6

6
Student: ___________________________________________________________________________
1. The idea that sexual acts and preferences are socially organized is no more than _____ years
old.
A. 200
B. 175
C. 150
D. 75
2. The fact that sexual identities have only recently emerged as a concept suggests that:
A. they are socially constructed.

B. this is a new phenomenon.
C. this is a phenomenon not worthy of study.
D. we need to base everything on biology.
3. Beginning in the late 1800s through 1973 homosexuality was thought to be
A. a physical condition
B. a psychological illness
C. a normal sexual activity
D. a result of environment
4. Social constructionists would argue that sexual identities
A. are effected by the environment

B. don't have particular boundaries that are followed
C. vary from culture to culture
D. are not measured on a continuum
5. The _______________ put the country on its ear when it published the results about men's
sexual behavior.
A. Martin Report
B. National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG)
C. Kinsey Report
D. Hite Report
6. The group most likely to show a link between biology and homosexuality would be
A. siblings
B. siblings who were adopted
C. fraternal twins
D. identical twins
7. Queer theory
A. is based on science
B. explains that sexual life is artificially organized into categories that reflect the power of
homosexual norms.
C. is put forth by political activists that are homophobic
D. place sexual activities into a sharp split between homosexual and heterosexual
8. Of the following, which is not true about the "family of choice"?
A. friends may be more central to your family than a partner

B. they must be actively constructed
C. are easily formed by people of all racial-ethnic and social levels.
D. always include one or more legal or biological member of one's family of origin
9. Changes in sexual activity in the United States since the start of the century have served to:
A. weaken the role of marriage as the core of family life.

B. strengthen the role of marriage as the core of family life.
C. reinforce the central focus of children as the core of family life.
D. decrease the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases.
10. "Living apart together" (LAT), people who are intimately involved but live in separate households,
A. was first noticed in Europe in the late 1970s

B. has been studied extensively in Spain
C. has been widely studied in the United States
D. represents about 10% of the population in Britain
11. A significant development in the twentieth century that has changed the relationship between sex-
as-reproduction to sex-as-pleasure is:
A. the recognition of sexual identity.

B. modern methods of contraception.
C. the modern media.
D. the introduction of pornography.
12. Today, in general, couples in a marriage are most likely to
A. be less likely to agree that extra marital sex was wrong than they were in 1972
B. have an "open" marriage
C. have had at least on extramarital partner during their marriage
D. practice sexual monogamy
13. The concept of sexual identity requires _____________ and ________________ that was not
prominent until the late nineteenth century.
A. self-consciousness; self-reliance.
B. self-reliance; self-examination.
C. self consciousness; self-examination.
D. selfishness; independence.
14. In several surveys of adult sexual activity, over __% of women and over ___% of men said that
they had had no sex partners other than their spouses over the previous 12 months.
A. 97; 94
B. 85; 65
C. 80; 65
D. 75; 70
15. Social constructivists believe that sexual identities
A. are determined by both social and biological factors.

B. are the same across cultures.
C. vary from culture to culture.
D. are determined by social norms.
16. A person's sexual orientation is a result of
A. genetics
B. socialization
C. peer pressure
D. still undetermined
17. The Kinsey Report, a book published in 1948, shocked the nation because
A. of the high number of men who admitted to have had sexual relations with other men.
B. the author's claim that sexuality should be viewed as a continuum running from exclusively
heterosexual to exclusively homosexual.
C. of the high number of men who admitted to sexual feelings toward other men.
D. all of the above
18. The two categories of sexual activity prior to the late nineteenth century included the following
A. premarital and marital.

B. marital and extramarital.
C. religiously approved and religiously disapproved.
D. socially approved and socially disapproved.
19. Matching Quiz
1. social and biological factors determine

human sexuality queer theory ____
2. 1948 book that changed how we look at
sexuality family of choice ____
3. a critical standpoint that suggests a
challenge to conventional understanding of
sexuality sexual identity ____
4. couples that are intimate, but who either
through choice or constraint, live in separate
households. extramarital sex ____
5. a group of people that form voluntary ties
among individuals that are not legally or
biologically related. selection effect ____
6. sexual identities are entirely socially non-marital birth
created ratio ____
7. set of sexual practices and attitudes that
lead to the formation in a person's mind of his
or her being heterosexual, homosexual, or "living apart
bisexual together" ____
8. sexual activity by a married person with sexual
someone other than his or her spouse monogamy ____
social
9. principle that individuals sort themselves constructivist
into groups non-randomly perspective ____
10. the practice of having just one sex Integrative
partner perspective ____
11. proportion of all births that occur to
unmarried women Kinsey report ____
20. Cohabiting relationships of opposite or same sex couples would not be common without the
increasing acceptance of sexual activity outside marriage.
True False
21. There is considerable evidence to suggest that part of sexual identities are socially constructed.
True False
22. The two types of LAT relationships are those people who live apart by constraint and those who
live apart by choice.
True False
23. Families of choice are similar to kin networks in extended families.
True False
24. The Kinsey report published information about women and their sexual behavior.
True False
25. In 1970 the nonmarital birth ratio for 15- to 19-year-olds was two out of three.
True False
26. The major disagreement between the social constructivist theory and the integrative theory is
whether society completely determines a person's sexual identity.
True False
27. The National Study on Family Growth (NSFG) showed that the percentage of Americans who
thought of themselves as bisexual or homosexual is lower than the percentage that have ever
had a same-sex sexual experience.
True False
28. Sexual monogamy is the exception rather than the rule among married persons.
True False
29. Both the Kinsey Report and the recent NSFG study show that sexual orientation appears to be
one-dimensional.
True False
30. Queer theorists argue that sexual identities are unstable and arbitrary.
True False
31. Describe how the idea of sexual identity developed.

32. Why have biological studies of homosexual origins been controversial?
33. Explain what "living together apart" means and how it has impacted the concept of family in the
United States, as well as other countries.
34. How did the medical model affect the feelings of the population on their opinions or thoughts
about homosexuality?
35. Looking at it from the perspective of social conservatives, how might the integrative perspective
threaten all that they support and believe?
36. What do the findings of studies on identical and fraternal twins suggest about sexual orientation?
What are the limitations of these studies?
37. How is the network of friends of a gay or lesbian couple different from a kinship network?
38. Discuss the author's concept of "sexual identity."
39. Compare the social constructionist perspective with the integrative perspective. Which makes the
most sense to you and why.
40. How did the invention and widespread use of the birth control pill allow individuals to separate
sex-as-pleasure from sex-as-reproduction?
41. How has the new emphasis on sexual gratification in marriage in the late twentieth century
changed the concept of marriage? Discuss both the advantages and the disadvantages.
42. Describe the family of choice and how it might impact a couple of the same sex?
43. What sociological, demographic, political, and economic factors can you think of to explain the
fact that in a current textbook such as yours, homosexuality is openly discussed, while in a 1940s
textbook it never would have been mentioned?
44. What did theorists mean by the "zombie category" in relation to families?
45. Discuss the social constructionist perspective on sexuality. How does it differ from the integrative
perspective?
46. Elaborate on the debate about the origins of homosexuality.

6 Key
1. The idea that sexual acts and preferences are socially organized is no more than _____ years
(p. 180) old.
A. 200
B. 175
C. 150
D. 75
Cherlin - Chapter 06 #1
2. The fact that sexual identities have only recently emerged as a concept suggests that:
(p. 180-
182)
A. they are socially constructed.

B. this is a new phenomenon.
C. this is a phenomenon not worthy of study.
D. we need to base everything on biology.
3. Beginning in the late 1800s through 1973 homosexuality was thought to be

(p. 181)
A. a physical condition
B. a psychological illness
C. a normal sexual activity
D. a result of environment
4. Social constructionists would argue that sexual identities

(p. 182)
A. are effected by the environment

B. don't have particular boundaries that are followed
C. vary from culture to culture
D. are not measured on a continuum
5. The _______________ put the country on its ear when it published the results about men's
(p. 183) sexual behavior.
A. Martin Report
B. National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG)
C. Kinsey Report
D. Hite Report
6. The group most likely to show a link between biology and homosexuality would be
(p. 186)
A. siblings
B. siblings who were adopted
C. fraternal twins
D. identical twins
7. Queer theory
(p. 189)
A. is based on science
B. explains that sexual life is artificially organized into categories that reflect the power of
homosexual norms.
C. is put forth by political activists that are homophobic
D. place sexual activities into a sharp split between homosexual and heterosexual
8. Of the following, which is not true about the "family of choice"?

(p. 191-
192)
A. friends may be more central to your family than a partner

B. they must be actively constructed
C. are easily formed by people of all racial-ethnic and social levels.
D. always include one or more legal or biological member of one's family of origin
9. Changes in sexual activity in the United States since the start of the century have served to:
(p. 195)
A. weaken the role of marriage as the core of family life.

