Date: 14-02-2018

EXPERIMENT NO. 4

AIM: To study RE cascaded transistor amplifier

APPARATUS:
Sr. No. Name of component/Equipment Specifications Quantity
Aplab 2MHz waveform generator,
1 Function Generator
model-MSG2M
2 DSO Tektronix TBS 1042, 2 channels 1
3 DMM HIOKI DT4212 1
4 Resistors 100kΩ, 680Ω, 4.8kΩ, 19kΩ, 1.2kΩ, 5kΩ 2
5 Capacitors 100 µF, 22 µF 2
6 Transistor BC547A 2

SOFTWARE SIMULATION: Multisim 14.0

THEORY:
INTRODUCTION:
In this experiment we will study two methods of connection between amplifier stages which are cascade
connection and discuss its properties. But first we need to know the basic BJT amplifier names and its
properties before we combine it to construct multistage amplifier.

Common Emitter CE with RE Emitter follower CC

Construction

Voltage gain High Medium Low

Input Resistance Low High High
Output Resistance High High Low

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
 CONNECTION:
In which each stage is coupled to the next by using coupling capacitor as shown in figure which describes
a general model for a cascade multistage amplifier configuration.
The main properties of cascade connection:
The input resistance of the multistage amplifier equals to the input resistance of the first amplifier stage.
RiT = Ri1

The ouput resistance of the multistage amplifier equals to the ouput resistance of the last amplifier
stage.
RoT = Ro1

The input voltage of the second amplifier stage is equal to the output voltage of the first amplifier stage.
Vin2 = Vo1

The total gain of second amplifier is stage equal to the product of all individual gain stages. AvT = Av1 *
Av2 *….* Avn

These properties will help us design a multistage amplifier that has these features:
▪ High gain(voltage gain or current gain).
▪ High input resistance to protect the amplifier from high current.
▪ Low output resistance to be more efficient.

The coupling capacitors are used for 2 main reasons which are:
1. To remove the DC gain from AC output signal.
2. To connect between amplifier stages like coupling

OBSERVATION TABLE:
Sr. No. Frequency(Hz) Vo (volts) Av(dB)
1
 2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

PROCEDURE:
1. Design two amplifier stage theoretically.
2. Assemble the circuit as shown in circuit diagram.
3. Switch on the power supply and function generator.
4. Observe the output waveform in the CRO.
5. Calculate gain, input output impedance theoretically.
6. Calculate the gain from DSO waveform.
7. Measure the input output impedance using DMM.
8. Verify the theoretical results with the practical values.

CONCLUSION: A cascade amplifier has a high gain, moderately high input and output impedance and
high bandwidth. Therefore, it gives high stability.

MULTISIM:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

GRAPH: