands.

Short Message Service - so that you can send small amounts of data over the network (ASCII
or raw hexadecimal).

Embedded TCP/UDP stack - allows you to upload data to a web server.

RTC supported.

Selectable serial port.

Speaker and Headphone jacks

Low power consumption - 1.5mA(sleep mode)

Industrial Temperature Range - -40°C to +85 °C

1.3 Arduino Mega 2560 R3:

Arduino is an open-source physical computing platform based on a simple i/o board and a
development environment that implements the Processing/Wiring language. Arduino can be
used to develop stand-alone interactive objects or can be connected to software on your
computer (e.g. Flash, Processing, MaxMSP). The open-source IDE can be downloaded for
free (currently for Mac OS X, Windows, and Linux).

The Arduino Mega is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560. It has 54 digital
input/output pins (of which 14 can be used as PWM outputs), 16 analog inputs, 4 UARTs
(hardware serial ports), a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an
ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller;
simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or
battery to get started. The Mega is compatible with most shields designed for the Arduino
Duemilanove or Diecimila.

The Mega 2560 R3 also adds SDA and SCL pins next to the AREF. In addition, there are two
new pins placed near the RESET pin. One is the IOREF that allow the shields to adapt to the
voltage provided from the board. The other is a not connected and is reserved for future
purposes. The Mega 2560 R3 works with all existing shields but can adapt to new shields
which use these additional pins.

1.4 Advantages of using an Arduino over

simple Microcontroller :
There are many advantages of Arduino over simple microcontroller. Some of them are as
follows:

1. Ready to use
2. Examples of codes
3. Effortless functions
4. Large community

Ready to use:
The biggest advantage of Arduino is its ready to use structure. As Arduino comes in a
complete package form which includes the 5V regulator, a burner, an oscillator, a micro-
controller, serial communication interface, LED and headers for the connections. You don't
have to think about programmer connections for programming or any other interface. Just
plug it into USB port of your computer and that's it. Your revolutionary idea is going to
change the world after just few words of coding.
Examples of codes:
Another big advantage of Arduino is its library of examples present inside the software of
Arduino. We will explain this advantage using an example ofvoltage measurement. For
example if you want to measure voltage using ATmega8 micro-controller and want to display
the output on computer screen then you have to go through the whole process. The process
will start from learning the ADC's of micro-controller for measurement, went through the
learning of serial communication for display and will end at USB - Serial converters.

DC voltage measurement using Atmel AVR micro-controller.

On the other hand, if you want to measure the voltage using Arduino. Just plug in your
Arduino and open the ReadAnalogVoltage example as shown in the figure 1.

Figure 1
 Effortless functions:

During coding of Arduino, you will notice some functions which make the life so easy.
Another advantage of Arduino is its automatic unit conversion capability. You can say
that during debugging you don't have to worry about the units conversions. Just use
your all force on the main parts of your projects. You don't have to worry about side
problems.

Large community:
There are many forums present on the internet in which people are talking about the
Arduino. Engineers, hobbyists and professionals are making their projects through Arduino.
You can easily find help about everything. Moreover the Arduino website itself explains each
and every functions of Arduino.So, We should conclude the advantage of Arduino by saying
that during working on different projects you just have to worry about your innovative idea.
The remaining will handle by Arduino itself.
Chapter 2

Literature review

2.1 GSM – Architecture, Features & Working:

GSM is a mobile communication modem; it is stands for global system for mobile
communication (GSM). The idea of GSM was developed at Bell Laboratories in 1970. It is
widely used mobile communication system in the world. GSM is an open and digital cellular
technology used for transmitting mobile voice and data services operates at the 850MHz,
900MHz, 1800MHz and 1900MHz frequency bands.

GSM system was developed as a digital system using time division multiple access (TDMA)
technique for communication purpose. A GSM digitizes and reduces the data, then sends it
down through a channel with two different streams of client data, each in its own particular
time slot. The digital system has an ability to carry 64 kbps to 120 Mbps of data rates.
2.12 Working of GSM Module:

From the below circuit, a GSM modem duly interfaced to the MC through the level shifter IC
Max232. The SIM card mounted GSM modem upon receiving digit command by SMS from
any cell phone send that data to the MC through serial communication. While the program is
executed, the GSM modem receives command ‘STOP’ to develop an output at the MC, the
contact point of which are used to disable the ignition switch. The command so sent by the user
is based on an intimation received by him through the GSM modem ‘ALERT’ a programmed
message only if the input is driven low. The complete operation is displayed over 16×2 LCD
display.
2.13 Intelligent GSM Device for Automation and Security:

In these days, the GSM mobile terminal has become one of the items that are constantly with
us. Just like our wallet/purse, keys or watch, the GSM mobile terminal provides us a
communication channel that enables us to communicate with the world. The requirement for a
person to be reachable or to call anyone at any time is very appealing.

In this project, as the name says project is based on GSM network technology for transmission
of SMS from sender to receiver. SMS sending and receiving is used for ubiquitous access of
appliances and allowing breach control at home. The system proposes two sub-systems.
Appliance control subsystem enables the user to control home appliances remotely and the
security alert subsystem gives the automatic security monitoring.

The system is capable enough to instruct user via SMS from a specific cell number to change
the condition of the home appliance according to the user’s needs and requirements. The second
aspect is that of security alert which is achieved in a way that on the detection of intrusion, the
system allows automatic generation of SMS thus alerting the user against security risk.

2.2 Interfacing GSM Module to Arduino :

Now a days GSM is used in all the projects for wireless data transmission or alerting and
messaging system.

There are two ways of connecting GSM module to arduino. In any case, the communication
between Arduino and GSM module is serial. So we are supposed to use serial pins of
Arduino (Rx and Tx). So if you are going with this method, we may connect the Tx pin of
GSM module to Rx pin of Arduino and Rx pin of GSM module to Tx pin of Arduino.GSM
Tx –> Arduino Rx and GSM Rx –> Arduino Tx. Now connect the ground pin of arduino to
ground pin of gsm module! So that’s all! we made 3 connections and the wiring is over! Now
you can load different programs to communicate with gsm module and make it work.

To avoid this difficulty, I am using an alternate method in which two digital pins of arduino
are used for serial communication. We need to select two PWM enabled pins of arduino for
this method. So I choose pins 9 and 10 (which are PWM enabled pins). This method is made
possible with the SoftwareSerial Library of Ardunio. SoftwareSerial is a library of Arduino
which enables serial data communication through other digital pins of Arduino. The library
replicates hardware functions and handles the task of serial communication.

circuit diagram to connect gsm module to Arduino