ARELLANO UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW

PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW

Atty. Roberto A. Demigillo

\FIRST SEMESTER 2018

TEXTBOOK – INTRODUCTION TO PIL, FR. JOAQUIN BERNAS, S.J.

TOPICS/ READINGS CASES/ WORDS AND PHRASES

I. The Nature of International Law

a. Brief history of Public International

Law
b. Definition of International
c. Functions of International Law
d. Foundations of International Law
e. Theories About International Law
f. Basis of International Law/Schools or
Theories in the Study of International
Law
g. Theories as to the Basis
of International Law
h. Two Main Branches of International
Law
i. Branches of International Law
j. General Classifications of
Public International Law
k. Public International Law vs
Private International Law
l. Is International Law a True Law?
m. Classification of International Law

II. The Sources of International  Yamashita v. Styer, 75 Phil 563

Law  Kookooritchkin v. Solicitor General, 81 Phil 435
 Military & Paramilitary Activities in and against
Nicaragua (Nicaragua v. US), ICJ Reports, 1986
 North Sea Continental Shelf Case, ICJ Reports,
1969
 South West Africa Case (2nd Phase), ICJ Reports,
1966
 Asylum Case, ICJ Reports, 1950
 Nuclear Test Cases, ICJ Reports:
-New Zealand v. France, 1974
-Australia v. France, 1974
-Request for an examination of the
situation in accordance with par. 63 of
the court’s judgment of the 20 December
1974 in the Nuclear Tests (New Zealand
v. France) Case, 1995
 Legality of the Use by a State of Nuclear
Weapons, ICJ Reports, 1996
 Paquete Habana, 175 US 677, 1900
 Preah Vihear Temple Case, ICJ Reports, 1962
  Case Concerning Right of Passage over Indian
Territory (Portugal v. India)
 Corfu Channel Case, ICJ Reports, 1949
 Chorzow Factory Case, 1928 PCIJ Ser. A, No. 17
 Barcelona Traction, Light & Power Company
Case, ICJ Reports, 1970
 Texaco v. Libya, 17 ILM or 53 ILR 389, 1978
 BP v. Libya, 53 ILR 297
 Saudi Arabia v. Arabian American Oil Company,
27 ILR 117

III. The Law of Treaties  USAFFE Veteran v Treasurer of the

Philippines, 105 Phil 10302)
 Case concerning Rights of US Nationals in
Morocco (1952) ICJ Rep 242)
 Commissioner of Customs v EasternTrading, 3
SCRA 351
 Altman Co. v US 224 US 263 (1942)
 North Atlantic Doast Fisheries Arbitration
Concerning Treaty of Ghent. II U.N. Rep Intl
Arb Awards 188 ; II Y.B. Intl L.Comm 211
 Abaya v. Sec. Ebdane, G.R. No. 167919,
February 14, 2007
 DBM v. Kolonwel Trading; Vibal v.
Kolonwel; DEPED v. Kolonwel, June 8, 2007
 Lim v. Exec. Sec., G.R. No. 151445. April 11,
2002
 Bayan v. Zamora, October 10, 2000
 Pimentel v. Exec. Sec.
 Salonga Petition on the VFA, January 22,
2007
 Military and Paramilitary Activities in and
against Nicaragua (Nicaragua v. US), ICJ
Reports, 1986
 Advisory Opinion on Namibia (1972)
 Appeal Relating to the Jurisdiction of the
ICAO Council (India v. Pakistan)(1972)
 Fisheries Jurisdiction (United Kingdom v.
Iceland)(1973)
 Gabcikovo-Nagymaros Project
(Hungary/Slovakia) (1997)
 Techt v. Hughes
 In the Treatment of Polish Nationals v Danzig
PCIJ ser. AB no. 44 at 24 (193
 The Tacna-Arica Arbitration (Chile v Peru) 2
U.N. Re. Int’l Arb. Awards. 921 (1925)

Terms/ Words

 Act; Final Act; Protocol de cloture

 Agreement, Arrangement or accord
 Compromis d’arbitrage
 Concordat
 Convention
 Covenant
 Declaration
 Exchange of notes
 Exchange of agreement
  Modus vivendi
 Pact
 Protocol
 Statute
 Charter
 Cartel
 General Act
 Gentlemen’s agreement
 Memoire or memorandum
 Note verbale
 Pactum de contrahendo
 Proces verbal
 Proposal
 Punctationes
 Resume
 Sponsion sub sperati

4. International Law and Municipal

Law  Exchange of Greece and Turkish Population
Case, Advisory Opinion, PCIJ (1925)
 Brazilian Loans Case, (France v Brazil, PCIA
(1929)
 Mejoff v Director of Prisons, 90 Phil 70
 Kuroda v Jalandoni, 83 Phil 171
 Agustin v Edu, 88 SCRA 195
 J.B.:. Reyes v Bagatsing, GR No. 65366, Oct
25, 1983
 Raquiza v Bradford 75 Phil 50
 Baer v Tizon, 57 SCRA 1
 Tanada v Angara G.R. No. 118295 May 2,
1997
 Kilosbayan v Morato
 Manila Prince Hotel v GSIS GR 122156 Feb 3,
1997
 Reid v Covert 354 U.S. 1
 Head Money Cases (Eyde v Robertson) 112
U.S. 580
 Whitney v Robertson, 124 U.S. 190
 In Re Garcia , 2 SCRA 984
 Philip Morris v CA, 234 SCRA 576
 Case concerning Certain German Interests in
Poland under Siberia, PCIJ ser. A. no.
 Free Zones Cases PCIJ ser A. no. 24
 Treatment of Polish Nationals in Danzig,
Advisory Opinion, PCIJ ser A/23 no. 44 at 24
 Peter Pazmary University Case PCIJ ser A/B
no. 61, p243
 Minority Schools of Albania, PCIJ ser. A/B no
64

Terms/ Doctrines
 Dualism
 Monism
 Doctrine of Incorporation
 Doctrine of Transformation
V. Subjects of International Law :
States
VI. Other Subjects of International
Law
Readings/ References/ Documents
 Montevideo Convention of 1933 on Rights
and Duties of States
 Declaratory theory
 Constitutive Theory
 1970 Declaration on Principles of
International Friendly Relations and
Cooperation Among States
 General Convention on the Privileges and
Immunities of the United Nations (1946)
 Convention and Privileges of Specialized
Agencies
 1949 Geneva Convention
 Protocol I
 1977 Protocol II
 Common Article 3
 Material field of Application
 Covenant on Civil and Political rights and 2
Protocols
 Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural
rights
 Philippine Commission on Human rights
 Wilson Doctrine
 Tobar Doctrine
 Restatement on the Foreign Relations Law
of the United States
 Roland Rich, Recognition of States: The
Collapse of Yugoslavia and the Soviet
Union, 4 EUR. J Int’L No. 1 (1993)
 Five Principles of Co-existence by India and
China
 1970 Declaration on Principles of
International Law Friendly Relations and
Cooperation Among States
 Advisory Opinion on the Use of Nuclear
Weapons (1996)
 Article 105 of the UN Charter
 1977 Protocol II to the 1949 Geneva
Conventions of 12 August 1949
 First Protocol of the 1977 Geneva
Convention
 Antonio Cassese International Law 85
Oxford University Press 2001
 Reparation Case [1949] ICJ Report
 US v Dorr 2 Phil 332
 Bacani v Nacoco, 100 Phil 468
 Disomangcop v Datumanong 444 SCRA 204
 Tinoco Arbitration; Great Britain v Costa Rica
(1923)
 Clipperton Island Arbitration 1931
 Compania General de Tabacos de Filipinas v
Alhambra Cigar, 249 US 72 (1919)
 Chicago Rock Island etc R.Co. v McGlinn
(1885) 114 US 542
 People v Lol lo 43 Phil 19
 Upright v Mercury Business Machines Co. 13
A.D. 2d 36, 213 N.Y.S. 2d. 417
 Island of Las Palmas Arbitration [1928]
 International Catholic Migration Commission
v Calleja GR No. 85750 September 28, 1990
 Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center
v Acosta; Lasco v United Nations Revolving
Fund for Natural Resources Exploration GR
Nos 109095 and 1091097, February 23, 1995
 Department of Foreign Affairs v NLRB GR
No. 113191 Sept 18, 1996
 World Health Organization v Aquino GR No.
L – 35131 Nov 29, 1972
 Jeffrey Liang v People. GR No 125865 March
26, 2001
 Ricaud v American Metral C. 246 US 304
 Soviet Union v Luxumborg and Saan Co,
Luxumber Commercial Tribunial 1935
 United States v. Pink 315 US 203
 Wufsohn v Russia Socialists Federated Soviet
Republic, US Circuit of Appeals, 234 N.Y.
372 (1923)
 Luther v James Sugar & Co. Great Britaiin,
Court of Appeals 1921
 US v Belmont , 301 U.S. 324
 Banco Nacional de Cuba v Sabbatino, 376
U.S. 398
 The Pena, 277 F. 91
 Russian Republic v Cibrario 235 N.Y. 2
 Mingtai Fire & Marine Insurance Co. v United
Parcel Service, US 9th Circuit Court of
Appeals, 98-15088 (1999)
 Eichmann case (Atty General of Israel v
Eichmann) 36 Int’l L. Rep. 5 Israel,Dist. Ct.
Jerusalem, 1961
 Co Kim Cham v Valdez Tan Keh, 75 Phil 371
 Underhill v Hernandez, 168 U.S. 250
 Ford v Surget 97 U.S. 504
 Alcantara v Director of Prisons 75 Phil 494
(1945)\

VII. Territory : Land, Air and Outer
Space
 Antartic Treaty of 1959
 Arctic Sector Theory
 Roman law Principle of Qui dominus est
soli est coeli et infernorum
 Common law maxim “cujus est solum, ejus
est usque et coelum
 Outer Space Treaty (1967)
 International Telecommunications Union
Convention
 Moon Treaty
 Chicago Convention on International Civil
Action
 1967 Treaty on the Exploration and Use of
Outer Space
 Republic v Sandiganbayan GR No. 104768,
July 21, 2003
 Etormo v Ravelo, 78 Phil. 145
 Notor v Martinez, 84 Phil 300
 Montebon v Director of Prisons 78 Phil 427
 Haw Pia v China Banking Corp. 80 Phil 604
 Oetjen v Central Leather Co. 246 U.S. 297
 Ex Parte Quirin 317 U.S. 1
 Ferdinand Marcos v Raul Manglapus, 178
SCRA 760
 Oriental Navigation Co. Claim (1928 Mexico
v U.S. General Claim Commission 4 U.N.
Rep. Intl Arb Awards 341 (1928)
 Trial of the Major War Criminals before Intl
Military Tribunal, 14 November 1945, 1
October 1949 p. 108
 Western Sahara Case (Advisory Opinion ICJ
 Island of Las Palmas Perm Ct Arb. 19928 -
Eastern Greenland Case PCIJ 1933
 Anglo Norwegian Fisheries Case (UK v
Norway) ICJ 1959
 Corfu Channel Case (UK v Albania 1949 ICJ
Rep
 Saudi Arabia v Aramco, (Arbitration ) 1963
 Nicaragua v US, Merits (1986) ICJ Rep
 The I’ am Alone 29 AJIL 326
 Island of Las Palmas Case (US v.
Netherlands), 2 RIAA 829
 SS Lotus Case, PCIJ Ser. A, No. 10
 Lassitzyn AJIL 47 (1953) 559
 Minquiers & Ecrehos Case, ICJ Reports, 19
 Case Concerning Sovereignty Over Pulau
Ligitan and Pulau Sipadan
(Indonesia/Malaysia)
 Eritrea-Yemen Arbitration, ICJ Reports, 1998
o Map Cases:
 Preah Vihear Temple Case, ICJ Reports, 1962
 Frontier Dispute Case (Burkina Faso v. Mali),
ICJ Reports, 1986
 Libya v. Chad, ICJ Reports 1994
 Anglo-Norwegian Fisheries Case, ICJ Reports,
1951
 Western Sahara Case, ICJ Reports, 1975
 El Salvador v. Honduras, with Nicaragua
intervening, ICJ Reports,199
 Clipperton Island Arbitration (France v.
Mexico), January 28, 1931
Foreign words and phrases/ Rules/ Treaties
 Terra nullius

VIII. Territory : Law of the Sea
Readings
 International Convention on the Law of the
Sea (UNCLOS), ILM 21, 1982
 Agreement Relating to the Implementation
of Part XI of the UNCLOS, ILM 33, 1994
 Agreement for the Implementation of the
Provisions of the UNCLOS Relating to the
Conservation & Management of Straddling
Fish Stocks & Highly Migratory Fish Stocks
 RA 3046
 RA 5446
 Civil Liability Convention of 1969
 International Fund Convention of 1971
 TOVALOP
 CRISTAL
 1984 Protocols to CLC & FC Conventions
 1992 CLC & FC
 TOVALOP Supplement of 1994
 Crystal 1992
 PCA Case Nº 2013-19 IN THE MATTER OF THE
SOUTH CHINA SEA ARBITRATION- before - AN
ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL CONSTITUTED UNDER
ANNEX VII TO THE 1982 UNITED NATIONS
CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF THE SEA
between -THE REPUBLIC OF THE
PHILIPPINES and -THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC
OF CHINA Permanent Court of Arbitration 12
July 2016
 Usque ad coelom
 Res communis
 Discovery and occupation
 Prescription
 Cession
 Conquest and annexation
 Accretion and Avulsion
 Contiguity
 Intertemporal law
 Cabotage
 Modes of acquiring territory
a. Internal Waters
 Military & Paramilitary Activities in and
against Nicaragua (Nicaragua v. US), ICJ
Reports, 1986
 Saudi Arabia v. Arabian American Oil
Company, 27 ILR 117
b. Territorial Sea
 Arts. 27-32, UNCLOS
 The Gulf of Sidra Incidents, 5 Italian
Yearbook of International Law
 Anglo-Norwegian Fisheries Case, ICJ Reports,
1951
 El Salvador v. Honduras, with Nicaragua
Intervening, ICJ Reports, 1992
 US v. California, 382 US, 1966
 US v. Louisiana, 382 US 11, 1969
c. Straits
 Corfu Channel Case, ICJ Reports, 1949
d. Archipelagos
e. The Contiguous Zone
f. The Continental Shelf
 North Sea Continental Shelf Case, ICJ
Reports, 1969
 Libya v. Malta, ICJ Reports, 1985
 Tunisia v. Libya, ICJ Reports, 1982
 Guinea v. Guinea Bissau, ILR 77, 1985
 Aegean Sea Continental Shelf Case (Greece v.
Turkey), ICJ Reports, 1978
 Anglo-French, ICJ Reports, 1979
 Case Concerning Maritime Delimitation in the
area between Greenland and Jan Mayen
(Denmark v. Norway), 1993
 Canada & France, St. Pierre
g. The Exclusive Economic Zone
 Spain v. Canada (facts only), ICJ Reports,
1966
 M/V Saiga (St. Vincent & Grenadines v.
Guinea), ITLOS Judgment, July 1, 1999
 Camouco Case (Panama v. France), Judgment,
 7 Feb 2000,

h. Delimitation of Maritime Boundaries

 Gulf of Maine Case (Canada v. US), ICJ
Reports, 1994
 Settlement of Fisheries Disputes in Exclusive
Economic Zone, 73 Am. J. Intl, 89 (1979)

i. The High Seas

 Lauritzen v Larsen, 345 US 571, 585 (1953)

j. Conservation & Management of Living

Resources of the High Seas
 Southern Blue Fin Tuna Cases (NZ & Australia
v. Japan), Order on Request for Provisional
Measures, ITLOS Order, August 27, 1999

k. Right of Land-Locked States to & from the

Sea
l. International Seabed Area
n. Navigation
o. Marine Pollution
p. Settlement of Disputes
q. Peaceful Use of the Oceans
r. Archaeological & Historical Objects
s. Criminal and civil jurisdiction over foreign
vessels

 Wildenhaus Case 120 US 1 (1887)

 Schooner Exchange v Macfaddon 7 Cranch
116 (1812)
 Cunard v Mellon, 262 US 100 (1923)
 People v Wong Cheng, 46 Phil 729 (1922)
 US v Look Chow, 18 Phil 573
 US v Bull 15 Phil 7 (1910)
 Chumney v Nixon, 615 F.2d 389 (1980)
 Georges Triandafilou v Ministri Public 39 Am.
J. Intl. 345 (1945)
 Melevo Marwel v Ministri Public, 39 Am. J.
Intl 345
 People v Tulin, 364 SCRA 10 (2001),
 Nuclear Test Case (New Zealand v France ICJ
Rep 457

Words/ terms

 Terra nullius
 Usque ad coelum
 Res communis
 Cannon shot rule
 Three mile rule
 Twelve mile rule
 Right of Innocent Passage
 Exclusive economic Zone or patrimonial sea
 High seas and six freedoms
 Hot pursuit
  Mutatis mutandi
 Flag of convenience or
 Flag State
 Principle of Genuine Link
 Moratorium Resolution
 The Enterprise
 “Parallel System’ in seabed mining

IX. Jurisdiction of State  Brownwell v. Sunlife, 95 Phil 228

 People v. Lol-lo & Saraw, 43 Phil 19
 Tubb v. Greiss, 78 Phil 249
 Haw Pia v. China Banking, 80 Phil 604
 Trail Smelter Arbitration: US v Canada (1938-41)
 The Lotus Case: France v Turket PCIJ 1927
 People v Wong Cheng, 46 Phil 729
 Blackmer v United States 284 U.S. 421
 Nottebohm Case: Liechtenstein v Guatemala ICJ
1955
 United States v Yunis 681 F.Supp. 896
 Joyce v Director of Public Prosecutions, House of
Lord 1946
 Filartiga vPena-Irala 630 F.2d 876 (1980)
 Attorney General of Israel v. Eichmann 36 Intl L.
Rep 5 1961
 Eichmann v Attorney of Israel Supreme Court
of Israel, 136 ILR 277
 U.S. v Alvarez Machain 504 U.S. 655
 Secretary of Justice v Lantion, October 17, 2000
 Rodriguez v Judge G.R. 157977 Feb. 27, 2006
 Gov’t of Hongkong v Olalia, GR 153675 April 19,
2007

X. Immunity from Jurisdiction  Mighell v Sultan of Johore, 1 QB 148

 JUSMAG Philippines v. NLRC, 239 SCRA
224
 USA v. Reyes, 219 SCRA 192
 Wylie v. Rarang, 209 SCRA 357
 USA v. Ruiz, 136 SCRA 487
 WHO v. Aquino, 48 SCRA 242
 Lyons Inc. v. USA, 104 Phil 593
 Dralle v Republic Czechoslovakia; Supreme
Court Austria
 Minucher v. CA, 214 SCRA 242
 Holy See v. Rosario, 238 SCRA 524
 Regina v Bartle and Commissioner of Police
 24 March 1999 House of Lords

XI. State Responsibility
Readings
 Harvard Draft Convention on the
Responsibility of States for Damages
 Articles on Responsibility of States for
Internationally Wrongful Acts
 Archaga, International Responsibility,
Manual of Public International Law, ed. By
Sorensen, p. 531
 Garcia Amador, Report on State
Responsibilit (1956) II Y B, Intl L.
Commission
 Sohn & Baxter, Responsibility of State for
Injuries to Economic Interests of Aliens 55
Am Jur, Intl L. 544
 Lauterpacht, Allegiance, Diplomatic
Protection & Criminal Jurisdiction over
Aliens
 Mann, State Contracts & State
Responsibility, 54 Am Jur. Intl. L. 572
 Ex Parte Pinochet, 38 ILM 581, March 1999
 The Schooner Exchange v Macfaddon 11
US116
 Ker v. Illinois, December 6, 1886
 Machain v. Sosa
 Republic of Indonesia v Vinzon, G.R. 154705
June 26, 2003
 Ebrahim Case
 UNOCAL Case: Decision by the California
Central District Court
 Congo v. Belgium, ICJ Reports, February 14,
2002
 US Diplomatic and Consular Staff in Iran Case
(US v Tehran ICJ Rep 1980 3
 Flowers v. Clinton
 Teotico v. Governor General
 Underhill v Hernandez; 168 US 250
 Banco Nacional de Cuba v Sabbitino 378 US
398 , 424
 Alfred Dunhill v Cuba, 425 US 682
 Kirkpatrick v Environmental Tectonic Corp.
493 US 400, 410
 Belgium v Spain, (1970) ICJ Rep. Barcelona
Traction Case
 U.S. v Mexico, 4 RIAA (19926) Neer Claim
 France v Mexico, (1929) Caire Claim -
 UK v Albania, Corfu Channel Case, (1949)
ICJ Rep
 Nicaragua v U.S. (1986) ICJ Rep
 U.S. v Iran (1980) ICJ Rep
 Home Missionary Society Claim, U.S. b Great
Britain
 Short v Iran ; U.S. v Iran
 Chorgow Factory Case, Germany v Poland
PCIJ
 North American Dredgin Company Claim
(1926)
 Chinese Flour Importers Assn. v Price
 Stabilization Board 89 Phil 439
 People v Chan Fook 42 Phil 230
 Kwong Sing v City of Manila 41 Phil 103
 Youmans Case, U.S. v United Mexican State,
1926
 U.S. v Panama , 6 United Rep, Intl Arb
Awards, 308
 Texas Cattle Case ; American Mexican Claims
Com. 1948
 Germany v U.S. ICJ June 23, 2001, Le grand
Case
 Boffolo Claim, Italy v. Venezuela, 10 UN Rep
Intl Arb Awards, 528 (1938)
 Polgrave Brown’s Case 8 Whitman , p. 854
 Anglo Iranian Case ; UK v Iran, ICJ Rep 23,
(1952)
 Goldberg Case, Germany v Romania, 2 UN
 Rep Intl Arb awards, 234 (1908)
 Borovsky v Com of Immigration, 90 Phil 107
 Li Sen Giap v Director of Lands, 59 Phil 687
 Radick v Hutchins 95 US 210
 U.S. v Guatemala, Shufeldt Claim, 1930, 5
Hackworth, p 485 2 UN Rep Arb Awards.
1079
 Sambiaggo Case, (Italy v Venezuela)
Venezuela Arbitration of 1903,, p 666
 Bolivar Railway Co. v Ralston, Venezuela
Arb, of 1903, p 388,
 U.S.v Great Britain, US – GB Claims Arb
1920 (Neilsen Report)
 Rosa Gelbtrunk Claim, US v El Salvador, Arb
Tribunal, 1902,
 French Co. of Venezuela Railroad Case, 10
UN Rep Intl Arb awards, 285
 Kummerov Case , 10 UN Rep Intl arb Award,
361
 Dix Case, 9 UN Rep Intl Arb awards, 119
 Ambatielos Case; Greece v UK, ICJ Rep, 28,
952
 Estonia v Lithuania, PCIJ
 Rhodore Forest Claim 3 UN Rep Intl arb
Awards 1406
 Finish Shipowners Claim 3 UN Rep Intl arb
awards, 1484
 Robert E. Brown Case 6 UN Rep Intl Arb
Awards 120
 Debenture Holders pf San Marco Co. 1931, 5
UN Rep Intl Arb Awards, 191
 Panevetzus Saldutiskis Railway, PCIJ ser.
A/B no. 76 at 16 (1939)
 Mavrommatic Palestine Concessions PCIJ ser
A.no 2 at 12 (19240

Words and phrases/ Doctrines/ Rules

 Diplomatic protection
 Effective national link
 Doctrine of effective link
 Standards for protection of aliens
 Doctrine of national treatment or equality of
treatment
 Minimum international standard
 Doctrine on state responsibility
 Drago doctrine
 Internationally wrongful act ; elements,
subjective and objective; characterization
 Acts of state organs
 Acts of other persons
 Acts of revolutionaries
 Preliminary objections;
 Reparations
 Expropriation
XII. International Human Rights Law
Read
 United Nation Charter
 Universal Declaration of Human rights
 Covenant on Civil and Political rights
 Covenant on Economic and Social and
Cultural rights
 Optional Protocol to the Covenant on Civil
and Political Rights
 Sieghart, International Law on Human rights,
171 (1983)
 Fernando Volio, Legal Personality, Privacy
and the Family,
 Louis Sohn, The Rights of Minorities,
 Antonio Cassese, The Self Determination of
Peoples
 John Humphrey, Political and Related rights
 1948 Genocide Convention
 1966 Convention on Elimination of All
Forms of Racial Discrimination
 1979 Convention on the Elimination of All
Forms of Discrimination against Women
 1984 Convention against Torture and other
Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or
Punishment
 1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child
 1990 Convention on Migrant Workers
 Oppenheim, International Law
 Kelsen, Principles of International Law
XIII. Peaceful Settlement of
International Disputes
Readings
 Convention on the Recognition and
Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards
 B.S. Murty, Settlement of Disputes
 Admission of State to UN, advisory Opinon,
(1948), ICJ Rep 57
 Binding Advisory opinion of the ICJ, 85
AJIL 439 (1991)
 UN Convention on the Law of the Seas
 Ambrosini v Uruguay, (R. 1/15) HRC 34, 124
 Marcos v Manglapus, G.R.88211, September
15, 1989
 Ex Parte Quirin (1942 317 U.S. 1)
 Manotoc v CA, 142 SCRA 149
 Association of Service Exporters v Drilon, 163
SCRA 386
 Silverio v CA, 195 SCRA 760
Words and phrases/ Rules
 Nullem crimen sine lege
 nulla poena sine lege
 “Dispute’
 Non-judicial, quasi-judicial and judicial
methods
 Contentious jurisdiction; advisory jurisdiction
of ICJ
 Switzerland v US (1959) ICJ Rep, Interhandel
Case
 Aerial Incidence Case, US v Bulgaria, ICJ
1959
 Israel v Bulgaria, 1959, ICJ Rep 127
 Nicaragua v US, ICJ 1984
 Case concerning Est Timor, Portugal v
Australia, ICJ 1995
 Monetary Gold Removes from Rome in 1943,
ICJ Rep, 1954, p 32
 El Salvador v Honduras, 1992, ICJ Rep
 Mavromamatis Palestine Concessions Case
PCIJ ser A no. 2, at 11 (1924)
 Trail Smelter Arbitration (US v Canada 3 U.N.
Rep 1906 (195)
 Orinoco Steamship Company Case, PCArb
(1910), U.N. Rep Int’l Arb Awards.
 Minorities School in Upper Silesia PCIJ ser. A
No. 15 at 22 (1928)
 Interpretation of Peace Treaties, (1950) ICJ
Rep 65
 Case concerning Boarder and Transborder
Armed Actions,

