Ramu’s Institute Of

Spoken English

Book - 5

Persons
Pronouns
Pronouns & Kinds

Written & Edited By

D.H. Ramu ( Adoni )

Cell : 9390495239

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 Director

D.H. Ramu
(Adoni)

Printed & Published by :

RISE
Ramu’s Institute Of Spoken English ,
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Beside : Apollo Pharmacy ( Medical Stores ),
Kurnool - 518002.
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Pronoun ( düs¡«HêeTeTT )

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Pronoun is a word used instead of a noun.
Pronoun .... nq>± ....
HêeTyê#·ø£eTTq≈£î ã<äT\T>± ñ|üjÓ÷–+#·T |ü<äeTT.
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Nouns \≈£î ã<äT\T>± Pronouns

Rama
n‘·&ÉT , Ç‘·&ÉT
Ravi
Kishore
|ü⁄s¡Twüß\ ù|s¡¢≈£î Äj·Tq , áj·Tq
David
Basha
ã<äT\T>± He

Seeta lish
Geeta g
Ád”Ô\ ù|s¡¢≈£î En ÄyÓT , áyÓT
ken 95239She
Lakshmi
Devi ã<äpTo\T>±
Kamala
u S 904
Ram : 9 3
l l
Dog
Bat
CeÿfÒ .... edüTÔe⁄≈£î ( ˝Ò<ë ) n~ , Ç~
ˇø£
T.V. ˇø£ÿfÒ ...... »+‘·Te⁄≈£î
Apple
ã<äT\T>± It
Cat

ˇø£ÿ{ÏøÏ $T+∫ yês¡T , Ms¡T

Rama & Seeta
Boys , Girls n$ , Ç$
Cats , Dogs me«]¬øH’ ê ..düsπ
Books , Pens
They

Nouns \≈£î ã<äT\T>± ñ|üjÓ÷–+#·T |ü<äy˚T ... Pronouns

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Persons ( e´≈£îÔ\T )

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Ç+^¢wt Á>±eTsY˝À á Persons( |s¡‡Hé‡ ) e´≈£îÔ\ >∑T]+∫ ne>±Vü≤q ˇø£ $<ë´]úøÏ ‘·|üŒìdü]>± ñ+&Ü* ....
Ç+^¢wt Á>±eTsY˝À .... Ç+^¢wt yêø±´\≈£î dü+uÛÑ+~+∫ .... e´≈£îÔ\T 3 ( eTT>∑TZs¡T )
yÓTT<ä{Ï e´øÏÔ ........ ¬s+&Ée e´øÏÔ ........ eT÷&Ée e´øÏÔ
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1st Person .... 2 nd Person .... 3rd Person

1st Person (yÓTT<ä{Ï e´øÏÔ ) ...... me]øÏ yêπs .... yÓTT<ä{Ï e´øÏÔ .... e÷{≤¢&ÉT yê&˚ yÓTT<ä{Ï e´øÏÔ
1st Person - Singular ( I - H˚qT )
1st Persons (yÓTT<ä{Ï e´≈£îÔ\T ) me]øÏ yêπs ..yÓTT<ä{Ï e´≈£îÔ\T ..e÷{≤¢&ÉT yês¡T yÓTT<ä{Ï e´≈£îÔ\T
1st Person - Plural ( We - y˚TeTT ( #ê˝≤ eT+~ ãVüQe#·qeTT )

is h
l ¬s+&Ée e´øÏÔ )
2nd Person (¬s+&Ée e´øÏÔ ) .... yÓTT<ä{Ï e´øÏÔøÏ m<äTs¡Tn >±g ñqïyê&˚
n E..... ¬s+&Ée e´øÏ9Ô
o k e
yÓTT<ä{Ï e´øÏÔ e÷≥\qT $+≥Tqïyê&˚
5 2 3
2nd Person - Singular
S p ( You - ˙e⁄9
0 4 ( ˇø£ÿ&˚ ñ+fÒ )
m u 3 9
2nd PersonsR
a 9
(¬s+&Ée e´≈£îlÔ\lT ) :.. yÓTT<ä{Ï e´øÏøÔ Ï m<äTs¡T>± ñqïyês¡T s¬ +&Ée e´≈£î\Ô T )
Ce $+≥Tqïyês¡T ( #ê˝≤ eT+~ ..... ¬s+&Ée e´≈£îÔ\T )
yÓTT<ä{Ï e´øÏÔ e÷≥\qT
2nd Person - Plural ( You - MTs¡T ( ãVüQe#·qeTT\T )
3rd Person (eT÷&Ée e´øÏÔ ) .... yÓTT<ä{Ï e´≈£îÔ\T
eT]j·TT ¬s+&Ée e´≈£îÔ\T
me«] >∑T]+∫ e÷{≤¢&ÉT‘·÷ ñ+{≤s√ .... yêπs ..... eT÷&Ée e´≈£îÔ\T ( Ç‘·s¡T\T )
3rd Person - Singulars ( @ø£e#·qeTT\T )
( He , She , It , this , That , Rama , Seeta , Boy , Girl......etc
( n‘·&ÉT , Ç‘·&ÉT , ÄyÓT ,áyÓT , n~ , Ç~ , sêeTT , d”‘· , nu≤“sTT , ne÷àsTT.... )

3rd Person - Plurals ( ãVüQe#·qeTT\T )

