COURSE MANUAL

Name of the Elective Course:

Air and Space Law

Course Instructor:
Sreejith S.G.

Semester B 2018

Elective
This document is prepared by the course instructor and contains basic information relevant to the
execution of the course. It is the official record for all intends and purposes as far the elective
course, Air and Space Law, is concerned.

This course manual can be used as a general guide to the subject. However, the instructor can
modify, extend or supplement the course (without tampering its basic framework and objectives)
for the effective and efficient delivery of the course. Albeit, the instructor will provide the students
with reasons for such changes.

Part I

Course Title: Air and Space Law

Course Code:
Course Duration: One Semester (15 Weeks)
No. of Credit Units: 4 credits
Level: Undergraduate
Medium of Instruction: English
Pre-requisites: Public International Law (LL.B.-level)—Desirable: Interest in Aeronautics and
Astronautics, Civil Aviation, International Relations, History of Science, and Science Policy.
Pre-cursors: None
Equivalent Courses: None
Exclusive Courses: None

Part II

1. Course Description

After setting the epistemological connection between Air and Space Law, the Course focuses on
Air Law and Space Law separately. Such a separation is only for pedagogic convenience; it does
not necessarily mean that the disciplines are disparate islands.
Apropos of International Air Law, this part of the course spans over the Chicago Convention on
International Civil Aviation, 1944 that deals with all aspects of commercial civil aviation including
but not limited to flight operations, overflight, freedoms of air, cockpit management, air crash
investigation etc. Further, it deals with the Warsaw system that particularly grapples with questions
on the liability of airline carriers re passengers and goods.
What is unique about the international air law part is that the entire module will be taught through
air crash investigation reports. There will be no reading materials for this part but for the
Conventions, Rather, the course will make use of “watching materials” like the air crash
investigation series “Crashes of the Century”. Some of the cases include Tenerife Crash, Crash of
Air India 182, Crash of Air Florida 90, Lockerbie, Hudson River Landing, Hijacking of Indian
Airlines 814, Hijacking of Ethiopian Airlines Flight 961 etc.
Re International Law of Outer Space, although deemed as an esoteric branch of law—a unique
discursivity unique to an isolated discourse community—the law of outer space (informally,
“space law”), it is believed, has much more to offer conceptually to public international law than
any other special branches of the discipline. However, much of space law’s conceptual legalism
lies buried beneath the polemics of the Cold War, a politico-ideological conflict that shaped among
many intellectual projects the law of outer space. Whatever had escaped the weight of the Cold
War rhetoric on outer space became law—reified for its normative innovations, glorified for its
universal appeal, and hyped for its utilitarian tag. However, the end product—corpus juris
spatialis—despite the flamboyant labels attached to it and all the hype surrounding it, in a broader
lens, evinces a tinge of triviality about it.
A technological culture that prompts an intellectual posture in which law shall address
technological imbroglios adds on to the triviality that lawyers/scholars from frontier braches sense
in the law of outer space. Such scholars/lawyers accuse space law for its declining normativity and
diminishing legalism and for unreflectively yielding to technological determinism.
Does the law of outer space deserve such scathing criticism for what its followers may refer to as
the discipline’s receptivity to the demands of modernity? Taking cue from certain modernist
project they may argue that a renewalist sensibility that renders space law a project of modernist
utility has been mistaken as the fall of legalism. The seeming extra-legal character of space law
could be part of a larger renewalist program, pending alternative visions for the peaceful use and
exploration of outer space.
With these and other related concerns in mind, this course aims to recover space law to make it
salient under a disciplinary category international law of outer space.
2. Course Aims

