Integrative Art as Applied to Contemporary
Arts
 Integrated arts
- Practice refers to inter-disciplinary
art, art research, development,
production, presentation or artistic
creation of work that fully uses two or
more art disciplines to create a work
for a specific audience.
 Art
- Is “human ingenuity in adapting
natural things to man’s use”
(Webster)
- Art comes from the word “ars” which
means skill
- It is synonymous with skill, cunning,
artifice, and craft, which all mean
the faculty of what is devised
 Skill
o Skill stresses technical
knowledge and proficiency
 Cunning
o Cunning suggest ingenuity
and subtlety in devising,
inventing, or executing.
 Artifice
o Suggest mechanical skill
especially in imitating things in
nature
 Craft
o May imply expertness in
workmanship and guile in
attaining one’s end.
1. Art is a Natural Human
Behavior
2. Art is communication
3. Art is healing
4. Art tells our story
5. Art is a shared experience
 Contemporary
- /kənˈtempəˌrerē/
- Synonymous to present, current,
modern.
- Living or occurring at the same time
- Belonging to or occurring in the
present.
 Contemporary Art
- It is the art of today
- Produced by artist who is living in the
21st Century.
- It is not restricted to individual
experience but it is reflective of the
world we live in. Events in the world
having an effect to the Philippines.
- Artwork that is created by today’s
contemporary artists and has world
view, and its sensitive to changing
times.
- The term “contemporary art” refers
to art made and produced by artists
living today
- Today’s artists work in and respond
to a global environment that is
culturally diverse, technologically
advancing, and multifaceted.
- Working in a wide range of mediums,
contemporary artists often reflect
and comment on modern-day
society.
- Contemporary art: is the art of today,
produced by artists who are living in
the twenty-first century.
- Contemporary art: provides an
opportunity to reflect on
contemporary society and the issues
relevant to ourselves, and the world
around us.
- Contemporary artists: work in a
globally influenced, culturally
diverse, and technologically
advancing world. Their art is a
dynamic combination of materials,
methods, concepts and subjects
that challenge traditional
boundaries and defy easy definition.
 Characteristics of Philippine
Contemporary Arts (by classification)
1. Dominant/Mainstream: foreign
influenced, industry-driven,
technology assisted, oriented for
mass consumption. (E.g Ogie
Alcasid and Sarah Geronimo)
2. Alternative: usually social realist
and/or advocacy oriented
individuals. (E.g. Joey Ayala,
Grace Nono, Kidlat Tahimik)
3. Traditional/Indigenous: preserves
local traditions. (E.g. GAMABA
awardees- Samaon Sulaiman,
Lang Dulay)
 Elements/Principles of Contemporary Art
1. Appropriation
- Existing artworks are appropriated to
produce another artwork. Usage of
prints, images, and icons to produce
another art form.
- Combines past from the present.
Revives interests to existing forms of
art.
 2. Performance
- Performance evolved to “emphasize
spontaneous elements of chance.”
(Walker Art Center)
- Interpreting various human activities
such as ordinary activities such as
chores, routines and rituals, to
socially relevant themes such as
poverty, commercialism and war.
3. Space
- Arts transforming space. For
example: flash mobs, art installation
in malls and parks.
- Site Specific forms: art form that is
performed and positioned in a
specific space such as public
places.
4. Hybridity
- Usage of unconventional materials,
mixing of unlikely materials to
produce an artwork. For example:
coffee for painting, miniature
sculptures using crayons.
5. Technology
- Usage of technology in the creation
and dissemination of art works.
- Video phenomenon from MTV to
Youtube. Recording performances,
video posting, sharing, live
streaming.
Modern Art Contemporary Art
Started in 1860’s Started in 1970’s -
Present
Abstractions Social Issues
Art experimentation: Art experimentation
- Drawing - Video Art
- Sculpture - Land Art
- Painting - Performanc
e Art
- Virtual Art
VISUAL ELEMENTS
1. Line: a line is an identifiable path
created by a point moving in space. It is
one-dimensional and can vary in width,
direction, and length. Lines often define
the edges of a form. Lines can be
horizontal, vertical, or diagonal, straight
or curved, thick or thin.
- An element of art that is used to
define shape, contours, and outlines,
also to continuous mark made on a
surface with a pointed tool or
implied by edges of shapes and
forms.
Characteristics of a line are:
a) Width: thick, thin, tapering, uneven.
b) Length: long, short, continuous,
broken
c) Direction: horizontal, vertical,
diagonal, curving, perpendicular,
oblique, parallel, radial, zigzag.
d) Focus: sharp, blurry, fuzzy,
choppy
e) Feeling: sharp, jagged, graceful,
smooth.
Types of Line
 Outlines: lines made by the edge
of an object or its silhouette
 Contour lines: lines that describe
the shape of an object and the
interior detail
 Expressive lines: lines that are
energetic and catches the
movement and gestures of an
active figure.
 Sketch line: lines that captures
the appearance of an object or
impression of a place
 Calligraphic lines: Greek word
meaning “beautiful writing”
precise, elegant handwriting or
letting done by hand. Also
artwork that has flowing lines like
an elegant handwriting.
 Implied line: lines that are not
actually drawn but created by a
group of objects seen from a
distance.
2. Shape
- Shape is a flat, enclosed area of an
artwork created through lines,
textures, colors or an area enclosed
by other shapes such as triangles,
circles and squares. Likewise, a form
can refer to a three-dimensional
composition or object within a three-
dimensional composition.
Categories of Shapes
a) Geometric Shapes: circles,
squares, rectangles, and
triangles. We see them in
architecture and manufactured
items.
b) Organic shapes: leaf, seashells,
flowers. We see them in nature
and with characteristics that are
free flowing, informal and
irregular.
 c) Positive shapes: in a drawing or mixed together they
painting positive shapes are the neutralize each other.
solid forms in a design such as a
Ex; yellow, blue, green, pink
bowl of fruit. In a sculpture it is the
solid form of the sculpture. f) Monochromatic: is where
d) Negative Shapes: in a drawing it one color is used but in
is the space around the positive different values and
shape or the shape around the intensity.
bowl of fruit. In sculpture it is the
empty shape around and Ex: dark brown, brown, light
between the sculptures. brown
e) Static shapes: Shapes that
g) Warm colors: are on one
appears stable and resting
side of the color wheel
f) Dynamic Shapes: shapes that
and they give the feeling
appears moving and active.
of warmth for example
3. Color
red, orange and yellow
- Is the element of art that is produced
are the color of fire and
when light, striking an object, is
feel warm.
reflected back to the eyes. There are
h) Cool colors: are on the
three properties to color. The first is
other side of the color
hue, which simply means the name
wheel and they give the
we give to a color (red, yellow, blue
feeling of coolness for
green, etc.). The second property is
example, blue, violet are
intensity, which refers to the vividness
the color of water and
of the color.
green is the color of cool
Categories of Color
grass.
 Color Wheel: is a tool used to
4. Space
organize color. It is made up
- Space is any conducive area that
of PSTACMWC
an artist provides for a particular
a) Primary Colors: red, yellow,
purpose. Space includes the
blue these colors cannot
background, foreground, and
be mixed, they must be
middle ground, and refers to the
bought in some form.
distance or area(s) around,
b) Secondary Colors: orange,
between, and within things.
violet, green these colors
are created by mixing two Categories of Space
primaries.
c) Tertiary/Intermediate a) Positive space: like in positive shape
Colors: red orange, yellow it is the actual sculpture or building.
green, blue violet, etc., b) Negative space: also like negative
mixing a primary with a shape it is the space around the
secondary creates these sculpture or building
colors. c) Picture Plane: is the flat surface of
d) Analogous colors: the your drawing paper or canvas.
analog colors are those d) Composition: is the organization and
colors which lie on either placement of elements on your
side of any given color. picture plane
Ex ; orange, red, cherry e) Focal Point: is the object or area you
e) Complementary colors: want the viewer to look at first.
are colors that are
opposite each other on
the color wheel. When
placed next to each other
they look bright and when
Types of Perspective
- Perspective is an approximate
representation, on a flat surface
(paper), of an image as it is
perceived by the eye
1) Nonlinear Perspective
- Is the method of showing depth that
incorporates the ffg. Techniques
a) Position: placing an object higher
on the page makes it appear farther
back than objects placed lower.
b) Overlapping: when an object
overlaps another object, it appears
closer to the viewer, and the object
behind appears farther.
c) Size Variation: smaller objects look
farther away in the distance. Larger
objects look closer.
d) Color: bright colors look like they are
closer to you and neutral colors look
farther away.
e) Value: lighter values look like they
are brighter and darker values look
like they are closer.
