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Chapter 7

The p-Block Elements

Solutions

SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions (One option is correct)

1. In brown ring test for nitrate ions, brown ring is formed due to complex
(1) [Fe(H2O)6]2+ (2) [Fe(H2O)5NO]2+ (3) [Fe(H2O)5NO]3+ (4) [Fe(H2O)5NO2]2+
Sol. Answer (2)

2. P4O10 when treated with cold water gives


(1) Ortho phosphoric acid (2) Meta phosphoric acid
(3) Pyrophosphoric acid (4) Hypophosphorous acid
Sol. Answer (1)
P4O10 + H2O H3PO4

3. Which of the following trihalides of nitrogen behaves as weakest base?


(1) NF3 (2) NCl3 (3) NBr3 (4) NI3
Sol. Answer (1)
Due to high electronegativity of fluorine.

4. (NH4)2Cr2O7 on heating evolves a gas which is also given by


(1) Heating NH4NO2 (2) Heating NH4NO3 (3) Mg3N2 + H2O (4) NH4Cl
Sol. Answer (1)

(NH4 )2 Cr2O7  N2


NH4NO2  N2

5. N2O4 is a mixed anhydride because it


(1) Is a mixture of N2O3 and N2O5 (2) Decomposes into two oxides of nitrogen
(3) Reacts with water to give nitric acid (4) Reacts with water to form two acids
Sol. Answer (4)
N2O4 + H2O  HNO2 + HNO3

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6. The percentage of p-character in the orbitals forming P–P bonds in P4 is [IIT-JEE-2007]


(1) 25 (2) 33 (3) 50 (4) 75
Sol. Answer (4)
P4, hybridisation of P = sp3
 P character = 75%

7. The reaction of P4 with X leads selectively to P4O6. The X is [IIT-JEE-2009]


(1) Dry O2 (2) A mixture of O2 and N2
(3) Moist O2 (4) O2 in the presence of aqueous NaOH
Sol. Answer (2)

P4  O2  P4 O6
(air)
(78% N2  21% O2 )

8. Extra pure N2 can be obtain by heating [IIT-JEE-2011]


(1) NH3 with CuO (2) NH4NO3 (3) (NH4)2Cr2O7 (4) Ba(N3)2
Sol. Answer (4)

Ba(N3 )2  Ba(s)  3N2 

9. Which ordering of compounds is according to the decreasing order of the oxidation state of nitrogen?
[IIT-JEE-2012]
(1) HNO3, NO, NH4Cl, N2 (2) HNO3, NO, N2, NH4Cl
(3) HNO3, NH4Cl, NO, N2 (4) NO, HNO3, NH4Cl, N2
Sol. Answer (2)

( 5) ( 2) (0) ( 3)


H NO3 , NO, N2 , NH4 Cl

10. Concentrated nitric acid, upon long standing, turns yellow-brown due to the formation of
[JEE(Advanced) 2013]
(1) NO (2) NO2 (3) N2O (4) N2O4
Sol. Answer (2)
Conc. HNO3 slowly decomposes as
4HNO3  4NO2 + 2H2O + O2
It acquires yellow-brown colour due to the formation of NO2.

11. The product formed in the reaction of SOCl2 with white phosphorous is [JEE(Advanced) 2014]
(1) PCl3 (2) SO2Cl2 (3) SCl2 (4) POCl3
Sol. Answer (1)

P4  8SOCl2  4PCl3  4SO2  2S2Cl2


(White)

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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 75
12. Under ambient conditions, the total number of gases released as products in the final step of the reaction
scheme shown below is [JEE(Advanced) 2014]
Complete
Hydrolysis
XeF6 P + Other product
OH–/H2O

Q
Slow disproportionation
in OH–/H2O
Products

(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 3


Sol. Answer (3)

Complete
XeF6 Hydrolysis XeO3 + H2F2

OH–/H2O

HXeO4
Slow disproportionation in OH–/H2O

XeO6–4 + Xe(g) + H2O + O2(g)

13. Which has bleaching action due to reducing property and it is temporary?

(1) H2O2 (2) O3 (3) SO2 (4) Cl2

Sol. Answer (3)

Others has bleaching action due to oxidising property.

14. On reaction of moist SO2 with potassium permangnate, (Acidic) which is correctly observed?

(1) Colour of KMnO4 is decolourised (2) SO2 is oxidised to SO3

(3) MnO4 is reduced to MnO2 (4) All of these

Sol. Answer (1)

SO2  MnO 4  H2O  SO24  H  Mn2

15. S–S bond is present in

(1) H2S2O7 (2) H2S2O8 (3) H2S2O6 (4) H2SO5

Sol. Answer (3)

O O

S S
O O
HO OH

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16. In the reaction

Cu  H2SO4  CuSO4  SO2  H2O


(conc.)

H2SO4 behaves w.r.t. Cu as

(1) Dehydrating agent (2) Oxidising agent (3) An acid (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (2)

17. The order of bond angle of hydrides of chalcogens in decreasing order is


(1) H2Te > H2Se > H2S > H2O (2) H2O > H2S > H2Se > H2Te
(3) H2O > H2Te > H2Se > H2S (4) H2S > H2Se > H2S > H2Te
Sol. Answer (2)
Bond angle decreases down the group

H
18. K 2Cr2O7  SO2   Products

The oxidation state of chromium changes from


(1) +12 to +6 (2) +3 to +6 (3) +6 to +3 (4) +6 to +4
Sol. Answer (3)
Cr2(SO4)3 a green coloured compound is formed.
So oxidation number changes from 6 to 3.

19. A certain compound when burnt gave three oxides. The first and second turned lime water milky but second
formed also form acid in water whose pH = 3 and third element Oxide form aqueous solution of pH = 11. The
elements present in the compound are
(1) C, S, Ca (2) N, S, K (3) C, H, S (4) C, H, Ca
Sol. Answer (1)
CO2, SO2 and CaO.
CO2 and SO2 are acidic.

20. Which of the following gas has highest solubility in water?


(1) NO (2) CO2 (3) SO3 (4) CO
Sol. Answer (3)
Due to higher value of a.

21. Aqueous solution of Na2S2O3 on reaction with Cl2 gives [IIT-JEE-2008]


(1) Na2S4O6 (2) NaHSO4 (3) NaCl (4) NaOH
Sol. Answer (2)

22. Radioactive element of group 17 is


(1) Polonium (2) Francium (3) Astatine (4) Radium
Sol. Answer (3)

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23. Deacon’s process of manufacture of chlorine is represented by the equation
(1) MnO2 + HCl  MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O
(2) KMnO4 + HCl  KCl + MnCl2 + H2O + Cl2
CuCl2
(3) HCl  O 2   Cl2  H2O

(4) NaCl + MnO2 + H2SO4  Cl2 + MnCl2 + NaHSO4 + H2O


Sol. Answer (3)

24. The colour shown by halogen is incorrectly given by


(1) F2 = Yellow (2) Cl2 = Colourless (3) Br2 = Red (4) I2 = Violet
Sol. Answer (2)
Cl2 is greenish yellow.

25. Which is incorrectly given according to order indicated?


(1) F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2 ; Oxidising power
(2) HI > HBr > HCl > HF ; Acidic strength
(3) F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2 ; Bond dissociation enthalpy

(4) HF > HI > HBr > HCl ; Boiling point


Sol. Answer (3)
Bond dissociation enthalpy = Cl2 > Br2 > F2 > I2.

26. Cl2 on reaction with excess of NH3 gives


(1) NH4Cl + N2 (2) NCl3 + HCl (3) NH4Cl only (4) NH4Cl + NCl3
Sol. Answer (1)

27. Cl2 on reaction with cold and dilute NaOH gives NaCl and
(1) NaOCl (2) NaClO3 (3) NaClO4 (4) NaClO2
Sol. Answer (1)
It is disproportionation reaction.

573 K
28. Cl2  F2  A
  
(excess)

Shape of compound A is
(1) Linear (2) Tetrahedral (3) Bent T shape (4) Trigonal bipyramidal
Sol. Answer (3)

A is CIF3 =

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29. The correct order of acidic strength is


(1) HClO4 > HClO3 > HClO2 > HClO (2) HClO3 > HBrO3 > HIO3
(3) H3PO2 > H3PO3 > H3PO4 (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)

30. The one with maximum oxidising power is


(1) Hypochlorous acid (2) Chlorous acid (3) Chloric acid (4) Perchloric acid
Sol. Answer (1)
HClO

31. Total number of F–I–F bond angles which are 90º, present in IF7 is
(1) Zero (2) Two (3) Five (4) Ten
Sol. Answer (4)

F F

I F
F

F
F

32. In general interhalogen compounds are more reactive than halogens, except
(1) F2 (2) Cl2 (3) Br2 (4) I2
Sol. Answer (1)

33. Cl2 is used in preparation of poisonous gases, one of them is mustard gas, which can be represented by the
formula
(1) CHCl3 (2) COCl2
(3) CCl3NO2 (4) ClCH2CH2SCH2CH2Cl
Sol. Answer (4)

34. Anamolous behaviour of fluorine in group 17 is due to


(1) Small size
(2) High electronegativity
(3) Low F–F bond dissociation enthalpy and absence of vacant d orbital
(4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)

35. The colour of I2 is violet because it


(1) Absorbs violet light (2) Does not absorb light
(3) Absorbs yellow and green light (4) Property of I2
Sol. Answer (3)
The colour of I2 is complimentary to the colour of light absorbed.

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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 79
36. The percentage of available chlorine in a commercial sample of bleaching powder is
(1) 12% (2) 35% (3) 58% (4) 85%
Sol. Answer (2)

37. Which of the following forms an 'acid salt' with base?


(1) HCl (2) HBr (3) HI (4) HF
Sol. Answer (4)

38. Which of the following is not present in bleaching powder?


(1) Ca(OCl)2 (2) CaO (3) CaCl2 (4) Ca(OH)2
Sol. Answer (2)
Bleaching powder is Ca(OCl)2 + CaCl2.Ca(OH)2.H2O.

39. Which of the following compound is paramagnetic?


(1) N2O4 (2) ClO2 (3) Cl2O7 (4) N2O
Sol. Answer (2)
ClO2 has unpaired electron.

40. The strongest oxidising agent among the following is


(1) ClO4– (2) BrO4– (3) IO4– (4) ClO3–
Sol. Answer (2)
Based on reduction potential.

41. Noble gases are inert to chemical reactivity. This is due to


(1) Completely filled electronic configuration (2) High ionisation enthalpy
(3) More positive electron gain enthalpy (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)

573 K, 60 70 bar


42. Xe  F 
?
2
(1 : 20)

The compound formed in above reaction is


(1) XeF2 (2) XeF4 (3) XeF6 (4) XeOF2
Sol. Answer (3)

43. Which is mismatched regarding the shape?


(1) XeF4 = Square planar (2) XeOF4 = Square pyramidal
(3) XeF6 = Distorted octahedral (4) XeO3 = Bent T shape
Sol. Answer (4)

XeO3 = pyramidal Xe

O O
O

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44. Structure of XeO2F2 is correctly represented by

F
O
O F

(1) Xe (2) Xe

O F O
F

O
F

Xe
(3) (4) Both (2) & (3)

F
O

Sol. Answer (2)


More electronegative element placed on axial position.

45. Ease of liquefaction of noble gases is correctly represented by


(1) He > Ne > Ar > Kr > Xe (2) Xe > Kr > Ar > Ne > He
(3) Ne > Ar > Kr > Xe > He (4) He = Ne = Ar = Kr = Xe
Sol. Answer (2)
Down the group size and molecular mass increases, hence ease of liquefaction increases.