The course aims to:

a) explore the legal aspects of civil aviation in general
b) understand the role of law in making air travel the safest mode of transport
c) examine the roles, and liabilities thereof, of various personnel in civil aviation
d) understand the institutional mechanism within which civil aviation functions
e) make an awareness about the rights of airline passengers
f) examine the historical forces—the political undercurrents—that prompted the formation of
the law of outer space,
g) critically review the ideological debate that forms the background of the legal discourse on
the peaceful exploration and use of outer space and to discover the elements of legalism that
lie beneath grand ideologies,
h) analyze the doctrinal and institutional structure of space law by subjecting relevant legal
instruments to a textualist analysis and institutions in terms of their functional utility,
i) examine the receptiveness of the discipline to the call of modernist projects, and
j) conceptually track the progressive development of the discipline to see whether the
discipline has come of age in modernity
k) To run space law through the mill of a rational choice model in order to test the continuing
relevance of the discipline
3. Teaching Methodology
The course combines reading/watching groups, lectures, and discussions. Every module will be
introduced by the instructor through lectures or a base-material or a video (a research paper or
excerpt from a book or a video for home-watching). In case of the reading group, the instructor
will design discursive pattern for the group keeping in mind the nature of the module. Whether the
method is a reading group or lecture, the base-material (in case of lectures it will be PPTs) will be
made available to the participants as homework-material.

There will be a second-round lecture/discussion on the homeworked-material wherein the

instructor will try to epistemologically situate the entire module as a polemical component of an
existing discourse. The idea is to situate a certain event/development/doctrine, giving it a certain
character in relation to what is deemed as contemporaneity in international law and relations.

4. Intended Learning Outcomes

Course Intended Learning Weightage Teaching and Assessment

Outcomes Learning Activities Tasks/
Activities
An understanding of the prominence 20% Base-texts, videos and End-semester
of Air and Space Law as one of the the discussions on Exams,
finest developments ever have them Discussions, and
happened in international law. The Research Work
discipline’s continuing relevance in
international legal discourses, and
possibilities it offers to the world
order.
A thorough understanding of the 50% Literature on Air and Research Work
historical forces that have shaped the space law and policy,
theory and doctrines of Air and Space scientific datasheets,
Law. The cross fertilizing and doctrines, Air Crash
universalizing possibilities of the Investigation Reports
doctrines. Grasp of the form and
substance of national policies in an era
of capitalism.
The ability to establish connection 30% End-semester
between the causal forces and Exams,
doctrinal positions. The ability to see Discussions,
through the global trends to help Air Research Work
and Space Law (international law)
progressively develop

5. Grading of Student Achievement

Of the total score required to pass this course, a minimum of 50% shall be obtained by the student
in the course work (i.e., combined score of internal assessments and end semester examination).
Grade Sheet

Percentage Grade Grade Grade Description

of Marks Value

80 and above O 8 Outstanding – Exceptional knowledge of the subject

matter, thorough understanding of issues; ability to
synthesize ideas, rules and principles and extraordinary
critical and analytical ability

75 – 79 A+ 7.5 Excellent - Sound knowledge of the subject matter,

thorough understanding of issues; ability to synthesize
ideas, rules and principles and critical and analytical
ability

70 – 74 A 7 Very Good - Sound knowledge of the subject matter,

excellent organizational capacity, ability to synthesize
ideas, rules and principles, critically analyse existing
materials and originality in thinking and presentation

65 – 69 A- 6 Good - Good understanding of the subject matter,

ability to identify issues and provide balanced solutions
to problems and good critical and analytical skills

60 – 64 B+ 5 Fair – Average understanding of the subject matter,

limited ability to identify issues and provide solutions to
problems and reasonable critical and analytical skills

55 – 59 B 4 Acceptable- Adequate knowledge of the subject matter

to go to the next level of study and reasonable critical
and analytical skills.

50 – 54 B- 3 Marginal- Limited knowledge of the subject matter and

irrelevant use of materials and, poor critical and
analytical skills

Below 50 F 0 Fail - Poor comprehension of the subject matter; poor

critical and analytical skills and marginal use of the
relevant materials. Will require repeating the course

6. Criteria for Student Assessments

Internal assessment of the participants will be based on the following criteria. In case any of the
participants miss the IA tests, alternative internal assessments will be conducted.
Assessment Weightage Remarks
Type of Marks 10 Class Participation
Assessment
Participants will be assessed on the basis of their “effective
participation” in class-discussions.

Effective participation means, but not limited to:

1. Spectrum-views on the concept/theory/issue under
discussion
2. Ability to provide inputs to the instructor to carry a
certain point forward
3. Co-relate course-specific concepts/theory/issue to
frontier disciplines
4. Pose foundational challenges, well supported by
authorities, as if doubts, to the concepts/theory/issue in
question
5. Ability to ratiocinate, build syllogisms, apophasis, and
adopt similar discursive practices
6. Correlate scientific developments and science policy
with law and legal policy, respectively
7. Identify legal issues (and their possible resolution
thereof) from the various Air Crash Investigation Reports
8. Ability to add information to a discussion

Caveat: Sheer aggression in arguments, naïve denial, destructive

criticism, sophistries etc. will not deemed as signs of “effective
participation”.
Type of Marks 20 Cold Call
Assessment
Cold Call to discuss a legal issue with the participants. The
period of assessment will be 1 March 2018 to 30 April 2018. The
Cold Call will be an invitation to the Office Hours.

Type of Marks 40 Research Work

Assessment
Identifying legal issues through an Air Crash Investigation
Report/Video. Participants have to make a narration/discourse
(spinning a thread) of the legal issues rather than simply listing
them. A model will be provided during the course.

Or

Draft a space law moot problem potentially rich in legal issues

End Semester 30 marks End-term Examination

Examination
 Assessment Weightage Remarks
They will be an end-semester take-home theory examination for
all participants of the course who have successfully completed
the course work

Part IV

Course/Class Policies

Academic Integrity and Honesty

Learning and knowledge production of any kind is a collaborative process. Collaboration demands
an ethical responsibility to acknowledge who we have learnt from, what we have learned, and how
reading and learning from others have helped us shape our own ideas. Even our own ideas demand
an acknowledgement of the sources and processes through which those ideas have emerged. Thus,
all ideas must be supported by citations. All ideas borrowed from articles, books, journals,
magazines, case laws, statutes, photographs, films, paintings, etc., in print or online, must be
credited with the original source. If the source or inspiration of your idea is a friend, a casual chat,
something that you overheard, or heard being discussed at a conference or in class, even they must
be duly credited. If you paraphrase or directly quote from a web source in the examination,
presentation or essays, the source must be acknowledged. The university has a framework to deal
with cases of plagiarism. All form of plagiarism will be taken seriously by the University and
prescribed sanctions will be imposed on those who commit plagiarism.

Disability Support and Accommodation Requirements

JGU endeavors to make all its courses accessible to students. All students with any known
disability needing academic accommodation are required to register with the Disability Support
Committee dsc@jgu.edu.in. The Committee has so far identified the following conditions that
could possibly hinder student’s overall well-being. These include: physical and mobility related
difficulties; visual impairment; hearing impairment; medical conditions; specific learning
difficulties e.g. dyslexia; mental health.
The Disability Support Committee maintains strict confidentiality of its discussions. Students
should preferably register with the Committee during the month of June/January as disability
accommodation requires early planning. DSC will approve of and coordinate all disability related
services such as appointment of academic mentors, arranging infrastructural facilities, and course
related requirements such as special lectures, tutorials and examinations.
All faculty members are requested to refer students with any of the above-mentioned conditions
to the Disability Support Committee for addressing disability-related accommodation
requirements.
Safe Space Pledge
This course may discuss a range of issues and events that might result in distress for some students.
Discussions in the course might also provoke strong emotional responses. To make sure that all
students collectively benefit from the course, and do not feel disturbed due to either the content of
the course or the conduct of the discussions. Therefore, it is incumbent upon all within the
classroom to pledge to maintain respect towards our peers. This does not mean that you need to
feel restrained about what you feel and what you want to say. Conversely, this is about creating a
safe space where everyone can speak and learn without inhibitions and fear. This responsibility
lies not only with students, but also with the instructor.
Class Policies

Plagiarism

Plagiarism, in any form, will be least tolerated. Participants of the course, if found guilty of
plagiarism, will be subject to disciplinary action as per the relevant university policy. To avoid
plagiarism, the instructor recommends the following:

1. Acknowledge by way of a citation whatever is borrowed

2. Put in quotation any sentence in which more than 12 words are in a sequence
3. To the maximum extent possible, paraphrase others ideas and then acknowledge them
through citations
4. Make all borrowings, which are more than 50 words in a sequence, into a block quote

However,
5. Copying lines (more than 12 words in a sequence) or passages from other sources, not
citing them, and writing the name of the source as reference in the end of the paper will be
deemed plagiarism
6. After copying lines in which there are more than 12 words in a sequence and providing a
citation at the end of a line or paragraph will also be deemed plagiarism
7. Copying others assignment, though they are original, will be considered plagiarism

Cell Phones

Use of cell phones is strictly prohibited during the class. In case participants happen to have them
at hand, they shall be kept switched off or in flight mode.

Laptops and Similar Gadgets

Participants can use laptops in the classroom for accessing the reading materials and other
learning-related purposes. However, such gadgets shall in no case be used for purposes other than
learning-related. In no case social networking sites, emails, etc. shall be access in the classroom.

Part V

Reading Materials

For the list of relevant reading/watching materials, see Relevant Readings/Videos provided in and
at the end of weekly course plan.
Keywords for the Syllabus

International Civil Aviation Law, Chicago Convention, Warsaw System, Montreal Convention,
ICAO, Outer Space, Common Heritage of Mankind, Space Applications, Moon, Space Treaties,
Satellites, Coordination Problem, Economic Analysis of Space Law, Dispute Settlement, Remote
Sensing

Course Design and Overview (Weekly Plan)

Week Topic and Description Reading/Reference Materials

1. Air and Space Law: Epistemologies:  Sreejith (2008)
Sequential Histories—Shared concepts  Beebe (1999)
(State Sovereignty, State Responsibility,  Abeyratne (1992)
etc.) Self-contained Regimes—  Haley (1963)
Institutions—Professions—Guilds—  McDougal (1963)
Scholarship.
2. Legal Status of and law relating to  Speciale and Venhuizen (2007)
personnel in air law: Captain, First  Kane and Pyne (1994:1) and (1994: 2)
Officer (Copilot), Flight Engineer, Air  Draft Convention, 1947
Traffic Controller  Chicago Convention, Annex 1 (Personnel
Licensing)
 “Miracle of Hudson Plane Crash”
3. Air Crash Investigations  Article 26 and Annex 13 (Chicago Convention,
1944)
 Aircraft Investigation of Accidents and
Incidents) Rules, 2017
 Air Crash Investigation TWA 800 (Video)
 Bashkirian Airlines Flight 2937 and DHL 2014
(Midair Collision) (Video)
4. Air Safety  Aircraft Security Rules, 2011
Aircraft Hijacking  Tokyo Convention, 1963
 Tokyo Convention Act, 1975
 Indian Airlines 814 (Video)
 ET 961 (Ethiopian Airlines) (Video)
 HUANG (2009)

5. Aviation Terrorism  SWEET (2008)

 Azani et al. (2017)
 MH17 (Video)
 Air India 182 (Video)
 Lockerbie Case

6. ICAO  Milde (2008)

  Sreejith (2018)
 Huang (2009)
 DIEDERIKS-VERSCHOOR

7.  Montreal Convention, 1999

Private International Air Law: The  DIEDERIKS-VERSCHOOR
Warsaw System  Larsen (2002)
8. Private International Air Law: The -DO-
Warsaw System (Continued)
9. Historical Evolution of the Law of Jankowitsch (2015)
Outer Space CHENG (1997)
 Classic Space Law JASENTULIYANA (1992)
 Cold War Era CHRISTOL (1982)
Modernity HALEY (1963)

10. Ideological and Professional History Sreejith (2008)

of Space Law Beebe (1999)
 Soviet Space Law BENKO et al (1985)
 Space Law Profession in the PEPIN (1982)
United States Crane (1962)
 Space Lawyers—Post
Profession
 Space Law under the IISL
 Space Law and the United
Nations

11. Framework of Space Law Sreejith (2008)

 Sources of Space Law— CHENG (1997)
Treaties, Custom, etc. Peterson (1997)
 Instant Customary Law Malanczuk (1994)
 Scholarly Writing as a Source of JASENTULIYANA (1992)
Space Law
 Frontier Disciplines of Space
Law
 Analogies and Space Law

