TRY OUT UN GUNADARMA 2018

PAKET A

Listening Section

In this section of the test, you will have the chance to show how well you understand spoken English. There are
four parts to this section, with special directions for each part.
Part I Questions 1 to 4
Directions:
In this part of the test, you will hear some dialogues spoken in English. The dialogue will be spoken twice. They
will not be printed in your test book, so you must listen carefully to understand what the speakers are saying.
After you hear a dialogue and the question about it, read the five possible answers and decide which one would
be the best answer to the question you have heard. Now listen to a sample question.
You will hear:
Woman : Hi, Tom! How is your business now? Man: It’s very good. I’ve sold 300 items this week.
Woman : Congratulations! That’s popular business
nowadays
Man: Thanks so much. You will also hear:
Narrator : What is the topic of the conversation? You will read in your test book:
A. The man’s business. B. Thanking someone. C.Selling 300 items.
D. This week’s sales.
E. Popular topic.

The best answer to the question “What are the speakers talking about?” is choice (A). Therefore, you should
answer choice (A)

No 1

A. TOEFL test
B. TOEFL score
C. Congratulating
D. Complimenting
E. Doing the test well
No 2

A. English speech contest.

B. Admiration from his friend.
C. Having lunch with his friend.
D. A check for one million rupiah.
E. A contest with a great deal of money.
No 3
A. Washing the dishes.
B. Reading the papers.
C. Making gado- gado salad.
D. Sitting in the living room
E. Working in the kitchen.

No 4

A. The man does not invite the woman.

B. The woman will accompany her cousin.
C. The man will have a birthday party tomorrow
D. The man and the woman won’t go to the party.
E. The woman has an appointment with her friend

Part II Questions: 5 to 7
Directions:
In this part of the test, you will hear several questions or statements spoken in English followed by four
responses, also spoken in English. The questions and responses will be spoken twice. They will not be printed in
your test book, so you must listen carefully to understand what the speakers are saying. You have to choose the
best response to each question or statement. Now listen to a sample question:
You will hear:
Man : You look uncomfortable.
Woman: yes It’s very hot here.
Man : I’ll switch on the fan for you.
Woman :

You will also hear

A. I will be glad
B. I will be happy
C. Thank you
D. It will be ok
What is the woman’s best response the man statement?
A. The best response to the man statement “I’ll switch on the fan for you” Is “Thank you”, therefore you
should answer choice C.

5. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.

6. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
7. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.

Part III
Questions 8 to 11
Directions:
In this part of the test, you will hear some monologues spoken in English. The monologues will be spoken twice. They will
not be printed in your test book, so you must listen carefully to understand what the speakers are saying. After you listen
to the monologue, look at the five pictures provided in your test book, and decide which one would be the most
suitable with the monologue you have heard.

No 8
the following monologue is for question eight

no 9

A B B

D E

no 10

A B C
D E

The following monologue is for question 11

A flying car is a type of personal air vehicle that provides the door to door transportation by both ground and air. the term
flying car is often used to include roadable aircraft and hoover cars . many prototypes have been built since the beginning
of the twentieth century but no flying car has yet reached the production stage a practical flying car would have to be
capable of taking off and landing safely as well flying within heavily populated urban areas. Today no prototype have been
able to demonstrate such capabilities.

which picture is suitable with the monologue?

A B C

D E

Part IV
Questions 12 to 15
Directions:
In this part of the test you will hear several monologues. Each monologue will be spoken twice. They will not be
printed in your test book, so you must listen carefully to understand
what the speakers are saying. After you hear the monologue and the question about it, read the five possible
answers and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have just heard.

12.

A Bali tourism loss

B Foreign tourists
C Natural disaster
D Mount eruption
E Indonesian tourism
13

A It is difficult to predict when the mount eruption will stop.

B Tourists keep visiting Bali.
C The government does not worry about the mount eruption.
D Bali tourism will be closed.
E The tourism minister will visit Bali.

