ORAL COMMUNICATION

The word communication is derived from the Latin terms cum munis [to make common]
and communicare [to share]. Hence, communication is defined as the exchange of
information, thoughts, ideas, feeling and the like. Because of its complexity, scholars
and experts cast various definitions of communication. Griffin (2006) says that there are
around more than 120 definitions as applied in operationalizing the concept of
communication.

Communication is any process in which people share information, ideas, and feelings
to construct meaning, establish relations and build understanding. It is a meaningful
exchange that involves not only the spoken and written word, but also body language,
personal mannerisms and style, the physical environment – anything that adds meaning to a
message (Hybels & Weaver, 1998). This process takes place through the exchange of
verbal and nonverbal messages (Brooks & Heath, 1993).

Communication is nature to humans. We communicate because it is nature to our ability

as feeling, thinking and socializing creatures. In our daily lives we always engage in various
forms of communication. Our very existence and our relationships depend heavily on how
we are able to communicate what we feel and think, yet we often overlook the importance of
understanding communication because it is too common to us.

WHAT IS ORAL COMMUNICATION?

Oral Communication is the ability to talk with others to give and exchange information and
ideas.

WHAT IS NATURE OF COMMUNICATION?

1. COMMUNICATION IS RELATED TO HUMAN ACTIVITY – communication
exchanges are actually directly linked with every single ball of human being lifetime.
It is necessary within primary some sort of substantial human being lifetime. Taking
pleasure in restful lifetime, acquiring person-to-person interactions, creating a
flourishing point out and so on.
2. COMMUNICATION INVOLVES TWO OR MORE PARTIES – at least, two parties
are involved in virtually any communication process. This partly exactly who
communicates information is known as sender and the partly exactly who is provided
with the info is known as a device. Even so in some instances some sort of sender
could send out a message for you to many receivers.
3. COMMUNICATION COULD BE ONE-WAY OR TWO-WAY PROCESS –
communication might take the design involving two-way or maybe one-way process.
With two-way communication, the receiver sends his feedback to the sender after
receiving the message. One-way communication means you move involving
information style sender to be able to receive only. In this particular means of
communication receiver doesn’t present his or her reaction to your sender.
4. SUCCESS OF COMMUNICATION DEPENDS ON A PROPER UNDERSTANDING
OF THE PARTIES INVOLVED - powerful communication comes about if your
receiver feels your concept you might say your sender posts the idea. If the receiver
deliver his or her reaction to your sender, your sender is not going to fully grasp your
receiver’s view. In this case your communication are going to be inadequate. As a
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result, to make your communication prosperous the two senders and receiver got to
know your side effects of different.

WHAT IS THE PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION?

Communication begins when the sender/encoder identifies the need to communicate
some idea/concept/information. He then encodes/formulates it into a message using a
medium which can be understood by the receiver/decoder of the message who in turn
processes it in his mind and responds to it. When the decoder understands the message
completely, fidelity of communication is said to be 100% and the communication process
is said to be complete. Thus, communication is a two-way process.

Looking at Communication as a Process

Communication takes place, everywhere at any time. It changes in various situations and
affects change among participants as the process takes place. Process implies dynamics
and change. It implies parts interacting and influencing each other so as to function as a
whole. Brooks and Heath posit that when we accept the concept of process, we view
communication events and relationships as dynamic, systematic, transactional, adaptive,
and continuous:

Communication is dynamic – it is not static. It is not fixed but always changing. As it deals
with change of behavior it changes constantly.

Communication is systematic – a simple speech communication occurs within a larger

system. It is a system itself composed of interrelated and interdependent elements working
together to achieve a desired outcome.

Communication is transactional – the essence of the term transaction is relationship.

Included in the transactional characteristic of communication is the fact that each
communication event is unique combination of people, messages, and situation that operate
to achieve some definite purpose.

Communication is adaptive – communication takes place with an intention to achieve

some outcome. In this process it must adapt to change. Thus, communication must pay
attention to the other person, to the topic, to the physical surroundings, to motives and
needs, and to other elements that we will study in this text. The ability to adjust and adapt to
changing situation is a characteristic of effective communication.

Communication is continuous – it has no beginning and no end. We can consider

communication as a product of a previous communication event that proceeds to another
communication situation.

The study of oral communication considers the process as essential to facilitate

understanding between the speaker and the audience. Thus, communication is viewed as
the process of understanding and sharing meaning consists of activities of exchange and
sets of behavior that applies in the perception, interpretation, and comprehension of
meaning of the verabl and non-verbal behavior of individuals (Pearson & Nelson, 2000).
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Therefore, oral communication is understood as that dynamic and systematic process of
sharing meaning and understanding meaning through verbal and non-verbal exchange
between individuals in interaction within a given context.

WHAT ARE THE MODELS OF COMMUNICATION?

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FEATURES OF COMMUNICATION
1. IT IS AN EXCHANGE OF IDEA.
- Communication is the process through which an exchange of information takes
place. It is the sharing of information, ideas, concepts and messages.

2. TWO PARTIES ARE INVOLVED IN IT.

- In communication, the exchange of information takes place between two or more
persons. This implies that there are minimum of two people involved in the
communication process at any given time. The one who initiates the exchange is
the sender of the message (speaker/writer) and the one who receives and
interprets is the receiver of the message (listener/reader).

3. IT IS A TWO-WAY PROCESS.
- One person alone cannot carry out communication. When you communicate,
there has to be a receiver or an audience that would reciprocate.