46. Noble gases are slightly soluble in water, it is due to which type of interactions?
(1) London forces (2) Dipole-dipole interaction
(3) Dipole-induced dipole interaction (4) Ion-dipole interaction
Sol. Answer (3)

47. Which has maximum number of lone pair of electrons present on central atom i.e., xenon?
(1) XeF4 (2) XeO2F2 (3) XeF2 (4) XeOF4
Sol. Answer (3)

+ –
48. A + SbF5    [XeF3] [SbF6]

Compound A is
(1) XeF2 (2) XeF4 (3) XeF6 (4) Both (1) & (2)
Sol. Answer (2)

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SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions (More than one options are correct)
1. Which of the following compounds give ammonia with water?
(1) Mg3N2 (2) AlN (3) CaCN2 (4) Ca(CN)2
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3)
Mg3N2 + 6H2O  3Mg(OH)2 + 2NH3
AlN + 3H2O  Al(OH)3 + NH3

2. Which of the following oxides are amphoteric?


(1) CO (2) SnO2 (3) ZnO (4) BeO
Sol. Answer (2, 3, 4)
SnO2, BeO and ZnO are amphoteric.

3. Which of the following ammonium salt evolves N2 on heating?


(1) (NH4)2SO4 (2) NH4NO2 (3) NH4NO3 (4) (NH4)2Cr2O7
Sol. Answer (2, 4)
(NH4)2Cr2O7 and NH4NO2 produce N2 on heating.

4. Bromine react with NaOH to produce


(1) NaBr and NaBrO3 in hot solution (2) NaBr and NaBrO in cold solution
(3) NaBr and NaBrO in hot solution (4) Only NaBr in cold and NaBrO in hot
Sol. Answer (1, 2)
3Br2 + NaOH NaBrO3 + 5NaBr + H2O
This is disproportionation reaction.

5. Which of the following compounds have same hybridisation?


(1) ClF3 (2) PF5 (3) XeF4 (4) SF4
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 4)
ClF3  sp3d
PF5  sp3d
XeF4  sp3d2
SF4  sp3d

6. Which of the following statement is/are correct regarding halogens?


(1) All halogens form oxyacids
(2) Oxidising power of halogen F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2
(3) Electron affinity of fluorine is highest
(4) All halogens show oxidation states from –1 to +7
Sol. Answer (1, 2)
All halogens form oxyacid
Oxidising power F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2
Electron affinity of Cl is highest.

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7. Which of the following are correctly matched?


(1) HClO < HClO2 < HClO3 < HClO4  Thermal stability
(2) HClO < HClO2 < HClO3 < HClO4  Acid strength
(3) HClO < HClO2 < HClO3 < HClO4  Oxidising power
(4) HI < HCl < HBr < H – F  Acidic strength
Sol. Answer (1, 2)
HClO < HClO2 < HClO3 < HClO4 acidic strength and thermal stability.

8. Which of the following statements are correct statements for H3PO3 and H3PO4 ?
(1) H3PO3 is a dibasic acid (2) H3PO4 is a tribasic acid
(3) H3PO4 is a reducing agent (4) H3PO3 is a reducing agent
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 4)
H3PO3 — Dibasic
H3PO4 — Tribasic
H3PO3 is reducing agent.

9. Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?


(1) Haber's process (NH3) (2) Bayer's process (H2SO4)
(3) Birkeland-Eyde process (HNO3) (4) Solvay process (Na2CO3)
Sol. Answer (1, 3, 4)
Refer text.

10. Which of the following compounds show self ionisation in liquid state?
(1) NO2 (2) ClF3 (3) BrF5 (4) PCl5
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3)
Fact based.

11. Which of the following compound(s) contain(s) N–N bond?


(1) N2O3 (2) N2O5 (3) N3H (4) N2O4
Sol. Answer (1, 3, 4)
In N2O5, no N–N bond is present.

12. Choose the correct statement regarding oxy acids of halogens


(1) F does not form oxy acid (2) HClO4 is stronger acid than HBrO4
(3) All oxy acids are monobasic (4) HClO4 is stronger oxidising agent than HBrO4
Sol. Answer (2, 3)
F form HOF.

13. A solution of colourless salt H on boiling with excess NaOH produces a non-flammable gas. The gas evolution
ceases after sometime. Upon addition of Zn dust to the same solution, the gas evolution restarts. The colourless
salt(s) H is (are) [IIT-JEE-2008]
(1) NH4NO3 (2) NH4NO2 (3) NH4Cl (4) (NH4)2SO4

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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 83
Sol. Answer (1, 2)

All ammonium salt evolves NH3 with NaOH but only NO3 and NO2 ions restarts evolution of NH3 again with
zinc dust.

(A)  NH4NO3  NaOH  NaNO3  NH3  H2O

Zn/NaOH
NaNO3  8[H]   NaOH  NH3  2H2O

(B)  NH4NO2  NaOH  NaNO2  NH3  H2O

Zn/NaOH
NaNO2  6[H]   NaOH  NH3  H2 O

14. The nitrogen oxide(s) that contain(s) N-N bond(s) is(are) [IIT-JEE-2009]
(1) N2O (2) N2O3 (3) N2O4 (4) N2O5
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3)

O O O O
 s N—N N—N
N N—O , ,
O O O


15. The correct statement(s) about O3 is(are) [JEE(Advanced)-2013]


(1) O–O bond lengths are equal (2) Thermal decomposition of O3 is endothermic
(3) O3 is diamagnetic in nature (4) O3 has a bent structure
Sol. Answer (1, 3, 4)

16. The correct statement(s) regarding, (i) HClO, (ii) HClO2, (iii) HClO3 and (iv) HClO4, is(are)
[JEE(Advanced)-2015]
(1) The number of Cl=O bonds in (ii) and (iii) together is two

(2) The number of lone pairs of electrons on Cl in (ii) and (iii) together is three

(3) The hybridization of Cl in (iv) is sp3


(4) Amongst (i) to (iv), the strongest acid is (i)
Sol. Answer (2, 3)
HClO HClO2 HClO3 HClO4

Cl O 0 1 2 3
lone pair on Cl 3 2 1 0
Hybridization sp3 sp3 sp3 sp3
HClO4 is strongest acid

SECTION - C
Linked Comprehension Type Questions

Comprehension-I
Nitrogen forms largest number of oxides in which oxidation state of nitrogen varies from +1 to +5 N2O, NO, N2O3,
N2O4 and N2O5 respectively. The largest number of oxides are formed due to capability of forming stable multiple
bonds by nitrogen with oxygen.

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1. Which of the following oxides is known as anhydride of nitric acid?


(1) N2O5 (2) N2O3 (3) NO (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (1)
N2O5 + H2O  HNO3

2. Which of the following is/are correct statement(s)?


(1) In N2O4 the N – N bond length is longer than the usual N – N single bond distance
(2) NO2 molecule is angular and N — O bond length is intermediate between a single and a double bond
(3) N2O is linear molecule and has small dipole moment
(4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
Due to more repulsion. N–N bond in N2O4 is longer.

3. Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding oxides of nitrogen?


(1) Dinitrogen trioxide dissolves in KOH forming potassium nitrate
(2) Aqueous solution by nitrogen dioxide behave both as a reducing and as an oxidising agent
(3) Nitrous oxide is fairly soluble in cold water and turns blue litmus red
(4) Nitrogen dioxide is soluble in water to form nitric acid only
Sol. Answer (2)
Due to +4 oxidation state.

Comprehension-II
Almost all elements react with oxygen to form oxide. On the basis of their behaviour, oxide are classified as
I. Acidic oxide II. Basic oxide III. Neutral oxide IV. Amphoteric oxide

1. Which of the following oxides is amphoteric?


(1) TiO2 (2) FeO (3) NO2 (4) MgO
Sol. Answer (1)
TiO2 is amphoteric.

2. Choose the correct pair regarding property given in bracket.


(1) MnO < MnO2 (acidic character) (2) BeO < B2O3 (Basic character)
(3) MgO < CaO (Co. No) (4) Na2O < K2O (Lattice energy)
Sol. Answer (1)
B2O3 is more acidic than BeO.

3. Out of following, choose the correct statement


(1) CO2 is more soluble in water than CO
(2) CO is acidic gas
(3) CO is highly toxic because it increases pH of blood
(4) All of these
Sol. Answer (1)

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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 85
Comprehension-III
H2SO4 is considered as king of the acids. It is used in chemical industry on large scale. It is a good dehydrating agent.
It is prepared as
Combustion
S + O2 SO2
Oxidation
H2O H2SO4
H2SO4 H2S2O7 SO3

1. The hybridisation of S in H2SO4 will be


(1) sp3 (2) sp2 (3) sp3d (4) sd3
Sol. Answer (1)
sp3

2. Acidic nature of H2SO4 can be increased by


(1) Heating (2) Adding SO3 (3) Diluting solution (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (2)
H2SO4 + SO3 is termed as oleum.

3. Which of the following metal does not react with dil H2SO4?
(1) Zn (2) Mg (3) Cu (4) Na
Sol. Answer (3)

Comprehension-IV
The noble gases have closed-shell electronic configuration and are monoatomic gases under normal conditions. The
low boiling points of the lighter noble gases are due to weak dispersion forces between the atoms and the absence
of other interatomic interactions.
The direct reaction of xenon with fluorine leads to a series of compounds with oxidation numbers +2, +4 and
+6. XeF4 reacts violently with water to give XeO3. The compounds of xenon exhibit rich stereochemistry and their
geometries can be deduced considering the total number of electron pairs in the valence shell. [IIT-JEE-2007]

1. Argon is used in arc welding because of its


(1) Low reactivity with metal (2) Ability to lower the melting point of metal
(3) Flammability (4) High calorific value
Sol. Answer (1)

2. The structure XeO3 is


(1) Linear (2) Planar (3) Pyramidal (4) T-shaped
Sol. Answer (3)

3. XeF4 and XeF6 are expected to be


(1) Oxidizing (2) Reducing (3) Unreactive (4) Strongly basic
Sol. Answer (1)

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Comprehension-V
There are some deposits of nitrates and phosphates in earth's crust. Nitrates are more soluble in water. Nitrates are
difficult to reduce under the laboratory conditions but microbes do it easily. Ammonia forms large number of complexes
with transition metal ions. Hybridization easily explains the ease of sigma donation capability of NH3 and PH3.
Phosphine is a flammable gas and is prepared from white phosphorus. [IIT-JEE-2008]

1. Among the following, the correct statement is

(1) Phosphates have no biological significance in humans

(2) Between nitrates and phosphates, phosphates are less abundant in earth's crust

(3) Between nitrates and phosphates, nitrates are less abundant in earth's crust

(4) Oxidation of nitrates is possible in soil


Sol. Answer (3)
Since nitrates are more soluble in water.
 nitrates are less abundant in earth’s crust.

2. Among the following, the correct statement is

(1) Between NH3 and PH3, NH3 is a better electron donor because the lone pair of electrons occupies spherical
s orbital and is less directional

(2) Between NH3 and PH3, PH3 is a better electron donor because the lone pair of electrons occupies sp3 orbital
and is more directional

(3) Between NH3 and PH3, NH3 is a better electron donor because the lone pair of electrons occupies sp3 orbital
and is more directional

(4) Between NH3 and PH3, PH3 is a better electron donor because the lone pair of electrons occupies spherical
s orbital and is less directional
Sol. Answer (3)
NH3 is strong Lewis base than PH3 because in NH3, lone pair of electron present in more directional sp3 hybrid
orbital while lone pair of electron in PH3 reside in s orbital which is non-directional.

3. White phosphorus on reaction with NaOH gives PH3 as one of the products. This is a

(1) Dimerization reaction (2) Disproportionation reaction

(3) Condensation reaction (4) Precipitation reaction


Sol. Answer (2)
Oxidation

0 –3 +1
P4 + 3NaOH + 3H2O PH3 + 3NaH2PO2

Reduction

Comprehension-VI
Bleaching powder and bleach solution are produced on a large scale and used in several household products. The
effectiveness of bleach solution is often measured by iodometry. [IIT-JEE-2012]

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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 87
1. 25 mL of household bleach solution was mixed with 30 mL of 0.50 M KI and 10 mL of 4 N acetic acid. In the
titration of the liberated iodine, 48 mL of 0.25 N Na2S2O3 was used to reach the end point. The molarity of the
household bleach solution is
(1) 0.48 M (2) 0.96 M (3) 0.24 M (4) 0.024 M
Sol. Answer (3)
25 × N = 48 × 0.25
48  0.25
N=
25
 N = 0.48 M
0.48
 M  0.24 M
2

2. Bleaching powder contains a salt of an oxoacid as one of its components. The anhydride of that oxoacid is
(1) Cl2O (2) Cl2O7 (3) ClO2 (4) Cl2O6
Sol. Answer (1)
Oxoacid is HOCl. The anhydride of oxoacid is Cl2O.