14.

A The amazing width of Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex

B The speaker’s visited Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex
C The price of ticket at Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex
D Kinds of Apollo at Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex
E The speaker’s feeling while driving around Florida.

15

A He took a space craft

B He saw disabled girls.
C He bought some souvenirs.
D He headed to Apollo or Saturn V Center.
E He saw engineers implementing advanced technology.

This is the end of the listening section

ANNOUNCEMENT
To develop students’ academic writing skill, Science Club will conduct a Workshop on Scientific Paper. The
event will be held:

Day/Date: Saturday, December 16th, 2017

Venue : Audio-Visual Room
Time : 09 AM – 15.00 PM

All members of Science Club is required to come. In case there is a member who fails to come for a reasonable
cause and if there are non members interested to join, please contact NITA (08158030844).

16. What is the main message of the text?

A. Invitation to go to workshop on scientific paper

B. Information to be present at Science Club meeting
C. Information how to be a member of Science Club
D. Invitation to attend workshop on academic writing
E. Invitation to meet members of Science Club

ANNOUNCEMENT
To develop students’ academic writing skill, Science Club will conduct a Workshop on Scientific Paper. The
event will be held:

Day/Date: Saturday, December 16th, 2017

Venue : Audio-Visual Room
Time : 09 AM – 15.00 PM

All members of Science Club is required to come. In case there is a member who fails to come for a reasonable
cause and if there are non members interested to join, please contact NITA (08158030844).

17. We can conclude that after joining the workshop the participants are expected to do better in….

A. conversing to others
B. comprehending a text
C. making a text
D. understanding an oral text
E. writing a fiction text

The text for question number 18 to 19

Mohammad Ikhsan
Jln. Tri Lomba Juang 20
Semarang, Jawa Tengah. 52014
Cell phone: 08158030840
E-mail: mohammadikhsan@yahoo.com

November 3rd, 2017

Dear Mr. Smith,

Thank you for taking the time to talk with me today. I sincerely appreciate the time you spent reviewing my career goals and
recommending strategies for achieving them. Your advice was very helpful and gave me a new perspective on available
opportunities.
I especially appreciate your offer to connect me to others in your network. I plan on following up with the contacts you emailed me
right away. I will also use the online networking resources you recommended to further my job search.
Any additional suggestions you may have would be welcome. I'll update you as my search progresses.
Again, thank you so much for your help. I greatly appreciate the assistance you have provided me.

Best Regards, Mohammad Ikhsan

18. What is the writer’s intent to write the letter?

A. To express his gratitude to Mr. Smith.

B. To compliment Mr. Smith
C. To remember Mr. Smith’s kindness
D. To ask for Mr. Smith’s advice
E. To look for a job

19. What did Mr. Smith do before Ikhsan wrote a letter to him?

A. He hired Ikhsan in his office.

B. He promoted Ikhsan to a higher position.
C. He showed his own website.
D. He did a research with him.
E. He read Ikhsan’s career objectives carefully.

INVITATION
It is stated that porn is as dangerous as narcotics in terms of brain damage. In line with this matter, the Youth
Red Cross is inviting to all members of school society to attend a seminar entitled “The Effects
of Porn Exposure on Our Brain”. It will
be held:

Day/Date : Sunday/January 7th,2018

Time :08:00 AM to 11:00 AM Venue : School Hall
Speaker :Dr. Rachmat Hidayat

Due to the limited seats (100 seats available), the committee will apply First Come, First served policy. Those
who are interested to join, please register to Mita:
08158045784

20. What is the purpose of the writer to write the text?

A. To ask the people who are involved in the school to join the health seminar.
B. To inform there is a seminar about health.
C. To persuade people to hold a health seminar.
D. To tell the danger of porn exposure.
E. To tell the relation between porn exposure and brain damage

21. “Due to the limited seats (100 seats available)…”

What is the closest meaning of the underlined word?

A. Provided
B. Valuable
C. Displayed
D. Exposed
E. Decorated

"Green Green Grass Of Home"

The old hometown looks the same as I step down from the train,
and there to meet me is my Mama and Papa. Down the road I look and there runs Mary hair of gold and lips like
cherries.
It's good to touch the green, green grass of home.

Yes, they'll all come to meet me, arms reaching, smiling sweetly.
It's good to touch the green, green, grass of home. The old house is still standing, tho' the paint is cracked and
dry,
and there's that old oak tree that I used to play on.

Down the lane I walk with my sweet Mary, hair of gold and lips like cherries.
It's good to touch the green, green grass of home. Yes, they'll all come to meet me, arms reaching, smiling
sweetly.
It's good to touch the green, green grass of home.

Then I awake and look around me, at the four grey walls that surround me
and I realize, yes, I was only dreaming.
For there's a guard and there's a sad old padre - arm in arm we'll walk at daybreak.
Again I touch the green, green grass of home.
Yes, they'll all come to see me in the shade of that old oak tree
as they lay me neath the green, green grass of home.

22. What is the topic of the song?

A. Dreaming of going to a hometown
B. Visiting a hometown
C. Meeting a lovely family
D. Living in a country
E. Staying in a jail

23. What problem is introduced in the text?

A. A person who does not have arms
B. A person who is confined in a room
C. A person who lost his family
D. A person who cannot reach his dream
E. A person who rides a train

Green Green Grass Of Home"

The old hometown looks the same as I step down from the train, and there to meet me is my Mama and Papa.
Down the road I look and there runs Mary hair of gold and lips like cherries.
It's good to touch the green, green grass of home.

Yes, they'll all come to meet me, arms reaching, smiling sweetly. It's good to touch the green, green, grass of
home.
The old house is still standing, tho' the paint is cracked and dry, and there's that old oak tree that I used to play
on.

Down the lane I walk with my sweet Mary, hair of gold and lips like cherries.
It's good to touch the green, green grass of home.
Yes, they'll all come to meet me, arms reaching, smiling sweetly. It's good to touch the green, green grass of
home.
Then I awake and look around me, at the four grey walls that surround me
and I realize, yes, I was only dreaming.
For there's a guard and there's a sad old padre - arm in arm we'll walk at daybreak.
Again I touch the green, green grass of home.
Yes, they'll all come to see me in the shade of that old oak tree as they lay me neath the green, green grass of
home.

24. “The old house is still standing, tho' the paint is cracked and dry,”
(The second stanza)

What is the closest meaning of the underlined word?

A. Painted
B. Repaired
C. Damaged
D. Renewed
E. Changed

Fatmawati was born on 5 February 1923 in Bengkulu to Hasan Din and Chadijah. One of her ancestors was a
princess of a Minangkabau kingdom, Sultanate of Inderapura. When she met Sukarno she was a teenager and he
was married to a 53-year-old woman named
Inggit. Unsurprisingly, Sukarno's wife was unwilling
to release her husband but, after two years, Inggit agreed to a divorce. Sukarno rationalised the need for his new
wife by stating his desire to have a child to carry on his name.

In 1943 Fatmawati became the third wife of Sukarno and the following year gave birth to his first child, a son.
Sukarno named his child Guntur meaning thunder. In 1945 she was his wife when Indonesia declared
independence. The flag of the new country was sewn by Fatmawati, and the same flag was flown again every
year until 1967. She was not his first wife, as he had married several times before. However, all his previous
wives had been divorced in accordance with state law. Fatmawati was therefore his only wife at that time.

25. As stated in the text, from what kind of social level did Fatmawati come from?
A. She was a daughter of a nobleman.
B. Her mother was a princess.
C. Her father was a king.
D. She was a princess of Minangkabau Kingdom.
E. Her ancestor was a princess.

26. What would have happened to Fatmawati if Indonesia had not become an independent country in 1945?
A. She would not have sewn a flag.
B. She would not have married Sukarno.
C. She would not have left her parents.
D. She would not have become Sukarno’s third wife.
E. She would have lived with Inggit.