( They , These , Those , Boys , Girls ......etc
( yês¡T , Ms¡T , n$ , Ç$ , nu≤“sTT\T , ne÷àsTT\T .... )
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Persons --- Table
Persons Singular Plurals
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I I H˚qT We y˚TeTT
II You ˙e⁄ You MTs¡T
He ( n‘·&ÉT , Ç‘·&ÉT ) They ( yês¡T , Ms¡T )
III She ( ÄyÓT , áyÓT ) They ( yês¡T , Ms¡T )
It ( n~ , Ç~ ) They ( n$
l i s h
, Ç$ )
This ( Ç~ ` <ä>∑Zs¡ ) n g
These ( Ç$` <ä>∑Zs¡ )
That ( n~ ` <ä÷s¡eTT )en EThose(3n$9` <ä÷s¡eTT )
Rama ( sêeTT&É p o Tk) 9 5
Rama2 and Seeta
Seeta u S( d”‘·) 904( sêeTT&ÉT   d”‘· )
Ra m
Boy ( nu≤“ :
s TT9)
3 Boys ( nu≤“sTT\T )
Girl e( l l
neֈsTT ) Girls ( neֈsTT\T )
C
Pen ( ô|qTï ) Pens ( ô|qTï\T )
Book ( |ü⁄düÔø£eTT ) Books ( |ü⁄düÔø±\T )
Cat ( |æ*¢ ) CatsS ( |æ\T¢\T )
Rat ( m\Tø£ ) Rats ( m\Tø£\T )
Lion ( dæ+Vü≤eTT ) Lions ( dæ+Vü≤eTT\T )
Tiger ( |ü⁄* ) Tigers ( |ü⁄\T\T )
Bus ( ãdüT‡ ) Buses ( ãdüT‡\T )
Car ( ø±s¡T ) Cars ( ø±s¡T ¢)
Train ( ¬s’\T ) Trains ( ¬s’fi¯ófl )
Aeroplane ( $e÷q+ ) Aeroplanes ( $e÷Hê\T )

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Find the persons of the Following words

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1. Raja 3rd person Singular 51. Keys
2. He 3rd person Singular 52. Mouses
3. Sangeetha 3rd person Singular 53. Paper
4. Mohan 3rd person Singular 54. Those
5. Buses 55. They
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6. Cars. 56. I
7. Lorries Ç˝≤π> MTπs 57. We
8. Rats 58. Rani
9. The sun kı+‘·+>± 59. Sreedhar
10. The stars 60. Blood
11. Murali sêj·T+&ç 61. Moon
12. Kiran |üø£ÿq 62. Sun
13. Stars 63. Father
14. Cows Äq‡s¡¢qT 64. My father
15. Knives 65. Your sisters
16. wife #·÷&É+&ç 66. His cousins
17. Computer 67. Their temple
18. Sreedhar 68. Our House
19. A and B
li sh
69. Their knowledge
20. Zebra
21. Kavitha
En g 70. His Idea
71. Our school
22. Oxen
23. Men
k en 2 3 9
72. Their hostel
73. My wife
24. Woman
25. Lady p o
S 904 95 74. Your teaching
75. His work
26. Jack and Jill
m u 3
76. Her maintainance
27. Hill
28. Mountains
Ra l : 9 77. Her performance
78. Our juniors
29. Simla
30. Cities
Cel 79. His weakness
80. Today
31. Rubber 81. Last days
32. Ball 82. Sound
33. Bells 83. Books
34. Love 84. Doors
35. Officer 85. Bucket
36. Carpenter 86. Lock
37. Jhony 87. Charger
38. Screw 88. T.V.
39. I 89. C.Ds
40. We 90. Boys
41. You 91. Children
42. They 92. Music
43. These 93. Scissors
44. Soil 94. Time
45. Water 95. Diamond
46. Stones 96. Gold
47. Internet 97. Silver
48. Wire 98. Clothes
49. Question 99. Power
50. Answers. 100. Cell phones

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Check the answers

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1. Raja 3rd person singular 51. Keys 3rd person plural
2. He 3rd person singular 52. Mouses 3rd person plural
3. Sangeetha 3rd person singular 53. Paper 3rd person singular
4. Mohan 3rd person singular 54. Those 3rd person plural
5. Buses 3rd person plural 55. They 3rd person plural
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6. Cars. 3rd person plural 56. I 1st person singular