Comprehension-VII
The reactions of Cl2 gas with cold-dilute and hot-concentrated NaOH in water give sodium salts of two (different) oxoacids
of chlorine, P and Q, respectively. The Cl2 gas reacts with SO2 gas, in presence of charcoal, to give a product R. R
reacts with white phosphorus to give a compound S. On hydrolysis, S gives an oxoacid of phosphorus, T.
[JEE(Advanced) 2013]

1. P and Q, respectively, are the sodium salts of


(1) Hypochlorus and chloric acids (2) Hypochlorus and chlorus acids
(3) Chloric and perchloric acids (4) Chloric and hypochlorus acids
Sol. Answer (1)

Cl2  2NaOH(dil.) 


cold
 NaOCl NaCl  H2O
(P)

hot
3Cl2  6NaOH(conc.)   NaClO3  5NaCl  3H2O
(Q)

(P) and (Q) are salts of HOCl and HClO3 respectively.

2. R, S and T respectively, are


(1) SO2Cl2, PCl5 and H3PO4 (2) SO2Cl2, PCl3 and H3PO3
(3) SOCl2, PCl3 and H3PO2 (4) SOCl2, PCl5 and H3PO4
Sol. Answer (1)
Charcoal
SO2  Cl2 
Catalyst
SO2Cl2
(R)

10SO2Cl2  P4  4PCl5  10SO2


(R) (S)

PCl5  4H2O  H3PO4  5HCl


(S) (T)

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88 The p-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)

SECTION - D
Assertion-Reason Type Questions
1. STATEMENT-1 : All clathrate compounds of noble gases are the compounds in which the molecules of noble
gases are trapped in cavities in the lattice of their compounds.
and
STATEMENT-2 : He and Ne having smaller size donot form clathrate compounds, molecules are small enough
to escape from cavities.
Sol. Answer (1)
Reason is the correct explanation for statement (1).

2. STATEMENT-1 : PCl5 is ionic in solid state.


and
STATEMENT-2 : It exists as [PCl4]+ [PCl6]–.
Sol. Answer (1)
 
PCl5 when solid exist as [PCl4 ] [PCl6 ] .

3. STATEMENT-1 : Bond energy of HI is smaller than that of HBr.


and
STATEMENT-2 : HBr is stronger acid than HI.
Sol. Answer (3)
Due to large bond length, bond energy of HI is less than HBr. But HI is stronger acid than HBr.

4. STATEMENT-1 : NCl3 is hydrolysed by water but NF3 is not hydrolysed.


and
STATEMENT-2 : N does not has vacant orbital for expansion of octet.
Sol. Answer (2)
NCl3 hydrolysis because of presence of d orbital on chlorine while in NF3 neither N nor F have d orbital.

5. STATEMENT-1 : Peroxo mono sulphuric acid has low basicity.


and
STATEMENT-2 : It has one O – O bond.
Sol. Answer (2)
Peroxo mono sulphuric acid has low basicity and it contains one O—O bond.

6. STATEMENT-1 : HF is weaker acid than HCl.


and
STATEMENT-2 : F– has high hydration energy than Cl–.
Sol. Answer (2)
Bond energy of HF is high.

7. STATEMENT-1 : ICl2 is a linear species.


and

STATEMENT-2 : In ICl2 , I is sp hybridised.


Sol. Answer (3)
Hybridisation of iodine is sp3d.

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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 89
8. STATEMENT-1 : NH3 is more basic than NF3.
and
STATEMENT-2 : F is more electronegative than H.
Sol. Answer (1)

9. STATEMENT-1 : H2S is weak diprotic acid.


and
STATEMENT-2 : Salt of aq. Na2S has pH greater than 7.
Sol. Answer (2)

10. STATEMENT-1 : All Noble gases are considered as unreactive.


and
STATEMENT-2 : Down the group, melting and boiling point increases.
Sol. Answer (4)
Xe form some compound with F and O.

11. STATEMENT-1 : NH4NO3 evolves a gas on addition of NaOH.


and
STATEMENT-2 : Same gas is evolved on addition of NaOH on NaNO3 in presence of Cu.
Sol. Answer (2)
Cu/NaOH
NO3–   NH3

12. STATEMENT-1 : O2F2 is an unstable orange yellow coloured solid.


and
STATEMENT-2 : In O2F2, bond order of O – F is less than 1.
Sol. Answer (2)
O–O bond have partial double bond character.

13. STATEMENT-1 : All oxy acid of P are good oxidising agents.


and
STATEMENT-2 : H3PO2 is monobasic.
Sol. Answer (4)
H3PO2 is a good reducing agent.

14. STATEMENT-1 : HBr can be obtained by treating NaBr with H3PO4.


and
STATEMENT-2 : H3PO4 is stronger acid than HBr.
Sol. Answer (3)
HBr is stronger acid than H3PO4.

15. STATEMENT-1 : White P is considered as the elemental state of P.


and
STATEMENT-2 : White P is most stable allotropic state of P.
Sol. Answer (3)
Black P is most stable allotrophe of P.