“In 1945 she was his wife when Indonesia declared independence.” (Paragraph 2)

What is the similar meaning of the underlined word?

A. Informed
B. Obtained
C. Proclaimed
 D. Displayed
E. Determined

Ways to Stay Healthy

1. Maintain a Healthy Weight

Keeping your weight in check is often easier said than done, but a few simple tips can help. First off, if you’re
overweight, focus initially on not gaining any more weight. This by itself can improve your health. Then, when
you’re ready, try to take off some extra pounds for an even greater health
boost.
2. Exercise Regularly
Few things are as good for you as regular physical activity. While it can be hard to find the time, it’s important to
fit in at least 30 minutes of activity every day. More is even better, but any amount is better than none.
3. Don’t Smoke
You’ve heard it before: If you smoke, quitting is
absolutely the best thing you can do for your health. Yes, it’s hard, but it’s also far from impossible. More than
1,000 Americans stop for good every day.
4. Eat a Healthy Diet
Despite confusing news reports, the basics of healthy eating are actually quite straightforward. You should focus
on fruits, vegetables and whole grains and keep red meat to a minimum. It’s also important to cut back on bad
fats (saturated and
trans fats) and choose healthy fats
(polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats) more often. Taking a multivitamin with folate every day is a great
nutrition insurance policy.

28. What is the writer’s purpose to write the text?

A. To inform the readers how to keep healthy.
B. To suggest the readers to limit a diet.
C. To make the readers aware of consuming fruits and vegetables.
D. To inform the readers the steps to live longer.
E. To inform the readers the ways to do exercise.

29. In connection with eating a healthy diet, how does the writer recommend?
A. We eat fruits more than vegetables.
B. We’d better eat only fruits and vegetables.
C. We eat a little amount of red meat.
D. We eat fruits, and red meat in a balanced proportion.
E. We are not supposed to eat red meat.

30. …doing exercise is good for health, we should do it regularly.

A. Therefore
B. Although
C. Moreover
D. Since
E. In addition

Taman Sari Water Castle, also known as Taman

Sari , is the site of a former royal garden of the Sultanate of Yogyakarta. It is located about 2 km south within the
grounds of the Kraton, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Built in the mid-18th century, the Taman Sari had multiple
functions, such as a resting area, a workshop, a meditation area, a defense area, and a hiding place.
Formerly Taman Sari consisted of four distinct areas: a large artificial lake with islands and pavilions located in
the west, a bathing complex in the centre, a complex of pavilions and pools in the south, and a smaller lake in the
east. Today only the central bathing complex is well preserved, while the other areas have been largely occupied
by the Kampung Taman settlement.

Taman Sari was built three years after the Giyanti Agreement as a resting place for Sultan Hamengkubuwono I.
The complex consists of about 59 buildings including a mosque, meditation chambers,
swimming pools, and a series of 18 water gardens and pavilions surrounded by artificial lakes. The complex was
effectively used between 1765–1812.

31. What is the writer’s intent to write the text?

A. To describe the functions, previous uses and history of Taman Sari.
B. To expose the beautiful sceneries of Taman Sari.
C. To inform the readers who built Taman Sari.
D. To describe the buildings found in Taman Sari.
E. To inform the readers the historical purpose of Taman Sari.

32. What is the main idea of the second paragraph?

A. The size of Taman Sari
B. The main function of Taman Sari.
C. The beauty of Taman Sari.
D. The remaining part of Taman Sari that still functions.
E. The people who can use Taman Sari.

33. As the site of a former royal garden of the Sultanate of Yogyakarta, …

A. Taman Sari Water Castel is also naming Taman Sari.
B. Taman Sari Water Castel is also named Taman Sari.
C. Taman Sari Water Castel was also being named Taman Sari.
D. Taman Sari Water Castel will also be named Taman Sari.
E. Taman Sari Water Castel also names Taman Sari.