7. Lorries 3rd person plural 57. We 1st person plural
8. Rats 3rd person plural 58. Rani 3rd person singular
9. The sun 3rd person singular 59. Sreedhar 3rd person singular
10. The stars 3rd person plural 60. Blood 3rd person singular
11. Murali 3rd person singular 61. Moon 3rd person singular
12. Kiran 3rd person singular 62. Sun 3rd person singular
13. Stars 3rd person plural 63. Father 3rd person singular
14. Cows 3rd person plural 64. My father 3rd person singular
15. Knives 3rd person plural 65. Your sisters 3rd person plural
16. wife 3rd person singular 66. His cousins 3rd person plural
17. Computer 3rd person singular 67. Their temple 3rd person singular
18. Sreedhar 3rd person singular 68. Our House 3rd person singular
19. A and B 3rd person plural
li sh
69. Their knowledge 3rd person singular
3rd person singular
20. Zebra
21. Kavitha
3rd person singular
n
3rd person singular
E g 70. His Idea
71. Our school 3rd person singular
3rd person singular
22. Oxen
23. Men
k n
3rd person plural
e
3rd person plural
2 3 9
72. Their hostel
73. My wife 3rd person singular
24. Woman
25. Lady p o
S 904 95
3rd person singular
3rd person singular
74. Your teaching
75. His work
3rd person singular
3rd person singular
26. Jack and Jill
u
3rd person plural
m 3
76. Her maintainance 3rd person singular
27. Hill
28. Mountains
Ra : 9
3rd person singular
3rd person plural
l
77. Her performance
78. Our juniors
3rd person singular
3rd person plural
29. Simla
30. Cities
Cel
3rd person singular
3rd person plural
79. His weakness
80. Today
81. Last days
3rd person singular
3rd person singular
3rd person plural
31. Rubber 3rd person singular
32. Ball 3rd person singular 82. Sound 3rd person singular
33. Bells 3rd person plural 83. Books 3rd person plural
34. Love 3rd person singular 84. Doors 3rd person plural
35. Officer 3rd person singular 85. Bucket 3rd person singular
36. Carpenter 3rd person singular 86. Lock 3rd person singular
37. Jhony 3rd person singular 87. Charger 3rd person singular
38. Screw 3rd person singular 88. T.V. 3rd person singular
1st person singular 89. C.Ds 3rd person plural
39. I
1st person plural 90. Boys 3rd person plural
40. We
2nd person plural 91. Children 3rd person plural
41. You
3rd person plural 92. Music 3rd person singular
42. They
3rd person plural 93. Scissors 3rd person plural
43. These
3rd person singular 94. Time 3rd person singular
44. Soil
3rd person singular 95. Diamond 3rd person singular
45. Water
3rd person plural 96. Gold 3rd person singular
46. Stones
3rd person singular 97. Silver 3rd person singular
47. Internet
3rd person singular 98. Clothes 3rd person plural
48. Wire
99. Power 3rd person singular
49. Question 3rd person singular
100. Cell phones 3rd person plural
50. Answers. 3rd person plurals

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The Most Important Pronouns ( Persons )

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á |ü<ë\qT MT H√{ÏøÏ e#˚Ã+‘· es¡≈£î ø£+sƒ¡düúeTT #˚j·T+&ç

H˚qT I Hê~ My
y˚TeTT
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We e÷~ Our
˙e⁄ You
˙~ Your
MTs¡T You
MT~ Yours
n‘·&ÉT ( Ç‘·&ÉT ) He
ÄyÓT ( áyÓT ) She n‘·&ç~ , Ç‘·&ç~ His
n~ ( Ç~ ) It ÄyÓT~ , áyÓT~ Her
n~ ( <ä÷s¡+ ) That <ëì~ , Bì~ Its
Ç~ ( <ä>∑Zs¡ ) This yê{Ï~ , M{Ï~ lishTheir
n$ ( <ä÷s¡+) They ( those ) n g
Ç$ ( <ä>∑Zs¡) They ( these ) en E
yê{Ï$ , M{Ï$ Their

kyê]$ , M]$ 2 39Their

yês¡T ( Ms¡T ) They po 95
u S 904
am 93
R Mell : H˚y˚THy˚˚ ....T ....Hêe÷n+‘·n+‘·≈£î ≈H˚£îHy˚˚ ...Ty˚T...
qqTï My-self

eTeTà*ï Ce Us
Our-selves
˙y˚ ....... ˙ n+‘·≈£î ˙y˚ ... Your-self
MTπs ... MT n+‘·≈£î MTπs..... Your-selves
ìqTï You
n‘·&˚ ...... n‘·&É+‘·≈£î n‘·&˚ Him-self
$TeTà*ï You Ç‘·&˚ .... Ç‘·&É+‘·≈£î Ç‘·&˚ .... Him-self
Äy˚T .... ÄyÓT+‘·≈£î Äy˚T..... Her-self
n‘·ìï , Ç‘·ìï Him áy˚T .... áyÓT+‘·≈£î áy˚T... Her-self
ÄyÓTì , áyÓTì Her n<˚ .... <ëHÓ+‘·≈£î n<˚ ..... It-self
Ç<˚ .... BHÓ+‘·≈£î Ç<˚ ..... It-self
<ëìì , Bìì It ny˚ .... yê≥+‘·≈£î ny˚ ...... Them-selves
Çy˚ .... M≥+‘·≈£î Çy˚ ...... Them-selves
yê{Ïì , M{Ïì Them
yêπs ....yês¡+‘·≈£î yêπs ...... Them-selves
yê]ì , M]ì Them Mπs .... Ms¡+‘·≈£î Mπs ......... Them-selves

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10 Kinds of Pronouns
Ç+^¢wt˝À düs¡«HêeTeTT\qT 10 s¡ø±\T>± $uÛÑõ+#ês¡T.
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1. Personal Pronouns. 1. |üs¡‡q˝Ÿ ÁbıHÍHé‡.

2. Demonstrative Pronouns. 2. &Óe÷HéÁùdº{Ïyé ÁbıHÍHé‡.

3. Relative Pronouns. 3. ]˝Ò{Ïyé ÁbıHÍHé‡.

is h
4. Ç+≥sê¬>n{Ïg yé ÁblıHÍHé‡.
4. Interrogative Pronouns.
n E 9
k e 2
o 5. ]ô|ò¢ø4χyé9ÁbıHÍHé
5 ‡. 3
5. Reflexive Pronouns. Sp
m u 3 9 0
R a : 9
6. Indefinite Pronouns.ll 6. Ç+&Óô|òHÓ{Ÿ ÁbıHÍHé‡.
C e
7. Distributive Pronouns. 7. &çdtÁ{Ïã÷´{Ïyé ÁbıHÍHé‡.