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90 The p-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)

SECTION - E
Matrix-Match Type Questions

1. Match the following :


Column-I Column-II
(A) Nitric oxide (p) Nitric acid
(B) Nitrogen dioxide (q) Nitrous acid
(C) Nitrogen pentoxide (r) Acidic oxide
(D) Nitrogen trioxide (s) Neutral oxide
Sol. Answer A(s), B(p, q, r), C(p, r), D(q, r)
NO  Neutral oxide
NO2  nitrous acid, nitric acid, acidic oxide
N2O5  nitric acid, acidic oxide
N2O3  nitrous acid, acidic oxide

2. Match the following :


Column-I Column-II (Gas evolved)

(A) NaNO 3  (p) O2

(B) AgNO3  (q) NO2

(C) Mg(NO3)2  (r) SO2

(D) FeSO4  7H2O  (s) SO3
Sol. Answer A(p), B(p, q), C(p, q), D(r, s)
NaNO3 produce on heating O2

AgNO3  O2 and NO2

MgNO3  O2 and NO2

FeSO 4 7H2O  SO2 and SO3

3. Match the following


Column-I Column-II
(A) XeF4 (p) Distorted octahedral
(B) XeF6 (q) Square planar
(C) XeO3 (r) Pyramidal
(D) XeO4 (s) Tetrahedral
Sol. Answer A(q), B(p), C(r), D(s)
XeF4  Distorted octahedral
XeF6  Square planar
XeO3  Pyramidal
XeO4  Tetrahedral

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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 91
4. Match the following compounds given in column I to the properties given in column II
Column I Column II
(A) Solid [PCl5] (p) sp3d2
(B) (SO3)3 (q) Co-ordination number of at least one
atom = 6
(C) Cl2O7 (r) Co-ordination number of at least one
atom = 4
(D) P4O10 (s) d - pbond
(t) On reaction with water gives acid
Sol. Answer A(p, q, r, t), B(r, s, t), C(r, t), D(r, s, t)
Solid PCl5  [PCl4]+ [PCl6]–
(SO3)3  cyclic trimer
O O
O Cl C Cl O
O O
P4O10 contain d-p bond.

5. Match the following compounds given in column I to the properties given in column II
Column I Column II
(A) N2O (p) Contain N–N bond
(B) NO2 (q) Anhydride of acid
(C) NO (r) Paramagnetic
(D) N2O3 (s) Contain 3e– bond
(t) Have tendency to dimerise/condenses
to dimer
Sol. Answer A(p), B(q, r, s, t), C(r, s, t), D(p, q)

N
(A) N  N  O (B) O O


O O
(C) N  O (D) N–N
O

6. Match the following.


Column-I Column-II
(A) Bi3+ (BiO)+ (p) Heat
(B) ( AlO2 )  Al(OH)3 (q) Hydrolysis
(C) SiO 44   Si2O76  (r) Acidification
(D) B4O72– [B(OH)3] (s) Dilution by water
Sol. Answer A(q), B(r), C(p), D(q, r)

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92 The p-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)

7. Match each of the reactions given in Column I with the corresponding product(s) given in Column II.
[IIT-JEE-2009]

Column I Column II

(A) Cu + dil HNO3 (p) NO

(B) Cu + conc HNO3 (q) NO2

(C) Zn + dil HNO3 (r) N2O

(D) Zn + conc HNO3 (s) Cu(NO3)2

(t) Zn(NO3)2

Sol. Answer A(p, s), B(q, s), C(r, t), D(q, t)

3Cu  8HNO3 


 3Cu(NO3 )2  2NO  4H2O
(dil.)

Cu  4HNO3 
 Cu(NO3 )2  2NO2  2H2O
(conc.)

4Zn  10HNO3 


 4Zn(NO3 )2  N2 O  5H2 O
(dil.)

Zn  4HNO3 
 Zn(NO3 )2  2NO2  2H2O
(conc.)

8. All the compounds listed in Column I react with water. Match the result of the respective reactions with the
appropriate options listed in Column II. [IIT-JEE-2010]

Column I Column II

(A) (CH3)2SiCl2 (p) Hydrogen halide formation

(B) XeF4 (q) Redox reaction

(C) Cl2 (r) Reacts with glass

(D) VCl5 (s) Polymerization

(t) Oxygen formation


Sol. Answer : A(p, s), B(p, q, r, t), C(p, q), D(p)

CH3
CH3
Polymerise Si
(A) (CH3)2SiCl2 + H2O Si—OH O O
OH CH3 CH3
n

(B) 6XeF4  12H2 O  4Xe  2XeO3  24HF  3O2


(C) Cl2  H2 O HCl  HOCl
(D) VCl5  H2 O  VOCl3  HCl

Note : Vanadium in (+V) oxidation state from only fluoride. Existence of VCl5 is doubtful.

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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 93
9. The unbalanced chemical reactions given in Column I show missing reagent or condition (?) which are provided
in Column II. Match Column I with Column II. [JEE(Advanced) 2013]
Column I Column II

?  PbSO + O + other product


(A) PbO2 + H2SO4  (p) NO
4 2

?  NaHSO + other product


(B) Na2S2O3 + H2O  (q) I2
4

?  N  other product
(C) N2H4  (r) Warm
2

?  Xe + other product
(D) XeF2  (s) Cl2

Sol. Answer A(r), B(s), C(q), D(p)


Warm
(A) 2PbO2  2H2SO4   2PbSO4  2H2O  O2

(B) Na2S2O3  5H2O  4Cl2  2NaHSO4  8HCl

(C) N2H4  2I2  N2  4HI

(D) XeF2  2NO  Xe  2NOF

SECTION - F
Integer Answer Type Questions
1. How many nitrogen atom(s) is/are sp2 hybridised in hydrazoic acid?
Sol. Answer (2)

H  N  N  N-
 
sp 2 sp2

2. What is the co-ordination number of Xe in mixture of XeF6 and AsF5?


Sol. Answer (5)

XeF6  AsF5   XeF5   AsF6 


 

3. How many N - O bonds are present in product when NH4NO3 is strongly heated (above 300°C)?
Sol. Answer (0)

 300ºC
NH4NO3   N2  H2O  O2

4. What will be the maximum valency of P with Cl?


Sol. Answer (6)
PCl6– exists as anion.
5. How many P – P bonds are present in P4S5?
Sol. Answer (2)
Fact.

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94 The p-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)

excess
6. XeF6  H2O   Pr oduct.

How many hybrid orbitals of Xe will be present in the product?


Sol. Answer (4)
The product formed will be XeO3 which is sp3 hybridised.

7. Among the following, the number of elements showing only one non-zero oxidation state is

O, Cl, F, N, P, Sn, Tl, Na, Ti [IIT-JEE-2010]


Sol. Answer (2)
F will only exhibit –1 oxidation state except zero.
and Na will exhibit +1 oxidation state.

8. Among the following, the number of compounds that can react with PCl5 to give POCl3 is O2, CO2, SO2, H2O,
H2SO4, P4O10. [IIT-JEE-2011]
Sol. Answer (5)
O2, SO2, H2O, H2SO4 and P4O10 convert PCl5 to POCl3.

9. The total number of diprotic acids among the following is [IIT-JEE-2010]

H3PO4 H2SO4 H3PO3 H2CO3 H2S2O7

H3BO3 H3PO2 H2CrO4 H2SO3


Sol. Answer (6)
H2SO4, H3PO3, H2CO3, H2CrO4 and H2SO3 and H2S2O7 will behave as dibasic acid.
10. The total number of lone pairs of electrons in N2O3 is [JEE(Advanced)-2015]
Sol. Answer (8)
..
O
..

.. .. ..
N – N =O
..
O
..
..

Number of lone pair = 8

SECTION - G
Multiple True-False Type Questions

1. STATEMENT-1 : Molten state of IF5 is slightly conducting.

STATEMENT-2 : ICl is more reactive than Cl2.

STATEMENT-3 : In molten state of ClF3, chlorine may possess sp3d2 hybridisation.

(1) F T F (2) TFT (3) TTT (4) FFF


Sol. Answer (3)

IF5  IF4  IF6

ClF3  ClF2  ClF4

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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 95
2. STATEMENT-1 : O3 reacts with KOH and forms a paramagnetic compound.
STATEMENT-2 : KO3 is paramagnetic.
STATEMENT-3 : O2 gives O2– when heated with Na/NH3.
(1) F T F (2) TFT (3) TTT (4) FFF
Sol. Answer (3)
Na/NH
O2 
3
 O2

3. STATEMENT-1 : HNO4 acid never exists.

STATEMENT-2 : H2S2O3 is a thionic acid.

STATEMENT-3 : H2S2O7 contain S–S bond.

(1) T F T (2) FTF (3) FTT (4) FFF

Sol. Answer (2)

Fact.

4. STATEMENT-1 : HBr can be obtained by treating NaBr with H2SO4.

STATEMENT-2 : HBr is good oxidising agent.

STATEMENT-3 : NaBr is soluble in water.

(1) F T T (2) TTT (3) FFT (4) TFT

Sol. Answer (1)

H2SO4 oxidise Br– to Br2.

5. STATEMENT-1 : All halogens are coloured.

STATEMENT-2 : Halogens exist in diatomic gaseous state.

STATEMENT-3 : F2 is more reactive than Cl2.

(1) T T T (2) TFT (3) FTT (4) TFF

Sol. Answer (2)

Fact.

6. STATEMENT-1 : NO2 gas is paramagnetic.

STATEMENT-2 : NO2 is an example of mixed anhydride.

STATEMENT-3 : NO2 has high tendency for dimerisation.

(1) T F T (2) FTT (3) TFF (4) TTT

Sol. Answer (4)

Structure of NO2

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96 The p-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)

7. STATEMENT-1 : PCl5 exists in ionic solid

STATEMENT-2 : PCl5 is a covalent compound.

STATEMENT-3 : All P–Cl bond lengths in PCl5 are equal.

(1) T F F (2) TFT (3) FTT (4) TTF


Sol. Answer (4)
All P–Cl bond length in PCl5 are not equal.

SECTION - H
Aakash Challengers Questions
1. Which of the following halogens can oxidise H2S to S?
(1) Cl2 (2) F2 (3) Br2 (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
All halogen can oxidize S–2 to S.

2. NH3  NaOCl  NH2 – NH2  NH4Cl

To obtain this product in large amount, we should use


(1) Tap water as medium (2) Glue or gelatin in medium
(3) Heavy metal ion in solution (4) By taking NaOCl in excess amount
Sol. Answer (2)
It form complex with remaining metal ion

3. Which of the following oxide does not form dimer?


(1) NO (2) ClO2 (3) NO2 (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (2)
Due to delocalization of electron on chlorine.

4. How many P–O–P bonds are present in P4O6?

(1) 4 (2) 3 (3) 6 (4) 5

Sol. Answer (3)


Structure of P4O6

P
O
O
O
P

P O
P O

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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 97
5. Choose the correct statement regarding ice.
(1) Hexagonal rings are present
(2) In ice, one oxygen is surrounded by four hydrogen atoms
(3) In ice, movement of H+ is faster than water
(4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
Fact.

6. Pure oxygen is colourless gas but liquid and solid O2 is pale blue or blue coloured, this is because
(1) Due to electronic transition triplet to singlet formation is not favourable in gaeous state
(2) Density of gas is less than density of liquid
(3) Singlet state is diamagnetic
(4) Oxygen cannot absorb photon in gaseous state.
Sol. Answer (1)
In gaseous state, electronic transition is forbidden.

7. Choose the correct regarding heating of S.


(1) At 160°C, the S8 rings break and the diradicals so formed polymerise forming long chains of up to a million
atoms
(2) Due to heating viscosity decreases regularly
(3) Due to heating viscosity increases regularly
(4) At 200°C all S8 molecule break up to S2
Sol. Answer (1)
Due to heating viscosity first increase then decrease.

8. In lab, it is not advisable to add water in H2SO4 because


(1) H2SO4 is a strong acid
(2) Mixing of H2SO4 and water evolve heat
(3) Water drops may boil and causing splashing
(4) Water is used as solvent
Sol. Answer (3)
Heat evolve lead to boiling of water drops and causes violent splashing.

9. Choose the correct statement regarding H2SO4


(1) Pure H2SO4 reacts with metal to produce H2 gas
(2) Dilute H2SO4 on heating form azeotropic mixture
(3) Na2S2O3 on treatment with dil H2SO4 solution gives H2S2O3 and Na2SO4
(4) All of these
Sol. Answer (2)

H
Na2 SO3  S  Na2 SO 4

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98 The p-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)

10. In which, degree of hydrolysis is expected to be highest?


(1) Na2S (2) CdS (3) MnS (4) CuS
Sol. Answer (1)
Na2S is soluble.

11. H2O2 has same structure but different angles and bond lengths in liquid and solid state.
This is because of
(1) Symmetry of H2O2 (2) Packing of H2O2
(3) Strength of hydrogen bonding (4) Lone pair repulsions
Sol. Answer (3)
Fact.

