Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
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Overview
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Program Agenda
• Introduction
• Solaris 11 Overview
• Installation
• Advanced Installation
• Boot and Shutdown
• File Systems and Storage
• Software Management
• Networking
• Virtualization
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Labs
• Advanced Installation
• File Systems and Storage
• Software Management
• Networking
• Virtualization
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Module 1 - Introduction
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Solaris 11 Bootcamp Logistics
• 2 days
• 9:00 am – 5:00 pm
• 15 minute breaks
• 1 hour lunch
• Lecture
• Self directed labs
– Brief overview
– Self directed lab – complete at your own pace
– Instructor to facilitate issues or questions
• Lab workbook
• All files necessary available on flash disks
– Please return flash disks to instructor!
• Sign in Sheet
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Why are we here?
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What does the exam cover?
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How do I pass the exam?
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Other training information
• Sales and Presales GLP
– On-line training with on-line exam
– Presales GLP is a prerequisite for this bootcamp
– Counts towards Specialization
• How-to’s and HOL’s online on Oracle.com
• Specialization for Partners
– Take the OU exam for Oracle Solaris 11 classes
– Associate or Professional
– Take the OPN Certified Implementation Specialist exam
• OU offers ILT, LVT, and custom courses
– Continue to improve your skills and stay marketable in the
industry
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Q&A
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Module 2 – What’s New in Solaris 11
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Module 3 - Oracle Solaris 11 Installation Basics
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Module Agenda
• Pre Installation
• Live Media Overview
• Installing with the Text Installer
• AI Installs that boot from Media
• AI Installs of Multiple Clients
• SCI Utility
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Pre Installation
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Obtain Oracle Solaris 11 Software
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Setting Up Partitions
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Partitioning the Hard Disk
Create new Solaris partition Select a primary partition and change it’s type to
Solaris. Erases the existing contents
Increase space for Solaris partition If space is available, you can increase the size
that is allocated to a Solaris partition before
installing
Install on different primary partition Change existing Solaris partition to ‘unused’,
then select another partition and change it’s type
to Solaris. Both partitions will be erased.
Create new Solaris partition in Change existing Solaris partition to unused then
extended partition create an ‘extended’ partition labeled as a Solaris
partition
Delete an existing partition Delete an existing partition by changing its type
to Unused. The partition will be destroyed and
it’s space made available to the system.
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Device Drivers
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Mini Lab
Live Media Install
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Starting Your Live Media Installation - Overview
• Default settings:
– Automatic DHCP and DNS
– Automatic networking enables IPv6 auto configuration
– NFSv4 domain is dynamically derived
• Insert media and boot the system
• GRUB menu will be displayed
– If your graphics card isn’t supported, you’ll automatically go to a
text based install
• Asked for login? User = jack, password = solaris
• Make keyboard and language selections
• Double click the ‘Install Oracle Solaris’ icon
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Installation Selections - Overview
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Installing with Live Media
Live Media Start Screen
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Installing with Live Media
Choose your keyboard layout …
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Installing with Live Media
Choose your language …
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Installing with Live Media
Solaris running in memory …
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Installing with Live Media
Device Driver Utility …
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Installing with Live Media
GParted, partition your disk if necessary …
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Installing with Live Media
Choose the ‘Install Oracle Solaris’ icon …
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Installing with Live Media
Ready to start the installation …
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Installing with Live Media
Review the release notes first …
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Installing with Live Media
Disk discovery …
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Installing with Live Media
Choosing where to install Solaris 11 …
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Installing with Live Media
Choosing where to install Solaris 11 …
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Installing with Live Media
Choose your time zone, date, and time …
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Installing with Live Media
Add a user, and name your system …
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Installing with Live Media
Register or sign in for Oracle Support …
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Installing with Live Media
Review the settings …
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Installing with Live Media
Installation Proceeds …
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Installing with Live Media
Install complete …
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Installing with Live Media
Check the install log in case there are any issues …
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Installing with Live Media
Instance is ready after a reboot …
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Installing with Live Media
Login …
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Installing with Live Media
Password
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Installing with Live Media
Ready to get to work …
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Mini Lab
Text based Install
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Installing with the Text Installer - Overview
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Installing with the Text Installer
Choose your keyboard layout …
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Installing with the Text Installer
Choose your language …
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Installing with the Text Installer
Choose 1 to install Oracle Solaris 11 …
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Installing with the Text Installer
Welcome screen, hit F2 to continue …
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Installing with the Text Installer
Disk discovery method
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Installing with the Text Installer
Partition your disk …
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Installing with the Text Installer
Entire disk or partition selection …
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Installing with the Text Installer
System name …
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Installing with the Text Installer
Network Configuration …
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Installing with the Text Installer
Manual network configuration …
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Installing with the Text Installer
Name services selection
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Installing with the Text Installer
Name services selection details …
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Installing with the Text Installer
Further name services selections …
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Installing with the Text Installer
Further name services selections …
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Installing with the Text Installer
Time zone …
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Installing with the Text Installer
Default Language Support
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Installing with the Text Installer
Language Territory
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Installing with the Text Installer
Date and Time
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Installing with the Text Installer
Keyboard Selection
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Installing with the Text Installer
Add root password and default user …
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Installing with the Text Installer
Sign in or sign up for support
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Installing with the Text Installer
Review your settings …
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Installing with the Text Installer
Install proceeding …
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Installing with the Text Installer
Success!
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Installing with the Text Installer
Instance ready to boot …
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Installing with the Text Installer
Log in and get to work …
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Automated Installs (AI)
booting from media
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Installing using AI Media - Overview
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Installing using AI Media
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Installing using AI Media
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Using a Custom AI Manifest
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Using a Custom AI Manifest
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Using a Custom AI Manifest
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Automated Install (AI)
multiple clients
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AI With Multiple Clients - Overview
• AI can install Oracle Solaris 11 on multiple client
systems over a network
• Hands free installation of both SPARC and x86
• Clients can be customized
– Disk layout
– Software selection
– Hostname, network config, user accounts
• Scaled for large environments
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AI With Multiple Clients
What is an Automated Installation?
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AI With Multiple Clients
Requirements
• DHCP
• AI Install service on an AI server
– DHCP and AI server can be on the same machine
• Available repository
– Net boot install image is not complete, will need to access a repo
to install a full image
• Each type of machine needs it’s own service
– SPARC vs x86
• AI Manifests can be used to differentiate client details in
similar OS installs
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AI With Multiple Clients
System Configuration Instructions
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AI With Multiple Clients
Provide a local IPS Package Repository
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AI With Multiple Clients
Custom First Boot Script
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Using the SCI Utility
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Using the SCI Utility
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Using the SCI Utility
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Using the SCI Utility
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Using the SCI Utility
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Using the SCI Utility
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Using the SCI Utility
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Using the SCI Utility
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Using the SCI Utility
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Using the SCI Utility
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Using the SCI Utility
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Using the SCI Utility
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Using the SCI Utility
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Using the SCI Utility
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What We Learned
Next Steps
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Module 4 – Advanced Installation Lab Overview
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Module Agenda
• System Shakedown
• Section 4 lab overview
• Lab
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System Shakedown
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Hardware System Requirements
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Software System Requirements
• VirtualBox 4.3 Windows
• Oracle VM Extension Pack 4.3
• Solaris ISO Images
File Type File Name
Text Install sol-11_2-text-x86.iso
Solaris Repository sol-11_2-repo-1of4.zip
sol-11_2-repo-2of4.zip
sol-11_2-repo-3of4.zip
sol-11_2-repo-4of4.zip
Install Script Install-repo.ksh
MD5 Checksums sol-11_2-md5sums.txt
• All files available from Instructor on USB Flash Disk
• Please return the Flash Disk!
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VirtualBox Install and Image Install
• VirtualBox Hypervisor installation and configuration
– Starts on page 3 of the lab guide
– Exercise 5.1
• Install VirtualBox
• Install and configure the text based Solaris 11 instance
– Sol-11_2-text-x86.iso
– Page 7
• Start the server once it’s installed – page 9
• Basic configuration – page 10
• Boot from hard disk – page 17
• Start the lab
– Exercise 5.4 – page 17
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Let’s get started!
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Advanced Installation Lab
What you’ll be learning
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Lab Overview
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Oracle Solaris 11 Commands Used In This Lab
• svcadm
– Issues requests for actions on services within SMF
• pkg
– Image Packaging System retrieval client
• beadm
– User interface for managing ZFS Boot Enviroments (BE)
• dladm
– Administer network data-links
• svccfg
– Manipulates data in the service configuration repository
• installadm
– Automated Installer configuration utility
• sysconfig
– Interface for configuring and unconfiguring a Solaris instance
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Logistics
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Module 5 - Oracle Solaris 11 Boot and Shutdown
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Module Agenda
• Introduction
• SPARC OBP Overview
• X86 BIOS Overview
• Boot phases
• GRUB Menu
• Booting the System
• Troubleshooting Boot
• Q&A
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Introduction
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System Overview
• OBP = Open Boot Prom
• BIOS = Basic Input Output System
• OBP and BIOS is where the OS interacts with the
hardware.
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SPARC OBP
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Features of OpenBoot Prom
• Test and initialize system hardware
• Determine the hardware configuration
• Boot the operating system
– Mass storage
– Network
• Interactive debugging facilities
• Processor independent design
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OpenBoot Prom Features
• Plug in device drivers
– Used to boot the O/S from a specific device
– Enables devices to change without prom changes
• FCode interpreter
– Machine independent language
– Drivers written in Fcode
• Device tree
– Data structure describing the devices
• Programmable user interface
– Forth code
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Device Path Overview
• Device tree overview
– Data structure describing the hardware devices attached to the
system
– Users and the O/S can determine the hardware configuration from
inspecting the device tree
– Representation of the physical interconnected busses on a system
– Ex: pci@1f,0/network@c,1
• Device path names
– Device name
• Human readable string
–@
• Must precede the address parameter
– Unit address
• Physical address of the device
– Device arguments
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Device Aliases
• Shorthand representation of a device path
• Systems usually have predefined aliases for commonly
used devices
– disk
– net
• devalias command
– Examine, create, and change device aliases
• Display all current device aliases
– devalias
• Display the device path corresponding to an alias
– devalias alias
• Define an alias
– devalias alias device
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Mini Lab
BootPROM Overview
• Login to the service processor (SP) to take a look at some
basic parameters.
ok printenv
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Mini Lab
BootPROM Overview
• Check basic information contained in the boot prom.
ok printenv auto-boot?
ok printenv boot-device
ok printenv boot-command
• Auto-boot?
– Checks whether the system will boot automatically or not
• Boot-device
– Which device the system will boot to
• Boot-command
– The default boot command and any provided options
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Mini Lab
BootPROM Overview
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Mini Lab
BootPROM Overview
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Mini Lab
BootPROM Overview
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Mini Lab
BootPROM Overview
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X86 BIOS
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X86 BIOS Main (X2-8 / X4800)
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X86 BIOS Boot (X2-8/ X4800)
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X86 BIOS Boot Settings (X2-8/ X4800)
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X86 BIOS Boot Device Priority (X2-8/ X4800)
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X86 BIOS Overview
• Access BIOS Setup by pressing F2 key during POST
– Use left, right, and tab keys to navigate
– Contains help menus
• BIOS can be upgraded through ILOM
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Boot phases
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Booting Your System
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SPARC Boot Phases
• Open Boot PROM phase
– OBP
– Boot block is loaded into system memory
• Boot phase
– Boot archive is read and executed
– Relies on boot file system format (disk, NFS, http)
• Ramdisk phase
– Contains kernel modules and components to boot Solaris 11
• Kernel phase
– Final stage of the boot process
– Root filesystem is mounted on the ramdisk
– For installation, the ramdisk remains mounted
– If not, it extracts the remaining primary modules from the boot
archive and mounts the real root filesystem
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X86 Boot Phases
• BIOS phase:
– BIOS initializes the CPU, memory, and platform hardware
• Boot Loader phase
– First software that runs when you turn on a system
– Loads from the configured boot device
– Starts the boot process
• GRUB is the boot loader on Oracle Solaris
– Grand Unified Boot Loader
– Responsible for loading a boot archive into system memory.
– Boot archive is a collection of critical files needed during system
startup
– Run from configuration file – menu.conf
– Solaris kernel is fully compliant with the Multiboot Specification.
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SPARC Boot Phase Example
• To watch the boot process of a SPARC system you
can use the boot –v option from the OpenBoot
prom console.
ok boot -v
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SPARC Boot Phase Example
• You can also get the information after the system has
booted by using the dmesg command
# /usr/sbin/dmesg | more
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x86 Boot Phase Example
• Here’s an example from an x86 system
# /usr/sbin/dmesg | more
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GRUB Menu
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GRUB Menu
• Grand Unified Bootloader
• Developed and supported by the Free Software
Foundation
• Highly Portable
• Variety of user interfaces
• Supports O/S’s that don’t support Multi-Boot by ‘chain-
loading’
• Default boot loader on Solaris x86
• Loads boot-archive into system memory
• Solaris specific GRUB utilities
– Bootadm – manage the boot archive and change GRUB
– Installgrub – loads the boot program from disk
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GRUB Components
• Stage1 – image on the first sector of the fdisk partition.
• Stage2 – image installed in the reserved area of the fdisk
partition
• Menu.conf file - <pool-name>/boot/grub directory.
• Menu.conf is read by stage2.
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GRUB Menu Example
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Mini-Lab
Using bootadm to change the GRUB menu
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Mini-Lab
Using bootadm to change the GRUB menu
View the current contents of menu.conf
# cat /rpool/boot/grub/menu.conf (output
truncated)
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Mini-Lab
Using bootadm to change the GRUB menu
The second entry (1) was added automatically by the beadm command
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Mini-Lab
Using bootadm to change the GRUB menu
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Mini-Lab
Using bootadm to change the GRUB menu
solaris is the current environment ‘N’ and solaris2 will be active on reboot ‘R’
You can change it back to the default with # beadm activate solaris
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Booting the system
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Boot Commands
• Default boot
– boot – (options – init level or milestone)
– boot –m milestone=milestone
• System reset
– ok boot –r
– ok reset-all
– # sync; reboot
– # init 6
• Useful milestones
– none (Useful for debugging – manual service start)
– all
– single-user
– multi-user
– multi-user-system
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Fast Reboot - SPARC
• Default = false
• Only available on certain systems
• On sun4v systems fast reboot is unnecessary
– Hypervisor restart not involving POST
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Fast Reboot – x86
• Default is true
• Bypasses the firmware and boot loader processes
• Utilized by the ‘init 6’ command
• To boot a system normally when fast boot is
enabled
– reboot -p
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Run Levels and Milestones
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Milestones
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Run Levels
3 Multiuser NFS shared Multiuser Normal operations, NFS shared. Default run level
5 Power-Down Power-down Shut down the O/S, safe to power off. Auto power
off
6 Reboot Reboot Shut down system to run level 0, then reboot to
default run level
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Run Levels vs SMF Milestones
• The table below shows which milestones
correspond to which run-levels
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Network Boot
• Client knows it’s MAC but needs an IP address
• Uses TFTP to transfer from the network via …
– dhcp
– bootp
– Rarp
• Bootprom uses bootparams file to obtain boot parameters
• ok boot <full_path_to_network_device>
• Ex: ok boot /pci@7c0/pci@0/pci@2/network@0,1
• DHCP offers the most flexibility
• For network boot you can supply options directly …
– boot - <path> :dhcp|bootp server=ip, boot filename, client-ip, router-
ip, boot-retries,tftp-retries, subnet-mask
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Boot Troubleshooting
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Boot Process Hangs
• ok boot –m milestone=none
– Manually start services and see if you can figure out which one’s
causing the problem
• ok boot –m verbose
– Will print a line of information when each service is started
• Run svcs –a to determine service state
• Check /var/svc/log for error messages
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Single User Mode
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Mini Lab
Bringing an x86 system to single user
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Mini Lab
Bringing an x86 system to single user
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Mini Lab
Bringing an x86 system to single user
• Cursor down to the boot command
• Enter ‘-s’ for single user
• Press <CTRL-X> or F10 to boot
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Mini Lab
Bringing an x86 system to single user
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Boot From Media – Live Media
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Boot From Media – Text Install
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Boot From Media - AI
• Automated Installation
– PXE boot from the network, then select a shell
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Mini Lab
Recover the Root Password (1)
• Import the root pool
# zpool import –f rpool
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Mini Lab
Recover the Root Password (1)
• Unmount the boot environment
# beadm unmount solaris-2
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Correct Problems With menu.conf File
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Force a Crash Dump
• Kernel Debugger
– Kmdb prompt from F1-A
• or
• # halt -d
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AI Client Boot Load Failure
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Module Summary
• Introduction
• SPARC OBP Overview
• X86 BIOS Overview
• Boot phases
• GRUB Menu
• Booting the System
• Troubleshooting Boot
• Q&A
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Module 6 – File Systems and Storage Lab Overview
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File Systems and Storage
What you’ll be learning
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Lab Overview
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Lab Overview
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Oracle Solaris 11 Commands Used In This Lab
• format
– Format, label, repair, and analyze disks on your system
• zpool
– Configures ZFS storage pools. Pool is a collection of devices that
provide physical storage
• zfs
– Configures datasets within a ZFS storage pool.
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Logistics
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Module 7 – Software Management Lab Overview
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Solaris 11 Software Management
What you’ll be learning
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Lab Overview
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Oracle Solaris 11 Commands Used In This Lab
• pkg
– Retrieval client for the Image Packaging System
• pkgrepo
– Provides the ability to create and manage package repositories
• beadm
– User interface for managing ZFS boot environments.
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Logistics
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Module 8 – Networking Lab Overview
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Oracle Solaris 11 Networking
What you’ll be learning
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Lab Overview
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Oracle Solaris Commands Used In This Lab
• netadm
– Administers network profiles and interacts with the NWAM daemon
• dladm
– Administers data-links
• ipadm
– Manages network interfaces, addresses, and TCP/IP protocol properties
• svccfg
– Manipulates data in the service configuration repository. Can be
invoked interactively, with a single command, or within a script
• svcadm
– Issues requests for actions on services within SMF
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Logistics
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Section 9 – Virtualization Lab Overview
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Oracle Solaris 11 Virtualization
What you’ll be learning
• Basics of zones
• How to set up a zone
• How to install a zone
• How to set up a zone with a single command
• How to set up a zone by cloning another zone
• How to destroy a zone
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Lab Overview
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Oracle Solaris 11 Commands Used In This Lab
• zonecfg
– Creates, modifies, and lists the configuration of a zone
• zoneadm
– Administers system zones.
• zlogin
– Used to enter an operating system zone.
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Logistics
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Section 10 - Wrap Up
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Thank you!
• Bootcamp Overview
• Technical Overview
• Installation
• Lab Intro – System Shakedown
• Lab – Advanced Installation
• Boot and Shutdown
• Lab - File Systems and Storage
• Lab – Software Management
• Lab – Networking
• Lab – Virtualization
• Take Exam!
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Oracle Solaris 11
Practice and Study
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Oracle Solaris 11
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