8. Possesive Pronouns. 8. bıôddæyé ÁbıHÍHé‡

9. Reciprocal Pronouns. 9. ¬sdæÁb˛ø£˝Ÿ ÁbıHÍHé‡

10. Impersonal Pronouns. 10. Ç+|üs¡‡q˝Ÿ ÁbıHÍHé‡.

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1. Personal - Pronouns
eTqTwüß´\≈£î dü+ã+~Û+∫q Pronouns \qT Personal - Pronouns nì #Ó|üŒe#·Tà ...
n$ 3 s¡ø±\T>± ñqï$ ....
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1. First -Person ... 2. Second - Person 3. Third - Person

1. First -Person ... H˚qT ... Hê≈£î .... dü+u+~Û+∫q |ü<ë\T ...
e÷{≤¢&˚ e´øÏÔøÏ dü+ã+~Û+∫q .... düs¡«HêeTeTT\T ... ñ<ë ..
I - H˚qT
We - y˚TeTT ( eTqeTT )
Me - qqTï , Hê≈£î
Us - eTeTTà\qT , eTeTà*ï
My , Mine - Hê jÓTTø£ÿ , Hê~
Our , Ours - e÷ jÓTTø£ÿ , e÷~
l is h
E n g
2. Second -Person ... ˙e⁄ ...MTs¡T .... m<äT{Ïe
k n dü+uÛÑ+~Û2+∫q39|ü<ë\T ...
yê]øÏ
S 904 o
¬s+&Ée e´≈£îÔ \≈£î ... m<äT{Ïyê]øÏ .. dü+pã+~Û+∫q .... düs¡«9 5
HêeTeTT\T ... ñ<ë ..
You - ˙e⁄ , MTs¡T
m u 3
You - ìqTï , $TeTà*a
R ï
l : 9
Your - ˙~ , ˙ jÓTTø£ÿ
C e l
Yours - MT~ ... MT jÓTTø£ÿ

3. Third -Person ... n‘·&TÉ ... ÄyÓT ... n~ ....yês¡T ... y˚s
π yê]øÏ dü+uÛ+Ñ ~Û+∫q |ü<ë\T ...
eT÷&Ée e´≈£îÔ\≈£î ... dü+ã+~Û+∫q .... düs¡«HêeTeTT\T ... ñ<ë ..
He - n‘·&ÉT , Ç‘·&ÉT .... She - ÄyÓT , áyÓT It - n~ , Ç~ They - yês¡T , Ms¡T

Him - n‘·ìï , Ç‘·ìï Her - ÄyÓTì , áyÓTì It - <ëìì , Bìì Them - yê]ì , M]ì

His - n‘·ì~ , Ç‘·ì~ Her - ÄyÓT~ , áyÓT~ It’s - <ëì~ , Bì~ Their - yê]~ , M]~

His ` n‘·ì jÓTTø£ÿ Her `ÄyÓT jÓTTø£ÿ It’s` <ëì jÓTTø£ÿ Their` yê] jÓTTø£ÿ

Ç‘·ì jÓTTø£ÿ áyÓT jÓTTø£ÿ Bì jÓTTø£ÿ M] jÓTTø£ÿ

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2. Demonstrative - Pronouns

Demonstrative n+fÒ ... düŒwüº+>± #·÷|æ+#·T nì ns¡ú+

edüTÔe⁄\qT ... e´≈£îÔ\qT #·÷|æ+#·&ÜìøÏ ñ|üjÓ÷–+#˚ Pronouns düs¡«HêeTeTT\qT
Demonstrative - Pronouns nì #Ó|üŒe#·Tà ...
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Ç$ eTTK´+>± 6 |ü<ë\T>± ñHêïsTT ....

This , That , These , Those , Such , So

eTq≈£î <ä>∑Zs¡>± ... n+<äTu≤≥T˝À ... eTq≈£î <ä>∑Zs¡>± ... n+<äTu≤≥T˝À ...ñqï
ñqï ˇπø edüTÔe⁄qT #·÷|ædü÷Ô #Ó|üŒ&ÜìøÏ #ê˝≤ edüTÔe⁄\qT #·÷|ædü÷Ô #Ó|üŒ&ÜìøÏ
Ç~
This - These - Ç$
This is a pen. Ç~ ˇø£ ô|qTï. isÇ$hô|qTï\T.
These are pens.
g l
n . Ç$ Hê |ü⁄düøÔ e£ TT\T
This is my book . Ç~ Hê |ü⁄düÔø£eTT These
n E
are my books
9
k e 2 3
eTq≈£î <ä÷s¡+>± ... ñqï<ëììS ... po 4 9
eTq≈£î 5
<ä÷s¡+>± ... ñqï
... #Óu
ˇπø edüTÔe⁄qT #·÷|ædaü÷Ôm |üŒ&ÜìøÏ 93 90edüTÔe⁄qT #·÷|ædü÷Ô ... #Ó|üŒ&ÜìøÏ
#ê˝≤
R- n~ ll : Those - n$
That
e
That is a pen. n~C ˇø£ ô|qTï. Those are pens. n$ ô|qTï\T.
That is my book . n~ Hê |ü⁄düÔø£eTT Those are my books . n$ Hê |ü⁄düÔø£eTT\T.