12. Space Law Framework CHENG (1997)

 UN Declaration on Outer Space MANI et al (1994)
Outer Space Treaty, 1967—the CHRISTOL (1982)
Magna Carta of Space Law Andem (2005)
 Torts in Space—Liability Von Der Dunk (1998)
Convention, 1970 Remuss (2011)
 Registration Convention, 1975 JASENTULIYANA & LEE (1979)
 Astronauts Agreement, 1969
  Astronauts as a Subject of
International Law—Envoys of
Mankind

13. Space Law Framework MANI et al (1994)

 Moon Treaty, 1979 CHENG (1997)
 Common Heritage of Mankind CHRISTOL (1982)
Lunar Mining—Legal Prospects (1982)
Christol (1980)
POP (2008)

14. Environmental Elements in Space VIIKARI (2008)

Law CHENG (1997)
Space Debris Gibson (2012)
Space Tourism Jakhu & Bhattacharya (2002)
Tourism, Habitat, etc.

15. Dispute Settlement in Space Law Sreejith & Yugank (2016)

Economic Analysis of Space Law MCDOUGAL & BURKE (1963)
Space Governance
A New World Order for Space

Part V Relevant Readings

Abeyratne, Ruwantissa, The Application of Intellectual Property Rights to Outer Space, 29 J.

Space L. 1 (2003).
Abeyratne, Ruwantissa, The Philosophy of Air Law, 37 AM. J. JURISPRUDENCE 135 (1992).
Abeyratne, Ruwantissa, Air Navigation Law (2012)
Andem, Maurice, The 1997 Outer Space Treaty: A Brief Reflection, UNITED NATIONS/NIGERIA
WORKSHOP ON SPACE LAW, 21-24 November 2005, Abuja, Nigeria, available at
http://www.unoosa.org/pdf/sap/2005/nigeria/presentations/01-05.pdf

Azani, Eitan, et al, Trends in Aviation Terrorism, available at

https://www.ict.org.il/UserFiles/ICT-trends-aviation-terror-aug-16.pdf

Barnet, Todd, United States National Space Policy 2006 & 2010, 23 FLA. J. INT’L L. 277 (2011).
Barton, Law’s Empire and the Final Frontier: Legalizing the Future in the Early Corpus Juris
Spatialis, 108 YALE L. J. 1737 (1999).
BENKO, MARIETTA et al, SPACE LAW IN THE UNITED NATIONS (1985).
Bhat, Sandeepa, Inventions in Outer Space: Need for Reconsideration of the Patent Regime, 36 J.
SPACE L. 1 (2010).
Bhatt S., UNISPACE III Conference for Space Benefits for Humanity in the Twenty First Century,
31 BANARAS L. J. 1(2002)
CHENG, BIN, STUDIES IN INTERNATIONAL SPACE LAW (1997).
Christol, Carl Q., International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects, 74 AM. J. INT’L
L. 346 (1980).
CHRISTOL, CARL Q., MODERN INTERNATIONAL LAW OF OUTER SPACE (1982).
Christol, Carl Q., Moon Treaty Enters into Force, 79 AM. J. INT’L L. 163 (1985).
Crane, Robert D., Soviet Attitude Toward International Space Law, 56 AM. J. INT’L L. 685
(1962).
DIEDERIKS-VERSCHOOR, I.H.PH., INTRODUCTION TO AIR LAW (2006).
GIBSON, DIRK, COMMERCIAL SPACE TOURISM (2012).
Gorove, Stephen, The Geostationary Orbit: Issues of Law and Policy, 73 AM. J. INT’L L. 444
(1979).
HALEY, ANDREW G., SPACE LAW AND GOVERNMENT (1963).
HUANG, JIEFANG, AVIATION SAFETY THROUGH THE RULE OF LAW: ICAO’S MECHANISMS AND
PRACTICES (2009).
Irimies, David, Promoting Space Ventures by Creating and International Space-IPR Framework,
33 EUR. INTELLECTUAL PROP. REV. 35 (2011).
ITO, ATSUYO, LEGAL ASPECTS OF SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING (2011).
Jakhu, Ram & Bhattacharya, Raja, Legal Aspects of Space Tourism in PROCEEDINGS OF THE
FORTY-FOURTH COLLOQUIUM ON THE LAW OF OUTER SPACE 112 (2002).
JASENTULIYANA N. & LEE, ROY S.K., MANUAL ON SPACE LAW VOLUME 1 (1979).
JASENTULIYANA, NANDASIRI, SPACE LAW: DEVELOPMENT AND SCOPE (1992).
Joyner, Christopher C., Legal Implications of the Concept of Common Heritage of Mankind, 35
INT’L & COMP. L. Q. 190 (1986).
Kane, Russel and Pyne, Tony, The Legal Status and Liability of the Copilot, Part I, 19 AIR &
SPACE L. 290 (1994).
Kane, Russel and Pyne, Tony, The Legal Status and Liability of the Copilot, Part II, 20 AIR &
SPACE L. 2 (1994).
Larsen, Irene, Regime of Liability in Private International Air Law, available at
http://law.au.dk/fileadmin/site_files/filer_jura/dokumenter/forskning/rettid/2002/speciale-
20020002.pdf
Lee, Ricky J., Legality of the Deployment of Conventional Weapons in Earth Orbit: balancing
space Law and the Law of Armed Conflict, 18 EUR. J. INT’L L. 873 (2007).
Malanczuk, Peter, Diversity in Secondary Rules and the Unity of International Law: Space Law
as a Branch of International Law, 25 NETHERLANDS Y.B. INT’L L. 143 (1994).
MCDOUGAL, MYERS & BURKE, WILLIAM T., LAW AND PUBLIC ORDER IN SPACE (1963).
McDougall, Walter A., Technocracy and Statecraft in the Space Age, 87 AM. HIST. REV. 1010
(1982).
MILDE, MICHAEL, INTERNATIONAL AIR LAW AND ICAO (2008).
Preliminary Results Criminal Investigation MH17, https://www.om.nl/onderwerpen/mh17-
vliegramp/presentaties/presentation-joint/
Nayebi, Nima, The Geosynchronous Orbit and the Outer Limits of Westphalian Sovereignty, 3
HASTINGS SCI.& TECH. L. J. 471 (2011).
PEPIN, EUGENE, HISTORY OF THE INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SPACE LAW OF THE
INTERNATIONAL ASTRONAUTICAL FEDERATION (1982).
Peter G. Jankowitsch, The Background and History of Space Law, in HANDBOOK OF SPACE LAW
(Franz von Der Dunk, ed., 2015).
PETERSON, M.J., INTERNATIONAL REGIMES FOR THE FINAL FRONTIER (2005).
Peterson, M.J., The Use of Analogies in Developing Space Law, 51 INT’L ORG. 245 (1997).
POP, VIRGILIU, WHO OWNS THE MOON? EXTRATERRESTRIAL ASPECTS OF LAND AND MINERAL
RESOURCES (2008).
QUEENEY, KATHRYN M., DIRECT BROADCASTING SATELLITES AND THE UNITED NATIONS (1978).
Questions of Interpretation and Application of 1971 Montreal Convention Arising from the Ariel
Incident at Lockerbie (Libya v. United Kingdom), 1992 ICJ REPORTS 3.
RECENT TRENDS IN INTERNATIONAL SPACE LAW AND POLICY (Mani, V.S. et al, eds., 1994)
Remuss, Nina-Louisa, Astronauts: From Envoys of Mankind to Combatants, HUMANS IN OUTER
SPACE: INTERDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES 39 (2011).
Speciale, Raymond and Venhuizen Brett, The Pilot in Command and the Fars: The Buck Stop
Here (Almost Always), 83 N. DAKOTA L. REV. 817 (2007), available at
https://law.und.edu/_files/docs/ndlr/pdf/issues/83/3/83ndlr817.pdf
Sreejith S.G. State Sovereignty at Crossroads: The Legality of the Gulf Ban on Qatari Flights, 43
AIR & SPACE L. (2018).
Sreejith S.G., Unmaking a National Space Legislation for India: Indigenizing Space Law through
the Organic Science of Indian Space Program, 83 J. AIR L. & COMMERCE, (2018).
Sreejith, S.G. & Yugank Goel, A Philosophy of Space Law: Sketching a Rational-Choice Model
Alternative, 41 J. SPACE L. 57 (2017).
Sreejith, S.G., International Space Law: A Saga of Mankind’s Lost Aspirations, 2 AALCO Q. Bul.
1 (2006).
Sreejith, S.G., Outer Space Related Intellectual Property Issues: An Odyssey Into TRIPS, 45
INDIAN J. INT’L L. 180 (2005).
Sreejith, S.G., Whither International Law, Thither Space Law: A Discipline in Transition, 46
CAL.W. INT’L L. 427.
SWEET, KATHLEEN, AVIATION AND AIRPORT SECURITY: TERRORISM AND SAFETY CONCERNS
(2008).
Taylor, Michael W., Trashing the Solar System One Planet at a Time: Earth’s Orbital Debris
Problem, 20 GEO. INT’L ENVTL. L. REV. 1 (2007).
TRONCHETTI, FABIO, THE EXPLOITATION OF THE NATURAL RESOURCES OF THE MOON AND OTHER
CELESTIAL BODIES: A PROPOSAL FOR A LEGAL REGIME (2009).
VIIKARI, LOTTA, ENVIRONMENTAL ELEMENT IN SPACE LAW (2008).
Von Der Dunk, Franz G., The 1972 Liability Convention: Enhancing Adherence and Effective
Application, 1998 IISL/ECSL SYMPOSIUM THE REVIEW OF THE STATUS OF THE OUTER SPACE
TREATIES, 23 March 1998, Vienna, available at
http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1049&context=spacelaw
WALDEN, IAN, TELECOMMUNICATIONS LAW AND REGULATIONS (2012).
Widgerow, Davin, Boldly Going Where No Realtor has Gone Before: The Law of Outer space and
a Proposal for a New Interplanetary Property Law System, 28 WIS. INT’L L. J. 490 (2010).
Yun, Zhao, A Legal regime for Space Tourism: Creating Legal Certainty in Outer Space, 74 J.
AIR L. & COM. 959 (2009).
Legal Instruments
Draft Convention on the Legal Status of the Aircraft Commander, 1947, available at
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/bbm%3A978-94-011-9467-9%2F1.pdf (Draft
Convention, 1947)
Convention on International Civil Aviation, 1944 (Chicago Convention, 1944)
Aircraft Security Rules, 2011, available at
http://dgca.nic.in/security/Aircraft(Security)%20Rules,%202011.pdf
Aircraft Investigation of Accidents and Incidents) Rules, 2017, available at
http://dgca.nic.in/accident2012/Aircraft%20_Investigation%20of%20Accident%20and%20
Incident_%20Rules_2017.pdf

Annex 13 (Chicago Convention): Aircraft Accident and Investigation

Convention on Offences and Certain Other Acts Committed Onboard Aircraft, 1963 (Tokyo
Convention, 1963), available at http://dgca.nic.in/int_conv/Chap_XVI.pdf

Tokyo Convention Act, 1975, available at http://www.bcasindia.nic.in/law/acts/tokyo1975.pdf

Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft, 1970 (Hague Hijacking
Convention, 1970), available at https://treaties.un.org/doc/db/Terrorism/Conv2-english.pdf

Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for International Carriage by Air), 1999, available
at https://www.iata.org/policy/Documents/MC99_en.pdf
Videos
Miracle of Hudson River Crash, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5SL1A2d2e7M
Air Crash Investigation TWA 800, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FQqDUR2kQIU
Air Crash Investigation Bashkirian Airlines 2937 and DHL 2014
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZzSzU5udL0
Air Crash Investigation New Series Air India Flight 182,
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dVRnQcCl1rI
Indian Airlines IC814 Hijack, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Z5Gbz6Ay3U
Air Crash Investigation Ocean Landing Part I to Part V (ET961),
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B4uk81uJVHA&list=PL6F99FBAD4D31DDAF