Design a concrete mix using the method of road note no.

4
Let,

Specified works cube strength = 210 kg/cm2 at 28 days

Degree of control - Very good with weight

Degree of workability – High

Type of cement – Ordinary Portland

Type of fine aggregate & coarse aggregate – Tiles

Materials Specific gravity Dry bulk density kg/m3

Cement 3.15 1472
Coarse aggregate (20 mm) 2.59 1520
Fine aggregate (20 mm) 2.585 1680

Design of concrete mix

For the degree of control used,

210 280
Mean design strength = 0.75 = 254 kg/cm2

Water/Cement ratio = 0.57

Aggregate/Cement ratio = 4.8

The proportion of time to total aggregate is 40%

Proportion by weight

Cement ∶ FA ∶ CA
4.8∗40 4.8∗60
1∶ 100
∶ 100

1 ∶ 1.92 ∶ 2.88
Proportion by volume

Cement ∶ FA ∶ CA
1.92∗1472 2.88∗1472
1∶ 1680
∶ 1520

1 ∶ 1.68 ∶ 2.78

Quantity of materials required for 1 m3 of concrete,

If C= weight of cement per m3 of concrete

C 1.92 C 2.88 C 0.57 C
+ + + =1
3.15∗103 2.59∗103 2.585∗103 103

⟹ 0.002742892 C = 1
∴ C = 365 kg
Materials quantities by weight

Cement = 365 kg
Water = 365 ∗ 0.57 = 208 kg
F. A = 2 ∗ 365 = 730 kg
C. A = 3 ∗ 365 = 1095 kg
Density of fresh concrete = 2275 kg
Materials quantities by volume
365
Cement = 1472 = 0.248 m3
208
Water = = 0.208 m3
1000
730
F. A = 1680 = 0.435 m3
1095
C. A = 1520 = 0.720m3

From cylinder
πD2 h 3.1416∗0.332 ∗0.67
Aria = 4
= 4
= 0.057 ∗ 3 = 0.17 ∗ 1.54 = 0.265 ft 3

For 0.265 ft 3 the materials quantities are,

0.06572
Cement = 1.25
= 2.628 ≈ 3kg

F. A = 1.94 ≈ 2 cft
C. A = 6.74 ≈ 7 cft

Area of cylinder (3) = 0.265 ft 3

Ratio = 1 ∶ 2 ∶ 3
0.265∗1 0.044
For Cement = 6
= 1.25
= 0.035 ∗ 50 = 1.76 ≈ 2 kg
0.265∗2
F. A = 6
= 0.088 cft
0.265∗3
C. A = 6
= 0.13 cft

Beam Calculation
Let,

𝑓𝑐′ = 4000 𝑝𝑠𝑖

𝑓𝑦 = 60000 𝑝𝑠𝑖

𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 = 197.5 𝑙𝑏/𝑓𝑡

 1
𝑀𝑈 = 8 ∗ 197.5 ∗ (26.10)2 ∗ 12

= 2018 𝑖𝑛 − 𝑘𝑖𝑝𝑠
𝑓𝑐′ ℰ𝑈
𝜌0.005 = 0.85𝛽1 𝑓𝑦 ℰ𝑈 +0.005

4 0.003
= 0.85 ∗ 0.85 (60) (0.003+0.005)

= 0.0181
𝜌𝑓𝑦
∅𝑀𝑛 = ∅𝜌𝑓𝑦 𝑏𝑑2 (1 − 0.59 )
𝑓𝑐′

0.0181∗60
= 0.9 ∗ 0.0181 ∗ 60 𝑏𝑑 2 (1 − 0.59 4
)

= 0.821𝑏𝑑2
𝑀𝑈 = ∅𝑀𝑛
⟹ 2018 = 0.821 𝑏𝑑2

⟹ 𝑏𝑑2 = 2458
𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ 𝑖𝑠 𝑏 = 11 𝑖𝑛 & 𝑑 = 15 𝑖𝑛
∴ ℎ = 15 + 2.5 = 17.5 𝑖𝑛
∴ 𝐴𝑠 = 0.0181 ∗ 11 ∗ 15

= 3 𝑖𝑛2
1.27∗12
Use #10 bar, = 5.1" 𝑐/𝑐
3

2018∗12
𝑑 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑 = √ 4
0.9∗6∗0.021∗11(1−0.59∗0.021 )
60

= 13.94 = 14 𝑓𝑡
Let, a = 5 in
2018
𝐴𝑠 = 5 = 3.25 𝑖𝑛2
0.9∗6(14− )
2

3.25∗60
𝑎 = 0.85∗4∗11 = 5.21 𝑖𝑛
2018
𝐴𝑠 = 5.21 = 3.27 𝑖𝑛2
0.9∗6(14− )
2

3.27∗60
𝑎= = 5.24 𝑖𝑛
0.85∗4∗11

The required steel area = 3.27 𝑖𝑛2

Using three #bar

0.875∗12
𝑆𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 3.25
= 3.23 " 𝑐/𝑐

Shear check
𝑉𝑢 = 19.75 𝑘 − 𝑖𝑛

∅𝑉𝑐 = 0.75 ∗ 2√4 ∗ 13.5 ∗ 12

= 38.18 𝑘 − 𝑖𝑛 > 𝑉𝑢 (𝑜𝑘)

Temperature & shrinkage

𝐴𝑠 = 0.0018 𝑏𝑡

= 0.0018 ∗ 11 ∗ 17.5 = 0.3465 𝑖𝑛2

0.31∗12
#5 bar, 𝑆𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 0.3465
= 10.74" 𝑐/𝑐