TEST METHOD

D51 3022 / - - B

INTERIOR TRIM MATERIALS

RIGHT-ANGLE PEELING

Normalisation Renault Automobiles

DMI / Service 65810
RENAULT D51 3022 / - - B

This document is to be considered as a whole; the parts of which must not be separated.

© RENAULT 2008.
Reproduction prohibited without the consent of the issuing department.
No circulation permitted without the consent of RENAULT.

DATE OF ISSUE

September 2002 --- This issue originates from draft NC 2001 1033 / - - -.

REVISIONS

October 2007 - - A This issue originates from Draft NC 2007 0767 / - - -.

March 2008 - - B This issue originates from draft NC 2008 0209 / - - -.

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1. SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION

The purpose of this method is to evaluate cohesion by peeling and to characterize the bond between
the rigid fixture and the flexible layer. This method does not apply to the products, the peeling force of
which is more than the tearing force of the complex material.

2. PRINCIPLE

The test measures the force required to cause separation by peeling at an angle of 90°.

3. APPARATUS

3.1. TENSILE MACHINE without inertia, with a displacement speed of 100mm/mn ± 1 mm/mn of
the mobile part. Unless otherwise specified, the machine must be equipped with a recorder
indicating the variation in force as a function of the displacement of the mobile jaw. The
lower jaw must be adapted to the installation attachment for peeling at a right angle
described in the paragraph 3.3 and the upper jaw must allow the tightening of the edges of
the adhesive strip.

3.2. FORCE SENSOR, the sensitivity range of which allows the measurement of forces from 1 N
to 1 000 N. Its choice should be adapted to the peeling forces to be measured taking into
account its resolution

3.3. FIXTURE for right-angle peeling, in conformity with annex 1 and allowing, by adjusting the
movement of the specimen to the movement of the mobile jaw, capable of maintaining a
peeling angle in the vicinity of 90°. Check the upgradation of the movement device and its
perpendicularity with respect to the upper jaw. In the free state it is necessary to ensure that
the movement device of the specimen does not generate an average force greater than 0.5N
and any hard point greater than 2.5N during the whole duration of the test

NOTE: The right angle peeling device described in this method does not ensure that this angle
remains constant if the flexible layer is subjected to a significant extension due to the force
necessary for separation

3.4. CONDITIONING CHAMBER

set to 23 °c ± 2 °c and 50 % ± 5 % relative humidity.

3.5. SPECIMEN CUTTING TOOL

Punch type, or according to the case, saw or scissors.

3.6. A RULER, graduated in millimeters, of length ≥ 200 mm.

3.7. CUTTING TOOLS, cutter or scalpel type for cutting the flexible layer.

3.8. ADHESIVE TAPE reinforced or not, aluminum strip, or all other flexible materials not subject
to elongation under tensile.

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4. CONDITIONING THE PARTS

First, condition all the parts for 48 hours at 23° C ± 2 °C and at 50 % ± 5 % relative humidity.

5. PREPARING THE SPECIMENS

5.1 Parts covered by a textile

- Mark the flat area(s) on the parts. Then, with the cutting tool (3.5.), take 3 lengthwise samples
and 3 widthwise samples of the textile coating, in the dimensions of 200 mm ± 5mm x 70 mm ± 2
mm in the identified area(s) of the part.

- Using ruler (3.6.), in the lengthwise direction of the specimen and on the flexible layer, draw a
strip of width 50 mm ± 1 mm at an equal distance from the specimen according to annex 2.

- Cut the flexible layer along the line drawn with the help of the ruler (3.6.) and the cutting tool (3.7.)
without cutting the rigid fixture.

- Remove the two side strips of the flexible layer. In the case where the parts of the flexible layer
(foam) remain, remove them by gently scrapping with fingers.

- Draw a 1st parallel line at 50 mm ± 1 mm from the end of the specimen, then a 2nd line in parallel
at 130 mm ± 1 mm from 1st line.

- From the end of the specimen, remove with fingers, the strip of the flexible layer up to the 1st line
(see annex 2). In order to facilitate the holding of the strip in the jaw, an adhesive strip can be
added to the underlay of the textile (3.8.)

- NOTE 1: After separating the strip, there shall be no part of the flexible layer on the rigid fixture.
Otherwise, take a new specimen.

5.2 Parts covered with a foam (outside foamed part) or felt with adhesive

- With the help of the cutting tool (3.5.), prepare a plan test support for each specimen with
dimensions 200 mm ± 5mm x 70 mm ± 2 mm in the pieces provided to this effect.

- The fixtures should be cleaned by passing a sheet of lint-free paper soaked in pure heptane, then
wipe to dry with the help of another sheet of lint-free paper. Leave for 5 minutes in air before the
whole application.

- IMPORTANT: The test fixture means, all receiver elements having undergone the manufacturing
range planned for the series part before application of the foam or felt with adhesive.

5.2.1. Case of a adhesive fixture in non woven textile

- Cut with the cutting tool (3.5.) 3 lengthwise specimens and 3 widthwise specimens of
the unwoven textile, in the dimensions of 200 mm ± 5mm x 50 mm ± 2 mm and of a
constant thickness in the complex layer.

5.2.1. Case of an adhesive fixture in plastic film

- Cut with the cutting tool (3.5.) 5 specimens of constant thickness in the dimensions of
200 mm ± 5mm x 50 mm ± 2 mm in the complex layer.

5.3. Application of the adhesive specimen on its fixture

- Remove over 50 mm, the protective film of the adhesive face of the specimen. Then, apply on
this area a film “without elongation” (3.8.), of width corresponding to the specimen and of length
of about 100 mm.

- Remove the complete protective film.

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- Apply the end of the specimen on that of the test fixture, checking that the width of the specimen
is centered with respect to the width of the test fixture. Then with precaution, bond the specimen
exercising a slight tension up to the contact on the whole length of the test fixture.

- Caution: ensure the parallelism of the edges of the specimen with respect to the test fixture (see
principle in annex 2), and no presence of air bubble between the adhesive and the test fixture.

- Ensure with the help of a weight a pressure of 0.02 MPa for 10 to 15 seconds, after having
inserted between the surface of the specimen and the mass, a plane rigid plate guaranteeing a
uniform distribution of the pressure, on the whole surface of the specimen adhesived on the test
fixture.

- Reduce the thickness of the complex in order to ensure a peeling angle close to 90° during the
whole test duration.

- On each strip to be tested, draw 2 reference marks with the help of a ruler (3.6.) the first at 50
mm at the edge of the fixture (corresponding to the limit of the non adhesived area of the
specimen, the second at 130 mm from the 1st reference mark.

- This operation is repeated on all the specimens to be evaluated.

NOTE 2: for the parts not allowing the removal of the specimen in the dimensions prescribed by
default, in this case, adapt the specimens and the fixtures at the available dimensions, at the condition
of ensuring without interruption, a total peeling test length of a minimum of 80 mm and of a minimum
width of 10 mm of the adhesive.

6. OPERATING PROCEDURE

- Before performing the tests, place the test specimens in conditioned room (3.4) for 22h. A
preliminary ageing of the test specimens may be required.

- If necessary, carry out the adjustment of the tensile machine by a preliminary test (3.1)

- Attach the fixture (3.2.) to lower jaw of the machine.

- Attach the free "strip" to the upper jaw of the machine.

- Descend the lower jaw until the strip attached to the upper jaw is subjected

- to a slight tensile (pre-load from 1N to 50mm/mn).

- Reset to zero.

- Run the tensile machine (3.1.) and record the peeling force "F" expressed in Newton according to
the movement of the mobile jaw.

7. STATEMENT OF RESULTS

For each specimen, determine the mean peeling force in Newtons over a length of 100 mm, after
eliminating portions of the force - movement curve (movement on X axis and force on Y axis)
corresponding to the first 25 mm and 5 mm peeled:.

- either by using an integrator device used to smoothen the curve,

- or by searching how to graphically balance (see annex 4) on either side of a line parallel to the X
axis, the outward and inward surfaces.

The intersection of this parallel line with the Y axis indicates the mean value of the peeling force.

Calculate the mean and standard deviation of the resistance values determined on 5 specimens as
per the sampling direction.

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The results are given by the mean peeling force expressed in newtons per centimeter of the product
width. The difference between the minimum value and the maximum value shall be 20% less than the
mean value or any other value defined in the standard document.

Otherwise, specify the range between the maximum and minimum value (%) and the possible reasons
of this dispersion.

Note the type of rupture obtained by referring to annex 4.

8. TEST REPORT

In addition to the results obtained, the test report must indicate:

- the reference of this test method,

- The characteristics of the force sensor (measurement and resolution range),

- the complete references of the product tested, its presentation and the name of the Supplier,

- the type of ageing sustained by the specimens,

- the procedural details not specified in the method together with any incidents that might have
affected the results (example: for the textile or unwoven parts, if one of the sample directions
cannot be evaluated because of insufficient dimensioning).

- In the case of elongation of the flexible layer, take the actual peeling length on the rigid support.

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ANNEX 1

PHOTO EXAMPLE OF FIXTURE

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ANNEX 2

DIAGRAM OF THE SPECIMEN

Nappe souple foamée

Flexible foam layer
Textile, leather, hide
Textile, cuir, peau

Foam

Support rigide
Rigid support

50

EXAMPLE OF COATED TEXTILE SPECIMEN

130 ± 1mm
50 ± 1mm

EXAMPLE OF ADHESIVE FELT SPECIMEN

II

ll

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ANNEX 3

EXAMPLE OF OBTAINED CURVE AND GRAPHIC EVALUATION

OF THE AVERAGE PEELING FORCE

Force in N

Displacement in mm

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ANNEX 4
RUPTURE (BREAK) ASPECTS AND DESIGNATION

Cohesive rupture RC

F
F

Cohesive rupture with peeling RCP

Superficial cohesive ruptures RCS

Adhesive rupture RA

NOTE: When more than one type of rupture occurs, the corresponding percentage of the surface
area must be classified according to the following naming scheme.

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