12. Choose the correct regarding bond length


(1) CO+ < CO (2) NO+ < NO (3) N2 < N2+ (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
Bond length is inversely proportional to bond order.

13. Br2 gas is of red brown colour and I2 gas is of violet colour. This is because of
(1) Br– is more E.N. than I
(2) Energy difference between two consecutive level is lesser for iodine than bromine
(3) Br has small size than I
(4) I2 has stronger van der Waal's forces than Br2
Sol. Answer (2)
Down the group energy level become closer.

14. Which of the following halides has Cl– as a bridging atom?


(1) BeCl2(solid) (2) Al2Cl6 (liquid) (3) Fe2Cl6 (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
Al2Cl6 and Fe2Cl6 exist in dimer.

15. Addition of which acid gives least exothermic reaction?


(1) HF (2) HCl (3) HBr (4) HI
Sol. Answer (1)
Fact.

16. An aqueous solution containing one mole of HgI2 and two mole of NaI is orange in colour. On addition of excess
NaI the solution becomes colourless. The orange colour reappears on subsequent addition of NaOCl. Explain
with equations.
Sol. A solution containing one mole of HgI2 and two mole of NaI is orange in colour due to the partial solubility of
HgI2. On addition of excess of NaI, the colourless complex Na2HgI4 is formed.
2NaI + HgI2  Na2HgI4
(excess) Nessler’s reagent
The Na2HgI4 on addition of NaOCl, oxidises as
3Na2HgI4 + 2NaOCl + 2H2O  3HgI2 + 2NaCl + 4 NaOH + 2NaI3. Thus, colour of partially soluble HgI2 is
restored.

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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 99
17. Indicate whether the following statements are true or false. Explain your answer in brief.
(i) The decreasing order of electron affinity of F, Cl, Br is F > Cl > Br.
(ii) HBr is stronger acid than HI because of hydrogen bonding.
Sol. (i) False (Cl > F > Br)
(ii) False (HI is stronger acid than HBr because I atom is bigger than Br atom. As a result bond dissociation
energy of H – I is less).

18. Write balanced equations for the reaction of the following compounds with water
(i) CaNCN (ii) NCl3 (iii) XeF4
Sol. (i) CaNCN + 3H2O  CaCO+ 2NH3
(ii) NCl3 + 3H2O  NH3 + 3HOCl
(iii) 2XeF4 + 3H2O  Xe + XeO3 + F2 + 6HF
Explosive

19. Gradual addition of KI solution to Bi(NO3)3 solution initially produces a dark brown precipitate, which dissolves in
excess of KI to give a clear yellow solution. Write chemical equations for the above reactions.
Sol. Bi(NO3)3 undergoes hydrolysis to give HNO3 (oxidising agent) which liberates I2 (dark brown ppt) from KI
solution, Iodine (I2) dissolves in excess of KI to give KI3 (yellow solution).
(a) Bi(NO3)3 + H2O  [Bi(OH)(NO3)2] + HNO3
(b) 6I– + 2NO3– + 8H+  2NO + 4H2O + 3I2
(c) KI + I2  KI3 (Yellow solution)

20. An Inorganic Lewis acid (X) shows the following reactions.


(i) It fumes in moist air
(ii) The intensity of fumes increases when a rod dipped in NH4OH is brought near it.
(iii) An acidic solution of (X) on addition of NH4Cl and NH4OH gives a precipitate which dissolves in NaOH
solution.
(iv) An acidic solution of (X) does not give a precipitate with H2S.
Identify (X) and give chemical equations for the reaction at step (i) to (iii).
Sol. (i) Since the Lewis acid (X) fumes in moist air, the anion of Lewis acid (X) is chloride ion.
(ii) Since the acidic solution of (X) does not give precipitate with H2S, the cation of (X) must belong to Group
III of qualitative analysis i.e., Fe3+, Al3+, Cr3+ etc.
(iii) Since acidic solution of (X) on addition of NH4Cl and NH4OH gives a white ppt which dissolves in NaOH
solution, therefore cation of (X) must be Al3+ . Thus, X = anhydrous AlCl3.
The chemical equations for reactions at steps (i), (ii), (iii) are
(a) AlCl3 + 3H2O  Al(OH)3 + 3HCl (fumes)

(b) HCl  NH4 OH  NH4 Cl  H2O


(White fumes)

(c) AlCl3  3NH4OH  Al(OH)3  3NH4 Cl


(White ppt)

(d) Al(OH)3  NaOH  NaAlO2  2H2O


Sod. Meta aluminate (Soluble)

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100 The p-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)

21. Write balanced equation for reaction of XeF4 with water. Also name the reaction.
3
Sol. 3XeF4 + 6H2O  2Xe + XeO3 + 12HF + O
2 2
It is a disproportionation reaction.

22. Arrange in increasing order of extent of hydrolysis [CCl4, MgCl2, AlCl3, PCl5, SiCl4].
Sol. CCl4 does not undergo hydrolysis since C does not have d orbital. The central atom of all other elements contain
empty d-orbitals and hence undergo hydrolysis. As the oxidation state of the central atom increases from
+2 (in MgCl2) to +3 (in AlCl3) to +4 (in SiCl4) to +5 (in PCl5), the extent of hydrolysis increases accordingly.
Thus, the overall increasing order of extent of hydrolysis follows the order:
CCl4 < MgCl2 < AlCl3 < SiCl4 < PCl5.

23. An aqueous solution containing one mole of HgI2 and two mole of NaI is orange in colour. On addition of excess
NaI the solution becomes colourless. The orange colour reappears on subsequent addition of NaOCl. Explain
with equations.
Sol. A solution containing one mole of HgI2 and two mole of NaI is orange in colour due to the partial solubility of
HgI2. On addition of excess of NaI, the colourless complex Na2HgI4 is formed.
2NaI + HgI2  Na2HgI4
(excess) Nessler’s reagent
The Na2HgI4 on addition of NaOCl, oxidises as
3Na2HgI4 + 2NaOCl + 2H2O  3HgI2 + 2NaCl + 4 NaOH + 2NaI3. Thus, colour of partially soluble HgI2 is
restored.

  

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