ø=ìï dü+<Ûäsꓤ\˝À ø=+<ä]ì ø=ìï dü+<Ûäsꓤ\˝À ø=+<ä]ì

#·÷|ædü÷Ô ... #Ó|üŒ&ÜìøÏ #·÷|ædü÷Ô ... #Ó|üŒ&ÜìøÏ
Such - n˝≤+{Ï So - n˝≤+{Ï
I never saw such a person. I never think so ...
n˝≤+{Ï e´øÏÔì H˚HÓqï&É÷ #·÷&É˝Ò<äT . n˝≤ H˚HÓ|ü⁄Œ&ÉT Ä˝À∫+#·qT ...
Such persons are dangerous . I hope you do so...
n˝≤+{Ï e´≈£îÔ\T #ê˝≤ Á|üe÷<Ûäø£s¡eTT. ˙e⁄ n˝≤ #˚kÕÔe⁄ nì Ä•düT‘·HêïqT.

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3. Relative - Pronouns

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Relative n+fÒ ... ªª dü+ã+<ÛäeTT µµ nì ns¡ú+ ...
¬s+&ÉT yêø±´\qT ø£\T|ü⁄‘·÷ eTT+<äTqï HêeTyê#·ø£eTT\≈£î nqTe⁄>± ì\ã&ç ñ+&˚
Pronouns düs¡«HêeTeTT\H˚ ... Relative - Pronouns nì #Ó|üŒe#·Tà ...
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Ç$ eTTK´+>± 7 |ü<ë\T>± ñHêïsTT ....

Who , Which , whose , Whom , that , as , but
The person + who stood there is my old teacher.
Noun ˇø£ e´øÏÔ + me¬s’‘˚ ... nø£ÿ&É ì\ã&ܶ&√ n‘·&ÉT e÷ bÕ‘· {°#·s¡T. Who
+
Who The girl + who saved you is my sister. me¬s’‘˚ ...
ˇø£ ne÷àsTT + me¬s’‘˚ ... ìqTï s¡øÏå+∫+<√ ... ÄyÓT Hê #Ó˝…¢\T.
The book + which I saw is Raju’s
Noun
+
ˇø£ |ü⁄düÔø£eTT + @<Ó’‘˚ ... H˚qT #·÷XÊH√ n~ sêE~.
l shWhich
i @<Ó’‘˚
Which The call + which I got is from my father.
ˇø£ ø±˝Ÿ + @<Ó’‘˚ Hê≈£î e∫Ã+<√ ... n~ e÷ Hêqï >±] E qT+&çn
.
g
....k eÔ nÇ‘·&˚ 5239Whose
This is the person + whose daughter I married.
me] ≈£L‘·T]ï H˚qT ô|[¢#˚düT≈£îHêïH√o Ä e´øÏ
Noun
+ S p 049
Whose u .... Ä e´øÏÔ n‘·3&˚.9
That is the person + whose house I bought.
me] Ç+{ÏHÓ’‘˚ m me]<Ó’‘˚
R a l:9
H˚qT ø=HêïH√

ø£l*XÊyÓ÷ Ä e´øÏÔ áj·TH˚ .

This is the man + whom we met in the train.
Noun
+ C e
eTq+ me]HÓ’‘˚ ¬s’fi¯ó˝À Whom
Whom That is the old man + whom the police arrested.
me]HÓ’‘˚ b˛©düT\T n¬sdtº #˚dæ ñ+&çs√ Ä eTTdü*yê&ÉT n‘·&˚.
me]HÓ’‘˚
The cooker + that I bought here is not working.
Noun @<Ó’‘˚ H˚qT Çø£ÿ&É ø=HêïH√ Ä ≈£îø£ÿsY |üì#˚j·TfÒ¢<äT. That
+
That The school + that I studied in is the best.
<˚ì˝ÀHÓ’‘˚ H˚qT #·~yêH√ n<˚ ã&ç #ê˝≤ eT+∫~.
@<Ó’‘˚
It was not a nice place + as I expected.
Noun H˚qqTø=qï≥Tº Ä düú\eTT n+‘·>± u≤>√˝Ò<äT. as
+
as I went to that place + as you directed.
˙e⁄ m˝≤ <ë]ì #ÓbÕŒy√ n˝≤π> Ä düú˝≤ìøÏ yÓfi≤flqT.
m˝≤¬>’‘˚
There is no amount + but they went outside.
Noun &ÉãT“\T ˝Òø£b˛sTTq ø±˙... yês¡T ãj·T{ÏøÏ yÓfi≤fls¡T. but
+
but There is no rose + but has a thom.
nø£ÿ&É s√C≤ |ü⁄e⁄« ˝Ò<äT ø±˙ ... ˇø£ eTTfi¯ófl ñ+~.
ø±˙
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4. Interrogative - Pronouns
Interrogative n+fÒ ... ªª Á|üXÊïs¡úø£eTT
µµ nì ns¡ú+ ...
Á|üX¯ï\qT n&ÉT>∑T≥≈£î ñ|üjÓ÷–+#·T Pronouns düs¡«HêeTeTT\qT
Interrogative - Pronouns nì #Ó|üŒe#·Tà ...
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Ç$ eTTK´+>± 5 |ü<ë\T>± ñHêïsTT ....

Who , Whom , Whose ,Which & What

Who is your father ?

MT Hêqï >±s¡T mes¡T ? Who
Who
mes¡T Who broke this pen ?
á ô|qTïqT mes¡T $s¡ø={≤ºs¡T ?
mes¡T
li sh
Whom do you punish ?
E g
n Whom
Whom ˙e⁄ me]ì •øÏåkÕÔe⁄ ?
k en 2 3 9
me]ì p o 4 95 me]ì
bÕs¡TS
Whom did they kill ?
yês¡T me]ì #·+u
m
?
39 0
R a l : 9
Whose C l
Whose pen is this ?
á |ô qTï me]~ ?e Whose
me]~ Whose house is that ? me]~
Ä Ç\T¢ me]~ ?

Which is your book ?

Which
MT |ü⁄düÔø£eTT @~ ?
Which
@~ Which do you like ?
<˚ìì ˙e⁄ Çwüº|ü&É‘êe⁄ ? @~

What do you want ?

What ˙≈£î @$T ø±yê* ? What
@$T{Ï What is in your hand ? @$T{Ï
˙ #˚‹˝À @$T ñ+~ ?

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5. Reflexive - Pronouns

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@ø£ e#·qeTT˝À ñqï Personal Pronouns \≈£î “ self ” nì #˚s¡Ã&ÉeTT#˚‘·qT
ãVüQ e#·qeTT˝À ñqï Personal Pronouns \≈£î “ selves ” nì #˚s¡Ã&ÉeTT#˚‘·qT
Reflexive - Pronouns \T>± n>∑TqT....
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Personal Pronoun ( Singular ) + self = Reflexive Pronoun

Personal Pronouns ( plural ) + selves = Reflexive Pronoun

I earned this amount myself.

my á &ÉãT“qT H˚H˚ dü+bÕ~+#·T≈£îHêïqT. myself
+
I got this job myself. Hê n+‘·≈£î H˚H˚
Self á ñ<Û√´>±ìï H˚H˚ ‘Ó#·TÃ≈£îHêïqT.
him
He went out himself.
li sh
+
n‘·&ÉT n‘·q+‘·≈£î n‘·H˚ ãj·T{ÏøÏ yÓ[flb˛j·÷&ÉT.
Raju married himself. E g himself
n n‘·q+‘·≈î£ n‘·&˚
Self sêE ‘·q+‘·≈£î ‘êH˚ ô|[fl#˚düTø=Hêï&ÉT. n
k e 2 3 9
her She came here herself.
ÄyÓT ‘·q+‘·≈£î ‘êH˚ Çø£S ÿ&çp
o 495 herself
+
m u øÏ e∫Ã+~.
3 90 ÄyÓT+‘·≈£î ÄyÓTH˚
Self ÄyÓRT ÄyÓaT+‘·≈î£ ÄyÓTH˚ e+≥:e+&ç
She cooked herself.

l 9 +~.
it ≈£îø£ÿ meTTø£C
e l
The dog ate the bone itself.
qT <ëq+‘·ø£<˚ ‹H˚dæ+~ . itself
+ <ëq+‘·≈£î n<˚
The fan stopped itself.
Self bòÕ´qT n<ä+‘·≈£î n<˚ Ä–b˛sTT+~.
We will study ourselves.
Our y˚TeTT e÷ n+‘·≈£î y˚Ty˚T #·<äTe⁄‘êeTT. our selves
+
Selves We can go ourselves. e÷ n+‘·≈î£ y˚Ty˚T
y˚TeTT e÷ n+‘·≈£î y˚Ty˚T yÓfi¯fl>∑\eTT.
your You are scolding yourself.
˙ n+‘·≈£î ˙y˚ ‹≥Tºø=+≥THêïe⁄. your self
+ ˙ n+‘·≈£î ˙y˚
self (or) your selves
Selves You are suffering yourselves.
MT n+‘·≈£î MTπs u≤<Ûä|ü&ÉT‘·THêïs¡T. MT n+‘·≈£î MTπs
They are talking themselves.
them yês¡+‘·≈î£ yêπs e÷{≤¢&TÉ ø=+≥THêïs¡T. them selves
+
Selves They are playing themselves. yês¡+‘·≈£î yêπs
yês¡+‘·≈î£ yêπs Ä{≤¢&TÉ ‘·THêïs¡T.

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6. Indefinite - Pronouns

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Indefinite n+fÒ ... ªªK∫Ñ·+>± ˝Òì~ ` K∫Ñ·eTT ø±ì~ µµ nì ns¡ú+ ...
@ eTqTwüß´\ jÓTTø£ÿ ˝Òø£ edüTÔe⁄\ jÓTTø£ÿ e#·qeTT\qT
düŒwüº+>± #Ó|üŒã&É˝Ò<√ n≥Te+{Ï Pronouns düs¡«HêeTeTT\qT
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Indefinite - Pronouns \T>± #Ó|üŒe#·Tà ....

Ç˝≤+{Ï düs¡«HêeTeTT\≈£î dü+ã+~Û+∫q eTTK´yÓTÆq |ü<ë\T

Somebody ø=+‘· eT+~ ( K∫Ñ·+>± .... düŒwüº+>± #Ó|üŒã&É˝Ò<äT )