Simultaneous diphtheria immunization following outbreak in Jakarta

Jakarta | Fri, December 8, 2017 | 09:18 pm

A diphtheria outbreak in Jakarta has been getting worse, making it a health emergency, an official said.

There have been 25 diphtheria cases in 2017, claiming two lives, Jakarta Health Agency head Koesmedi Priharto
said on Friday.

The number was higher compared to 2016, in which there were 17 cases and one death.

Generally, a disease outbreak is classified as a health emergency when the infection and mortality rate increases
by two fold.

In response to the report, he said, the administration will hold a program called Outbreak Response
Immunization (ORI) in five municipalities and one regency in the capital.

"If a person in an area is suffering from diphtheria, all people in the area must take part in the ORI," Koesmedi
explained, adding that the ORI, which is set to be held simultaneously
on Dec. 11, is a measure that is usually conducted in an area where a diphtheria patient is found.

He further said the ORI required three injections administered at certain intervals.

The first and second injections are given in the first and second month, while the last one is given six months
later.

"The immunization is actually given to children at the age of two months, four months, six months, two years
and six years. Then, it is continued with an immune booster," he explained.

He then called on all Jakartans to willingly get the vaccine, which will be given for free. (agn)

34. What is the writer’s intent to write the text?

A. To inform the readers about the fight against the disease
B. To inform the readers about the danger of diphtheria
C. To inform the readers how a patient is infected by a diphtheria virus.
D. To inform the readers to have a healthy life.
E. To inform the readers about Out Break Immunization agenda

35. When will ORI be conducted?

A. When there is enough fund
B. When there is a person infected by diphtheria in an area
C. When there is an instruction from jakarta health agency
D. When a great number of residents infected by diphtheria
E. When there is a report about victims caused by diphtheria

36. To complete immunization, the third injection …six months afterwards.

A. had given
B. gives
C. has given
D. is given
E. is giving

Once upon a time, there lived a husband and wife in the jungle of Lawu
Mountain, East Java. They were Kyai Pasir and his wife Nyai Pasir. They lived peacefully. Kyai Pasir was a
farmer. He worked in a field. Nyai Pasir stayed at home. Every day she cleaned up the house and cooked for
them.
It was a beautiful morning. Kyai Pasir left the house and went to his field. While he was walking, he stumbled
upon something. He looked at the thing carefully. It was a big egg!
At home, Kyai Pasir told his wife about the egg. His wife regretted that her husband did not bring the egg home.
On the following days, Kyai Pasir went to the field as usual. He planned
to bring the egg home as his wife's request.
Kyai Pasir was walking carefully. He looked around. And aha! He found the egg. He carefully brought the egg
home.
"Nyai, this is the egg I told you."
"You are right, Kyai. The egg is big. I wonder what animal has this egg." Nyai Pasit did not wait for long to boil
the egg. And when it was done,
they both ate the egg.
They both felt very full. And it made them very sleepy. Not long after that they fell asleep. In the morning Kyai
and Nyai Pasir woke up as usual. Kyai Pasir took a bath then he went to the field.
On the way to the field, he felt his body so uncomfortable. He felt his body itchy. He was screaming in pain. He
was so shocked! he saw his skin changed into scales. Just like scales of reptile. He touched his head. He felt
something was growing on his head. He was completely shocked. A horn was growing. And he also had a tail.
His body was slowly getting bigger. He changed into a dragon!
Meanwhile, at home Nyai Pasir also felt the same.She was screaming. She was running to the field. She wanted
to look for her husband. When she arrived at the field, she saw a dragon was moving his body on the ground.
Slowly Nyai Pasir also changed into a dragon. The two dragons were trying to walk but they were too weak to do
that. They just could move their bodies on the ground. They moved their bodies so heavily and it made a
very big hole. The hole was getting deeper and deeper. Soon water came out of the hole. The water came out
very much. And it made a lake. Since then, people named the lake as Telaga Pasir.

