Journal of Medieval and Islamic History ‘An International Review Interested in Byzantine, Medieval and Islamic History (JMIH) Volume Vill 2013-2014 Issued by ‘Symposium of Medieval and Islamic History Faculty of Arts, ‘Ain Shams. University ISSN: 2090-2883Journal of Medieval and Islamic History An International Journal interested in Byzantine, Medieval and Islamic Issued by: Annual Symposium of Byzantine, Medieval and Islamic History. Faculty of Arts, ‘Ain Shams University . Website: hitp//imih.zxq.net, story Editor-in-chief: Prof. Ishak ‘Ebaid Chairman: Prof. Tarek M. Muhammad Advisors: Prof. Mahmid Isma‘il Prof. Fathi Aba Saif Assistants: Prof. Mahasen al-Wakkad & Dr.‘ Abdul ‘Aziz Ramadan: Secreta Sanad A. Sanad and Samer Qandil The National Scholarly Committee: Prof. Fayez Najuib Iskander Prof. Hatem A. El-Tahawy Prof. Mahmiid S. ‘Omran Prof. Wesam A. Farag The International Scholarly Committee: Prof. Abdullah Al-Rabi'y, Saudi Arabia. Prof. Albrecht Berger, Minchen, Germany. Prof. Jonathan Shepard, Oxford, Britain. Prof. Juan Monferr-Sala, Cordoba, Spain. Prof. Michael Cook, Princeton, USA. Prof. Pablo Argérate, Graz University, Austria. Prof. Taxiarches Kolias, Athens, Greece. Publisher: Dar Al-Fikr AF‘Arabi, 94 ‘Abbas al-‘Aqid, Nassr City, Cairo, Egypt. Website: http://darelfikrelarabi.com fax. 0020-222 752 738 We accept all the papers and book reviews in Arabic, English, and French. Books for review should be sent in one copy only. Orders may be addressed directly to the board of the Symposium on the above-mentioned address or via e.mail. All papers should be written by the computer as follows: Text’s size is 12,5 x 20,5 em.