Anybody me«¬s’Hê ( K∫Ñ·+>± .... düŒwüº+>± #Ó|üŒã&É˝Ò<äT )
Someone mes√ ˇø£s¡T ( K∫Ñ·+>± .... düŒwüº+>± #Ó|üŒg
h
ã&Él˝iÒ<säT )
E n
anyone me«¬s’Hê ˇø£s¡T ( K∫Ñ·+k >±e ....n üŒã&É3˝9
düŒwüº+>± #Ó|2 Ò<äT )
S p o 4 9 5
anything ê ... (uK∫Ñ·+>± .... dü3Œwü9º+>±0#Ó|üŒã&É˝Ò<äT )
@<Ó’Hm
R a l:9
something @<√ ø=+‘·e....l
C ( K∫Ñ·+>± .... düŒwüº+>± #Ó|üŒã&É˝Ò<äT )
other y˚πs ( K∫Ñ·+>± .... düŒwüº+>± #Ó|üŒã&É˝Ò<äT )
others y˚πs yêfi¯ófl ( K∫Ñ·+>± .... düŒwüº+>± #Ó|üŒã&É˝Ò<äT )
another y˚πs ( K∫Ñ·+>± .... düŒwüº+>± #Ó|üŒã&É˝Ò<äT )
nobody me«s¡÷ ˝Òs¡T ( K∫Ñ·+>± .... düŒwüº+>± #Ó|üŒã&É˝Ò<äT )
nothing @MT ˝Ò<äT ( K∫Ñ·+>± .... düŒwüº+>± #Ó|üŒã&É˝Ò<äT )
anyone @<Ó’Hê ˇø£ÿ{Ï , me¬s’Hê ˇø£s¡T ( K∫Ñ·+>± .... düŒwüº+>± #Ó|üŒã&É˝Ò<äT )

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7. Distributive - Pronouns
Distributive Pronouns are so called because they refer to Persons or things
considered individually , that is one at a time and not collectively .
ˇø=ø£ÿ düeTj·TeTT˝À ˇø=ÿø£ÿì>±H˚ |ü]>∑DÏ+#·ã&ÉT e´≈£îÔ\qT >±ì , edüTÔe⁄\qT >±˙
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dü÷∫+#·T yê{Ïì
Distributive - Pronouns \T>± #Ó|üŒe#·Tà ....
Ç˝≤+{Ï düs¡«HêeTeTT\≈£î dü+ã+~Û+∫q eTTK´yÓTÆq |ü<ë\T
Each , Either , Neither , Everybody

Each ` Á|ü‹ ˇø£ÿs¡T .... ˇø£ÿs¡T

Each of the boys is given a pen .

l ish
g
n q~
u≤\Ts¡˝À Á|ü‹ ˇø£ÿ]ø° ( ˇø=ø£ÿ u≤\T&çøÏ ) ˇø£ ô|qTïEÇe«ã&ç
Either ` @ ˇø£ÿ¬s’Hê ... @ ˇø£ÿf…ÆHê ok en 2 3 9
S 904p 9 5
Either of the girls willu 3
a m win.
Rÿ¬s’Hê ¬>\TkÕÔlls¡T .: 9
u≤*ø£\˝À @ ˇø£
C e
Neither ` @ ˇø£ÿs¡÷

Neither of them helps us.

yê]˝À @ ˇø£ÿs¡÷ e÷≈£î düVü‰j·TeTT #Ój·T´s¡T .

Everybody ` Á|ü‹ ˇø£ÿs¡T

Everybody has his own problems.

Á|ü‹ ˇø£ÿ]øÏ ‘·eT kı+‘· düeTdü´\T ñ+{≤sTT .

Please Distributive - Pronouns \T m|üŒ{Ϭø’Hê ... @ø£e#·qeTT˝ÀH˚ ...ñ+{≤sTT.
Note ø±ã{Ϻ ... @ø£e#·qeTT˝Àì ÁøÏj·T\H˚ yê&Ée˝…qT

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8. Possessive - Pronouns

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Possess n+fÒ ... ªª #Ó+~q ` #Ó+~q≥Te+{Ï µµ nì ns¡ú+
me]~ .... me] jÓTTø£ÿ nH˚ Á|üX¯ï\≈£î eTq+ Ç#˚à düs¡«HêeT düe÷<Ûëqy˚T
Possessive - Pronouns \T>± #Ó|üŒe#·Tà ....
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Ç˝≤+{Ï düs¡«HêeTeTT\≈£î dü+ã+~Û+∫q eTTK´yÓTÆq |ü<ë\T

my......... Hê jÓTTø£ÿ mine......... Hê~
our........ e÷ jÓTTø£ÿ ours........ e÷~ , eTq~
your....... ˙ jÓTTø£ÿ yours....... ˙~ , MT~
his........ n‘·&ç jÓTTø£ÿ his........ n‘·&~ç
her........ ÄyÓT jÓTTø£ÿ her........ ÄyÓT~
its.......... <ëìjÓTTø£ÿ its.......... <ëì~
their..... yê] jÓTTø£ÿ yê]~
l i s h
their.....

eTTK´yÓTÆq $wüj·TeTT ... E n g

k e n 2 3 9
p
Possesive case ˝À ñ+&˚ ... Pronouns
S 904 o 9
.... Adjectives 5 \≈£î düe÷qeTT ....
ø±ì yê{Ï˝À ... minea,m u 3
R l : 9
hers , ours , yours ... nqTq$

Adjectives \T>± Nounse l

C \T>± rdüTø=qã&Ée⁄ ... ø±ã{Ϻ ... yê{Ïì
Possesive Pronouns .... nì #Ó|üŒe#·Tà ... ø±düÔ á yêø±´\qT >∑eTì+#·+&ç ...

Possesive - Adjectives Possesive - Pronouns

That is my pen . n~ Hê ô|qTï . That pen is mine . Ä ô|qTï Hê~.
Çø£ÿ&É my nH˚ |ü<äeTT ... ô|qTï nH˚ Noun >∑T]+∫ Çø£ÿ&É mine ... nH˚ |ü<äeTT
$ùw+>± e÷{≤¢&ÉT‘√+~... ô|qTï >∑T]+∫ #Ó|æŒq≥Tº+~... Hê~ nì &Ó’¬sø˘º >± ‘Ó*j·TCÒk˛Ô+~ ..
ø±ã{Ϻ Çø£ÿ&É my ...ˇø£ Possesive adjective...... ø±ã{Ϻ Çø£ÿ&É mine ˇø£ Possesive Pronoun.
That is their house . n~ yê] Ç\T¢ . That house is theirs. Ä Ç\T¢ yê]~.
Çø£ÿ&É their ...ˇø£ Possesive adjective...... Çø£ÿ&É their ˇø£ Possesive Pronoun.

