L2. Hyperspectral Image Analysis. Basics 1

Fernando E. Ortega-Ojeda (fernando.ortega@uah.es) – www.Inquifor.
com
Puebla, 27 al 31 de Marzo de 2017
Fernando E. Ortega-Ojeda (fernando.ortega@uah.es), Puebla, 27 al 31 de Marzo de 2017. www.inquifor.com Lesson 2. Hyperspectral Imaging Systems. Basic concepts 1 Slide 2
λ
λ
Multispectral vs. Hyperspectral
A face simultaneously imaged in the:
Visible spectrum Short-wave infrared Mid-wave infrared Long-wave infrared

0.4 – 0.7 µm 1.0 – 3.0 µm 3.0 – 5.0 µm 8.0 - 14.0 µm
SLR camera shooting:
'All Light' Visual (IR/UV Blocked)
Infrared Ultraviolet
Multi- and Hyperspectral imaging, provides a digital image with far more spectral
(colour) information for each pixel than traditional colour cameras.
G
G
B
B
Multi- and Hyperspectral measurements
Benefits:
 All the benefits of vibrational single-point spectroscopy.
 Gaining spatial information → NIR/SWIR/MIR Chemical Imaging devices.
Drawbacks:
 Lightning → Scattering.
 Spatial resolution issues.
 Spectral resolution issues.
Pixel-to-pixel scan. Whisker-broom scan
Line scan. Push-broom scan
Global imaging. Plane scan
Typical HSI system
Compromising values
HSI sensor geometries
HSI sensor geometries
Spatial resolution issues → SURFACE TECHNIQUE
Applications
Applications
Applications
Real-time oxygenation maps
Applications
APPLICATION
● Wheat phenotyping in Switzerland
RESULTS
● Identification and diagnostics of crop traits
BENEFITS
● Non-destructive analysis
● Diagnostics of Stress, Disease, Weeds, Nutrients
Applications
Airplane
Applications
Feature extraction
Segmentation
Matching
Classification
Applications
Feature extraction
Applications
Applications
Applications
Applications
Real-time oxygenation maps
Applications
Contaminants
Applications
Contaminants
Suspect contaminants
Suspect spectral database
Applications
Contaminants
Initial trials
Applications
Contaminants
Spectral isolation
Applications
Contaminants
Applications
Forensics: Gunshot Residues
Applications
Forensics: Biological fluids
Image processing pipeline
HSI is used in Raman, UV, VIS, Infrared, THz, etc.
Image processing
White reference
Sample
Black reference
NIR/SWIR/MWIR normally show broad bands and not really selective peaks.
If one hypercube sample has 81 x 81 pixels, then it has 6561 spectra.

If every spectrum has 476 wavelengths (l).
Therefore, the sample has 6561 * 476 = 3123036 l or data points !!!
81
81
You need MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS !!!
Basic analysis, inspection
Hypercube pre-processing
Hypercube pre-processing
Hypercube processing
Image processing
• IMEC: http://www2.imec.be/be_en/research/image-sensors-and-vision-systems/hyperspectral-
imaging.html
• HYPERTools: http://www.models.life.ku.dk/HYPERTools
• Pre-processing of hyperspectral images. Essential steps before image analysis. M. Vidal, J.M.
Amigo. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems 117 (2012) 138-148.
• Practical Issues of Hyperspectral Imaging Analysis of Solid Dosage Forms. José Manuel Amigo.
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 398:1 (2010) 93-109.
• Golan Levin. ExperimentalCapture. Multispectral & Hyperspectral Imaging:
https://github.com/golanlevin/ExperimentalCapture/blob/master/docs/hyperspectral.md
• Detached Retina. C Face, hyperspectral converted to B&W:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/rshephorse/4279928945
• Resonon: http://www.resonon.com/Products/benchtop_system.html
• Multi- and Megavariate Data Analysis, Principles and Applications. 2nd Ed. 2006.
• The Uncrambler Help. Camo. Norway.
• THE REMOTE SENSING TUTORIAL:
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/EarthSci/people/lidunka/GEOL2014/Geophysics%2010%20-
Remote%20sensing/Remote%20Sensing%20Tutorial%20Overview.htm
• Hyperspectral imaging: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperspectral_imaging
• Photo.net: http://photo.net/beginner-photography-questions-forum/00cHTR
Fernando E. Ortega-Ojeda (fernando.ortega@uah.es) – www.Inquifor.com
Puebla, 27 al 31 de Marzo de 2017

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Fernando E. Ortega-Ojeda (fernando.ortega@uah.es) – www.Inquifor.

Visible spectrum Short-wave infrared Mid-wave infrared Long-wave infrared

'All Light' Visual (IR/UV Blocked)

Line scan. Push-broom scan

Real-time oxygenation maps

Real-time oxygenation maps

If one hypercube sample has 81 x 81 pixels, then it has 6561 spectra.

You need MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS !!!

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