B. strengthen the role of marriage as the core of family life.
C. reinforce the central focus of children as the core of family life.
D. decrease the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases.
10. "Living apart together" (LAT), people who are intimately involved but live in separate
(p. 192) households,
A. was first noticed in Europe in the late 1970s

B. has been studied extensively in Spain
C. has been widely studied in the United States
D. represents about 10% of the population in Britain
11. A significant development in the twentieth century that has changed the relationship between
(p. 195) sex-as-reproduction to sex-as-pleasure is:
A. the recognition of sexual identity.

B. modern methods of contraception.
C. the modern media.
D. the introduction of pornography.
12. Today, in general, couples in a marriage are most likely to

(p. 197)
A. be less likely to agree that extra marital sex was wrong than they were in 1972
B. have an "open" marriage
C. have had at least on extramarital partner during their marriage
D. practice sexual monogamy
13. The concept of sexual identity requires _____________ and ________________ that was not
(p. 181) prominent until the late nineteenth century.
A. self-consciousness; self-reliance.
B. self-reliance; self-examination.
C. self consciousness; self-examination.
D. selfishness; independence.
14. In several surveys of adult sexual activity, over __% of women and over ___% of men said
(p. 198) that they had had no sex partners other than their spouses over the previous 12 months.
A. 97; 94
B. 85; 65
C. 80; 65
D. 75; 70
15. Social constructivists believe that sexual identities

(p. 182)
A. are determined by both social and biological factors.

B. are the same across cultures.
C. vary from culture to culture.
D. are determined by social norms.
16. A person's sexual orientation is a result of

(p. 186)
A. genetics
B. socialization
C. peer pressure
D. still undetermined
17. The Kinsey Report, a book published in 1948, shocked the nation because
(p. 183)
A. of the high number of men who admitted to have had sexual relations with other men.
B. the author's claim that sexuality should be viewed as a continuum running from exclusively
heterosexual to exclusively homosexual.
C. of the high number of men who admitted to sexual feelings toward other men.
D. all of the above
18. The two categories of sexual activity prior to the late nineteenth century included the following
(p. 181)
A. premarital and marital.

B. marital and extramarital.
C. religiously approved and religiously disapproved.
D. socially approved and socially disapproved.
19. Matching Quiz
(p. 182-
200)
1. social and biological factors determine

human sexuality queer theory 3
2. 1948 book that changed how we look at
sexuality family of choice 5
3. a critical standpoint that suggests a
challenge to conventional understanding of
sexuality sexual identity 7
4. couples that are intimate, but who either
through choice or constraint, live in separate
households. extramarital sex 8
5. a group of people that form voluntary ties
among individuals that are not legally or
biologically related. selection effect 9
6. sexual identities are entirely socially non-marital birth
created ratio 11
7. set of sexual practices and attitudes that
lead to the formation in a person's mind of his
or her being heterosexual, homosexual, or "living apart
bisexual together" 4
8. sexual activity by a married person with sexual
someone other than his or her spouse monogamy 10
social
9. principle that individuals sort themselves constructivist
into groups non-randomly perspective 6
10. the practice of having just one sex Integrative
partner perspective 1
11. proportion of all births that occur to
unmarried women Kinsey report 2
20. Cohabiting relationships of opposite or same sex couples would not be common without the
(p. 195) increasing acceptance of sexual activity outside marriage.
TRUE
21. There is considerable evidence to suggest that part of sexual identities are socially
(p. 181) constructed.
TRUE
22. The two types of LAT relationships are those people who live apart by constraint and those
(p. 193) who live apart by choice.
TRUE
23. Families of choice are similar to kin networks in extended families.

(p. 192)
TRUE
24. The Kinsey report published information about women and their sexual behavior.
(p. 183)
FALSE
25. In 1970 the nonmarital birth ratio for 15- to 19-year-olds was two out of three.
(p. 199)
FALSE
26. The major disagreement between the social constructivist theory and the integrative theory is
(p. 188) whether society completely determines a person's sexual identity.
TRUE
27. The National Study on Family Growth (NSFG) showed that the percentage of Americans who
(p. 186) thought of themselves as bisexual or homosexual is lower than the percentage that have ever
had a same-sex sexual experience.
TRUE
28. Sexual monogamy is the exception rather than the rule among married persons.
(p. 197)
FALSE
29. Both the Kinsey Report and the recent NSFG study show that sexual orientation appears to be
(p. 186) one-dimensional.
FALSE
30. Queer theorists argue that sexual identities are unstable and arbitrary.
(p. 189)
TRUE
31. Describe how the idea of sexual identity developed.

(p. 181)
Answer will vary
32. Why have biological studies of homosexual origins been controversial?

(p. 184-
186)
Answer will vary
33. Explain what "living together apart" means and how it has impacted the concept of family in
(p. 192- the United States, as well as other countries.
193)
Answer will vary
34. How did the medical model affect the feelings of the population on their opinions or thoughts
(p. 181- about homosexuality?
182)
Answer will vary

35. Looking at it from the perspective of social conservatives, how might the integrative
(p. 186- perspective threaten all that they support and believe?
188)
Answer will vary
36. What do the findings of studies on identical and fraternal twins suggest about sexual
(p. 186- orientation? What are the limitations of these studies?
188)
Answer will vary
37. How is the network of friends of a gay or lesbian couple different from a kinship network?
(p. 191-
192)
Answer will vary
38. Discuss the author's concept of "sexual identity."

(p. 181)
Answer will vary
39. Compare the social constructionist perspective with the integrative perspective. Which makes
(p. 182- the most sense to you and why.
186)
Answer will vary

40. How did the invention and widespread use of the birth control pill allow individuals to separate
(p. 195) sex-as-pleasure from sex-as-reproduction?
Answer will vary
41. How has the new emphasis on sexual gratification in marriage in the late twentieth century
(p. 195- changed the concept of marriage? Discuss both the advantages and the disadvantages.
196)
Answer will vary
42. Describe the family of choice and how it might impact a couple of the same sex?
(p. 191-
192)
Answer will vary
43. What sociological, demographic, political, and economic factors can you think of to explain the
fact that in a current textbook such as yours, homosexuality is openly discussed, while in a
1940s textbook it never would have been mentioned?
Answer will vary
44. What did theorists mean by the "zombie category" in relation to families?
(p. 194)
Answer will vary

45. Discuss the social constructionist perspective on sexuality. How does it differ from the
(p. 182- integrative perspective?
186)
Answer will vary
46. Elaborate on the debate about the origins of homosexuality.

(p. 181-
182)
Answer will vary

6 Summary
Category # of Questions
Cherlin - Chapter 06 46

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A. they are socially constructed.

3. Beginning in the late 1800s through 1973 homosexuality was thought to be

4. Social constructionists would argue that sexual identities

A. are effected by the environment

8. Of the following, which is not true about the "family of choice"?

A. friends may be more central to your family than a partner

A. weaken the role of marriage as the core of family life.

A. was first noticed in Europe in the late 1970s

A. the recognition of sexual identity.

12. Today, in general, couples in a marriage are most likely to

15. Social constructivists believe that sexual identities

A. are determined by both social and biological factors.

A. premarital and marital.

1. social and biological factors determine

31. Describe how the idea of sexual identity developed.

38. Discuss the author's concept of "sexual identity."

46. Elaborate on the debate about the origins of homosexuality.

A. they are socially constructed.

3. Beginning in the late 1800s through 1973 homosexuality was thought to be

4. Social constructionists would argue that sexual identities

A. are effected by the environment

8. Of the following, which is not true about the "family of choice"?

A. friends may be more central to your family than a partner

A. weaken the role of marriage as the core of family life.

A. was first noticed in Europe in the late 1970s

A. the recognition of sexual identity.

12. Today, in general, couples in a marriage are most likely to

15. Social constructivists believe that sexual identities

A. are determined by both social and biological factors.

16. A person's sexual orientation is a result of

A. premarital and marital.

1. social and biological factors determine

23. Families of choice are similar to kin networks in extended families.

31. Describe how the idea of sexual identity developed.

Answer will vary

Cherlin - Chapter 06 #31

32. Why have biological studies of homosexual origins been controversial?

Answer will vary

Cherlin - Chapter 06 #32

Answer will vary

Cherlin - Chapter 06 #33

Answer will vary

Cherlin - Chapter 06 #34

Answer will vary

Cherlin - Chapter 06 #35

Answer will vary

Cherlin - Chapter 06 #36

Answer will vary

Cherlin - Chapter 06 #37

38. Discuss the author's concept of "sexual identity."

Answer will vary

Cherlin - Chapter 06 #38

Answer will vary

Cherlin - Chapter 06 #39

Answer will vary

Cherlin - Chapter 06 #40

Answer will vary

Cherlin - Chapter 06 #41

Answer will vary

Cherlin - Chapter 06 #42

Answer will vary

Cherlin - Chapter 06 #43

Answer will vary