Q1. What do you mean by Network?

Answer:
Set of devices connected to each other over the physical medium is known as a
computer network. For example the Internet.

Q2. What do you mean by Node?

Answer:
In the computer network, the node is known as a device.

Q3. What do you mean by Network Topology?

Answer:
A network topology is a physical structure of the network which defines how the
computers or node will be connected to each other.

Q4. What is Routers?

Answer:
A router is a device which is responsible for sending data from source to destination
over the computer network.

Let us move to the next Computer Network Interview Questions.

Q5. What is the OSI model?

Answer:
OSI model stands for Open System Interconnection. It’s a reference model which
describes that how different applications will communicate to each other over the
computer network.

Q6. Explain the Different layers of the OSI model.

Answer:
The different layers of the OSI model are given below:
 Physical Layer Converts data bit into an electrical impulse.

Datalink Layer Data packet will be encoded and decoded into bits.

Network Layer Transfer of datagrams from one to another.

Transport Layer Responsible for Data transfer from one to another.

Session Layer Manage and control signals between computers.

Presentation Layer Transform data into application layer format.

Application Layer An end user will interact with the Application layer.

Q7. Describe Hub, Switch and Router?

Answer:

 Hub: Hub will broadcast all data to every port. It has a common connection point for all
devices.
 Switch: Switch will create the dynamic connection and provide information to the
requesting port.
 Router: Router is the devices which will be responsible for forwarding data packets.
Let us move to the next Computer Network Interview Questions.

Q8. What do you mean by the TCP/IP Model?

Answer:
TCP/IP stands for Transmission control protocol and Internet protocol. It describes
how the data will get transmitted and routed from end to end communication.

Q9. Explain the different Layers of TCP/IP Model.

Answer:
Application Layer, Transport Layer, Network or Internet Layer, Network interface layer.

Q10. What do you mean by HTTP?

Answer:
HTTP stands for Hyper Text Transfer Protocol and the port for this is 80. This protocol
is responsible for web content.

Q11. What do you mean by TCP and UDP?

Answer:
TCP stands for Transfer control protocol and UDP stands for User Datagrams protocol
and TCP is a connection-oriented protocol and UDP is a Connectionless protocol.

Q12. What do you mean by a Firewall?

Answer:
Firewall is a concept of a security system that will helps computers to protect it with
unauthorized access or any cyber-attack.

Part 2 – Computer Network Interview Questions

(Advanced)
Let us now have a look at the advanced Computer Network Interview Questions.

Q13. What do you mean by DNS?

Answer:
DNS Stands for Domain Name System. It’s an internet address mapping process with
the local name. We can also can it as an internet phonebook.

Q14. What do you mean by Proxy server?

Answer:
Proxy server prevents the external users which are unauthorized to access the
network.

Q15. What do you mean by Classes of Network?

Answer:
The Classes of IPV4 are of 5 types:
Class A 0.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255

Class B 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255

Class C 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255

Class D 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255

Class E 240.0.0.0 to 247.255.255.255

Let us move to the next Computer Network Interview Questions.

Q16. What do you mean by NIC?

Answer:
NIC stands for Network interface card. It is an adapter that will be installed on the
computer and because of that NIC, only that computer will interact with the network.

Q17. What do you mean by ASCII?

Answer:
ASCII is the American Standard Code for Information Interchange.

Q18. What are the types of mode available in Network?

Answer:
Data transferring mode in a computer network will be of three types:
Simplex, Half-Duplex and Full Duplex.

Q19. What do you mean by SLIP protocol?

Answer:
SLIP stands for Serial Line Interface Protocol. It is used for sending IP datagram over
a network in a single line.

Let us move to the next Computer Network Interview Questions.

Q20. What are the key elements of the protocol?
Answer:
There are three key elements of the protocol:
Syntax: Describe the format of the data.
Semantics: Describes the meaning of each section.
Timings: Explain the timing that how fast the data can be sent.

Q21. What do you mean by Decoder?

Answer:
A decoder is a program which converts the encrypted data into its actual format.

Q22. What is the role of IEEE in the world of computer

network?
Answer:
IEEE full form is the Institute of Electrical and electronic Engineer which is used to
define and develop the standards which will be used over the networ k.

Q23. What is the maximum segment length of a 100Base-FX

network?
Answer:
The maximum segment length will be 412 meters.

Conclusion
These are the above important questions related to Computer network. The key topics
which you have to cover are OSI model, All layers functionality, Classful Network and
classes of the IPv4, Topologies and configuring VPN and VPC.

Q1) Explain the seven layers of the OSI reference model.

