Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Ozair
Table of Contents
A. ANSYS Solution
Before creating a CAD model of the cantilever, a new material with properties given in the problem
was added to engineering data.
i. Geometry:
The CAD model of the cantilever beam was designed in Design Modeler of ANSYS. A 0.5 mm x
10 mm rectangle was sketched and extruded by 0.2 m.
ii. Mesh:
A fixed support was applied to one side of the beam to replicate cantilever behavior.
iv. Results:
The following results for natural frequencies were obtained:
Table 1: Modal Data
Ozair 5
To check for convergence of results, solutions for total deformations were generated, one for each
mode with a convergence setting of 10 %.
B. Manual Solution
To determine the first three natural frequencies, energy method was used to first determine the
equation relating the dynamic and static behavior of the beam. This relation is given by:
To find the non-trivial solution of the above equation, the following condition was solved using
MATLAB.
Ozair 7
i. MATLAB Program:
A MATLAB program was created to generate global K and M matrices for the cantilever beam
with 500 elements.
ii. Results:
C. Analytic Solution
To find the analytic solution, the natural frequency calculator at
http://www.amesweb.info/Vibration/Vibration-Calculators.aspx
was used. This website uses the following formula to determine accurate values for natural
frequencies.
The results of all three solution methods are consolidated in the tables below:
Table 2: Summary of Modal Data
Owing to the small discrepancies in the results, it can be concluded that all three methods yielded
precise results. The % deviations (assuming analytic solution to be the theoretical solution) are
given in Table 3.
Table 3: % Deviations of Modal Data
% Deviation
Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3
(Hz) (Hz) (Hz)
Ansys 0.1456028 0.406914 0.263049
Manual 0.21355077 0.071443 0.088606
Ozair 10
i. Geometry:
The plane cross section of the 3-D channel was sketched in Design Modeler with dimensions
specified in the problem. Furthermore, a surface body was generated with the 2-D cross-section
sketch. This sketch was then exported to generate the Mesh.
Ozair 11
ii. Mesh:
To replicate the no-slip condition at the boundaries of the channel, inflation method was used to
generate very fine mesh along the boundary edges of the channel. The mesh settings used are
tabulated below:
Relevance 80
Element Size 5e-2 m
Inflation Layers 50
The mesh file was then opened in Fluent for flow analysis.
The vertical red region indicates that maximum velocity is within the straight channel and
relatively small amounts of air enters the branching channel with a very small velocity.
Using the ‘Fluxes’ option in Fluent, the mass flow rates at the inlet and outlets were determined. The fluent
results are shown in Figure 21.
The fraction of mass flow rate for the main channel (outlet – y) was determined to be 0.8943 which
is tabulated below.
The experimental result of 0.89433 kg/s has a % deviation of 0.816281% compared to the reference
value of 0.887 kg/s which indicates that the analysis was considerably accurate.
Ozair 15
References
http://www.amesweb.info/Vibration/Vibration-Calculators.aspx
HAYES, R.E., et al. STEADY LAMINAR FLOW IN A 90 DEGREE PLANAR BRANCH.
ac.els-cdn.com/0045793089900273/1-s2.0-0045793089900273-main.pdf?_tid=ae7e0468-85f8-
4a18-afa5-a06a3b631fec&acdnat=1524076072_ec1e95eaf0084ba15b23249d3d4ec4b2.