37. Based on the story, how did Telaga Pasir happen?

A. There was a big earthquake.
B. The dragon whose egg taken was got mad.
C. Kyai and Nyai Pasir made a hole for constructing a well.
D. It was a habitat of a dragon.
E. Two instant dragons made spacious opening.

38. “The two dragons were trying to walk but they were too weak to do that.” (Last paragraph)
What does the underlined word refer to?
A. Walking
B. Trying
C. Changing
D. Moving
E. Making

39. How can we compare the second and the third paragraph?
A. The first paragraph told Kyai Pasir’s seeing a big egg; the second paragraph told Nyai Pasir’s
unhappiness due to her husband’s not bringing the egg.
B. The first paragraph told Kyai Pasir’s seeing a big egg; the second paragraph told Nyai Pasir’s madness.
C. The first paragraph told Kyai Pasir’s finding a big egg; the second paragraph told Nyai Pasir’s regret for
not cooking the egg.
D. The first paragraph told Kyai Pasir’s breaking a big egg; the second paragraph told Nyai Pasir’s regret for
what her husband had done.
E. The first paragraph told a dragon’s laying an egg; the second paragraph told Nyai Pasir’s regret for not
seeing that.

40. What lesson can we learn from the story?

A. We must not hate others.
B. We must not be selfish.
C. We must not do something carelessly.
D. We must not be mean.
E. We must not ignore living things

Early humans and lots of tribal cultures have slept on the good old ground for millennia. And they made out
more than okay. Here are five advantages you may not have known about which may—indeed should—get you
racked out on the floor tonight.

First, sleeping on the floor make your body get a stretch. Mattresses actually play havoc with the body's natural
alignment, causing the hips to sink in and the lower back to collapse, much like sitting in a chair, where the body
becomes tight and hunched. This interferes with the capacity of the lungs and you cannot breathe deeply.On the
other hand, it should actually be straightening and lengthening the skeletal system during sleep.

Second, sleeping on the floor makes your hips and shoulders get aligned. A straight wooden floor can realign
your hips and shoulders into more natural, more symmetrical positions. Sore hips, sore shoulders, and pinched
nerves can often be attributed to awkward mattress sleeping. Imbalanced muscles, poor posture, and misaligned
bones can trap and pinch nerves. Misaligned shoulders can strain your neck and back, causing chronic pain, even
headaches.

Third, sleeping on the floor develops bones. Correct posture is very important because during sleep growth
hormone is produced in the pituitary gland and distributed throughout the body. One of its functions is to thicken
and lengthen the bones. So sleeping on a hard surface will align the spine and help the growth hormone travel
through the body unimpeded.

In short, sleeping on the floor is beneficial in terms of making your body get a stretch, causing hips and
shoulders to get aligned and healthy bones. Referring to these advantages, thick mattresses are supposed to be
excluded from budget planning for a new married couple.

41. What is the topic of the text?

A. The importance of straight position during sleeping.
B. The use of floor for a healthy life.
C. The benefits of sleeping on the floor.
D. The drawback of sleeping on a mattress
E. The relation between sleeping on the floor and having a good posture.

42. What is the main idea of the second paragraph?

A. The advantage of sleeping on the floor for body stretch.
B. The advantage of floor for sleeping soundly.
C. The advantage of floor for aligning hips and shoulders.
D. The advantage of floor for preventing hips to sink.
E. The comparison between sleeping on a mattress and sitting on a chair.

43. If a person always sleeps on the floor, how will his body be?
A. It will be slim.
B. It will be tall.
C. It will be curved.
D. It will be upright.
E. It will be muscular.

44. “Sore hips, sore shoulders, and pinched nerves can often be attributed to awkward mattress sleeping.”
(Paragraph 3)
What is the closest meaning of the underlined word?
A. Shown
B. Integrated
C. Connected
D. Proved
E. Supported

45. What is the writer’s intention to write the text?

A. To inform about drug traffics.
B. To inform the cause of drug addiction
C. To inform people who are responsible for drug addiction.
 D. To inform the victims of drug abuse.
E. To inform about drug addiction.