Answer:
Below are the seven layers of the OSI reference model:
 Physical Layer: This layer converts data bits into radio signals. An example of this is
Ethernet.
 Data Link layer: At data link layer data packets are encoded and decoded and are
provided to node data transfer.
 Network Layer: This layer transfers variable length data from one node to another.
This data is known as datagram.
 Transport Layer: This layer transfers data between different nodes and keeps giving
acknowledgments for data packets. It keeps track of all transmissions and
transmission failures.
 Session Layer: This layer manages connections between different systems on a
network. It helps in establishing coordinating and terminating connections between all
applications.
 Presentation Layer: It transforms data into the form which application layer will accept.
 Application Layer: This is the last layer which both end user and application interact
with. This layer provides services like email, file transfer, etc.
Q2) Explain the concept of DNS.
Answer:
DNS stands for Domain Name System. It is a naming system which includes physical
nodes and its applications. DNS is a way of finding a resource easily over a network. It
gives a name to a particular IP address. It is always easy to remember xyz.com that an
IPV4 address or IPV6 address. Domain Name system is responsible for assigning
Domain names by mapping corresponding IP addresses and works in a hierarchical
way.

Q3) Explain in short the meanings of PAN, LAN, HAN, SAN,

and WAN.
Answer:

 PAN: This signifies Personal Area Network. It is a connection which is used by a

person.
 LAN: This stands for Local Area Network and is a connection of all computers in a
small location like school, office, etc.
 HAN: This stands for Home Area Network and helps in connecting devices from some
PCs, phone, fax machines, etc.
 SAN: This stands for Storage Area Network. It is a connection between different
storage devices.
 WAN: This is an acronym for Wide Area Network. It connects various devices, phones,
printers, etc. over a wide network which can be different cities or countries and even
continents.
Let us move to the next Networking Interview Questions.

Q4) What are the uses of cross and standard cables?

Answer:
A network cable is necessary to connect all systems to be in a network together. This
cable can either be straight or crossover. Both these cables have different
arrangements which are required for different purposes. A straight cable can be used
to connect a computer to a switch, hub, modem or a router to the switch. A cross over
cable is used when a computer is to be connected to a computer or a switch with a
switch or a hub with a hub.

Q5) What is a firewall?

Answer:
Firewall is a network security system which helps in protecting your network from
unauthorized accesses. It averts malignant access from computers outside the
network. A firewall also works when you want to limit access to outside users. A
firewall mainly consists of hardware devices, software programs or a combination of
both these. All the messages coming from a network or going to a network have to
pass through this firewall. Firewalls are examined by security criteria and the
messages which meet these criteria are passed through the network. If the message
does not fulfill the criteria then the message is blocked and not sent to the network
further. Firewalls can be installed like any software and can be later customized as per
needs for getting control over features and security.

Part 2 – Networking Interview Questions (Advanced)

Let us now have a look at the advanced Networking Interview Questions.

Q6) What is a proxy server and how to protect it?

 Answer:
Proxy servers are servers that prevent external users who are not authorized to
access an IP address from accessing it. When data transmission comes into pic ture IP
addresses are required and so are DNS which route the correct IP address to the
domain name. Proxy servers also maintain the list of all blacklisted websites so that all
internal users are automatically prevented from any attacks from viruses, worm s, etc.

Q7) What is 127.0.0.1 and localhost?

Answer:
The IP address 127.0.0.1 is reserved for localhost connections. These local host
networks are reserved for biggest customers or some very important people on the
internet. To check whether the local host server is working fine you must ping the
server and check for its response. If it is not responsible then the reason can be that
the server is down or the network card is not in good condition. 127.0.0.1 is a loopback
connection and if you get a response for this then it signifies that your hardware is in
good condition.

Let us move to the next Networking Interview Questions.

Q8) Explain the difference between Internet, Intranet and

Extranet.
Answer:
All three are terminologies of a how a network can be accessed. They define the
access levels for each user which is present inside and outside the network.

 Internet: In this, all applications can be accessed from anywhere by anyone over the
worldwide web.
 Intranet: It limits access for users in the same organization. All users outside the
organization cannot access this network.
 Extranet: When external users are allowed to access a network of an organization then
it is extranet. They are provided access to a limited application in the organization.
Q9) What is a router?
Answer:
A router is a physical device which is a gateway between two networks. It does the job
of forwarding the data packets from one network to another and builds an
interconnection link between the two networks.

Q10) How is VPN used in the corporate world?

Answer:
A Virtual Private Network allows remote users to securely connect to an organization’s
network. All companies, educational institutions make use of VPNs so that users can
access the networks remotely.