Adjectives nH˚ {≤|æø˘ ˝À M{Ï >∑T]+∫ Ç+ø± $wüj·÷\T ‘Ó\TdüT≈£î+<ë+ ... düπsHê ...

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9. Reciprocal - Pronouns

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Reciprocal - Pronoun denotes a mutual action.
It expresses a mutual or reciprocal relationship.
|üs¡düŒs¡eTT ... ˇø£]ø=ø£s¡T ø£*dæ ˇø£ |üì #˚j·TT#·Tqï≥Tº ‘Ó*ù| |ü<ë\H˚
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Reciprocal - Pronouns \T>± #Ó|üŒe#·Tà ....

Ç$ eTTK´+>± 2 |ü<ë\T>± ñHêïsTT ....
Each other -ˇø£]‘√ ˇø£s¡T
One another - ˇø£]ø=ø£s¡T

Each other ` ˇø£]‘√ ˇø£s¡T

l is h
Raja and Ravi fought with each other.
E n g
n &Üs¡T . 239
sêC≤ eT]j·TT s¡$ ˇø£]‘√ ˇø£s¡T ( ø£*dæk)eø={≤¢
p o 9 5
4 other.
Gopal and his brother didS 0
u 9
this work with
3
each

>√bÕ˝Ÿ eT]j·R am
TT n‘· :
&ç ‘·eTTà&ÉT ˇø£
l ]9‘√ ˇø£s¡T ( ø£*dæ ) á |üìì #˚XÊs¡T.
e l
C with each other.
Geeta and Rani helped

^‘· eT]j·TT sêDÏ ˇø£]‘√ ˇø£s¡T ( ø£*dæ ) düVü‰j·TeTT #˚düTø=Hêïs¡T.

One another ` ˇø£]ø=ø£s¡T ( ˇø£]H=ø£s¡T )
Raja and Ravi fought one onether.

sêC≤ eT]j·TT s¡$ ˇø£]H=ø£s¡T ( ø£*dæ ) ø={≤¢&ÉT≈£îHêïs¡T.

Gopal and his brother did this work one onether.

>√bÕ˝Ÿ eT]j·TT n‘·&ç ‘·eTTà&ÉT ˇø£]H=ø£s¡T ( ø£*dæ ) á |üìì #˚düTø=Hêïs¡T.

Geeta and Rani helped one onether.

^‘· eT]j·TT sêDÏ ˇø£]H=ø£s¡T ( ø£*dæ ) düVü‰j·T|ü&ܶs¡T.

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10. Impersonal - Pronouns

yê‘êes¡DeTT >∑T]+∫ ø±˙ .... düeTj·÷ìï >∑T]+∫ ø±˙ .... #Ó|ü⁄Œq|ü⁄Œ&ÉT

“It”
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Impersonal - Pronoun qT ñ|üjÓ÷–kÕÔs¡T ....

Time ` düeTj·÷ìï #Óù|Œ≥T|ü⁄Œ&ÉT

Now , It is six o’clock.......... Ç|ü⁄Œ&ÉT 6 >∑+≥\T nsTT´+~ ...

Now , It is my turn................ Ç|ü⁄Œ&ÉT Hê e+‘·T .

i s h
ô|’ yêø±´\˝À “It” ˇø£ Impersonal - Pronoun
E n gl of Time...
k e n DeTT2>∑T]+∫
` yê‘êes¡ 3 9#Ó|ù Œ≥T|ü⁄Œ&ÉT
Atmosphere or about the weather
p o
S yê‘êes¡ 9 5
4 ≈£L˝Ÿ >± ñ+~ .
u
It is very cool today.......
m
ás√E
3 9 0
DeTT#ê˝≤
a
Rtoday. ..... lás√E
It is very hot
l 9
: yê‘êes¡DeTT#ê˝≤ y˚&ç>± ñ+~ .
ô|’ yêø±´\˝À “It” C ˇø£eImpersonal - Pronoun of weather.
‘·s¡Tyê‘· e#˚à HêeTyê#·ø£eTT\≈£î >±˙ ... düs¡«HêeTeTT\≈£î ø±˙ ...
ˇ‹Ô #Ó|ü⁄Œ≥≈£î “It” nH˚ düs¡«HêeTeTTqT ñ|üjÓ÷–+#·e#·Tà ....
Ç˝≤+{Ï dü+<Ûäsꓤ\˝À .... “It” nH˚ düs¡«HêeTeTTqT
n˙ï e#·qeTT\≈£î ... n˙ï *+>∑eTT\≈£î ... n+<ä] eTqTwüß´\≈£î
≈£L&Ü ... ñ|üj÷Ó –+#·e#·TÃ ....
It is I who wanted it . n~ ø±yê*‡+~ Hêπø ...
It is they who bougtht it . n~ ø=qï~ yêπs ...
It is Ravi who encouraged me . qqTï Áb˛‘·‡Væ≤+∫+~ s¡$H˚ ....

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li sh
En g
k en 2 3 9
p o
S 904 95
m u 3
Ra l : 9
Cel

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