2) Linear Perspective
- Is the method of using lines to show
the illusion of depth in a picture
a) One-point Perspective: when lines
created by the sides of tables or
building look like that are pointing to
the distance and they all meet at
one point perspective.
b) Two-point Perspective: the lines look
like they are meeting at two points
on the horizon line
Visual Elements
1) Texture
- Stimulates the senses of sight and
touch and refers to the tactile quality
of the surface of the art.
- Based on the perceived texture of
the canvas or surface, which
includes the application of the paint.
- Two types: Visual and Actual
Categories of Texture
a) Real Texture: actual texture of an
object. Artist may create real texture
in art to give visual interest or evoke
a feeling.
b) Implied Texture: where a piece of art
is made to look like a certain texture.
Like drawing a rough tree trunk but it
is actually smooth paper.
2) Value
- Relevant to the lightness or darkness
of any color, but its importance is
easy to visualize in a work with no
colors other than black, white, and
grayscale.
Categories of Value
a) Tint: adding white to color paint
to create lighter values such as
pink or light blue.
b) Shade: adding black to paint to
create dark values such as dark
blue or dark red.
c) High-key: is where the picture is
all light values.
d) Low-key: is where the picture is
all dark values
e) Value Contrast: where light
values are placed next to the
dark values to create contrast or
strong differences
f) Value Scale: is a scale that shows
the gradual change in value
from its lightest value, to its
darkest value black.
3) Form
- Element of art that is three-
dimensional and encloses volume;
includes height, width and depth
(cube, sphere, pyramid, cylinder).
May also be free flowing.
- Shading a circle in a certain manner
can turn it into a sphere
- Form Types:
- Square – cube; rectangle – cylinder;
triangle – cone; circle- sphere
Balance
- The way the elements are arranged
- Keeping your design like a pattern. A
balanced pattern would be if you
had a border on your pattern black.
Unbalanced pattern would be if
approximately one-third of the
border was orange and two-thirds
pink
- Keeping your design symmetric is a
good technique for good balance.
 - A. Symmetrical Balance – the parts
of an image are organized so that
one side mirrors the other
- B. Asymmetrical Balance – when one
side of a composition does not
reflect the design of the other
4) Unity
- Creates a sense of harmony and
wholeness, by using similar elements
with composition and placing them
in a way that brings them all
together.
- Variety adds interest by using
contrasting elements with
composition.
- Keeping your design in a sort of
harmony in which all sections of the
pattern make other sections feel
complete. Unity helps the design to
be seen as one design instead of
randomness all around your design.
5) Harmony
- the quality of how the visual
elements are working together in a
composition. It is achieved when all
elements have unity and cohesion,
giving a sense of completion in an
artwork.
- Similar to unity. Harmony brings
together a composition with similar
units. If your composition was using
wavy lines and organic shapes you
would stay with those types of lines
and not put in just one geometric
shape
6) Pattern
- Is an underlying structure that
organizes surfaces or structures in a
consistent, regular manner.
- Can be described as a repeating
unit of shape or form, but it can also
be thought of as the “skeleton” that
organizes parts of a composition.
- Simply keeping your design in a
certain format
7) Contrast
- Is simply defines as difference.
- Difference between art elements like
color, value, size, texture, and so on
can intensify the elements used.
- As a result, the elements used in a
work of art can become more
powerful. Although contrast is closely
related with variety, it is usually
considered a principle of art.
Visual Art Elements and Principles of Design
-the building blocks or ingredients of art
Principles of Art
- What we use to organize the
elements of art, or tools to make art
1. Balance
The way the elements are arranged
Keeping your design like a pattern
- A. Symmetrical Balance – the parts
of an image are organized so that
one side mirrors the other
- B. Asymmetrical Balance – when
one side of a composition does not
reflect the design of the other
2. Emphasis
The focal point of an image, or when
one area or thing stand out the most
3. Contrast
- A large difference between two
things to create interest and tension
4. Rhythm and Movement
A regular repetition of elements to
produce the look and feel of
movement
5. Pattern and Repetition
Repetition of a design
6. Unity
When all elements and principles
work together to create a pleasing
image
7. Variety
- The use of differences and change
to increase the visual interest of the
work
8. Proportion
- The comparative relationship of one
part to another with respect to size,
quantity or degree ; SCALE
VISUAL ELEMENTS
LINE FORM
SHAPE
COLOR
SPACE
TEXTURE
VALUE