Drug addiction is a chronic, often relapsing brain disease that causes compulsive drug seeking and use, despite
harmful consequences to the drug addict and those around them. Drug addiction is a brain disease because the
abuse of drugs leads to changes in the structure and function of the brain. Although it is true that for most people
the initial decision to take drugs is voluntary, over time the changes in the brain caused by repeated drug abuse
can impair a person's self-control and ability to make sound decisions, and at the same time create an intense
impulse to take drugs.

Long-term drug abuse causes changes in other brain chemical systems and circuits, as well. Brain imaging
studies of drug- addicted individuals show changes in areas of the brain that are critical to judgment, decision-
making, learning and memory, and behavior control. Together, these changes can drive an abuser to seek out and
take drugs compulsively -- in other words, to become addicted to drugs. While these brain changes can
powerfully influence behavior and the impulse to use
drugs, people in the midst of an addiction do not completely lose their ability to exercise judgment and make
decisions; their desire to stop using drugs and pursue treatment hinges on the wish to live sober. As with many
chronic, relapsing disorders, recovery then becomes an active lifelong process.

Drug addiction can be a preventable disease. Research has shown that prevention programs that involve the
family, schools, communities, and the media are effective in reducing drug abuse. Although many events and
cultural factors affect drug abuse trends, when youths perceive drug abuse as harmful, they reduce their drug
taking. It is necessary, therefore, to help youth and the general public to understand the risks of drug abuse and
for teachers, parents, and health care professionals to keep sending the message that drug addiction can be
prevented if a person never abuses drugs.

46. How can we compare the 2nd and the 3rd paragraphs?
A. Both paragraphs tell about the brain damage caused by drug addiction.
B. While the 2nd paragraph tells about changes in other brain chemical systems, the 3rd one tells about the
prevention.
C. Both paragraphs tell how to get rid of drug addiction
D. The 2nd paragraph tells about the damage in other brain chemical systems, the 3rd one tells about
rehabilitation of the users.
E. Both paragraphs tell about the ways how to prevent drug addiction.

47. “…when youths perceive drug abuse as harmful, they reduce their drug taking.” (Paragraph 3)
What is the similar meaning of the underlined word?
A. Perform
B. Recognize
C. Show
D. Resists
E. Discuss

There is almost no other event that could be called as influential as the printing press that Gutenberg invented
around 1440. Before this monumental creation, books were copied by hand.
Laboriously, monks and other men of learning would spend hours and hours through the bright sunlight and
the weak light of an oil lamp to make copies of religious texts, literature, and official documents. It
could take years just to copy one book.
When Gutenberg devised a printing press that could print copy after copy in just a small fraction of time, the
whole world changed dramatically. All of a sudden, everyone could have their own copies of the religious
scriptures. They could read them for themselves. Political pamphlets could be made by the thousands and
influence the masses like never before. Learning was not limited to a select few. It was available for all. Books
were not just for the rich. They could be made for those of lower classes. Gutenberg’s press changed the political
world, the religious world, and the everyday life of man. No more would we lean on a select few to direct us. We
could take it for ourselves.

48. Why does the writer write the text?

A. To tell how Gutenberg invented his printing press.
B. To tell a lot of books had been copied after the invention of printing press.
C. To tell how Gutenberg’s invention changed the world.
D. To tell the value of religious scriptures.
E. To tell how Gutenberg changed his life after he invented a printing press.

49. From the text we can conclude that after Gutenbergn’s invention …to copy a book.
A. it was enjoyable and easier
B. it was nicer and faster
C. it was more valuable and faster
D. it was easier and faster
E. it was enjoyable and faster

50. Formerly, monks used their hands to multiply a religious book; …it spent very much time to do that.
A. as
B. and
C. however
D. since
E. therefore