Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
(Paper presented at the Technical Seminar on the above topic, organized by the
Tamilnadu Electrical Installation Engineers’ Association (‘A’ Grade) at
Coimbatore on March 17, 2007)
&
Introduction:
In today’s power scenario, we are facing a major power crunch. Day by day, the
gap between demand and supply of electric energy is widening. At present, the
difference is about 9%, going up to about 12.8% in the peak period. Bridging
this gap from the supply side is a very difficult and expensive proposition. Also,
limited energy resources, scarcity of capital and high interest costs for the
addition of new generation capacity is leading to the increased cost of electrical
energy in India. The only viable way to handle this crisis, apart from capacity
addition, is the efficient use of available energy, which is possible only by
continuously monitoring and controlling the use of electric energy.
• Gross generation increased more than 100-fold – from 5 billion units per
year to 600 billion units per year in the same period.
• Still, the per capita electricity consumption is one of the lowest in the
world @ 600kWh per annum.
Why Industry?
• A small step in the right direction would help national economy too
• Motors
• Lighting
• HVAC
• Power Quality
With the availability of such a wide variety of instruments for measuring and
monitoring energy, one only has to be judicious in the selection and use of one or
more of the above instruments, to continuously monitor the energy consumption
pattern and take suitable corrective measures if, necessary, for conserving
energy.
Industries consume about 50% of the power generated in the country and
electric motor consumes about 72% of the total electricity used in the industrial
sector. Any inductive equipment like a motor draws, apart from the power
needed for driving the equipment, a power called reactive power for
magnetization of its core and to supply for the magnetic losses. This power is
totally un-warranted. But, due to the inherent nature of the induction machine,
this cannot be avoided too. By suitably compensating for this reactive power, this
could be minimized. And, this is called reactive power management or power
factor improvement measures.
Fixed Compensation
Variable Compensation
• Solutions
Present realities:
• Lack of Awareness
• Purchase Decision Criteria
• Investment in Energy Monitoring & Conserving Equipment normally
assigned a low priority
• Customer interested in price of the machine and not in the energy costs
• There are still many companies that have not implemented simple energy
efficiency initiatives
• Many implemented, but not maintained – savings erode over time
• Initiatives with investment often postponed
• Plant management not evaluated on energy efficiency results
Conclusion:
References: