SERVICES CATALOG

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WHY CHOOSE RYSCO CORROSION SERVICES?

Integrity – At Rysco the word integrity has a double meaning to us. It is not just about providing you with the best services, it is
about our adherence to our moral and ethical practices of business. This ensures the integrity of the data that our services
generate for you. We pride ourselves on accurately reporting this information to ensure the integrity of your assets

Commitment – At Rysco we are committed to you and your company’s needs. Everyone at Rysco dedicates themselves to each
and every job thus ensuring the quality of our work.

Experience – Our team averages over 5 years per person of direct oil and gas experience and we strive to provide timely
responses for each of our client’s needs. Our experience is such that we can be a valuable part of your team and ensure the
smooth and safe functioning of your oil and gas infrastructure.

Competitive – At Rysco we are competitive with other industry providers and offer a variety of specialized equipment and
insight specific to the customer’s needs. We believe that our service level, experience, and knowledge are what differentiates
Rysco Corrosion Services from our competition.

All Rysco Corrosion Services employees either have NACE certifications, or are diligently working towards the necessary
achievements in order to satisfy these certifications. We believe NACE education, along with applicable experience, to be
the cornerstone of our organization.

To illustrate our “first in class” culture, Rysco Corrosion also maintains registered ISO certifications in ISO 9001,
ISO 14001, and OHSAS 18001. These internationally recognized management systems are integrated into an IMS
that includes Quality Management, Environmental Management, and Occupational Health and Safety Management.

Providing dedicated internal and external corrosion services and evaluations to ensure the integrity of your infrastructure.

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 INTERNAL CORROSION SERVICES

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INTERNAL CORROSION SERVICES

MECHANICAL TECHNIQUES

Mechanical techniques for internal corrosion measurement and evaluation can be termed as Direct Intrusive Measurement. These
techniques determine metal loss by direct measurement of changes in the physical properties of exposed test specimens. They are
deemed as mechanical techniques based on the application methodology. This is an applicable technique for a Corrosion Monitoring
System (CMS) within an overall Integrity Management Plan (IMP).

i. Weight-Loss Corrosion Coupons ii. Mechanical Erosion Monitoring

Corrosion coupons are small test specimens that are exposed for a
fixed period within a process environment. At the end of the fixed
period, the corrosion coupon is removed from the process
environment and analyzed for time averaged General Corrosion Rate,
Pitting Corrosion Rate, sessile bacteria, and solids if required. Of
importance with corrosion coupon monitoring is the placement
within the process and within the infrastructure to provide
representative results. Corrosion coupons provide an economical
approach to internal corrosion monitoring and material evaluations.
Rysco Corrosion Services are available to provide equipment sales,
manufacturing, data interpretation, lab analysis, and field services in
support of weight-loss corrosion coupons.
Erosion monitoring is common on equipment and
infrastructure that may be subject to metal loss due to flow
conditions and any particulate that may exist within the flow.
Common erosional monitoring equipment has a known wall
thickness, that when fails provides a transfer of pressure to a
gauge or other instrumentation. This is a useful notification of
erosion. Rysco Corrosion Services are available to provide
equipment sales, manufacturing, data interpretation, lab
analysis, and field services in support of mechanical erosion
monitoring.

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 ELECTRONIC TECHNIQUES

Electronic techniques for internal corrosion measurement and evaluation can be termed as either Physical Direct Intrusive
Measurement (ER) or as Electrochemical Direct Intrusive Measurement (LPR and Galvanic). Electrochemical techniques measure the
propensity of metals ions of an alloy to pass into solution in the electrolyte, and are thus intended for use immersed in electrolyte.
These are applicable techniques for a Corrosion Monitoring System (CMS) within an overall Integrity Management Plan (IMP).

i. Electrical Resistance (ER)

Considered as a direct intrusive measurement, the electrical resistance technique utilizes the electrical resistance of a measuring
element. As the measuring element loses mass due to corrosion or erosion of the environment, the electrical resistance of the
measuring element changes. Comparison to an unexposed reference element provides a metal loss value. Comparison of values over
short periods of time provides real time values. Rysco Corrosion Services are available to provide equipment sales, manufacturing, data
interpretation, and field services in support of electrical resistance probes.

ii. Linear Polarization Resistance (LPR)

The basic technique of linear polarization resistance determines the corrosion rate of an electrode in an electrolyte. The propensity of
the metal ions of the electrode (cations) to pass into solution, or corrode, is inferred from the ratio between a small change in applied
potential around the open-circuit potential of the electrode and the corresponding change in the current density. Rysco Corrosion
Services are available to provide equipment sales, data interpretation, and field services in support of linear polarization resistance
probes.

iii. Galvanic (ZRA)

Like the LPR technique, galvanic measurements utilizing a Zero Resistance Ammeter are an examination of the corrosion rate of an
electrode in an electrolyte. However, in this instance dissimilar metals are used between comparable elements. The differences in the
electrochemical behavior of the two electrodes in the process stream give rise to differences in the redox potential of the two
electrodes. This technique is commonly used to monitor low levels of dissolved oxygen. Rysco Corrosion Services are available to
provide equipment sales, data interpretation, and field services in support of galvanic probes.

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 SOLIDS / LIQUIDS SAMPLING

In addition to process environment characterization, sample collection and analysis of solids and liquids in process environments can
provide evidence of corrosion mechanisms. Techniques for solids and liquids analysis can be termed as a combination of Indirect
Online Measurement and Indirect Offline Measurement. These are applicable techniques for a Corrosion Monitoring System (CMS)
within an overall Integrity Management Plan (IMP). Rysco Corrosion Services are available to accurately sample, complete analysis, and
provide data interpretation on the following supporting methods.

Analytical Techniques

i. XRD [Solids]

X-ray diffraction (XRD analysis or XRPD analysis) is a unique method

in determination of crystallinity of a compound. XRD is primarily
used for:

• ID of crystalline material (used for regulatory purposes or

during development).
• ID of different polymorphic forms (“fingerprints”).
• Distinguishing between amorphous and crystalline material.
• Quantification of the percent crystallinity of a sample.

Compound Chemical Formula Abundance

Magnetite Fe3O4 80-90%
Quartz SiO2 5-15%
Wustite FeO 1-5%
Unidentified 1-5%

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ii. CHNS [Solids] Sample Trial# Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Sulphur Totals

1 74.77 10.70 0.21 1.96 87.65

12747 2 75.38 10.83 0.23 1.98 88.41
The CHNS mode for elemental analyzers determines total carbon, hydrogen, Toluene 3 75.00 10.67 0.24 1.67 87.58
Washings Average 75.08 10.76 0.22 1.97 88.03
nitrogen, and sulphur simultaneously from 0.1% (0.05% for sulphur) to high
1 12.62 1.78 <0.1% 2.70 17.10
percentage levels. It is ideal for the analysis of most sulphur compounds and 12748 2 15.59 2.22 0.15 3.40 21.35
is widely used in the analysis of soils, sludges, and plant material. Solids 3 18.40 2.47 0.18 3.72 24.77
Washings Average 14.11 2.00 0.15 3.05 19.30

iii. ICP-OES [Solids]

12749 1 78.81 11.46 1.96 0.15 92.39
Corrosion 2 79.02 11.76 1.89 <0.1% 92.67
ICP-OES is a trace-level, elemental analysis technique that uses the emission Inhibitor Average 78.92 11.61 1.92 0.15 92.60

spectra of a sample to identify and quantify the elements present. Samples are
introduced into the plasma in a process that desolvates, ionizes, and excites
Element % wt
them. The constituent elements can be identified by their characteristic Aluminum 4.54
emission lines, and quantified by the intensity of the same lines. Calcium 0.81
Chromium 0.04
Copper .10
• High sample throughput enabling the efficient analysis of large batches. Iron 39.4
• Simultaneous determination of multiple elements in each sample. Magnesium 0.19
• Complementary analysis to techniques like XRF. Manganese 0.33
Silicon 7.83
• Large dynamic linear range. Sulphur 3.23
• Low chemical and matrix interference effects. Titanium 0.18
Zinc 0.06
Total 56.7
iv. FTIR [Solids and Liquids]

FTIR stands for Fourier transform infrared, the preferred method of infrared
spectroscopy. When IR radiation is passed through a sample, some radiation is
absorbed by the sample and some passes through (is transmitted). The resulting
signal at the detector is a spectrum representing a molecular ‘fingerprint’ of the
sample. The usefulness of infrared spectroscopy arises because different chemical
structures (molecules) produce different spectral fingerprints.
So, what is FTIR?
• The Fourier Transform converts the detector output to an interpretable spectrum.
• The FTIR generates spectra with patterns that provide structural insights.

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v. Fe/Mn Concentrations [Liquids]

Analysis of dissolved iron and manganese concentrations in process liquids can be used as a technique for determination of corrosion
occurrence, by examining the concentration of corrosion by-products in solution within the process stream.

vi. Full Water Analysis [Liquids]

Water, as an electrolyte, is an intrinsic part of any corrosion cell. It is well known that the chemistry of an electrolyte has a
profound influence on the rates of corrosion, and the corrosion mechanisms that may take place. Rysco Corrosion Services
performs onsite measurements at the time of sampling (pH, temperature, and dissolved gases) to ensure the accuracy of the
water chemistry results. Results include total alkalinity, bicarbonate and carbonate, chloride and sulphate, pH and specific
gravity, barium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, strontium, iron and manganese. Calculations are performed for ion
balance and total dissolved solids.

vii. Scaling Tendencies [Liquids]

Water, as an electrolyte, is an intrinsic part of any corrosion cell. It is well known that the chemistry of an electrolyte has a
profound influence on the rates of corrosion, and the corrosion mechanisms that may take place. Rysco Corrosion Services
performs onsite measurements at the time of sampling (pH, temperature, and dissolved gases) to ensure the accuracy of the
water chemistry results. Results include total alkalinity, bicarbonate and carbonate, chloride, bromide and iodide, sulphate, pH
and specific gravity, boron, barium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, strontium, iron and manganese. Calculations are
performed for ion balance, total dissolved solids, and scaling indices, and the report includes a scaling tendencies plot.

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 BACTERIAL SAMPLING

Considered an Indirect Offline Measurement Technique, analysis for Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC) can be a suitable
method for this specific corrosion mechanism. Various techniques exist for microbiological determination. Rysco Corrosion
Services employs the following methods utilizing techniques for both Sessile and Planktonic samples for SRB, APB, IRB, and HAB.
Rysco Corrosion Services are available to accurately sample, complete analysis, and provide data interpretation on the following
supporting methods.

Analytical Techniques

i. Serial Enumeration via Dilution iii. BARTTM

A Biological Activity Reaction Test (BARTTM) is a water
Perhaps the most common and widely accepted method for
testing system for bacterial populations that utilizes time
bacterial determination. This technique involves bacterial
to reaction, color change indications, solids precipitation,
culturing from the sample to determine the concentration of
and the generation of gases to classify bacteria along with
viable bacteria. Successive dilutions of the sample are put into
population size.
the culture media and left to grow. The samples that develop
give an indication of the original concentration of bacteria. The
test can show some results in a few days, but the usual
incubation period for the test is 14 to 28 days.

ii. ATP

Adenosine Triphosphate Photometry (ATP) is a measurement

method that examines the ATP present in all living cells, but
which disappears rapidly on death. ATP can be measured using
an enzymic reaction, which generates flashes of light that are
detected by a photomultiplier. This method commonly reports
as a mass of total bacteria per mass of sample.

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 EXTERNAL CORROSION SERVICES

ENSURE THE INTEGRITY OF YOUR INFRASTRUCTURE

EXTERNAL CORROSION SERVICES

CATHODIC PROTECTION DESIGN, INSTALLATION, AND EVALUATION

Cathodic Protection (CP) is one of the most widely used methods to control external corrosion in the oil and gas industry. It is a
technique that has been used extensively over the years to reduce the cost effects of corrosion. The key to a successful CP system is
understanding the environmental conditions in which the CP system is protecting, the proper installation of required equipment, as well
as the ability to monitor and evaluate the overall effectiveness of the CP system.

i. Cathodic Protection System Design

Prior to designing any Cathodic Protection System, Rysco Corrosion Services and the client must thoroughly understand the
environmental conditions and the structure to be protected. This key step is often overlooked but is the most effective and economical
way in which to design a successful CP system. Our experts have a vast knowledge of emerging technologies which can be incorporated
into both new and aging infrastructures to protect against external corrosion. Each fully customizable design includes comprehensive
specifications and drawings to meet each individual client’s requirements. Upon completion of the design, an extensive CP system review
is then performed to ensure the integrity of the program.

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ii. Cathodic Protection Installation

Once the system design review has been approved, Rysco’s trained professionals will effectively plan to execute field work in a timely, cost
effective manner. Our project managers will work alongside with clients or with local contractors to ensure all aspects of the design are
being met. Installation of equipment, test posts, or bonds will be confirmed, labelled, and cross-referenced to the detailed design
drawings. All updated information will be documented for historical reference.

iii. Cathodic Protection System Evaluation

Now that the Cathodic Protection System has been installed, routine services/surveys should be completed to monitor the overall
effectiveness of the CP system. At Rysco Corrosion Services, we can provide an efficient data management system which is fully
customizable to the end user. This will typically incorporate GIS mapping, rectifier input/output, current source mapping, as well as
generate corrosion Key Performance Indicators (KPI’s) and compliance pass/fail reports.

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 ANNUAL ADJUSTIVE SURVEYS

Annual adjustive surveys are a method outlined by NACE International in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the cathodic protection
system. Annual surveys are an important maintenance function as there can be elements of the cathodic protection system that have
changed from year to year. These elements can include new metallic infrastructure, third party infrastructure, or optimization of
impressed current systems. The two main activities involved in an annual adjustive survey are the inspection of the sacrificial and
impressed current inputs and the collection of the resultant structure-to-soil potentials on metallic structures electrically continuous with
the infrastructure.
i. Pre-job Surveys

Prior to completion of an annual adjustive survey, Rysco Corrosion Services staff map all available historical survey data to pipeline maps
utilizing Geographical Information System (GIS) techniques. Evaluation of historical data in this method allows for validation and
verification of prior surveys, by Rysco crews. The intent of this step is to address any perceived obstacles that may arise, prior to
mobilization.

ii. Survey Techniques

Annual adjustive surveys are completed using recognized NACE techniques for the evaluation of on/off, pipe-to-soil potentials, bonds,
isolation, rectifier, sacrificial anodes, test posts, interference test posts, and other associated cathodic protection stations. Rysco
Corrosion Services crews utilize best in class technology for the efficient completion of annual adjustive surveys. This includes access
to relevant mapping (as prepared in the Pre-job Survey), tablets, and data collection techniques. This allows for excellent survey
repeatability, accuracy, and timeliness.

iii. Data Evaluation and Reporting

Upon completion of the annual adjustive survey, all the collected data is
entered into the Pre-job Survey format for analysis. Reports are provided in
digital form and are archived in an online source along with optional
interactive GIS files containing the survey data. Annual subscriptions are
required for interactive online survey data. Annual reporting formats can be
tailored to each end user client as requested.

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 CLOSE INTERVAL POTENTIAL SURVEY (CIPS)

Close Interval Potential Surveys can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of a Cathodic Protection system applied to a buried pipeline.
As the name indicates, the survey is an evaluation of the soil to pipe potentials at close intervals (typically 3m or less) along the pipeline.
The CIPS survey can also indicate areas affected by interferences and coating defects. Rysco Corrosion Services will conduct CIPS
surveys with the aid of rectifier interrupters to evaluate on/off potentials along the pipeline right of way. Rysco Corrosion Services
recommends the CIPS evaluation to be used in conjunction with ACCA/ACVG coating evaluations because the CIPS survey will identify
adequate CP system protection at any identified anomalies.

i. Pre-job Surveys

Prior to completion of a Close Interval Potential Survey, Rysco Corrosion Services staff map all available historical survey data to pipeline
maps utilizing (GIS) techniques. Evaluation of historical data in this method allows for validation and verification of any prior surveys,
before mobilization of Rysco crews.

ii. Survey Techniques

Survey techniques involve the incremental measurement of on/off, pipe-to -soil potentials and GPS coordinates, thus indicating the
amount of Cathodic Protection along a buried pipeline and the identification of areas affected by interferences or coating defects. At
Rysco, we recommend that this method is coupled with either ACCA/ACVG coating evaluations. When combined with complimentary
surveys, CIPS will identify if there is adequate CP coverage at identified anomalies.

iii. Data Evaluation and Reporting

Upon completion of the CIPS survey, all collected data is then exported into
proprietary software. This data is then reviewed by a Rysco technician and
reported back to the client. These reports are customizable and typically includes
GIS mapping, field photos, and graphs indicating where deficiencies/defects may
be located.

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 EXTERNAL COATING INDIRECT INSPECTIONS (ECDA Data Collection)

External coating indirect inspections are conducted on buried pipeline to measure and assess the protective coating on the outside of the
pipeline, and to pinpoint any coating anomaly indications that may be indicative of exposed metal. Several complimentary methods are
used to evaluate the external coating, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. By utilizing several methods, the interferences
between each method can be eliminated, providing confidence in the measured anomalies. The equipment and procedures employed by
Rysco Corrosion Services are in full compliance and support of Indirect Inspection Methods per ANSI/NACE SP0502-2010 ‘Standard
Practice for Pipeline External Corrosion Direct Assessment Methodology’.

i. Alternating Current Current Attenuation (ACCA)

The ACCA method employed by Rysco Corrosion Services is used

to identify coating anomalies on buried pipelines by measuring the
strength of an electromagnetic field around the pipe occurring
because of an applied alternating current signal. When an AC
signal flows along a straight conductor it will produce a
symmetrical magnetic field. Electromagnetic induction is used to
detect and measure the intensity of the signal, and the resultant
pipe current is calculated. Where no coating anomalies exist, the
current will attenuate at a constant rate. The rate of attenuation will
depend on the coating properties. A significant change in the
current attenuation rate can indicate coating anomalies. During
analysis of the logged data along a buried pipeline, Rysco
Corrosion Services will compare the gathered ACCA data to the
complimentary ACVG data to validate any suspected anomalies. As
ACCA data can be influenced by geometrical effects (distance to
pipe, bends, turns, vertical rises), comparison to an alternate
method is essential.

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ii. Alternating Current Voltage Gradient (ACVG)

The ACVG method employed by Rysco Corrosion Services is a variation of the Pearson technique for detecting coating faults on
buried pipelines. The technique involves the induction of an AC current on the pipeline, which is then assessed by two technicians
wearing metal cleats. The metal cleats provide electrical contact points with the ground, both over the pipeline and at a 3m distance
perpendicular to the pipeline. The voltage gradient is then measured between the two contact points and adjusted for relative
distance from the transmitter. A coating fault will result in a higher voltage gradient between the over the pipeline contact and the 3m
contact than a location where there is no coating fault. The method employed by Rysco Corrosion Services is considered a modified
Pearson technique due to the elimination of audible tones and interpretation of acoustic data. Measurement in the modified
technique is considerably more analytical due to the use of electronic measurement and the recording of actual AC voltage gradient
magnitudes in millivolts (mV). During analysis of the data, Rysco Corrosion Services will look for increases in the normalized mV
measurement to indicate voltage leakage from the pipeline. Interferences from the poor contact are confirmed and correlated to
ACCA data to indicate coating anomalies.

iii. Right of Way Inventory (ROW)

Right of Way (ROW) Inventories can also be recorded and include test stations,
pipeline markers, signage, crossings, roads, and many other types of inventory
items. Typical land use classifications include: Arable/Cropland, Native
Grassland, Pastureland, Landscaped, Brush/Woodlands, Surfaced, Swap,
Primarily Underwater, Sandy, and Rocky.

iv. Depth of Cover (DOC)

CSA Z662 requires that owners of buried assets such as pipelines maintain a minimum level of ground cover, based on the land use
above the pipeline. Rysco Corrosion Services can provide survey results for buried pipeline in support of ECDA practices and to
ensure compliance with CSA Z662 requirements. DOC measurements are an important factor for asset integrity, especially at
creek/river crossings where there may be erosion along the banks. During the locate procedure for identification of a buried pipeline,
Rysco Corrosion Services is able to identify the GPS center-line of the buried pipeline, along with a determination of the Depth of
Cover (DOC) corrected for the diameter of the pipeline. While logging the pipeline location, Rysco Corrosion Services technicians
record the land use for correlation with the required Depth of Cover. Depth of Water can also be determined in the same way, but with
the additional use of SONAR for depth determination.

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 ENGINEERING AND DESIGN

ENSURE THE INTEGRITY OF YOUR INFRASTRUCTURE

ENGINEERING AND DESIGN

PIPELINE INTEGRITY AND COMPLIANCE SERVICE (PICS)

At Rysco Corrosion Services, we strive to lead the oil and gas industry in the development of Pipeline Corrosion Integrity Management
systems (PCIM) as well as Regulatory Compliance Services (RCS). The key to any integrity program is to first assess the threats to the
pipeline system and prioritize remediation. We work closely with our clients to ensure detection and mitigation of these threats are
closely monitored and reviewed. Management of this data can pose quite a challenge but our dedicated team can offer support in all
areas.

i. Risk Assessments

The purpose of this investigation is to measure an event’s probability of occurrence to its associated consequence. For pipeline integrity,
prioritization of pipeline/segments for scheduling integrity assessments and mitigation is crucial. In relation, relative risk is the key to
this prioritization. Rysco analysts will work with each client to perform a comparative risk analysis of varying pipelines/segments to aid
identifying high and low priority areas. This risk matrix will ultimately be used to determine whether the risk is manageable or
unmanageable. Risk reduction goals and objectives as well as risk/benefit analysis will also be performed in this process.

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ii. Engineering Assessments

The purpose of this investigation is to accurately assess the effects of relevant variables on fitness-for-service and integrity of pipeline
systems. Original design, material, construction, operating conditions, and maintenance history are just some of the parameters
considered for each engineering assessment. Our dedicated professionals work alongside our clients and their contractors to ensure
all aspects of the pipeline segments are assessed, monitored, and integrity hazards managed.

iii. Internal/External Corrosion Direct Assessments (ICDA/ECDA)

The Unknown Unknown
The purpose of this investigation is the collection, analysis, and integration of representative
pipeline data. Our dedicated field technicians, laboratory personnel, and data analysts ensure the
utmost accuracy of sample collection/preservation, analytical testing, and reporting of findings. The known Unknown

These results are typically used as evidence in determining corrosion related mechanisms. When
integrated with system operating temperatures/pressures, critical angles, terrain and coating The known

conditions, GIS/GPS surveys, and other valuable pipeline information, predictions can be made
as to where internal/external corrosion may exist. Once the ICDA/ECDA procedure has been
implemented, monitoring and collection of anticipated results are the success of the program.

iv. Regulatory Compliance

The purpose of this investigation is to understand which regulations apply to the types of pipeline products or process system. Governing
regulations and policies promote secure, high quality, and environmentally responsible pipeline systems. Rysco Corrosion Services and
the client will thoroughly review all compliance requirements to ensure all regulations are satisfied.

v. Pipeline Integrity Management Systems

At Rysco Corrosion Services, our team is involved in all areas of the oil and gas industry. Our vast knowledge and experience is what
separates us from the competition. We work closely with our clients to first develop a baseline (risk) assessment plan and identify
specific integrity methods for each high consequence area. Periodic assessments will be conducted on these identified pipeline
segments, results reviewed, and remedial action taken. Preventative and mitigative measures along with continual improvement
processes and evaluations will be conducted to accurately determine the overall effectiveness of the program.

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vi. Corrosion Modelling

The purpose of this investigation is to predictively measure corrosion rates using empirical and mechanical models. Free water, process
fluids, acid gas chemistries, pressures, and temperatures are just some contributing factors to consider when calculating bare steel
corrosion rates. Rysco Corrosion Services works diligently with all clients to ensure that all data collection and influences are assessed
for every predictive corrosion model. Investigative digs are commonly used as an evaluation of these models and our trained
professionals will be there every step of the way.

vii. Cathodic Protection Design and Evaluation

Prior to designing any Cathodic Protection (CP) system, Rysco Corrosion Services and the client must thoroughly understand the
environmental conditions and the structure to be protected. This key step is often overlooked but is the most effective and economical
way in which to design a successful CP system. Our experts have a vast knowledge of emerging technologies which can be incorporated
into both new and aging infrastructures to protect against external corrosion. Each fully customizable design includes comprehensive
specifications and drawings to meet each individual client’s requirements. Upon completion of the design, an extensive CP system review
is then performed to ensure the integrity of the program.

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 PIPELINE ANALYSIS

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PIPELINE ANALYSIS

ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES

Pipeline Analysis is one of the most widely used methods to investigate internal/external corrosion mechanisms in the oil and gas
industry. It is a technique that has been used extensively over the years to reduce costly shut downs and lessen the environmental
impact due to corrosion related failures. The key to a successful corrosion mitigation strategy is to have a monitoring program that
provides insight into the local conditions of the pipeline. At Rysco Corrosion Services, we utilize several supporting analytical
techniques and visual characterization of corrosion mechanisms to aid in the determination of a root cause.

i. Failure Analysis

The purpose of this investigation is to provide an estimate of the

suspected internal/external corrosion mechanisms that has
contributed to the failure on the pipeline segment. The
identification of potential internal/external corrosion mechanisms
are generally concentrated on the use of pit morphology and
position. Analytical testing can also be performed during these
examinations to aid in the determination of corrosion mechanisms.

ii. Pipeline Analysis

The purpose of this investigation is to visually examine pipeline coupon cut outs and evaluate the condition
of the provided pipeline segment. Coating adhesion, pit measurements/depths, bacterial testing, and solids
deposition collection are some of the parameters reported by Rysco Corrosion Services. Our team
understands numerous corrosion related issues in varying process systems. This knowledge is then applied
to the pipeline coupon cut out during the visual examination. Determining the corrosion mechanisms (often
using supportive analytical testing of solids/liquids) is important so our clients can make informative
decisions when developing/improving their mitigation strategy.

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iii. ILI Verification

The purpose of this investigation is to correlate the ILI data to physical measurements on the pipeline coupon cut out. The correlation
between the ILI data and the physical measurements is used as an evaluation of the accuracy of the ILI data. Rysco Corrosion Services
can also perform a thorough examination of pipeline coupon cut out, providing wall loss anomaly mapping/identification along with
applied analytical techniques to identify corrosion mechanisms. The identification of potential internal corrosion mechanisms is
generally concentrated on the use of pit morphology and metal loss position. Analytical testing can also be performed during these
examinations to aid in the determination of corrosion mechanisms.

Defect Defect Type US GW Distance (m) DS GW Distance (m) Percent Depth (%) Length (mm) Width (mm) Orientation Int / Ext Feature Num

D1 Metal Loss 0.100 18.236 11 % 22 49 7:15 Ext 143

D2 Metal Loss 0.176 18.160 11 % 26 35 4:15 Ext 144

D3 Metal Loss 4.230 14.106 13 % 12 11 11:30 Int 145
D4 Metal Loss 4.394 13.942 13 % 8 11 11:00 Int 146

DEFECT LOCATION
Area of Interest Circumferential Defect Length Defect Width US GW Distance DS GW Distance Int | Ext
(WL depth) Position (mm) (mm) (mm) (m)

D1 (10%) 7:15 20 52 0.100 18.236 External

D2 (14%) 4:15 26 31 0.176 18.160 External
D3 (36%) 11:30 4 2 4.230 14.106 External
D4 (26%) 11:00 3 3 4.394 13.942 External

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 ONLINE REPORTING

ENSURE THE INTEGRITY OF YOUR INFRASTRUCTURE

ONLINE REPORTING

INTERACTIVE DATA MAPPING AND COMPLIANCE DASHBOARD

At Rysco Corrosion Services, we strive to lead the oil and gas industry in the development of Pipeline Corrosion Integrity Management
systems (PCIM). In striving to be the best, we only use the most recent, up to date software to allow our customers to interact with their
pipeline integrity data. Management of this data can pose quite a challenge but our dedicated team can offer support in all areas. Each
and every report is fully customized to meet our clients’ needs. Analyzing current, historical, geographical and/or compliance based data
has never been easier. This allows for our clients to better compose and compare data sets as well as put more time back in their day.

i. Interactive Data Mapping

Our interactive data mapping integrates and

overlays data on either geographical or
topographical mapping systems. This allows our
clients to visually compare past and present data
with the ability to predict future results. All data
can be plotted within a facility or pipeline system
with data filtering as easy as a click of a mouse.

ii. Compliance Dashboard

Prior to designing a compliance based dashboard, Rysco develops an understanding of which

regulations apply to the client’s specific types of pipelines and products. Allow our experienced
designers to work with you to ensure each and every regulation is being met. Our fully customizable
dashboards allow our clients to filter through data and quickly observe non-conformances as well
as future areas of concern.

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