XIV. The Use of Force short of War
Readings/ References
On Use of Force (DISCUSS)
 UN Charter, Article 2, paragraph 4
 UN Charter, Article 51
 UN Charter, Article 42
 Bruno Simma, NATO, The UN and the Use
of Force; Legal aspects, 10 EUR, J Intl, No
1 Words and phrases/ Rules, Concepts,
 Antonio Cassese, Are we moving towards
International Legitimation of Forcible
Humanitarian Counter measures in the Worl
Community, 10 EUR J Intl. L. No. 1
 Fenwick, The Quarantine Against Cuba;
Legal or Illegal , 57 Am J. Intl. L. 597
(1963)
 Richard Falk, The Future for the UN
Charter System of War Prevention, 97 Am.
J. Intl Law. 590 (2003)
 “ARMED CONFLICTS AND THE USE OF
FORCE” Josef Mrázek
XV. The Law of War (International
Humanitarian Law)
Readings
 A Memory of Soferion, Henry Dunant
 1864 Geneva Convention
 Hague Convention I (1899) and II (1907)
 Nicaragua v Honduras, ICJ Rep 1988
 Case concerning the Temple of Preaah Vihear
 (Cambodia v Thailand) 1961 ICJ Rep 17
 Electricity Company of Sofia (1939) PCIJ ser
A/B no.77 at 82
 Right of passage over Indian Territory, (1957)
ICJ Rep 125
 Haya de la Torre Case (1951) ICJ Rep 21
 German interest in Polish Upper Silesia PCIJ
ser A no. 6 at 18
 Norway Loans case (1952) ICP Rep 28
 South West Africa cases (1962) ICJ rep 319
 Advisory opinion of Reparation for injuries
suffered in the service of the UN 1975 ICJ Rep
12
 Corfu Channel Case (1949) ICP Rep
 Nicaragua v US, (1986) ICJ Rep
 Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear
Weapons(1996) ICJ Rep
Principles
 Self Help
 Conditions of necessity and proportionality in
resort to Self Defence under Art 51
 Exception to rule prohibiting force
 Concept of Armed attack
 Anticipatory self defense
 Self Help measures
 Severance of diplomatic relations
 Retorsion
 Reprisal
 Embargo ; types; arret de prince; jus angariae
 Boycott
 Non-intercourse
 Pacific blockade and hostile blockade
 Intervention
 Prize Cases 2 Bl. 635 (U.S. 1863)
 The Naulilaa Incident (Portugal –Germany,
Arbitral decision July 31, 1982
 UN Reports of International Arbitral awards,
 Covenant of the League of Nations (1919)
 Kellog-Briand Pact for the Renunciation of
War (1928)
 1949 Geneva Conventions I – Wounded
and Sick in the Field; II – Wounded, sick
and shipwrecked at Sea; III – Prisoners of
War; IV – Civilians..
 Protocol 1 to the 1949 Geneva Convention
 Declaration of St. Petersburg
 L.C. Green, The Contemporary Law of
Armed Conflict (1993)
 Protocol II AdditIonal to the 1949 Geneva
Conventions (Humanitarian Law)
 Draft International Convention for the
Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism ,
Dec. 9, 1999 – definition of Terrorism
 Baldrich , Jurisdiction of the International
Criminal tribunal for the former Yugoslavia,
90 AJIL 64 (1991)
16. International Environmental Law
Readings
 Stockholm Declaration of 1972 ; Principles
1 to 26
 Rio Declaration of 1992 ; Principles 1 to 27
 1982 Law of the Sea Articles 192-194
 Framework Convention on Climate Change
 Vienna Convention for the Protection of
Ozone Layer of 1985
 United Nations Conference on Environment
and Development 1992
 Kyoto Protocol 1999,
 Convention on International Trade in
Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and
Flora, 1973
 Convention on Biological Diversity 1992
 Treaty of Rome of 1957
 1994 North American Agreement on
(1949)
 Filipinas Compania de Seguros v Christern
Huenefeld 7 Co. Inc. 89 Phil 54
Words/ Phrases
 Protection of Nationals abroad
 Humanitarian Intervention
 Jus ad bellum and Jus in bello
 International armed conflict
 Hors de combat ; Basic rules of International
 Humanitarian Law in Armed Conflicts
 Neutrality
 Non International Conflicts - a) Civil Wars; b)
Common Article 3
 International Terrorism
 War; act of war; state of war
 Aggression defined in UN General Assembly
Resolution 33-14
 Invasion or attack
 Bombardment
 Blockade of ports or coasts
 Use of armed forces
 Allowing use of territory against 3rd state
 Sending armed groups or mercenaries
 Genocide; types or acts of genocide
 Mercenaries ; defined in Protocol I , Article 47
of Geneva Convention
 Crimes against Humanity
 War Crimes Article 8 of ICC Statutes
 Principle of State Consent
 Oposa v Factoran Jr. 224 SCRA 792
 Laguna Lake Development Authority v
Court of Appeals, 231 SCRA 292 (1994)
 MMDA v Residents of Manila Bay, GR Nos
171947-48, December 18, 2008
 Social Justice Society v Atienza, GR 156052,
Feb 13, 2008
 Danube Dam Case ICJ Rep 1997
 Trail Smelter Arbitration Case (US v Canada,
3 U.N. Rep. 1906
 Nuclear Test Cases, ICJ Reports (New Zealand
v France, 1974) Australia v France, 19
 Sierra Club v Morton 405 US 727 (1972)
 Environmental Cooperation
 1991 Protocol on environmental Protection
to the Antartic Treaty of 1992
 Amazon Declaration 1989
XVII. International Economic Law
 “PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL
ECONOMIC LAW, AND THE RIGHT TO
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, VIS-À-VIS THE
GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT” by Uba SF Nnabue, Nigeria
 “Principles of International Economic Law”
By Matthias Herdegen, Oxfod Univ.
 Tanada v Angara GR 118295, May 2, 1997
 Objectives of the Bretton Woods Conference
1944
 International Monetary Fund (IMF) – function
 International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (World Bank) – function
 International Trade Organization – function
 General Agreement on Tariff and Trade
(GATT) – function
 World Trade Organization(WTO) – function
 Havana Charter
 Uruguay Round of 1994
 Marakesh Ministerial meeting 1994
 Key Principles of International Trade Law
 Agreed Tariff levels
 Most favored nation principle
 Principle of national treatment
 Principle of tariffication
 Exception to the Key Principles of
International Trade Law
 Dispute Resolution Body (DSB)
 Understanding on Rules and Procedures
Governing the Settlement of Disputes (DSU)
(1994)